Automatic acer palmatum seed shelling and seed taking system and seed taking method

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic dehulling and seed taking system for acer palmatum seeds, the system comprises an arranging device and a cutting device, the arranging device is used for sequencing the acer palmatum seeds, the cutting device is used for cutting the sequenced acer palmatum seeds to obtain seed kernels, the cutting device comprises a material taking clamp, a cutter and a lower die, the material taking clamp is used for clamping and moving seeds, the cutter is used for cutting the seeds, and the lower die is used for positioning the seeds in the cutting process. The automatic acer palmatum seed shelling and taking system disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the production efficiency is greatly improved, the damage to the seeds is reduced, the structure is simple, the service life is long, and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to automatic shelling and seed-picking equipment for red maple seeds, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machinery equipment. Background Art

[0002] The blood maple is a national second-level protected tree species and a precious wood and veneer resource. The wood is hard, fine and shiny, making it an excellent material for construction and furniture. It also has high ornamental value and is suitable for small-scale landscaping needs.

[0003] The wild population of blood maple has a low fruiting rate and a high empty seed rate, and under natural conditions it often takes 1 to 2 years to break dormancy. After obtaining the seed kernels, they can be sown directly.

[0004] However, the shell of the blood maple seeds is highly lignified, the seed shell is hard, the seed kernel is small, and the size of the mature seed kernel is relatively consistent with the seed shell. Manual shelling is difficult and can easily hurt your hands or damage the seed embryo.

[0005] Due to the above reasons, it is necessary to study a system that can automatically shell and remove seeds of blood maple seeds to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the above problems, the inventors conducted in-depth research and designed an automatic shelling and seeding system for blood maple seeds, which includes an arranging device and a cutting device.

[0007] The arrangement device is used for sorting the blood maple seeds, and the cutting device is used for cutting the sorted blood maple seeds to obtain seed kernels.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the arrangement device includes a hopper 1 and a vibrator 2, wherein the hopper 1 is used to hold the seeds of the red maple, and the vibrator 2 is used to transport the seeds to the cutting device.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the cutting device includes a feeding clamp 3, a cutter 4 and a lower mold 5, wherein the feeding clamp 3 is used to clamp and move seeds, the cutter 4 is used to cut seeds, and the lower mold 5 is used to position seeds during the cutting process.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the cutting device includes a feeding clamp 3, a cutter 4 and a lower mold 5, wherein the feeding clamp 3 is used to clamp and move seeds, the cutter 4 is used to cut seeds, and the lower mold 5 is used to position seeds during the cutting process.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the cutter 4 has a pressure rod 6, which is connected to a cylinder 61 so that the pressure rod 6 can move vertically up and down, thereby driving the cutter 4 to press down and lift, thereby achieving cutting of seeds.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the cutter 4 has an annular blade with a hole 41 in the middle. A probe 42 is provided in the hole 41 . The upper end of the probe 42 is fixed on a probe holder so that the probe 42 does not move with the cutter 4 .

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the lower die 5 has a cutting edge with a hole and is arranged directly below the cutter 4 .

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the system further comprises an air dryer for air-drying and grinding the collected material in the material box so as to separate the seed kernel from the shell.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the system further comprises an air separator for screening out the seed kernels by air separation.

[0016] The present invention also discloses a method for automatically shelling and extracting seeds of Acer rubrum seeds, which is performed using the above-mentioned automatic shelling and extracting seed system for Acer rubrum seeds and comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1. Place all seeds to be shelled and seeded in a hopper, and vibrate the seeds sequentially onto a straight vibrator through the hopper;

[0018] S2, continuously detecting whether there are seeds on the straight vibrator, and when seeds are detected, the material picking clamp extends forward to clamp the seeds;

[0019] S3, the material picking clamp moves back and places the seeds under the cutter;

[0020] S4, the cutter descends to separate the seed kernel and the upper and lower shells of the seed kernel from other parts;

[0021] S5, the material removal clamp is opened, the cutter rises, and the part with the seed kernel in the cutter hole is pushed out through the probe;

[0022] S6. The cut seeds are air-dried and rubbed to separate the seed kernels from the shells, and the seed kernels are screened out.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0024] (1) Greatly improve production efficiency and reduce damage to seeds;

[0025] (2) Simple structure and long service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the overall structure of an automatic shelling and seed extraction system for Acer rubrum seeds according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0027] Figure 2A schematic diagram showing the overall structure of an automatic shelling and seed extraction system for Acer rubrum seeds according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a cutting device of an automatic shelling and seed extraction system for Acer rubrum seeds according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 4 A structural diagram of the material removal clamp portion of the automatic shelling and seed removal system for blood maple seeds according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cutter and probe structure of an automatic shelling and seed extraction system for red maple seeds according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0031] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0032] 1- Hopper;

[0033] 2-Direct vibrator;

[0034] 3- Material picking pliers;

[0035] 4-cutter;

[0036] 5- lower mold;

[0037] 6-Press rod;

[0038] 31-Linear cylinder;

[0039] 41-hole;

[0040] 42-probe;

[0041] 43-limiting piece;

[0042] 61-Cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, through which the features and advantages of the present invention will become more clearly understood.

[0044] The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, example, or illustration." Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise indicated.

[0045] The automatic shelling and seeding system for the blood maple seeds provided by the present invention comprises an arranging device and a cutting device, such as Figure 1-3 shown.

[0046] The arrangement device is used for sorting the blood maple seeds, and the cutting device is used for cutting the sorted blood maple seeds to obtain seed kernels.

[0047] According to the present invention, before the seeds are cut, the seeds are first sorted so that the directions of the seeds are consistent, thereby making the positions of the seed kernels uniform.

[0048] The arrangement device includes a hopper 1 and a straight vibrator 2. The hopper 1 is used to hold the blood maple seeds. Preferably, the hopper 1 has a vibrator, which vibrates the seeds sequentially to the straight vibrator. The straight vibrator is used to transport the seeds to the cutting device.

[0049] In the present invention, the blood maple seeds are seeds from which the feathery part of the samaras has been removed.

[0050] In the present invention, the hopper 1 preferably adopts a vibrating tray type feeding mechanism, including a vibrating tray and a vibrator. The vibrating tray is used to hold seeds, and a spiral ascending material channel is provided inside the vibrating tray. When the vibrating tray vibrates, the seeds inside vibrate and rise along the spiral ascending material channel. During the process of vibrating and rising, due to the effect of gravity, the embryo side of the seeds faces downward under the action of vibration, thereby achieving the purpose of preliminary screening direction.

[0051] The straight vibrator is a commonly used conveying device, and its specific structure is not described in detail in the present invention.

[0052] The straight vibrator achieves the purpose of conveying by adjusting its vibration amplitude and vibration frequency. Furthermore, by adjusting the vibration amplitude and vibration frequency, the seeds can be separated. Furthermore, the straight vibrator is provided with a through hole that allows the seeds to pass through in sequence. A photoelectric sensor is provided at the position of the through hole to determine whether the seed has reached the designated position by whether the through hole is blocked.

[0053] Furthermore, the seeds can be further positioned through the through holes to avoid problems such as deviation in seed orientation during vibration, which may lead to reduced subsequent clamping accuracy and deviation in seed orientation.

[0054] The cutting device includes a material taking clamp 3, a cutter 4 and a lower mold 5, wherein the material taking clamp 3 is used to clamp and move seeds, the cutter 4 is used to cut seeds, and the lower mold 5 is used to position seeds during the cutting process.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the closing time of the material clamp is determined by timing when clamping.

[0056] Further preferably, the inner side of the material taking clamp is a blood maple seed imitation structure, such as Figure 4As shown, the contouring structure means that the shape of the inner space of the picking clamp is the same as the outer shape of the blood maple seeds. According to the structural characteristics of the seeds themselves, the clamped seeds are placed in the contouring space inside the picking clamp.

[0057] Further preferably, the inner wall of the picking clamp is a smooth arc, so that during the clamping process, slight directional deviations of the seeds can be further corrected, thereby improving the accuracy of the subsequent cutting position and reducing the probability of damage to the seed kernel.

[0058] Furthermore, the feeding clamp 3 is connected to the linear cylinder 31 so that the feeding clamp 3 can reciprocate horizontally and linearly to move the clamped seeds to the lower end of the cutter 4.

[0059] The cutter 4 has a pressure rod 6, which is connected to a cylinder 61 so that the pressure rod 6 can move vertically up and down, thereby driving the cutter 4 to press down and lift, thereby achieving cutting of seeds.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the cutter 4 is fixed on a vertically arranged slide rail, and the slide rail provides sufficient lateral support force to the cutter 4 to avoid deformation of the cutter and the pressure rod after long-term use.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the cutter is conical, and an annular blade is provided at the center line of the cone. The middle of the annular blade has a hole 41, and a probe 42 is provided in the hole 41. The upper end of the probe 42 is fixed on the probe bracket so that the probe 42 does not move with the cutter 4.

[0062] When the cutter 4 descends, the probe 42 does not descend with the cutter. The cutter cuts downward to separate the seed kernel and the upper and lower shells of the seed kernel from other parts, and the part with the seed kernel in the middle of the seed enters the hole 41; when the cutter 4 rises, the probe 42 moves downward relative to the cutter to push the part with the seed kernel in the hole 41 out.

[0063] The embryo of a maple seed is where the seed connects to the tree, forming a flat surface. This makes it the least susceptible to damage from a circular cutter. Based on these characteristics, the present invention utilizes a perforated cutter, which, compared to other cutter shapes, effectively reduces the impact of misaligned seed positioning on the embryo. Aside from the embryo, the rest of the seed kernel is vegetative, and thus poses no threat to seed viability.

[0064] Unlike other seeds, there is a gap in the contact position between the blood maple seeds and the seed shell. If the seeds are completely cut, the embryo of the seeds may be damaged, thereby making the seeds lose their vitality. In the present invention, the size of the hole 41 set above allows the seed kernel, especially the embryo position, to remain connected to part of the shell after cutting, that is, the shell is not completely removed, thereby avoiding damage to the embryo and making the seeds unusable.

[0065] Furthermore, in the present invention, the coordination of the hopper, vibrator, and tongs allows the seeds to be cut so that the kernel protrusion is oriented vertically, with the embryo side facing forward and the wings and tail facing backward, thereby precisely protecting the embryo's position. After cutting, the seed shell is partially severed, leaving the upper and lower shells of the seed shell separable. Only a portion of the upper and lower shells are connected, and when the fiber connection in this area weakens, the upper and lower shells are easily separated.

[0066] According to the present invention, the cutting blade and the release time of the tongs are used to coordinate the cutting process. After cutting, the upper and lower shells of the seed can only connect at a maximum of four locations: front (at the embryo), back (at the wing tail), left, and right. As the size of the cutter's incision approaches the size of the seed kernel, the number of connection locations decreases, but the damage rate to the seed increases. Based on multiple experiments, the diameter of hole 41 is preferably set to 2.5 mm.

[0067] The lower mold 5 has a cutting edge with a hole and is arranged just below the cutter 4. During the cutting process of the cutter 4, the raised part of the seed can be positioned at the lower end to prevent the seed from rolling or bouncing due to the pressure when the cutter is pressed down.

[0068] Preferably, the hole diameter of the cutting edge of the lower mold 5 is 3.5 mm.

[0069] Due to the high hardness of the seed shell of the blood maple, long-term cutting will cause the cutter to deform or the fixed position to shake, resulting in a decrease in the accuracy of the cutter position.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, rear limiting plates 43 are provided on both sides of the cutter, and the limiting plates 43 fully or partially wrap the conical cutter to prevent the cutter from position deviation or deformation after repeated use, thereby improving the stability of the device.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment, the system also has a material level sensor 6, which is arranged between the straight vibrator 2 and the material clamp 3 or above the straight vibrator 2, and is used to detect whether there are seeds transmitted by the straight vibrator 2. When seeds are detected, the material clamp 3 grabs the seeds.

[0072] The material level sensor 6 can be any sensor that can detect the presence of material, such as a laser sensor.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment, the system further comprises a material box for receiving the portion with the seed kernel and the cut shell.

[0074] More preferably, the material box is arranged on the side of the lower mold 5, and a high-pressure air gun is arranged opposite the material box to blow the part with the seed kernel and the cut shell into the material box through the air flow.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, the system further comprises an air dryer for air-drying and grinding the collected material in the material box so as to separate the seed kernel from the shell.

[0076] In the present invention, there is no limitation on the specific model of the air dryer, and technicians in this field can use any device that can achieve air drying.

[0077] Preferably, the system further comprises an air separator for screening out the seed kernels by air separation.

[0078] The air separator is a commonly used screening equipment. In the present invention, its specific structure and model are not limited, and technicians in this field can freely choose according to actual needs.

[0079] The present invention also discloses a method for automatically shelling and extracting seeds of Acer rubrum seeds, which is performed using the above-mentioned automatic shelling and extracting seed system for Acer rubrum seeds, and comprises the following steps:

[0080] S1. Place all seeds to be shelled and seeded in a hopper, and vibrate the seeds sequentially onto a straight vibrator through the hopper;

[0081] S2, continuously detecting whether there are seeds on the straight vibrator, and when seeds are detected, the material picking clamp extends forward to clamp the seeds;

[0082] S3, the material picking clamp moves back and places the seeds under the cutter;

[0083] S4, the cutter descends to separate the seed kernel and the upper and lower shells of the seed kernel from other parts;

[0084] S5, the material removal clamp is opened, the cutter rises, and the part with the seed kernel in the cutter hole is pushed out through the probe;

[0085] S6. The cut seeds are air-dried and rubbed to separate the seed kernels from the shells, and the seed kernels are screened out.

[0086] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front," and "rear" and the like, indicating positions or locations, are based on the operating state of the present invention and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0087] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0088] The present invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments, but these embodiments are merely exemplary and serve only as illustrations. On this basis, various replacements and improvements can be made to the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic shelling and seed removal system for blood maple seeds, characterized in that: The system includes an arranging device and a cutting device. The arrangement device is used for sorting the blood maple seeds, and the cutting device is used for cutting the sorted blood maple seeds to obtain seed kernels.

2. The automatic shelling and seed removal system for the blood maple seeds according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The arrangement device comprises a hopper (1) and a straight vibrator (2); the hopper (1) is used for containing Acer sanguineum seeds, and the straight vibrator (2) is used for conveying the seeds to a cutting device.

3. The automatic shelling and seed removal system for the blood maple seeds according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cutting device comprises a material taking clamp (3), a cutter (4) and a lower mold (5), wherein the material taking clamp (3) is used to clamp and move seeds, the cutter (4) is used to cut seeds, and the lower mold (5) is used to position seeds during the cutting process.

4. The automatic shelling and seed removal system for the blood maple seeds according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cutting device comprises a material taking clamp (3), a cutter (4) and a lower mold (5), wherein the material taking clamp (3) is used to clamp and move seeds, the cutter (4) is used to cut seeds, and the lower mold (5) is used to position seeds during the cutting process.

5. The automatic shelling and seed extraction system for the blood maple seeds according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cutter (4) has a pressure rod (6), which is connected to a cylinder (61) so that the pressure rod (6) can move vertically up and down, thereby driving the cutter (4) to press down and lift, thereby achieving cutting of seeds.

6. The automatic shelling and seed removal system for the blood maple seeds according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cutter (4) has an annular blade with a hole (41) in the middle. A probe (42) is arranged in the hole (41). The upper end of the probe (42) is fixed on a probe bracket so that the probe (42) does not move with the cutter (4).

7. The automatic shelling and seed removal system for the blood maple seeds according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower die (5) has a cutting edge with a hole and is arranged directly below the cutter (4).

8. The automatic shelling and seed extraction system for the blood maple seeds according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system also includes an air dryer for drying and grinding the collected material in the material box to separate the seed kernel from the shell.

9. The automatic shelling and seed extraction system for the blood maple seeds according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system also includes an air separator, which selects the seed kernels through air separation.

10. A method for automatically shelling and removing seeds from Acer sanguineum seeds, using the automatic shelling and removing seed system for Acer sanguineum seeds according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Place all seeds to be shelled and seeded in a hopper, and vibrate the seeds sequentially onto a straight vibrator through the hopper; S2, continuously detecting whether there are seeds on the straight vibrator, and when seeds are detected, the material picking clamp extends forward to clamp the seeds; S3, the material picking clamp moves back and places the seeds under the cutter; S4, the cutter descends to separate the seed kernel and the upper and lower shells of the seed kernel from other parts; S5, the material removal clamp is opened, the cutter rises, and the part with the seed kernel in the cutter hole is pushed out through the probe; S6. The cut seeds are air-dried and rubbed to separate the seed kernels from the shells, and the seed kernels are screened out.

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