Anti-loosening and anti-falling structure of railway turnout bolt

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-loosening and anti-falling structure for railway turnout bolts, which comprises a pair of steel rail washers, ratchet bolts, ratchet nuts and a U-shaped plate spring component, the steel rail washers are distributed on two sides of a steel rail, and the ratchet bolts penetrate through the steel rail washers and the steel rail and are screwed with the ratchet nuts through threads; the U-shaped plate spring assembly is detachably installed on the steel rail gasket and used for limiting rotation of the ratchet bolt and the ratchet nut, the turnout bolt is simple in structure and convenient to install, the anti-loosening and anti-falling performance of the turnout bolt can be improved, and the use requirement can be better met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of railway turnouts, in particular to an anti-loosening and anti-falling structure for railway turnout bolts. Background Art

[0002] Railway turnouts, as critical track equipment, utilize numerous threaded connections. The reliability of these connections is directly linked to the safe, stable, and reliable operation of the turnout equipment. To ensure this reliability, various locking, anti-loosening, and anti-falling measures are currently employed in turnout manufacturing for the bolt and nut connections.

[0003] The more commonly used anti-loosening and anti-falling structures for railway turnout equipment include: adding spring washers; increasing the friction coefficient between the bolt head and nut and the contact surface of the connected structure; using a deformed thread structure that changes the pressure angle; using a combination of left and right thread; destroying the end thread of the bolt after tightening the nut; adding a cotter pin to the end of the bolt; using a stop washer, etc. The above structures play a positive role in maintaining the tightening torque of the threaded connection or preventing the nut from falling off within a certain period of time, but there are also various problems. For example, the addition of a spring washer structure uses the rebound force generated by the spring washer being squeezed to push the screw threads of the nut and bolt to squeeze each other and generate additional friction, thereby achieving an anti-loosening effect. The stop washer structure achieves stopping and anti-loosening by bending the stop washer and wrapping it around the hexagonal surface of the nut. Under repeated vibration and impact, once the spring washer structure becomes loose, it will accelerate loosening and falling off under the action of rebound force and vibration impact; the stop washer structure is limited by the thickness of the washer and the rounded structure of the hexagonal nut, and cannot achieve complete fit and wrapping with the nut to achieve good stopping and anti-loosening. At the same time, it is limited by the material of the stop washer and fails after bending several times. Therefore, both of the above structures are prone to loosening. Measures that damage the threads are not conducive to replacing bolts and nuts, and are one-time measures. Adding a cotter pin structure focuses more on preventing the nut from falling off, and the anti-loosening effect is not good.

[0004] Therefore, a new anti-loosening and anti-falling structure of railway turnout bolts is urgently needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a structure for preventing loosening and falling off of railway turnout bolts, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A structure for preventing loosening and falling off of railway turnout bolts comprises: a rail washer, a ratchet bolt, a ratchet nut and a U-shaped leaf spring assembly. The rail washers are provided with a pair distributed on both sides of the rail. The ratchet bolts penetrate the rail washers and the rail and are threadedly screwed with ratchet nuts. The U-shaped leaf spring assembly is detachably mounted on the rail washer and is used to limit the rotation of the ratchet bolt and the ratchet nut.

[0008] As a preferred solution, the U-shaped leaf spring assembly includes a pair of leaf spring clips, each of which is provided with a leaf spring clip at both ends, the pair of leaf spring clips are fixed by a U-shaped spring, and a small leaf spring is fixed on each leaf spring clip.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the small leaf springs provided on the leaf spring clips on the upper and lower sides are in opposite directions.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the small leaf spring is an arc-shaped structure, and a stepped portion is provided at the end of the small leaf spring.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the rail washer is provided with a T-slot for inserting the U-shaped leaf spring assembly, and the rail washer is also provided with a connecting buckle groove for matching the leaf spring clamping portion.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the ratchet bolt and the ratchet nut are both provided with flanges, and a plurality of triangular slots are distributed in an array on the circumference of the flanges, and the stepped portion of the small leaf spring is buckled in the triangular slots.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the ratchet bolt 2 and the ratchet nut are limited by the U-shaped leaf spring assembly. After installation, the top end of the small leaf spring is against the triangular slot corresponding to the ratchet nut and the ratchet bolt, which can limit the rotation of the ratchet nut and the ratchet bolt. At the same time, the stepped portion of the small leaf spring is pressed on the triangular slot, which can limit the movement of the ratchet nut and the ratchet bolt to both sides, further improving the fixing effect and preventing the ratchet bolt and the ratchet nut from loosening; in addition, by arranging the small leaf spring in conjunction with the U-shaped spring, the vibration load work generated when the train passes through the switch can be absorbed. After absorbing the vibration load work, it causes repeated compression and extension to release the vibration work, so as to eliminate or reduce the vibration work acting on the ratchet bolt and the ratchet nut to cause them to loosen, thereby further improving the anti-loosening performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a railway turnout bolt anti-loosening and anti-falling structure;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of a rail washer of a railway turnout bolt anti-loosening and anti-falling structure;

[0016] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a rail washer with an anti-loosening and anti-falling structure for a railway turnout bolt;

[0017] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a U-shaped leaf spring assembly for preventing loosening and falling off of a railway turnout bolt;

[0018] Figure 5 The diagram is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a ratchet nut with an anti-loosening and anti-falling structure for a railway turnout bolt.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Rail washer; 11. T-slot; 12. Connecting buckle slot; 2. Ratchet bolt; 3. Ratchet nut; 31. Flange; 32. Triangular slot; 4. U-shaped leaf spring assembly; 41. Leaf spring clip; 42. Leaf spring clip; 43. Small leaf spring; 431. Stepped portion; 44. U-shaped spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example: See Figures 1 to 5 A structure for preventing loosening and falling off of a railway turnout bolt comprises: a rail washer 1, a ratchet bolt 2, a ratchet nut 3 and a U-shaped leaf spring assembly 4. The rail washer 1 is provided with a pair of ratchet bolts distributed on both sides of the rail. The ratchet bolt 2 passes through the rail washer 1 and the rail and is threadedly screwed with the ratchet nut 3; the U-shaped leaf spring assembly 4 is detachably mounted on the rail washer 1 to limit the rotation of the ratchet bolt 2 and the ratchet nut 3.

[0022] As a further solution, the U-shaped leaf spring assembly 4 includes a pair of leaf spring clips 41, each of which is provided with a leaf spring clip 42 at both ends. The pair of leaf spring clips 41 are fixed by a U-shaped spring 44, and a small leaf spring 43 is fixed on each leaf spring clip 41. In this embodiment, the small leaf springs 43 arranged on the leaf spring clips 41 on the upper and lower sides are in opposite directions, and the small leaf spring 43 is an arc-shaped structure, and a stepped portion 431 is provided at the end of the small leaf spring 43.

[0023] As a further solution, the rail washer 1 is provided with a T-slot 11 for inserting the U-shaped leaf spring assembly 4 , and the rail washer 1 is also provided with a connecting buckle slot 12 for matching the leaf spring clamping portion 42 .

[0024] As a further solution, the ratchet bolt 2 and the ratchet nut 3 are both provided with a flange 31 , and a plurality of triangular slots 32 are distributed in an array on the circumference of the flange 31 , and the stepped portion of the small leaf spring 43 is buckled in the triangular slot 32 .

[0025] When installing specifically, first pass the ratchet bolt 2 through the left rail washer 1, the rail, and the right rail washer 1 in sequence, then screw the ratchet nut onto the ratchet bolt 2, and then tighten it according to 80% of the specified torque, then press the leaf spring clips 41 on the upper and lower sides to deform the U-shaped spring 44, then insert the leaf spring clips 41 of the U-shaped leaf spring assembly 4 into the T-slot 11, and buckle the leaf spring clip 42 at the end of the leaf spring clip 41 into the connecting buckle groove 12, and the installation of the U-shaped leaf spring assembly 4 is completed. The operation is simple and convenient to disassemble. When the U-shaped leaf spring assembly 4 is installed, the end face of the small leaf spring 43 is against the flange position of the ratchet bolt 2 and the ratchet nut 3, and then continue to rotate the ratchet nut 3 and tighten it. At this time, the step 431 on the small leaf spring 43 is buckled in the triangular clip groove 32, and the installation is completed.

[0026] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the ratchet bolt 2 and the ratchet nut 3 are limited by the U-shaped leaf spring assembly 4. After installation, the top end of the small leaf spring 43 is against the triangular slot 32 corresponding to the ratchet nut 3 and the ratchet bolt 2, and can use its own elasticity to permanently limit the rotation of the ratchet nut 3 and the ratchet bolt 2. At the same time, the stepped portion 431 of the small leaf spring 43 is buckled on the triangular slot 32, which can limit the movement of the ratchet nut 3 and the ratchet bolt 2 to both sides, further improving the fixing effect and preventing the ratchet bolt 2 and the ratchet nut 3 from loosening.

[0027] In addition, by setting a small leaf spring 43 in conjunction with a U-shaped spring 44, the vibration load work generated when the train passes through the switch can be absorbed. After absorbing the vibration load work, it causes itself to be repeatedly compressed and stretched to release the vibration work, so as to eliminate or reduce the vibration work acting on the ratchet bolt 2 and the ratchet nut 3 and causing them to loosen, thereby further improving the anti-loosening performance.

[0028] In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are relational words determined only for the convenience of describing the structural relationships of the various parts or elements of the present invention, and do not specifically refer to any part or element in the present invention, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A railway turnout bolt anti-loosening and anti-falling structure, characterized in that: include: A rail washer (1), a ratchet bolt (2), a ratchet nut (3) and a U-shaped leaf spring assembly (4), wherein the rail washer (1) is provided with a pair of them distributed on both sides of the rail, and the ratchet bolt (2) penetrates the rail washer (1) and the rail and is threadedly screwed with the ratchet nut (3); The U-shaped leaf spring assembly (4) is detachably mounted on the rail washer (1) and is used to limit the rotation of the ratchet bolt (2) and the ratchet nut (3).

2. The anti-loosening and anti-falling structure for railway turnout bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped leaf spring assembly (4) comprises a pair of leaf spring clamping strips (41), both ends of each leaf spring clamping strip (41) are provided with leaf spring clamping portions (42), the pair of leaf spring clamping strips (41) are fixed by a U-shaped spring (44), and a small leaf spring (43) is fixed on each leaf spring clamping strip (41).

3. The anti-loosening and anti-falling structure for railway turnout bolts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The small leaf springs (43) arranged on the leaf spring clamping strips (41) on the upper and lower sides are in opposite directions.

4. The anti-loosening and anti-falling structure for railway turnout bolts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The small leaf spring (43) is an arc-shaped structure, and a stepped portion (431) is provided at the end of the small leaf spring (43).

5. The anti-loosening and anti-falling structure for railway turnout bolts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rail washer (1) is provided with a T-shaped slot (11) for inserting the U-shaped leaf spring assembly (4), and the rail washer (1) is also provided with a connecting buckle slot (12) for matching the leaf spring clamping portion (42).

6. The anti-loosening and anti-falling structure for railway turnout bolts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ratchet bolt (2) and the ratchet nut (3) are both provided with a flange (31), and a plurality of triangular slots (32) are distributed in an array on the circumference of the flange (31), and the stepped portion of the small leaf spring (43) is buckled in the triangular slots (32).

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