Display panel and display device

Abstract

The invention discloses a display panel and a display device, and relates to the technical field of display. The display panel comprises a substrate, a pixel defining layer, a plurality of light emitting units and a color filter layer. The second hollow area in the pixel defining layer and the third hollow area in the black matrix of the color filter layer form a first light inlet hole. Light enters from the side, away from the substrate, of the color filter layer and enters the first light inlet hole in at least one mode of total reflection, refraction and reflection. Therefore, the size of the first light inlet hole does not need to be designed to be large, the first light inlet hole can be prevented from being recognized by human eyes, the user experience is ensured, the ambient light can enter the first light inlet hole in at least one mode of total reflection, refraction and reflection, the light quantity of the light entering the ambient light sensor can be ensured, and the user experience is improved. Normal use of the ambient light sensor is ensured, and the reliability is high.

Description

Display panel and display device Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display panel and a display device. Background Art

[0002] The display panel includes a base substrate and pixel units located in a display area of ​​the base substrate, wherein the pixel units can emit light to realize display on the display panel.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a display panel and a display device, and the technical solutions are as follows:

[0005] In one aspect, a display panel is provided, comprising:

[0006] A base substrate having a display area;

[0007] a pixel defining layer, the pixel defining layer being located on one side of the base substrate and having a plurality of first hollow regions and a plurality of second hollow regions;

[0008] a plurality of light-emitting units corresponding to the plurality of first hollow areas, the plurality of light-emitting units being located in the display area, and a light-emitting area of ​​each light-emitting unit being located in the corresponding first hollow area;

[0009] a color filter layer located on a side of the plurality of light-emitting units away from the base substrate, the color filter layer comprising a plurality of color resist blocks corresponding to the plurality of light-emitting units, and a black matrix located between the plurality of color resist blocks, the orthographic projections of the color resist blocks on the base substrate covering the orthographic projections of the light-emitting areas of the light-emitting units on the base substrate, light emitted by the light-emitting units emerging from the corresponding color resist blocks, the black matrix comprising a plurality of third hollow areas corresponding to the plurality of second hollow areas, the orthographic projections of the third hollow areas on the base substrate overlapping the orthographic projections of the corresponding second hollow areas on the base substrate;

[0010] The second hollow area and the third hollow area constitute a first light inlet, and light is used to enter the first light inlet from the side of the color filter layer away from the base substrate through at least one of total reflection, refraction and reflection.

[0011] Optionally, the display panel further includes a second light inlet, the second light inlet including a fourth hollow area of ​​the pixel defining layer, and after light is incident from the third hollow area of ​​the first light inlet, it is incident on the fourth hollow area of ​​the second light inlet after undergoing at least two light modulations, the at least two light modulations including: at least one reflection and at most one total reflection;

[0012] Alternatively, the second light inlet includes the fifth hollow area of ​​the black matrix. After the light is incident from the fifth hollow area, it is modulated at least twice and then enters the second hollow area of ​​the first light inlet. The at least two light modulations include: one total reflection and one reflection.

[0013] Optionally, the second light entrance hole includes the fourth hollow area; and the display panel further includes:

[0014] a first dimming layer located between the plurality of light-emitting units and the color filter layer, the first dimming layer comprising: a plurality of first dimming patterns, wherein the orthographic projections of the first dimming patterns on the base substrate are located between the orthographic projections of the first light inlet and the second light inlet on the base substrate;

[0015] a second dimming layer located on a side of the first dimming layer away from the base substrate, the second dimming layer covering the plurality of first dimming patterns, and a refractive index of the second dimming layer greater than that of the first dimming layer;

[0016] and a first reflective layer, wherein the first reflective layer is located between the second dimming layer and the black matrix, and an orthographic projection of the first reflective layer on the base substrate covers an orthographic projection of the second light inlet hole on the base substrate;

[0017] Among them, after the light is incident from the third hollow area of ​​the first light input hole, it is totally reflected at the interface between the second dimming layer and the first dimming pattern. The light after total reflection is irradiated to the first reflective layer and reflected by the first reflective layer before being incident on the fourth hollow area of ​​the second light input hole.

[0018] Optionally, a side of the second dimming layer away from the base substrate has a first convex structure, and the first reflective layer is located on a side of the first convex structure away from the base substrate.

[0019] Optionally, the surface of the first protrusion structure away from the base substrate is a curved surface, a triangular surface or a trapezoidal surface.

[0020] Optionally, the first dimming layer further includes: a plurality of second dimming patterns, wherein the second dimming patterns are closer to the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting unit than the first dimming patterns, and the height of the first dimming pattern is smaller than the height of the second dimming pattern;

[0021] Part of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit is totally reflected by the interface between the second dimming pattern and the second dimming layer and then emitted from the corresponding color resist block.

[0022] Optionally, the second light inlet includes the fifth hollow area; the pixel defining layer has a second protruding structure on a side away from the base substrate, and an orthographic projection of the second protruding structure on the base substrate overlaps with an orthographic projection of the second light inlet on the base substrate;

[0023] The plurality of light-emitting units include a common cathode layer, the cathode layer is located on a side of the pixel defining layer away from the base substrate, and the cathode layer is located on a portion of the second protrusion structure away from the base substrate and is in a protruding state;

[0024] The display panel further includes: a second reflective layer, the second reflective layer being located between the black matrix and the cathode layer, and an orthographic projection of the second reflective layer on the base substrate being located between an orthographic projection of the first light inlet hole on the base substrate and an orthographic projection of the second light inlet hole on the base substrate;

[0025] The light enters the fifth hollow area of ​​the second light hole, is reflected by the cathode layer to the second reflective layer, and is reflected by the second reflective layer before entering the second hollow area of ​​the first light hole.

[0026] Optionally, the display panel further includes:

[0027] a third dimming layer located on a side of the color filter layer away from the base substrate, the third dimming layer comprising: a plurality of third dimming patterns, wherein the orthographic projection of each of the third dimming patterns on the base substrate covers the fifth hollow area of ​​the second light inlet;

[0028] a fourth dimming layer located on a side of the third dimming layer away from the base substrate, the fourth dimming layer covering the plurality of second dimming patterns, and a refractive index of the fourth dimming layer being smaller than a refractive index of the third dimming layer;

[0029] Among them, after the light is refracted by the interface between the fourth dimming layer and the third dimming pattern, it is incident from the fifth hollow area of ​​the second light input hole, and is reflected by the cathode layer to the second reflective layer, and is reflected by the second reflective layer and then incident to the second hollow area of ​​the first light input hole.

[0030] Optionally, the surface of the second protrusion structure away from the base substrate is a curved surface, a triangular surface or a trapezoidal surface;

[0031] The surface of the third dimming pattern away from the base substrate is a curved surface, a triangular surface or a trapezoidal surface.

[0032] Optionally, the central axis of the second protruding structure is farther away from the first light entrance hole than the central axis of the second light entrance hole.

[0033] Optionally, the second light inlet includes the fifth hollow area; the plurality of light-emitting units include a common cathode layer, and the cathode layer is located on a side of the pixel defining layer away from the base substrate; and the display panel further includes:

[0034] a fifth dimming layer located between the plurality of light-emitting units and the color filter layer, the fifth dimming layer comprising: a plurality of fourth dimming patterns, an orthographic projection of each of the fourth dimming patterns on the base substrate being located at least between an orthographic projection of the first light inlet hole on the base substrate and an orthographic projection of the second light inlet hole on the base substrate;

[0035] a sixth dimming layer located between the fifth dimming layer and the color filter layer, the sixth dimming layer covering the plurality of fourth dimming patterns, and a refractive index of the sixth dimming layer being smaller than a refractive index of the fifth dimming layer;

[0036] Among them, after the light is incident from the fifth hollow area of ​​the second light input hole, it is reflected by the cathode layer to the interface between the fourth dimming pattern and the sixth dimming layer, and is totally reflected by the interface before being incident to the second hollow area of ​​the first light input hole.

[0037] Optionally, the fifth dimming layer further includes: a plurality of fifth dimming patterns, wherein the orthographic projection of the fifth dimming pattern on the base substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the color resist block on the base substrate, and the slope angle of the side surface of the fifth dimming pattern is an acute angle;

[0038] Part of the light emitted by the light emitting unit is refracted by the side surface of the fifth dimming pattern and the interface between the sixth dimming layer and then emitted from the corresponding color resist block.

[0039] Optionally, the second light entrance hole is located on both sides of the first light entrance hole; or, the first light entrance hole is located on both sides of the second light entrance hole.

[0040] Optionally, in the case where the second light inlet is located on both sides of the first light inlet, the display panel includes two second light inlet holes located between two adjacent light emitting units, and the two second light inlet holes are located on both sides of the first light inlet; or,

[0041] The first light inlet hole and the second light inlet hole are both annular light inlet holes, and the orthographic projection of the second light inlet hole on the base substrate surrounds the orthographic projection of the first light inlet hole on the base substrate.

[0042] Optionally, in the case where the first light inlet is located on both sides of the second light inlet, the display panel includes two first light inlet holes located between two adjacent light emitting units, and the two first light inlet holes are located on both sides of the second light inlet; or

[0043] The first light inlet hole is an annular light inlet hole, and the orthographic projection of the first light inlet hole on the base substrate surrounds the orthographic projection of the second light inlet hole on the base substrate.

[0044] Optionally, the display panel further includes:

[0045] a seventh dimming layer located between the plurality of light-emitting units and the black matrix, the seventh dimming layer comprising a plurality of sixth dimming patterns, wherein the orthographic projections of the sixth dimming patterns on the base substrate are located on one side of the orthographic projection of the first light inlet on the base substrate;

[0046] an eighth dimming layer located on a side of the seventh dimming layer away from the base substrate, the eighth dimming layer covering the plurality of sixth dimming patterns, and a refractive index of the eighth dimming layer being greater than a refractive index of the seventh dimming layer;

[0047] Among them, after the light is incident from the third hollow area of ​​the first light hole, it is totally reflected at the interface between the eighth dimming layer and the sixth dimming pattern, and the light after total reflection is incident to the second hollow area of ​​the first light hole.

[0048] Optionally, the seventh dimming layer further includes: a plurality of seventh dimming patterns, wherein the seventh dimming patterns are closer to the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting unit than the sixth dimming pattern, and the slope angle of the side surface of the seventh dimming pattern is smaller than the slope angle of the side surface of the sixth dimming pattern;

[0049] Part of the light emitted by the light emitting unit is refracted by the side surface of the seventh dimming pattern and the interface between the eighth dimming layer and then emitted from the corresponding color resist block.

[0050] Optionally, the slope angle of the side surface of the seventh dimming pattern ranges from 40 degrees to 70 degrees, and the slope angle of the side surface of the sixth dimming pattern ranges from 80 degrees to 135 degrees.

[0051] Optionally, the display panel further includes: a ninth dimming layer located on a side of the black matrix away from the base substrate, the ninth dimming layer including a plurality of eighth dimming patterns, an orthographic projection of each of the eighth dimming patterns on the base substrate being located within an orthographic projection of the black matrix on the base substrate;

[0052] The orthographic projection of the color resist block on the base substrate covers the side surface of the eighth dimming pattern close to the first light inlet hole, and the refractive index of the color resist block is greater than the refractive index of the ninth dimming layer;

[0053] The display panel further includes: a tenth dimming layer located on a side of the color filter layer away from the base substrate, the tenth dimming layer covering the first light inlet hole;

[0054] an encapsulation film layer located between the plurality of light-emitting units and the color filter layer, wherein a portion of the encapsulation film layer away from the base substrate has a refractive index greater than a refractive index of the tenth dimming layer;

[0055] Among them, after the light is totally reflected by the interface between the color block and the side of the eighth dimming pattern, it is irradiated to the interface between the tenth dimming layer and the packaging film layer located in the third hollow area of ​​the first light input hole, and is refracted at the interface and then incident on the second hollow area of ​​the first light input hole.

[0056] On the other hand, a display device is provided, characterized in that the display device comprises: a plurality of ambient light sensors and the display panel described in the above aspect;

[0057] The orthographic projection of the ambient light sensor on the substrate of the display panel is located within the orthographic projection of the first light inlet on the substrate, and the ambient light sensor is used to receive or reflect light from the side of the color filter layer in the display panel away from the substrate through the first light inlet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0059] FIG1 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display panel in the related art;

[0060] FIG2 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another display panel in the related art;

[0061] FIG3 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another display panel in the related art;

[0062] FIG4 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] FIG5 is a partial top view of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] FIG6 is a partial top view of a pixel definition layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] FIG7 is a partial top view of a black matrix provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG8 is a partial top view of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] FIG9 is a partial top view of another pixel defining layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] FIG10 is a partial top view of another black matrix provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] FIG11 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] FIG12 is a partial top view of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] FIG13 is a partial top view of another pixel defining layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] FIG14 is a partial top view of another black matrix provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] FIG15 is a partial top view of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] FIG16 is a partial top view of another pixel defining layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0075] FIG17 is a partial top view of another black matrix provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] FIG18 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] FIG19 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] FIG20 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0079] FIG21 is a partial top view of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] FIG22 is a partial top view of another pixel defining layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0081] FIG23 is a partial top view of another black matrix provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0082] FIG24 is a partial top view of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0083] FIG25 is a partial top view of another pixel defining layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0084] FIG26 is a partial top view of another black matrix provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0085] FIG27 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0086] FIG28 is a partial top view of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0087] FIG29 is a partial top view of another pixel defining layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0088] FIG30 is a partial top view of another black matrix provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0089] FIG31 is a partial top view of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] FIG32 is a partial top view of another pixel defining layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0091] FIG33 is a partial top view of another black matrix provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0092] FIG34 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0093] FIG35 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0094] FIG36 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0095] FIG37 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0096] FIG38 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0097] FIG39 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0098] FIG40 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0099] FIG41 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0100] FIG42 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0101] FIG43 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0102] FIG44 is a schematic diagram of a triangular surface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0103] FIG45 is a schematic diagram of an arc-shaped surface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0104] Figure 46 is a structural schematic diagram of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0105] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the implementation methods of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0106] In related technologies, to improve the transmittance of display panels and make them thinner, a solution without a polarizer (POL) is adopted. For example, this is achieved by replacing the polarizer located above the pixel unit in the display panel with a color filter on encapsulation (COE). Furthermore, the display device may include an ambient light sensor located on the non-display surface of the display panel. This ambient light sensor needs to receive and reflect ambient light to function properly.

[0107] However, the solutions in the prior art are difficult to ensure normal use of the ambient light sensor while guaranteeing user experience, and have poor reliability.

[0108] In the related art, the electrodes in an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel reflect ambient light. When the ambient light intensity is strong, the display effect and contrast of the display panel will be greatly reduced due to the effect of the light reflected by the electrodes, making it difficult for users to see the image on the display panel clearly.

[0109] In order to solve the above problems, Figure 1 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display panel in the related art. Referring to Figure 1, a polarizer is designed in the display panel, and the polarizer is used to change the direction of light. When the ambient light passes through the polarizer and the 1 / 4 wave plate, it will be modulated into circularly polarized light. The circularly polarized light is reflected by the electrode in the display panel and its direction is changed. After passing through the 1 / 4 wave plate, it will be modulated into linearly polarized light with a direction opposite to the polarization direction of the polarizer. Since the linearly polarized light cannot pass through the polarizer, the reflection effect of the electrode (such as the cathode layer 1031) on the ambient light is reduced. The addition of the polarizer means better contrast and color cast performance, but it will reduce the luminous efficiency, the transmittance is low, and the display panel is thicker.

[0110] Furthermore, to improve the transmittance of the display panel and make it thinner, referring to Figure 2, the display panel does not include a polarizer. Instead, a color filter layer (COE) is used to reduce ambient light reflection. The color filter layer (COE) includes multiple color blocks corresponding to the light-emitting units and a black matrix (BM) located between the multiple color blocks. The black matrix can be a light-absorbing material independent of the color blocks, or it can be an equivalent black matrix formed by stacking at least two different colored color blocks. In the solution shown in Figure 2, the black matrix has a strong light-absorbing effect. The color blocks can filter out light of a specific color. When ambient light passes through the color blocks, light of the corresponding color is transmitted. Light that strikes the electrodes of the display panel can be reflected. During the reflection process, some of the light is absorbed by the black matrix, while the remaining light passes through the color blocks and is reflected to the outside world. Furthermore, to further improve light absorption, the pixel definition layer (BPDL) in the display panel is configured as a black light-absorbing material. When light strikes the pixel definition layer, it is absorbed by the pixel definition layer.

[0111] Referring to Figure 3, in a display panel designed with COE, it is necessary to design openings for light transmission (which can be called sensor holes) on the black matrix and pixel definition layer. The ambient light sensor located on the lower side of the substrate receives and reflects external ambient light through the openings, thereby realizing the function of the under-screen ambient light sensor.

[0112] However, a larger sensor hole size increases ambient light transmittance, which is beneficial for the under-display ambient light sensor. However, it also makes it easier for the naked eye to detect, resulting in a poor user experience. A smaller sensor hole size results in insufficient ambient light transmittance, making it unsuitable for normal use of the ambient light sensor.

[0113] FIG4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG4 , the display panel 10 includes: a base substrate 101 , a pixel defining layer 102 , a plurality of light emitting units 103 , and a color filter layer 104 .

[0114] The base substrate 101 has a display area, and a pixel defining layer 102 is located on one side of the base substrate 101. The pixel defining layer 102 has multiple first hollow areas 102a and multiple second hollow areas 102b. Multiple light-emitting units 103 correspond to the multiple first hollow areas 102a. The multiple light-emitting units 103 are located in the display area, and the light-emitting area of ​​each light-emitting unit 103 is located within the corresponding first hollow area 102a.

[0115] The color filter layer 104 is located on a side of the plurality of light-emitting units 103 away from the base substrate 101. The color filter layer 104 includes a plurality of color resist blocks 1041 corresponding to the plurality of light-emitting units 103, and a black matrix 1042 located between the plurality of color resist blocks 1041. The orthographic projections of the color resist blocks 1041 on the base substrate 101 overlap the orthographic projections of the light-emitting areas of the light-emitting units 103 on the base substrate 101, and light emitted by the light-emitting units 103 is emitted from the corresponding color resist blocks 1041. The black matrix 1042 includes a plurality of third hollow regions 1042a corresponding to the plurality of second hollow regions 102b. The orthographic projections of the third hollow regions 1042a on the base substrate 101 overlap with the orthographic projections of the corresponding second hollow regions 102b on the base substrate 101. The second hollow regions 102b and the third hollow regions 1042a can form a first light inlet K1 (sensor hole).

[0116] Typically, the ambient light sensor is located on the side of the base substrate 101 away from the color filter layer 104. Ambient light can enter from the side of the color filter layer 104 away from the base substrate 101 and enter the first light inlet K1 through at least one of total internal reflection, refraction, and reflection. For example, the ambient light sensor can ultimately enter the second hollowed-out area 102b of the first light inlet K1 on the side away from the base substrate 101, allowing the ambient light sensor to receive or reflect ambient light, ensuring the function of the ambient light sensor. Referring to Figure 4, ambient light can enter from the side of the color filter layer 104 away from the base substrate 101 and enter the first light inlet K1 after undergoing total internal reflection and reflection.

[0117] Moreover, since the light can enter the first light hole K1 through at least one of total reflection, refraction and reflection after entering, even if the size of the first light hole K1 is small, the amount of light incident on the ambient light sensor can be guaranteed, thereby ensuring the normal use of the ambient light sensor.

[0118] In summary, an embodiment of the present application provides a display panel, which includes a base substrate, a pixel defining layer, a plurality of light-emitting units, and a color filter layer. The second hollow area in the pixel defining layer and the third hollow area in the black matrix of the color filter layer constitute a first light inlet. Light is incident from the side of the color filter layer away from the base substrate, and is incident on the first light inlet through at least one of total reflection, refraction, and reflection. As a result, there is no need to design the size of the first light inlet to be larger, which can prevent the first light inlet from being recognized by the human eye, ensuring user experience, and allowing ambient light to be incident on the first light inlet through at least one of total reflection, refraction, and reflection, thereby ensuring the amount of light incident on the ambient light sensor, ensuring the normal use of the ambient light sensor, and having high reliability.

[0119] In the embodiment of the present application, if the angle of light incident from the third hollow area 1042a of the first light input hole K1 is relatively small, it may not undergo total internal reflection, refraction, or reflection, but may instead be directly incident on the second hollow area 102b of the first light input hole K1. The relatively small angle of the incident light may mean that the angle between the direction of the incident light and the direction perpendicular to the supporting surface of the substrate is within ±10°.

[0120] In the embodiment of the present application, the plurality of light-emitting units 103 include a red (R) light-emitting unit, a green (G) light-emitting unit, and a blue (B) light-emitting unit. The plurality of color resist blocks 1041 include a red color resist block, a green color resist block, and a blue color resist block. The orthographic projection of the red color resist block on the base substrate 101 covers the red light-emitting unit, the orthographic projection of the green color resist block on the base substrate 101 covers the green light-emitting unit, and the orthographic projection of the blue color resist block on the base substrate 101 covers the blue light-emitting unit. Optionally, the color resist blocks may be made of resin.

[0121] As a first optional implementation, referring to FIG. 4 , the display panel 10 further includes a second light inlet K2, which includes a fourth hollowed-out area 102c of the pixel-defining layer 102. After light enters the third hollowed-out area 1042a of the first light inlet K1, it undergoes at least two light modulations before entering the fourth hollowed-out area 102c of the second light inlet K2. The at least two light modulations include at least one reflection and at most one total reflection. Optionally, the two light modulations can include two scenarios: 1. one reflection and one total reflection; 2. two reflections. Regarding the first implementation, the present application embodiment is described below using Scheme 1.

[0122] In the first embodiment, referring to FIG4 , the display panel 10 further includes a first dimming layer 105 , a second dimming layer 106 , and a first reflective layer 107 . The first dimming layer 105 is located between the plurality of light-emitting units 103 and the color filter layer 104 . The second dimming layer 106 is located on a side of the first dimming layer 105 away from the base substrate 101 . The first reflective layer 107 is located between the second dimming layer 106 and the black matrix 1042 .

[0123] The first dimming layer 105 includes: a plurality of first dimming patterns 1051, wherein the orthographic projection of each first dimming pattern 1051 on the substrate 101 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the first light inlet K1 and the orthographic projection of the second light inlet K2 on the substrate 101. For example, the orthographic projection of the first dimming pattern 1051 on the substrate 101 is located between the orthographic projection of the first light inlet K1 and the orthographic projection of the second light inlet K2 on the substrate 101. The second dimming layer 106 covers the plurality of first dimming patterns 1051, and the refractive index of the second dimming layer 106 is greater than the refractive index of the first dimming layer 105. The orthographic projection of the first reflective layer 107 on the substrate 101 covers the orthographic projection of the second light inlet K2 on the substrate 101.

[0124] In the embodiment of the present application, when light is incident from the side of the color filter layer 104 away from the base substrate 101, it can be incident from the third hollow area 1042a of the first light input hole K1, then first enter the second dimming layer 106, and then undergo total internal reflection at the interface between the second dimming layer 106 and the first dimming pattern 1051 (light is incident from a denser medium to an optically less dense medium, and total internal reflection occurs when the incident angle is greater than the critical angle). The totally reflected light can then illuminate the first reflective layer 107. The first reflective layer 107 can be used to reflect light, and the reflected light can be incident on the fourth hollow area 102c of the second light input hole K2.

[0125] That is, through the above-mentioned design, the embodiment of the present application does not need to design the size of the first light inlet K1 to be larger, but can allow the light with a large viewing angle incident from the third hollow area 1042a to enter the ambient light sensor from the fourth hollow area 102c of the second light inlet K2, thereby increasing the amount of light incident on the ambient light sensor and ensuring the normal use of the ambient light sensor.

[0126] Furthermore, since the second light inlet K2 in the display panel 10 only includes the fourth hollowed-out area 102c located in the pixel defining layer 102, and the portion of the black matrix 1042 corresponding to the fourth hollowed-out area 102c is not hollowed out, only the first light inlet K1 is visible to the naked eye in the embodiment of the present application. However, the size of the first light inlet K1 can be designed to be smaller, making it less visible to the naked eye and providing a better user experience.

[0127] Optionally, the second dimming layer 106 has a first protruding structure 1061 on a side away from the base substrate 101, and the first reflective layer 107 is away from the side of the first protruding structure 1061 away from the base substrate 101. Providing the first protruding structure 1061 facilitates the first reflective layer 107 to reflect light toward the fourth hollow region 102c. The second dimming layer 106 can be fabricated using a half-tone mask (HTM), so that the first protruding structure 1061 is provided on the side of the second dimming layer 106 away from the base substrate 101.

[0128] 4 , the surface of the first protruding structure 1061 away from the base substrate 101 may be a triangular surface. Alternatively, the surface of the first protruding structure 1061 away from the base substrate 101 may be a curved surface or a trapezoidal surface. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the shape of the surface of the first protruding structure 1061 away from the base substrate 101.

[0129] Optionally, the slope angle of the first protrusion structure 1061 may range from 40 degrees to 65 degrees. The slope angle of the first protrusion structure 1061 may refer to the angle between the side surface of the first protrusion structure 1061 and the surface of the first protrusion structure 1061 close to the substrate 101 .

[0130] In an embodiment of the present application, assuming that the display panel 10 includes a touch substrate, the touch substrate includes a first electrode layer, an insulating layer, and a second electrode layer stacked in a direction away from the base substrate 101, then the first reflective layer 107 can be prepared in the same layer as one of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, thereby saving one process and improving production efficiency. In other words, the first reflective layer 107 and one of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are based on the same material and prepared using the same production process. For example, the first reflective layer 107 and the second electrode layer are based on the same material and prepared using the same production process. Optionally, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer can serve as touch wiring layers in the touch substrate to implement touch functionality.

[0131] Optionally, since the primary function of the first reflective layer 107 is to reflect light, a material with a high reflectivity can be selected for the first reflective layer 107. For example, the material of the first reflective layer 107 can be silver (Ag), or a triple-layer alloy of titanium (Ti) / aluminum (Al) / titanium.

[0132] In the embodiment of the present application, referring to FIG4 , the first light inlet K1 can be located on either side of the second light inlet K2. For example, referring to FIG5 to FIG7 , the display panel 10 includes two first light inlet holes K1 located between two adjacent light-emitting units 103, and the two first light inlet holes K1 are located on either side of the second light inlet K2. Alternatively, referring to FIG8 to FIG10 , the first light inlet K1 is an annular light inlet, and the orthographic projection of the first light inlet K1 on the base substrate 101 surrounds the orthographic projection of the second light inlet K2 on the base substrate 101.

[0133] Alternatively, referring to FIG11 , the second light inlet holes K2 may be located on either side of the first light inlet hole K1. For example, referring to FIG12 to FIG14 , the display panel 10 includes two second light inlet holes K2 located between two adjacent light emitting units 103, and the two second light inlet holes K2 are located on either side of the first light inlet hole K1. Alternatively, referring to FIG15 to FIG17 , the second light inlet hole K2 is an annular light inlet hole, and the orthographic projection of the second light inlet hole K2 on the base substrate 101 surrounds the orthographic projection of the first light inlet hole K1 on the base substrate 101.

[0134] The annular light inlet hole may be any one of a circular annular light inlet hole, a square annular light inlet hole, a polygonal annular light inlet hole and a wavy annular light inlet hole.

[0135] 4 to 17 , the pixel defining layer 102 is provided with a first hollow region 102a, a second hollow region 102b, and a fourth hollow region 102c, and the black matrix 1042 is provided with a third hollow region 1042a. The orthographic projection of the first hollow region 102a on the base substrate 101 is located within the orthographic projection of the color resist block 1041 on the base substrate 101. The second hollow region 102b and the third hollow region 1042a form a first light inlet K1, and the fourth hollow region 102c forms a second light inlet K2.

[0136] 4 and 11 , the first dimming layer 105 further includes a plurality of second dimming patterns 1052. The second dimming patterns 1052 are closer to the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting unit 103 than the first dimming patterns 1051. Light emitted by the light-emitting unit 103 first enters the second dimming layer 106 before being irradiated by the interface between the second dimming pattern 1052 and the second dimming layer 106 (light entering from a denser medium into a less dense medium). Some light (light with an incident angle greater than the critical angle) is totally reflected by the interface between the second dimming pattern 1052 and the second dimming layer 106 and then emitted from the corresponding color resist block 1041.

[0137] Optionally, the plurality of second dimming patterns 1052 and the plurality of first dimming patterns 1051 can be produced using the same patterning process. For example, a dimming film can be first formed, and then patterned using a mask to produce the plurality of second dimming patterns 1052 and the plurality of first dimming patterns 1051.

[0138] It can be seen from the above process that the function of the first dimming pattern 1051 (total reflection of external ambient light) and the function of the second dimming pattern 1052 (total reflection of light emitted by the light-emitting unit 103) are different. Therefore, in order to better realize their respective functions, the first dimming pattern 1051 and the second dimming pattern 1052 can be processed differently.

[0139] Optionally, referring to Figures 18 and 19, the height of the first dimming pattern 1051 can be smaller than the height of the second dimming pattern 1052. This can increase the angular range of available oblique-angle light and achieve a better anti-reflection effect. For example, the height of the first dimming pattern 1051 can be half the height of the second dimming pattern 1052.

[0140] Since the first dimming pattern 1051 and the second dimming pattern 1052 have different heights, a half-tone mask can be used to pattern the dimming film. This allows multiple first dimming patterns 1051 and multiple second dimming patterns 1052 to be produced using the same manufacturing process, saving one process and improving manufacturing efficiency.

[0141] In the embodiment of the present application, the first dimming pattern 1051 is the plane of the first dimming pattern 1051 away from the base substrate 101 that has a total reflection effect on the external ambient light, so the slope angle of the first dimming pattern 1051 has no effect on the total reflection. In addition, the second dimming pattern 1052 is the inclined surface of the second dimming pattern 1052 that has a total reflection effect on the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 103, so the slope angle of the second dimming pattern 1052 needs to be specially designed. For example, the slope angle of the second dimming pattern 1052 ranges from 40 degrees to 70 degrees. In order to facilitate preparation, the slope angle of the first dimming pattern 1051 and the slope angle of the second dimming pattern 1052 can be equal.

[0142] In the embodiment of the present application, the first dimming layer 105, the second dimming layer 106, and the protective layer M located on the side of the color filter layer away from the base substrate 101 can all be adhesive layers (OC). Different refractive indices are achieved by doping different adhesive layers with doping materials of different concentrations or different materials.

[0143] Optionally, the refractive index of the first dimming layer 105 and the refractive index of the protective layer M may be in a range of 1.47 to 1.5, and the refractive index of the second dimming layer 106 may be greater than 1.6.

[0144] As a second optional implementation, referring to FIG. 20 , the display panel 10 further includes a second light inlet K2, which includes the fifth hollow region 1042b of the black matrix 1042. Light entering through the fifth hollow region 1042b of the second light inlet K2 undergoes at least two light modulations before entering the second hollow region 102b of the first light inlet K1. The two light modulations include one total internal reflection and one reflection. Regarding this second implementation, the present application will be described in the following embodiments, namely, Scheme 2 and Scheme 3.

[0145] Option 2, referring to FIG20 , the pixel defining layer 102 has a second protruding structure 1021 on the side away from the base substrate 101 , and the orthographic projection of the second protruding structure 1021 on the base substrate 101 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second light hole K2 on the base substrate 101 .

[0146] The multiple light-emitting units 103 include a shared cathode layer 1031, which is located on the side of the pixel-defining layer 102 away from the substrate 101. The cathode layer 1031 is located on a portion of the second protrusion structure 1021 away from the substrate 101 and is raised. The multiple light-emitting units 103 also include an anode layer 1032 and a light-emitting layer (EL) 1033. The anode layer 1032 includes multiple anode patterns, and the light-emitting layer 1033 includes multiple light-emitting patterns corresponding to the multiple anode patterns. Each light-emitting unit 103 includes an anode pattern, a corresponding light-emitting pattern, and the cathode layer 1031.

[0147] The display panel also includes a second reflective layer 108, which is located between the black matrix 1042 and the cathode layer 1031. The orthographic projection of the second reflective layer 108 on the base substrate 101 is located between the orthographic projection of the first light inlet K1 on the base substrate 101 and the orthographic projection of the second light inlet K2 on the base substrate 101.

[0148] In the embodiment of the present application, when light is incident from the side of the color filter layer 104 away from the base substrate 101, it can be incident from the fifth hollow region 1042b of the second light input hole K2, and then reflected by the raised portion of the cathode layer 1031 (the cathode layer 1031 is made of a metal material, which has reflective properties). The reflected light can then illuminate the second reflective layer 108. The second reflective layer 108 can be used to reflect light, and the reflected light can be incident on the second hollow region 102b of the first light input hole K1.

[0149] That is, through the above-mentioned design, the embodiment of the present application does not need to design the size of the first light entrance hole K1 to be larger, but can make the light with a large viewing angle incident from the fifth hollow area 1042b enter the ambient light sensor from the second hollow area 102b of the first light entrance hole K1, thereby increasing the amount of light incident on the ambient light sensor and ensuring the normal use of the ambient light sensor.

[0150] Furthermore, since the second light inlet K2 in the display panel only includes the fifth hollowed-out area 1042b located in the black matrix 1042, and the position corresponding to the fifth hollowed-out area 1042b in the pixel defining layer 102 is not hollowed out, only the first light inlet K1 is visible to the naked eye in the embodiment of the present application. However, the size of the first light inlet K1 can be designed to be smaller, making it less visible to the naked eye and providing a better user experience.

[0151] Optionally, referring to FIG20 , the surface of the second protruding structure 1021 away from the base substrate 101 may be a trapezoidal surface. Alternatively, the surface of the second protruding structure 1021 away from the base substrate 101 may be a curved surface or a triangular surface. This embodiment of the application does not limit the shape of the surface of the second protruding structure 1021 away from the base substrate 101.

[0152] It should be noted that, since the cathode layer 1031 is generally thin, in order to prevent the second protruding structure 1021 from piercing the cathode layer 1031 , the surface of the second protruding structure 1021 away from the base substrate 101 may preferably be a trapezoidal surface or an arc surface.

[0153] Optionally, the height of the second protrusion structure 1021 may range from 0.5 μm to 1.5 μm, and the slope angle may range from 40 degrees to 65 degrees. For a trapezoidal surface, the width of the plane of the second protrusion structure 1021 away from the base substrate 101 may range from 0.5 μm to 2 μm. The slope angle of the second protrusion structure 1021 may refer to the angle between the side surface of the second protrusion structure 1021 and the surface of the second protrusion structure 1021 close to the base substrate 101.

[0154] In an embodiment of the present application, assuming that the display panel 10 includes a touch substrate, the touch substrate includes a first electrode layer, an insulating layer, and a second electrode layer stacked in a direction away from the base substrate 101, then the second reflective layer 108 can be prepared in the same layer as the first electrode layer and one of the second electrode layers, thereby saving one process and improving production efficiency. In other words, the first reflective layer 107 and one of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are based on the same material and prepared using the same production process. For example, the first reflective layer 107 and the second electrode layer are based on the same material and prepared using the same production process. Optionally, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer can serve as touch wiring layers in the touch substrate to implement touch functionality.

[0155] Optionally, since the main function of the second reflective layer 108 is to reflect light, the material of the second reflective layer 108 can be a material with a high reflectivity. For example, the material of the second reflective layer 108 can be silver (Ag), or a triple-layer alloy such as titanium (Ti) / aluminum (Al) / titanium.

[0156] In the embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 20 , the first light inlet K1 can be located on either side of the second light inlet K2. In this case, the central axis of the second protruding structure 1021 can overlap with the central axis of the fifth hollow region 1042b of the second light inlet K2. This allows light incident from the fifth hollow region 1042b to be evenly reflected twice and then enter the two first light inlet K1, improving light uniformity.

[0157] For example, referring to Figures 21 to 23 , the display panel 10 includes two first light inlet holes K1 located between two adjacent light-emitting units 103, and the two first light inlet holes K1 are located on either side of the second light inlet hole K2. Alternatively, referring to Figures 24 to 26 , the first light inlet hole K1 is an annular light inlet hole, and the orthographic projection of the first light inlet hole K1 on the base substrate 101 surrounds the orthographic projection of the second light inlet hole K2 on the base substrate 101.

[0158] Alternatively, referring to Figure 27 , the second light inlet K2 can be located on either side of the first light inlet K1. Since the cathode layer 1031 primarily reflects light above the side surfaces of the second raised structure 1021, the sides of the second raised structure 1021 can be positioned below the second light inlet K2 to better reflect light. In other words, in this case, the central axis of the second raised structure 1021 is positioned just away from the central axis of the second light inlet K2. For example, if the second light inlet K2 is located to the left of the first light inlet K1, the central axis of the second raised structure 1021 can be offset to the left relative to the central axis of the second light inlet K2.

[0159] Optionally, a distance d1 between a central axis of the second protruding structure 1021 and a central axis of the second light-entry hole K2 ranges from 1 μm to 3 μm.

[0160] For example, referring to Figures 28 to 30 , the display panel 10 includes two second light inlet holes K2 located between two adjacent light-emitting units 103, and the two second light inlet holes K2 are located on both sides of the first light inlet hole K1. Alternatively, referring to Figures 31 to 33 , the second light inlet hole K2 is annular, and the orthographic projection of the second light inlet hole K2 on the base substrate 101 surrounds the orthographic projection of the first light inlet hole K1 on the base substrate 101.

[0161] The annular light inlet hole may be any one of a circular annular light inlet hole, a square annular light inlet hole, a polygonal annular light inlet hole and a wavy annular light inlet hole.

[0162] In the embodiment of the present application, referring to Figures 34 and 35 , the display panel 10 further includes a third dimming layer 109 and a fourth dimming layer 110. The third dimming layer 109 is located on a side of the color filter layer 104 away from the base substrate 101, and the fourth dimming layer 110 is located on a side of the third dimming layer 109 away from the base substrate 101.

[0163] The third dimming layer 109 includes a plurality of third dimming patterns (lenses) 1091. The orthographic projection of each third dimming pattern 1091 on the base substrate 101 covers the fifth hollow region 1042b of the second light input hole K2. The fourth dimming layer 110 covers the plurality of second dimming patterns 1052. The refractive index of the fourth dimming layer 110 is lower than that of the third dimming layer 109.

[0164] In the embodiment of the present application, when incident, light first enters the fourth dimming layer 110, then undergoes refraction at the interface between the fourth dimming layer 110 and the third dimming pattern 1091 (light refracts when it enters a denser medium from a less optically dense medium). The refracted light can enter the fifth hollow region 1042b of the second light input hole K2. The incident light can be reflected by the convex portion of the cathode layer 1031 to the second reflective layer 108, and then reflected by the second reflective layer 108 before entering the second hollow region 102b of the first light input hole K1.

[0165] Since the light is first refracted and then incident from the fifth hollow area 1042b, ambient light at a larger angle (for example, the angle between the direction perpendicular to the supporting surface of the substrate is within ±60°) can be utilized to further increase the amount of light entering the under-screen ambient light sensor.

[0166] Optionally, referring to Figures 34 and 35 , the surface of the third dimming pattern 1091 away from the base substrate 101 is a curved surface. Alternatively, referring to Figures 36 and 37 , the surface of the third dimming pattern 1091 away from the base substrate 101 is a triangular surface. Alternatively, the surface of the third dimming pattern 1091 away from the base substrate 101 is a trapezoidal surface.

[0167] In the embodiment of the present application, the materials of the third dimming layer 109 and the fourth dimming layer 110 (protective layer M) may be adhesive layers, and different refractive indices are achieved by doping different adhesive layers with doping materials of different concentrations or different materials.

[0168] Optionally, the refractive index of the fourth dimming layer 110 may be in a range of 1.47 to 1.5. The refractive index of the third dimming layer 109 may be in a range of 1.6 to 1.8, for example, 1.65.

[0169] In the third embodiment, referring to FIG38 , multiple light-emitting units 103 include a shared cathode layer 1031. Cathode layer 1031 is located on the side of the pixel defining layer 102 away from the substrate 101. Cathode layer 1031 is located in a raised position on a portion of the second raised structure 1021 away from the substrate 101. The multiple light-emitting units 103 also include an anode layer 1032 and a light-emitting layer 1033. Anode layer 1032 includes multiple anode patterns, and light-emitting layer 1033 includes multiple light-emitting patterns corresponding to the multiple anode patterns. Each light-emitting unit 103 includes an anode pattern, a corresponding light-emitting pattern, and cathode layer 1031.

[0170] The display panel 10 further includes a fifth dimming layer 111 and a sixth dimming layer 112 . The fifth dimming layer 111 is located between the plurality of light-emitting units 103 and the color filter layer 104 , and the sixth dimming layer 112 is located between the fifth dimming layer 111 and the color filter layer 104 .

[0171] The fifth dimming layer 111 includes a plurality of fourth dimming patterns 1111. The orthographic projection of each fourth dimming pattern 1111 on the substrate 101 is at least between the orthographic projection of the first light input hole K1 on the substrate 101 and the orthographic projection of the second light input hole K2 on the substrate 101. For example, in FIG38 , the orthographic projection of the fourth dimming pattern 1111 on the substrate 101 also overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second light input hole K2 on the substrate 101. The sixth dimming layer 112 covers the plurality of fourth dimming patterns 1111, and the refractive index of the sixth dimming layer 112 is lower than that of the fifth dimming layer 111.

[0172] In the embodiment of the present application, when light is incident from the side of the color filter layer 104 away from the base substrate 101, it can be incident from the fifth hollow area 1042b of the second light input hole K2, and then pass through the sixth dimming layer 112 and be reflected by the cathode layer 1031 to the interface between the fourth dimming pattern 1111 and the sixth dimming layer 112, and be totally reflected by the interface (light is incident from a denser medium to a less dense medium, and total reflection occurs when the incident angle is greater than the critical angle) and then enter the second hollow area 102b of the first light input hole K1.

[0173] That is, through the above-mentioned design, the embodiment of the present application does not need to design the size of the first light entrance hole K1 to be larger, but can make the light with a large viewing angle incident from the fifth hollow area 1042b enter the ambient light sensor from the second hollow area 102b of the first light entrance hole K1, thereby increasing the amount of light incident on the ambient light sensor and ensuring the normal use of the ambient light sensor.

[0174] Furthermore, since the second light inlet K2 in the display panel only includes the fifth hollowed-out area 1042b located in the black matrix 1042, and the position corresponding to the fifth hollowed-out area 1042b in the pixel defining layer 102 is not hollowed out, only the first light inlet K1 is visible to the naked eye in the embodiment of the present application. However, the size of the first light inlet K1 can be designed to be smaller, making it less visible to the naked eye and providing a better user experience.

[0175] In an embodiment of the present application, with reference to FIG38 , the first light inlet K1 may be located on both sides of the second light inlet K2. For example, with reference to FIG21 to FIG23 , the display panel 10 includes two first light inlets K1 and two second light inlets K2 located between two adjacent light emitting units 103, and the two first light inlets K1 are located on both sides of the two second light inlets K2. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of second light inlets K2 provided between the two first light inlets. Alternatively, with reference to FIG24 to FIG26 , both the first light inlet K1 and the second light inlet K2 are annular light inlets, and the orthographic projection of the first light inlet K1 on the base substrate 101 surrounds the orthographic projection of the second light inlet K2 on the base substrate 101.

[0176] Furthermore, referring to FIG39 , the two second light inlet holes K2 can be combined into one large second light inlet hole K2, which can further improve the utilization rate of ambient light. However, such a design may have a certain impact on the reflectivity of the display panel.

[0177] Alternatively, referring to FIG40 , the second light inlet holes K2 may be located on either side of the first light inlet hole K1. For example, referring to FIG28 to FIG30 , the display panel 10 includes two second light inlet holes K2 located between two adjacent light emitting units 103, and the two second light inlet holes K2 are located on either side of the first light inlet hole K1. Alternatively, referring to FIG31 to FIG33 , the second light inlet hole K2 is an annular light inlet hole, and the orthographic projection of the second light inlet hole K2 on the base substrate 101 surrounds the orthographic projection of the first light inlet hole K1 on the base substrate 101.

[0178] The annular light inlet hole may be any one of a circular annular light inlet hole, a square annular light inlet hole, a polygonal annular light inlet hole and a wavy annular light inlet hole.

[0179] To reduce the absorption of ambient light by the fifth dimming layer 111 and further increase the amount of ambient light entering, the fourth dimming pattern 1111 corresponding to the portion below the fifth hollowed-out region 1042b of the second light input hole K2 can be hollowed out, leaving only the portion for total reflection. For example, referring to FIG. 40 , the orthographic projection of the fourth dimming pattern 1111 on the base substrate 101 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the second light input hole K2 on the base substrate 101, and does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the first light input hole K1 on the base substrate 101.

[0180] In the embodiment of the present application, referring to Figures 38 to 40, the fifth dimming layer 111 further includes: a plurality of fifth dimming patterns 1112. The orthographic projections of the fifth dimming patterns 1112 on the base substrate 101 are located within the orthographic projections of the color resist blocks 1041 on the base substrate 101. The slope angles of the sides of the fifth dimming patterns 1112 are acute angles. For example, the slope angles of the fifth dimming patterns 1112 can range from 40 degrees to 65 degrees. The slope angle of the fifth dimming patterns 1112 can refer to the angle between the sides of the fifth dimming patterns 1112 and the surface of the fifth dimming patterns 1112 close to the base substrate 101.

[0181] The embodiment of the present application performs simulation tests on the display panel shown in FIG3 and the display panel shown in FIG38 , and obtains the test results shown in Table 1 below.

[0182] Table 1

[0183] As can be seen from Table 1 above, the transmittance of the light hole in Figure 38 is increased compared to Figure 3, and the reflectivity of the display panel is not significantly affected. This not only ensures the amount of light entering the ambient light sensor, but also has little impact on the display panel.

[0184] In the embodiment of the present application, the fifth dimming layer 111, the sixth dimming layer 112, and the protective layer M located on the side of the color filter layer away from the base substrate 101 can all be adhesive layers, and different refractive indices are achieved by doping different adhesive layers with doping materials of different concentrations or different materials.

[0185] Optionally, the refractive index of the sixth dimming layer 112 and the refractive index of the protective layer M may be in a range of 1.47 to 1.5, and the refractive index of the fifth dimming layer 111 may be greater than 1.6.

[0186] As a third optional implementation, referring to Figure 41 , the display panel 10 does not include the second light inlet hole K2. Regarding the third implementation, the present application embodiment is introduced with the following schemes 4 and 5.

[0187] Option 4, referring to Figure 41, the display panel 10 also includes: a seventh dimming layer 113 and an eighth dimming layer 114, the seventh dimming layer 113 is located between the multiple light-emitting units 103 and the black matrix 1042, and the eighth dimming layer 114 is located on the side of the seventh dimming layer 113 away from the base substrate 101.

[0188] The seventh dimming layer 113 includes a plurality of sixth dimming patterns 1131. The orthographic projections of the sixth dimming patterns 1131 on the base substrate 101 are located to one side of the orthographic projection of the first light input hole K1 on the base substrate 101. The eighth dimming layer 114 covers the plurality of sixth dimming patterns 1131, and the refractive index of the eighth dimming layer 114 is greater than the refractive index of the seventh dimming layer 113.

[0189] In the embodiment of the present application, when light is incident from the side of the color filter layer 104 away from the base substrate 101, it can be incident from the third hollow area 1042a of the first light input hole K1, and then first enter the eighth dimming layer 114, and then undergo total reflection at the interface between the eighth dimming layer 114 and the sixth dimming pattern 1131 (light is incident from a denser medium to a less dense medium, and total reflection occurs when the incident angle is greater than the critical angle). The light after total reflection can be incident on the second hollow area 102b of the first light input hole K1.

[0190] That is, through the above-mentioned design, the embodiment of the present application does not need to design the size of the first light entrance hole K1 to be larger, but can make the light with a large viewing angle incident from the third hollow area 1042a enter the ambient light sensor from the second hollow area 102b of the first light entrance hole K1, thereby increasing the amount of light incident on the ambient light sensor and ensuring the normal use of the ambient light sensor.

[0191] In the embodiment of the present application, referring to FIG41 , the seventh dimming layer 113 further includes a plurality of seventh dimming patterns 1132. The seventh dimming patterns 1132 are closer to the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting unit 103 than the sixth dimming patterns 1131. A portion of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 103 is refracted by the side surfaces of the seventh dimming patterns 1132 and the interface between the eighth dimming layer 114 and then emitted from the corresponding color resist block 1041.

[0192] It can be seen from the above process that the function of the sixth dimming pattern 1131 (refracting external ambient light) is different from the function of the seventh dimming pattern 1132 (refracting the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 103). Therefore, in order to better realize their respective functions, the seventh dimming pattern 1132 and the second dimming pattern 1052 can be processed differently.

[0193] Optionally, to enable the sixth dimming pattern 1131 to fully reflect ambient light, the slope angle of the side surface of the sixth dimming pattern 1131 can be designed to be larger. For example, the slope angle of the sixth dimming pattern 1131 can range from 80 degrees to 135 degrees. The slope angle of the side surface of the sixth dimming pattern 1131 can refer to the angle between the side surface of the sixth dimming pattern 1131 and the surface of the sixth dimming pattern 1131 close to the base substrate 101.

[0194] 41 , if the slope angle of the sixth dimming pattern 1131 is less than 90 degrees, the shape of the sixth dimming pattern 1131 may be a right trapezoid. Alternatively, if the slope angle of the sixth dimming pattern 1131 is greater than 90 degrees, the shape of the sixth dimming pattern 1131 may be an inverted trapezoid.

[0195] In addition, the slope angle of the side surface of the seventh dimming pattern 1132 is an acute angle. That is, the slope angle of the seventh dimming pattern 1132 is smaller than the slope angle of the sixth dimming pattern 1131. For example, the slope angle of the seventh dimming pattern 1132 may range from 40 degrees to 60 degrees. The slope angle of the side surface of the seventh dimming pattern 1132 may refer to the angle between the side surface of the seventh dimming pattern 1132 and the surface of the seventh dimming pattern 1132 close to the base substrate 101.

[0196] In the embodiment of the present application, the seventh dimming layer 113, the eighth dimming layer 114, and the protective layer M located on the side of the color filter layer away from the base substrate 101 can all be adhesive layers, and different refractive indices are achieved by doping different adhesive layers with doping materials of different concentrations or different materials.

[0197] Optionally, the refractive index of the seventh dimming layer 113 and the refractive index of the protective layer M may be in a range of 1.47 to 1.5, and the refractive index of the eighth dimming layer 114 may be greater than 1.6.

[0198] In the fifth embodiment, referring to FIG43 , the display panel 10 further includes a ninth dimming layer 115, a tenth dimming layer 116, and a thin film encapsulation (TFE) layer 117. The ninth dimming layer 115 is located on the side of the black matrix 1042 away from the base substrate 101, and the tenth dimming layer 116 is located on the side of the color filter layer 104 away from the base substrate 101. The encapsulation layer 117 is located between the plurality of light-emitting units 103 and the color filter layer 104.

[0199] The ninth dimming layer 115 includes a plurality of eighth dimming patterns 1151. The orthographic projection of each eighth dimming pattern 1151 on the base substrate 101 is located within the orthographic projection of the black matrix 1042 on the base substrate 101. The orthographic projection of the color resist block 1041 on the base substrate 101 covers the side of the eighth dimming pattern 1151 near the first light inlet K1. The refractive index of the color resist block 1041 is greater than the refractive index of the ninth dimming layer 115. The tenth dimming layer 116 covers the first light inlet K1. The refractive index of the portion of the encapsulation film layer 117 away from the base substrate 101 is greater than the refractive index of the tenth dimming layer 116.

[0200] In the embodiment of the present application, the encapsulation film layer 117 may include: a first film layer, a second film layer, and a third film layer stacked in a direction away from the base substrate 101 .

[0201] Optionally, the first film layer and the third film layer may be made of an inorganic material, and the second film layer may be made of an organic material. For example, the first film layer and the third film layer may be made of one or more inorganic oxides such as SiNx (silicon nitride), SiOx (silicon oxide), and SiOxNy (silicon oxynitride). The second film layer may be made of a resin material. The resin may be a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic resin. The thermoplastic resin may include acrylic (PMMA) resin, and the thermosetting resin may include epoxy resin.

[0202] Optionally, the second film layer can be produced by ink jet printing (IJP), and the second film layer can be referred to as the IJP layer. The first film layer and the third film layer can be produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and the first film layer can be referred to as the CVD1 layer, and the third film layer can be referred to as the CVD2 layer.

[0203] In the embodiment of the present application, when light is incident from the side of the color filter layer 104 away from the base substrate 101, it first enters the tenth dimming layer 116 and the color block 1041, and is totally reflected at the interface between the color block 1041 and the side of the eighth dimming pattern 1151 (total reflection occurs when light enters a less dense medium from an optically dense medium and the incident angle is greater than the critical angle). After total reflection, the light can illuminate the interface between the tenth dimming layer 116 and the encapsulation film layer 117 located in the third hollow area 1042a of the first light input hole K1. The light can be refracted at this interface (the light is refracted when it enters a denser medium from an optically dense medium) and enter the second hollow area 102b of the first light input hole K1.

[0204] That is, through the above-mentioned design, the embodiment of the present application does not need to design the size of the first light entrance hole K1 to be larger, but can make the light with a large viewing angle incident from the third hollow area 1042a enter the ambient light sensor from the second hollow area 102b of the first light entrance hole K1, thereby increasing the amount of light incident on the ambient light sensor and ensuring the normal use of the ambient light sensor.

[0205] Optionally, the eighth dimming pattern 1151 may be in a trapezoidal shape. The height of the eighth dimming pattern 1151 may be in a range of 1 μm to 2 μm.

[0206] In addition, the distance d2 between the edge of the eighth dimming pattern 1151 on the side closest to the substrate 101 and the edge of the black matrix 1042 on the side away from the substrate 101 ranges from 1 μm to 3 μm. The design of this distance d2 can, on the one hand, ensure that the color block 1041 completely covers the eighth dimming pattern 1151, and on the other hand, ensure that the light refracted by the side of the color block 1041 and the eighth dimming pattern 1151 is not blocked by the black matrix 1042, ensuring that the refracted light can be incident on the ambient light sensor through the first light inlet K1. In particular, the color block 1041 can be prepared using a halftone mask to ensure that the color block 1041 can completely cover the eighth dimming structure.

[0207] In the embodiment of the present application, the ninth dimming layer 115 and the tenth dimming layer 116 may both be adhesive layers, and different refractive indices are achieved by doping different adhesive layers with doping materials of different concentrations or different materials.

[0208] Optionally, the refractive index of the color resist block 1041 is greater than 1.6, and the refractive index of the tenth dimming layer 116 is in the range of 1.47 to 1.5. The portion of the encapsulation film layer 117 away from the base substrate 101 is the third film layer, and its refractive index is in the range of 1.8 to 1.9.

[0209] The specific structure of the packaging film layer 117 in the above-mentioned scheme 5 can be applied in schemes 1 to 4, and the embodiments of the present application will not be repeated here.

[0210] In the embodiments of the present application, the surfaces of the aforementioned embodiments are arcuate, triangular, or trapezoidal raised structures and dimming patterns, which can be produced by setting the line width and period (space) of the mask, combined with modulation of the exposure process. The line width (line) represents the width of the portion of the mask used to form the raised or dimming pattern, and the period (space) represents the distance between adjacent raised or dimming patterns in the mask.

[0211] Alternatively, as shown in FIG44 , a triangular surface may have a line width of 1.2 and a period of 1.2. As shown in FIG45 , a curved surface may have a line width of 1.6 and a period of 1.2.

[0212] In summary, an embodiment of the present application provides a display panel, which includes a base substrate, a pixel defining layer, a plurality of light-emitting units, and a color filter layer. The second hollow area in the pixel defining layer and the third hollow area in the black matrix of the color filter layer constitute a first light inlet. Light is incident from the side of the color filter layer away from the base substrate, and is incident on the first light inlet through at least one of total reflection, refraction, and reflection. As a result, there is no need to design the size of the first light inlet to be larger, which can prevent the first light inlet from being recognized by the human eye, ensuring user experience, and allowing ambient light to be incident on the first light inlet through at least one of total reflection, refraction, and reflection, thereby ensuring the amount of light incident on the ambient light sensor, ensuring the normal use of the ambient light sensor, and having high reliability.

[0213] FIG46 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG46 , the display device includes: a plurality of ambient light sensors 20 and a display panel 10 provided in the above embodiment.

[0214] The orthographic projection of the ambient light sensor 20 on the base substrate 101 of the display panel 10 is located within the orthographic projection of the first light inlet K1 on the base substrate 101, such as within the display area 101a. The ambient light sensor 20 is configured to receive or reflect light from the side of the color filter layer 104 in the display panel 10 away from the base substrate 101 through the first light inlet K1.

[0215] Alternatively, the ambient light sensor 20 may be any sensor that receives ambient light. The ambient light sensor 20 may include: a sensor that detects changes in ambient light brightness to enable the display device to automatically adjust the display brightness; an optical fingerprint sensor for under-screen fingerprint unlocking; or a sensor for facial recognition unlocking.

[0216] Since the display device can have substantially the same technical effects as the display panel described in the previous embodiment, the technical effects of the display device will not be repeatedly described here for the purpose of brevity.

[0217] The terms used in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application should have the common meaning understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which this application belongs.

[0218] The terms used in the embodiments of this application are intended solely to illustrate the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application should have the same ordinary meaning as those understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terms "first," "second," "third," and similar terms used in this patent specification and claims do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are simply used to distinguish between different components. Similarly, terms such as "a" or "an" do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. Terms such as "include" or "comprising" mean that the elements or objects listed before "include" or "comprise" include the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprise," and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used solely to indicate relative positions. When the absolute position of the described objects changes, the relative positions may also change accordingly.

[0219] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that, The display panel includes: a substrate substrate having a display area; a pixel defining layer located on one side of the substrate substrate, and the pixel defining layer having a plurality of first hollow areas and a plurality of second hollow areas; a plurality of light emitting units corresponding to the plurality of first hollow areas, the plurality of light emitting units being located in the display area, and the light emitting area of each light emitting unit being located within the corresponding first hollow area; a color filter layer located on a side of the plurality of light emitting units away from the substrate substrate, the color filter layer including a plurality of color resistance blocks corresponding to the plurality of light emitting units and a black matrix located between the plurality of color resistance blocks, a positive projection of the color resistance block on the substrate substrate covering a positive projection of the light emitting area of the light emitting unit on the substrate substrate, light emitted by the light emitting unit exiting from the corresponding color resistance block, the black matrix including a plurality of third hollow areas corresponding to the plurality of second hollow areas, and a positive projection of the third hollow area on the substrate substrate overlapping a positive projection of the corresponding second hollow area on the substrate substrate; wherein, the second hollow area and the third hollow area form a first light incident hole, and light is used to enter the first light incident hole from a side of the color filter layer away from the substrate substrate through at least one of total reflection, refraction, and reflection.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein The display panel further includes a second light incident hole, the second light incident hole including a fourth hollow area of the pixel defining layer, and after the light enters from the third hollow area of the first light incident hole, it enters the fourth hollow area of the second light incident hole after at least two light modulations, and the at least two light modulations include: at least one reflection and at most one total reflection; Alternatively, the second light incident hole includes a fifth hollow area of the black matrix, and after the light enters from the fifth hollow area, it enters the second hollow area of the first light incident hole after at least two light modulations, and the at least two light modulations include: one total reflection and one reflection.

3. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein The second light incident hole includes the fourth hollow area; The display panel further includes: a first light modulating layer located between the plurality of light emitting units and the color filter layer, the first light modulating layer including: a plurality of first light modulating patterns, and a positive projection of the first light modulating pattern on the substrate substrate being located between a positive projection of the first light incident hole on the substrate substrate and a positive projection of the second light incident hole on the substrate substrate; a second light modulating layer located on a side of the first light modulating layer away from the substrate substrate, the second light modulating layer covering the plurality of first light modulating patterns, and a refractive index of the second light modulating layer being greater than a refractive index of the first light modulating layer; and a first reflective layer located between the second light modulating layer and the black matrix, and a positive projection of the first reflective layer on the substrate substrate covering a positive projection of the second light incident hole on the substrate substrate; Among them, after the light enters from the third hollowed-out area of the first light-incident hole, total internal reflection occurs at the interface between the second light-dimming layer and the first light-dimming pattern. The light after total internal reflection irradiates the first reflection layer and is reflected by the first reflection layer and then enters the fourth hollowed-out area of the second light-incident hole.

4. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, One side of the second light-dimming layer away from the substrate has a first convex structure, and the first reflection layer is located on the side of the first convex structure away from the substrate.

5. The display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The surface of the first convex structure away from the substrate is an arc surface, a triangular surface or a trapezoidal surface.

6. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein The first light-dimming layer further includes: a plurality of second light-dimming patterns, the second light-dimming patterns are closer to the light-emitting area of the light-emitting unit than the first light-dimming pattern, and the height of the first light-dimming pattern is less than the height of the second light-dimming pattern; Among them, part of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit is totally internally reflected at the interface between the second light-dimming pattern and the second light-dimming layer and then exits from the corresponding color-resist block.

7. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second light-incident hole includes the fifth hollowed-out area; one side of the pixel defining layer away from the substrate has a second convex structure, and the orthographic projection of the second convex structure on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the second light-incident hole on the substrate overlap; The plurality of light-emitting units include a shared cathode layer, the cathode layer is located on the side of the pixel defining layer away from the substrate, and a part of the cathode layer located away from the substrate of the second convex structure is in a convex state; The display panel further includes: a second reflection layer, the second reflection layer is located between the black matrix and the cathode layer, and the orthographic projection of the second reflection layer on the substrate is located between the orthographic projection of the first light-incident hole on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the second light-incident hole on the substrate; Among them, after the light enters from the fifth hollowed-out area of the second light-incident hole, it is reflected by the cathode layer to the second reflection layer, and is reflected by the second reflection layer and then enters the second hollowed-out area of the first light-incident hole.

8. The display panel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The display panel further includes: A third light-dimming layer located on the side of the color filter layer away from the substrate, the third light-dimming layer includes: a plurality of third light-dimming patterns, and the orthographic projection of each third light-dimming pattern on the substrate covers the fifth hollowed-out area of the second light-incident hole; A fourth light-dimming layer located on the side of the third light-dimming layer away from the substrate, the fourth light-dimming layer covers the plurality of second light-dimming patterns, and the refractive index of the fourth light-dimming layer is less than the refractive index of the third light-dimming layer; Among them, after the light is refracted at the interface between the fourth light-dimming layer and the third light-dimming pattern, it enters from the fifth hollowed-out area of the second light-incident hole, is reflected by the cathode layer to the second reflection layer, and is reflected by the second reflection layer and then enters the second hollowed-out area of the first light-incident hole.

9. The display panel according to claim 8, wherein The surface of the second convex structure away from the substrate is an arc surface, a triangular surface or a trapezoidal surface; The surface of the third light-dimming pattern away from the substrate is an arc surface, a triangular surface or a trapezoidal surface.

10. The display panel according to claim 8, wherein, The central axis of the second convex structure is farther from the first light incident hole than the central axis of the second light incident hole.

11. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein The second light incident hole includes the fifth hollowed-out area; the plurality of light-emitting units include a common cathode layer, and the cathode layer is located on the side of the pixel defining layer away from the substrate. The display panel further includes: A fifth light-dimming layer located between the plurality of light-emitting units and the color filter layer, and the fifth light-dimming layer includes: a plurality of fourth light-dimming patterns, and the orthographic projection of each of the fourth light-dimming patterns on the substrate is at least located between the orthographic projection of the first light incident hole on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the second light incident hole on the substrate. A sixth light-dimming layer located between the fifth light-dimming layer and the color filter layer, and the sixth light-dimming layer covers the plurality of fourth light-dimming patterns, and the refractive index of the sixth light-dimming layer is less than the refractive index of the fifth light-dimming layer. Wherein, after the light enters from the fifth hollowed-out area of the second light incident hole, it is reflected by the cathode layer to the interface between the fourth light-dimming pattern and the sixth light-dimming layer, and is totally reflected by the interface and then enters the second hollowed-out area of the first light incident hole.

12. The display panel according to claim 11, wherein, The fifth light-dimming layer further includes: a plurality of fifth light-dimming patterns, and the orthographic projection of the fifth light-dimming pattern on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the color-resist block on the substrate, and the slope angle of the side surface of the fifth light-dimming pattern is an acute angle. Wherein, a part of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit is refracted by the interface between the side surface of the fifth light-dimming pattern and the sixth light-dimming layer and exits from the corresponding color-resist block.

13. The display panel according to any one of claims 2 to 12, characterized in that, The second light incident hole is located on both sides of the first light incident hole; or, the first light incident hole is located on both sides of the second light incident hole.

14. The display panel according to claim 13, wherein, In the case where the second light incident hole is located on both sides of the first light incident hole, the display panel includes two second light incident holes located between two adjacent light-emitting units, and the two second light incident holes are located on both sides of the first light incident hole; or, Both the first light incident hole and the second light incident hole are annular light incident holes, and the orthographic projection of the second light incident hole on the substrate surrounds the orthographic projection of the first light incident hole on the substrate.

15. The display panel according to claim 13, characterized in that, In the case where the first light incident hole is located on both sides of the second light incident hole, the display panel includes two first light incident holes located between two adjacent light-emitting units, and the two first light incident holes are located on both sides of the second light incident hole; or, The first light incident hole is an annular light incident hole, and the orthographic projection of the first light incident hole on the substrate surrounds the orthographic projection of the second light incident hole on the substrate.

16. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein The display panel further includes: A seventh light-dimming layer located between the plurality of light-emitting units and the black matrix, and the seventh light-dimming layer includes a plurality of sixth light-dimming patterns, and the orthographic projection of the sixth light-dimming pattern on the substrate is located on one side of the orthographic projection of the first light incident hole on the substrate. An eighth light-dimming layer located on a side of the seventh light-dimming layer away from the substrate, the eighth light-dimming layer covering the plurality of sixth light-dimming patterns, and the refractive index of the eighth light-dimming layer being greater than that of the seventh light-dimming layer; Wherein, after the light enters from the third hollowed-out area of the first light-incident hole, total internal reflection occurs at the interface between the eighth light-dimming layer and the sixth light-dimming pattern, and the light after total internal reflection enters the second hollowed-out area of the first light-incident hole.

17. The display panel according to claim 16, wherein, The seventh light-dimming layer further includes: a plurality of seventh light-dimming patterns, the seventh light-dimming patterns being closer to the light-emitting area of the light-emitting unit than the sixth light-dimming patterns, and the slope angle of the side surface of the seventh light-dimming pattern being smaller than the slope angle of the side surface of the sixth light-dimming pattern; Wherein, a part of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit is refracted at the interface between the side surface of the seventh light-dimming pattern and the eighth light-dimming layer and then exits from the corresponding color-resist block.

18. The display panel according to claim 17, wherein, The range of the slope angle of the side surface of the seventh light-dimming pattern is 40 degrees to 70 degrees, and the range of the slope angle of the side surface of the sixth light-dimming pattern is 80 degrees to 135 degrees.

19. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein The display panel further includes: a ninth light-dimming layer located on a side of the black matrix away from the substrate, the ninth light-dimming layer including a plurality of eighth light-dimming patterns, and the orthographic projection of each eighth light-dimming pattern on the substrate being located within the orthographic projection of the black matrix on the substrate; The orthographic projection of the color-resist block on the substrate covers the side surface of the eighth light-dimming pattern close to the first light-incident hole, and the refractive index of the color-resist block is greater than that of the ninth light-dimming layer; The display panel further includes: a tenth light-dimming layer located on a side of the color filter layer away from the substrate, the tenth light-dimming layer covering the first light-incident hole; A packaging film layer located between the plurality of light-emitting units and the color filter layer, and the refractive index of a part of the packaging film layer away from the substrate being greater than that of the tenth light-dimming layer; Wherein, after the light is totally internally reflected at the interface between the color-resist block and the side surface of the eighth light-dimming pattern, it irradiates the interface between the tenth light-dimming layer and the packaging film layer located in the third hollowed-out area of the first light-incident hole, and is refracted at the interface and then enters the second hollowed-out area of the first light-incident hole.

20. A display device, characterized in that, The display device includes: a plurality of ambient light sensors and the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 19; The orthographic projection of the ambient light sensor on the substrate of the display panel is located within the orthographic projection of the first light-incident hole on the substrate, and the ambient light sensor is configured to receive or reflect light from a side of the color filter layer of the display panel away from the substrate through the first light-incident hole.

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