Multi-stage linkage large-window coal caving device and super-large mining height top coal caving transition hydraulic support

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage linkage large-window coal caving device and a super-large mining height top coal caving transition hydraulic support. The multi-stage linkage large-window coal caving device comprises a swing beam, a tail beam, an insertion plate, a swing beam side protection plate, a first driver, a second driver, a third driver and a fourth driver, the tail beam is rotatably connected with the swing beam, a first lug seat is arranged at the end, away from the tail beam, of the swing beam, and the tail beam is provided with a sliding cavity; the first driver is used for driving the swing beam to rotate around the axis of the first lug; the second driver is used for driving the tail beam to swing relative to the swing beam; at least part of the inserting plate is arranged in the sliding cavity and can move relative to the tail beam, and the third driver is used for driving the inserting plate to move relative to the tail beam; the two swing beam side protection plates are arranged on the two sides of the swing beam respectively and can move in the width direction of the swing beam relative to the swing beam, and the fourth driver is used for driving the swing beam side protection plates to move relative to the swing beam. The embodiment of the invention has the advantages of large expansion area and high top coal recovery rate of the transition section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining equipment, and in particular relates to a multi-stage linkage large-window coal caving device and an ultra-large mining height top coal caving transition hydraulic support. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous increase in the depth and intensity of coal mining in my country, ultra-large mining height fully-mechanized top coal caving (JFC) working faces have gradually become the mainstream process for efficient mining of thick coal seams. The window size of the coal caving mechanism in related technologies is limited, and problems such as gangue mixing and insufficient coal caving are prone to occur during the top coal collapse process, with the recovery rate generally below 60%. In addition, the transition hydraulic support must also take into account the protection function of the rear scraper conveyor power unit. The deployment space and protection range of the coal caving mechanism in related technologies are difficult to balance. Especially when facing ultra-large mining height fully-mechanized top coal caving operations with mining heights of more than 7 meters, the conveyor is often damaged or the top coal remains due to interference with the coal caving trajectory. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0004] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device with a large deployment area and a high transition section top coal recovery rate.

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention further provides an ultra-large mining height caving top coal transition hydraulic support.

[0006] The multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises: a swing beam and a tail beam, wherein the tail beam is rotatably connected to the swing beam, an end of the swing beam away from the tail beam has a first ear seat, and the tail beam has a sliding cavity; a first driver connected to the swing beam, and configured to drive the swing beam to rotate around an axis of the first lug; a second driver connected between the swing beam and the tail beam, the second driver being used to drive the tail beam to swing relative to the swing beam; a plugboard and a third driver, wherein at least a portion of the plugboard is disposed in the sliding cavity and is movable relative to the tail beam, and the third driver is connected between the plugboard and the tail beam to drive the plugboard to move relative to the tail beam; A swing beam side guard plate and a fourth driver, wherein there are two swing beam side guard plates, and the two swing beam side guard plates are respectively arranged on both sides of the swing beam in its width direction, and the swing beam side guard plates are movable relative to the swing beam in the width direction of the swing beam, and the fourth driver is connected between the swing beam side guard plates and the swing beam to drive the swing beam side guard plates to move relative to the swing beam.

[0007] The multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device of the embodiment of the present invention can form a trapezoidal coal discharge window through the multi-stage linkage coordinated control of the swing beam, tail beam and insert plate, effectively increasing the expansion area of ​​the coal discharge window and solving the problem of top coal recovery in the transition section of the fully mechanized caving working face. The swing beam, tail beam and insert plate can be retracted to a compact form for easy transportation. During operation, the hydraulic system drives the components of each level to be deployed sequentially. The device has a large retraction and deployment range and high pitch and swing flexibility. It can fully surround and protect the key components of the rear scraper conveyor at the rear, and can also achieve directional collapse and efficient recovery of top coal. It provides a breakthrough solution for the industry and achieves an effective balance between deployment space and protection range.

[0008] In some embodiments, the swing beam has a first drive cavity and a second drive cavity, and the axis directions of the first drive cavity and the second drive cavity are consistent with the width direction of the swing beam; The fourth driver includes a swing beam side guard plate jack, a spring, two guide rods, and two push rods. The spring and guide rods are disposed in the first driving cavity. The two ends of the spring are respectively connected to one end of the two guide rods. The second ends of the two guide rods are respectively connected to the two swing beam side guard plates. The swing beam side guard plate jack and the push rod are arranged in the second driving cavity, the two ends of the swing beam side guard plate jack are respectively connected to one end of the two push rods, and the second ends of the two push rods are respectively connected to the two swing beam side guard plates.

[0009] In some embodiments, there are multiple first drive cavities and multiple second drive cavities, and the multiple first drive cavities and the multiple second drive cavities are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the swing beam; And / or, a fixing pin is detachably connected between the push rod and the swing beam, and between the guide rod and the swing beam, and a fixing pin seat connected to the fixing pin is provided on the swing beam.

[0010] In some embodiments, the swing beam comprises: A swing beam top plate, the swing beam top plate having a swing beam supporting surface; a plurality of swing beam main ribs, the plurality of swing beam main ribs being arranged in parallel along a first direction, the plurality of swing beam main ribs being connected to a side of the swing beam top plate facing away from the swing beam support surface and being arranged perpendicular to the swing beam top plate, and a reinforcement plate being provided between the swing beam main ribs and the swing beam top plate; a swing beam cover plate, the swing beam cover plate and the swing beam top plate being arranged parallel to each other along the second direction, the swing beam cover plate being connected between two adjacent swing beam main rib plates; a swing beam front end plate and a swing beam rear end plate, the swing beam front end plate and the swing beam rear end plate being arranged parallel to and opposite to each other in the third direction, the swing beam front end plate and the swing beam rear end plate being respectively connected to two ends of the swing beam main reinforcement plate, the swing beam top plate and the swing beam cover plate in the third direction to form a box-type structure; a plurality of sleeves, each sleeve extending along a first direction, each sleeve being passed through a plurality of the main ribs of the swing beam, wherein an inner cavity of the sleeve is configured as the first drive cavity or the second drive cavity; The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are orthogonal to each other.

[0011] In some embodiments, the swing beam top plate includes a main support plate and two auxiliary support plates, the two auxiliary support plates are arranged on both sides of the main support plate in the first direction, the main support plate has a main support surface, the auxiliary support plate has an auxiliary support surface, the main support surface protrudes from the two auxiliary support surfaces, the main support surface and the auxiliary support surfaces jointly constitute the swing beam support surface, and the swing beam side guard plate abuts against the auxiliary support surfaces and is movable in the first direction; And / or, there are multiple first ear seats, each of which includes two first ear plates arranged in parallel and spaced apart, the first ear plates being connected to the top plate of the swing beam and the front end plate of the swing beam, and an arc plate being provided between the two first ear plates; And / or, it also includes a plurality of second ear seats and a plurality of third ear seats, the second ear seat and the third ear seat are connected to the swing beam and are located on the side of the swing beam away from the swing beam support surface, the second ear seat is used to connect with the first driver, and the third ear seat is used to connect with the second driver, the second ear seat includes two second ear plates arranged in parallel and at intervals, the second ear plate is passed through the swing beam cover plate and connected to the swing beam top plate, and at least one second ear plate is affixed to and fixed to the swing beam main rib plate, the third ear seat includes two third ear plates arranged in parallel and at intervals, the third ear plate is passed through the swing beam cover plate and connected to the swing beam top plate, and at least one third ear plate is affixed to and fixed to the swing beam main rib plate, the second ear seat and the third ear seat correspond to each other one by one and are integrally formed; And / or, further comprising a plurality of tail beam hinged lugs, wherein the plurality of tail beam hinged lugs are arranged in parallel and at intervals between the rear end plate of the swing beam and the top plate of the swing beam; And / or, there are two side guard plates of the swing beam and they are respectively arranged on both sides of the swing beam in its first direction, the side guard plates of the swing beam include a guard plate top plate, a guard plate side plate and a guard plate lining plate, the guard plate top plate and the guard plate side plate are connected and arranged in an L shape, the guard plate top plate is abutted against the swing beam support surface, the guard plate side plate is located on the side of the swing beam in its first direction, the guard plate lining plate is parallel to the guard plate side plate and is connected to one end of the guard plate side plate, the guard plate lining plate is connected to the guard plate top plate and arranged in an L shape, the outer wall surface of the guard plate lining plate is lower than the outer wall surface of the guard plate side plate to form a sinking platform, the guard plate lining plate and / or the guard plate side plate are provided with a reinforcing plate and a connecting seat connected to the fourth drive.

[0012] In some embodiments, the tail beam includes a tail beam top plate, a tail beam side plate, a tail beam main rib plate, a tail beam cover plate, a tail beam front end plate and a tail beam lip plate, one side of the tail beam top plate is a tail beam support surface, a plurality of tail beam main rib plates are arranged between two tail beam side plates, the tail beam side plates and the tail beam main rib plates are arranged parallel and spaced apart in a first direction on the side of the tail beam top plate away from the tail beam support surface, the tail beam cover plate and the tail beam top plate are arranged oppositely and parallel in a second direction, the tail beam cover plate is arranged on the tail beam side plates and the tail beam adjacent thereto Between the main ribs of the beam, and between two adjacent main ribs of the tail beam, the front end plate of the tail beam and the lip plate of the tail beam are arranged parallel and opposite to each other in the third direction, the lip plate of the tail beam is in the shape of a rectangular frame, the front end plate of the tail beam and the lip plate of the tail beam are respectively connected to the two ends of the tail beam side plates, the main ribs of the tail beam, the top plate of the tail beam and the cover plate of the tail beam in the third direction, the main ribs of the tail beam divide the inner cavity surrounded by the top plate of the tail beam, the cover plate of the tail beam and the two side plates of the tail beam into a plurality of sliding sub-cavities, and the plurality of sliding sub-cavities are constructed as the sliding cavity; The tail boom is provided with a fourth ear seat and a fifth ear seat, the fourth ear seat is used to connect with the second driver, and the fifth ear seat is used to connect with the third driver; The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are orthogonal to each other.

[0013] In some embodiments, the fourth ear seat is located on the tail beam cover plate, the fourth ear seat includes two fourth ear plates arranged in parallel and spaced apart, the fourth ear plate is connected to the tail beam cover plate, and a reinforcement plate is provided between the fourth ear plate and the tail beam cover plate, and one of the fourth ear plates is integrally formed with the tail beam main rib plate; the fifth ear seat is provided in the sliding cavity, the fifth ear seat includes two fifth ear plates arranged in parallel and spaced apart, the fifth ear plate is connected to the tail beam top plate and the tail beam front end plate, and a connecting plate is provided between the fifth ear plate and the adjacent tail beam main rib plate; And / or, the tail beam main rib is divided into two to separate the inner cavity surrounded by the tail beam top plate, the tail beam cover plate and the two tail beam side plates into a first sliding sub-chamber, a second sliding sub-chamber and a third sliding sub-chamber, the first sliding sub-chamber, the second sliding sub-chamber and the third sliding sub-chamber are constructed as the sliding cavity, the third sliding sub-chamber is located between the first sliding sub-chamber and the second sliding sub-chamber, the fifth ear seat is arranged in the third sliding sub-chamber, a guide plate is provided on one side of the tail beam main rib adjacent to the third sliding sub-chamber, a sliding groove is defined between the guide plate and the tail beam top plate to limit and guide the inserting plate, and an opening is provided on the tail beam cover plate between the two tail beam main ribs; And / or, the tail beam cover plate is extended from the side of the tail beam side plate away from the tail beam top plate to construct a tail beam guard plate, and a tail beam hinged ear seat is provided between the tail beam front end plate and the tail beam top plate, and the tail beam hinged ear seat is used for rotationally connecting with the swing beam.

[0014] In some embodiments, the insert plate includes a first beam body, a second beam body, a coal blocking beam body, an insert plate lip plate, and a slotting tooth. The coal blocking beam body is located between the first beam body and the second beam body. The first beam body, the second beam body, and the coal blocking beam body are respectively arranged in different sliding sub-chambers. The first beam body and the second beam body are both box beams. A plurality of slotting teeth are arranged at intervals on the insert plate lip plate. The insert plate lip plate is connected to one end of the first beam body, the second beam body, and the coal blocking beam body. The cam is connected to the support frame of the second support member, and the cam is connected to the support frame by the support rod.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first driver, the second driver, the fourth driver, and the third driver are all arranged in parallel in plurality; And / or, the swing angle of the swing beam around the axis of the first ear seat is 0 to 30 degrees, and the swing angle of the tail beam relative to the swing beam is 0 to 25 degrees.

[0016] The ultra-large high-mining top coal caving transition hydraulic support according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises: base; A top beam, wherein a front column and a rear column are provided between the base and the top beam, and the top beam has a first end and a second end; A side guard device, the side guard device being arranged at a first end of the top beam; A multi-stage linkage large window coal discharging device, wherein the multi-stage linkage large window coal discharging device is the multi-stage linkage large window coal discharging device according to any of the above embodiments, and the multi-stage linkage large window coal discharging device is rotatably connected to the second end of the top beam; A regular four-bar linkage device includes a front link, a rear link and an oblique beam, one end of the oblique beam is rotatably connected to the top beam, and the second end of the oblique beam is inclined toward the direction close to the multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device. The front link and the rear link are connected between the oblique beam and the base to construct the regular four-bar linkage device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an ultra-large high-mining top coal caving transition hydraulic support according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an ultra-large high-mining top coal caving transition hydraulic support according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a swing beam in a multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a swing beam in a multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the AA direction.

[0024] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the middle BB direction.

[0025] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the side guard plates of the swing beam in the multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the tail beam in the multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of another perspective of the tail beam in the multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the inserting plate in the multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the swinging state of the swing beam in the multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of the swing beam side guard plates in the retracted state in the multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram showing a swing beam side guard plate located on the right side of the swing beam in a multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device in an embodiment of the present invention in an unfolded state.

[0032] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the swinging state of the tail beam in the multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 17 The figure is a schematic diagram of the telescopic state of the inserting plate in the multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 18 It is a schematic diagram of the gangue retaining state of the ultra-large high mining and top coal caving transition hydraulic support according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 19 It is a schematic diagram of the coal caving state of the ultra-large mining height caving top coal transition hydraulic support according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Reference numerals: 100. Ultra-large hydraulic support for high-mining top coal caving transition; 200. Multi-stage linkage large window coal caving device; 300. Rear scraper conveyor; 1. Base; 2. Top beam; 31. Front pillar; 32. Rear pillar; 33. Diagonal beam; 34. Front connecting rod; 35. Rear connecting rod; 4. Guard device; 5. Pendulum beam; 51. First lug seat; 511. First lug plate; 512. Arc plate; 52. Second lug seat; 521. Second lug plate; 53. Third lug seat; 531. Third lug plate; 54. Pendulum beam top plate; 541. Main support plate; 542. Secondary support plate; 55. Pendulum beam main rib plate; 56. Pendulum beam cover plate; 57. Pendulum beam front end plate; 58. Pendulum beam rear end plate; 581. Tail beam hinged lug plate; 59. Casing; 591. First drive cavity; 592. Second drive cavity; 6. Tail beam; 61. Tail beam top plate; 62. Tail beam side plates; 621. Tail beam guard plate; 63. Tail beam main rib plate; 631. Guide plate; 64. Tail beam cover plate; 65. Tail beam front end plate; 651. Tail beam hinged lug seat; 66. Tail beam lip plate; 67. Sliding cavity; 671. First sliding sub-chamber; 672. Second sliding sub-chamber; 673. Third sliding sub-chamber; 68. Fourth lug seat; 681. Fourth lug plate; 69. Fifth lug seat; 691. Fifth lug plate; 692. Connecting plate; 7. Insert plate; 71. First beam; 72. Second beam; 73. Coal retaining beam; 731. Coal retaining top plate; 732. Coal retaining side plate; 733. Coal retaining rib plate; 734. Coal retaining rib; 735. Fixing plate; 736. Fixing seat; 74. Insert plate lip; 75. Shaker; 76. Sixth lug seat; 8. Pendulum beam side guard plate; 81. Guard plate top plate; 82. Guard plate side plate; 83. Guard plate lining plate; 84. Connecting seat; 85. Reinforcement plate; 91. First driver; 92. Second driver; 93. Third driver; 94. Fourth driver; 941. Pendulum beam side guard plate jack; 942. Push rod; 943. Spring; 944. Guide rod; 945. Fixing pin; 946. Fixing pin seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0038] See also Figures 1-19 The multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device 200 of the embodiment of the present invention includes a swing beam 5, a tail beam 6, a plug plate 7, a first driver 91, a second driver 92 and a third driver 93.

[0039] The tail beam 6 is rotatably connected to the pendulum beam 5. The end of the pendulum beam 5 away from the tail beam 6 has a first ear seat 51. The first ear seat 51 is used to be rotatably connected to the top beam 2 of the hydraulic support, so that the pendulum beam 5 can pitch and swing relative to the top beam 2. Specifically, the pendulum beam 5 can swing relative to the top beam 2 in the general up and down directions shown in the figure. The first driver 91 is connected between the top beam 2 and the pendulum beam 5. The first driver 91 is used to drive the pendulum beam 5 to rotate around the axis of the first ear seat 51.

[0040] The second driver 92 is connected between the swing beam 5 and the tail beam 6 . The second driver 92 is used to drive the tail beam 6 to swing relative to the swing beam 5 in the substantially up and down directions shown in the figure.

[0041] The tail beam 6 has a sliding cavity 67. At least a portion of the insert plate 7 is disposed within the sliding cavity 67 and is movable relative to the tail beam 6. The sliding cavity 67 can position and guide the insert plate 7, thereby improving the structural rigidity of the insert plate 7 and the tail beam 6. The third driver 93 is connected between the insert plate 7 and the tail beam 6 to drive the insert plate 7 to move relative to the tail beam 6 in the general forward and backward direction shown in the figure.

[0042] There are also swing beam side guard plates 8 on both sides of the width direction of the swing beam 5 (in the left and right directions shown in the figure). There are two swing beam side guard plates 8. The swing beam side guard plates 8 are movable relative to the swing beam 5 in the width direction of the swing beam 5. The fourth driver 94 is connected between the swing beam side guard plates 8 and the swing beam 5 to drive the swing beam side guard plates 8 to move relative to the swing beam 5 in the left and right directions shown in the figure, thereby realizing the expansion or folding of the swing beam side guard plates 8 relative to the swing beam 5.

[0043] In this embodiment, the first driver 91, the second driver 92, the third driver 93 and the fourth driver 94 can all be hydraulic jacks, and there are multiple of them. For example, the first driver 91, the second driver 92, the third driver 93 and the fourth driver 94 are all in two groups. The two groups of drivers can balance the forces between the corresponding components to avoid lateral deviation or deformation when subjected to the pressure of falling coal, and have good structural stability.

[0044] In application, the swinging movement of the swing beam 5 relative to the top beam 2, the swinging movement of the tail beam 6 relative to the swing beam 5, and the telescopic movement of the insert plate 7 relative to the tail beam 6 can realize three-level linkage, thereby the posture of the coal placing device can be adjusted in a large range, and the posture adjustment flexibility is high. Its expansion space can be effectively adjusted under different working conditions, and a balance can be achieved in forming a coal placing window and performing range protection. It has good practicality. As a transition hydraulic support, it can avoid interference with the power components of the rear scraper conveyor 300. After reasonably adjusting the posture of the coal placing device, it can ensure protection of the rear scraper conveyor 300 while achieving effective coal placing.

[0045] The multi-stage linkage large-window coal caving device 200 of the embodiment of the present invention can form a trapezoidal coal caving window through the multi-stage linkage coordinated control of the swing beam 5, tail beam 6, and insert plate 7, effectively increasing the expansion area of ​​the coal caving window and solving the problem of top coal recovery in the transition section of the fully mechanized caving working face. The swing beam 5, tail beam 6, and insert plate 7 can be retracted to a compact form for easy transportation. During operation, the hydraulic system drives the components of each stage to unfold sequentially, with a large retraction and expansion range and high pitch and swing flexibility. It can fully surround and protect the key components of the rear scraper conveyor 300 at the rear, and can also achieve directional collapse and efficient recovery of top coal, providing a breakthrough solution for the industry and achieving an effective balance between expansion space and protection range.

[0046] See also Figure 5-Figure 8 In some embodiments, the swing beam 5 has a first drive cavity 591 and a second drive cavity 592, and the axial directions of the first drive cavity 591 and the second drive cavity 592 are consistent with the width direction of the swing beam 5. In other words, the first drive cavity 591 and the second drive cavity 592 extend along the left and right directions shown in the figure.

[0047] The fourth actuator 94 includes a swing beam side guard plate jack 941, a spring 943, two guide rods 944, and two push rods 942. The spring 943 and guide rods 944 are disposed within the first drive cavity 591. The two ends of the spring 943 are respectively connected to one end of the two guide rods 944, and the second ends of the two guide rods 944 are respectively connected to the two swing beam side guard plates 8. The swing beam side guard plate jack 941 and push rods 942 are disposed within the second drive cavity 592. The two ends of the swing beam side guard plate jack 941 are respectively connected to one end of the two push rods 942, and the second ends of the two push rods 942 are respectively connected to the two swing beam side guard plates 8.

[0048] Furthermore, there are multiple first drive cavities 591 and multiple second drive cavities 592, and the multiple first drive cavities 591 and the multiple second drive cavities 592 are spaced apart along the length of the swing beam 5. A fixing pin 945 is detachably connected between the push rod 942 and the swing beam 5, and between the guide rod 944 and the swing beam 5. The swing beam 5 is provided with a fixing pin seat 946 connected to the fixing pin 945.

[0049] In use, spring 943 is in a compressed state. When swing beam side guard plate jack 941 is in a free state, swing beam side guard plate 8 can be pushed and deployed by guide rod 944 under the elastic force of spring 943. Fixing pin 945 is used to fix push rod 942 or guide rod 944 to swing beam 5, playing a fixing role and preventing push rod 942 from moving within second drive cavity 592 or guide rod 944 from moving within first drive cavity 591. For example, when the swing beam side guard plate 8 on the left side of the swing beam 5 does not need to be unfolded, a fixing pin 945 can be provided between the guide rod 944 on the left and the swing beam 5, and between the push rod 942 on the left and the swing beam 5. Thus, the guide rod 944 and the push rod 942 on the left can serve as a base to provide a reverse force for the spring 943 and the swing beam side guard plate jack 941. At this time, the swing beam side guard plate jack 941 is in a free telescopic state, and the swing beam side guard plate 8 on the right side can be extended under the pushing action of the spring 943 and the guide rod 944. When it needs to be retracted, the swing beam side guard plate jack 941 contracts, driving the swing beam side guard plate 8 to return to the right side of the swing beam 5, and the spring 943 is under pressure.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present invention, there can be two first drive cavities 591 and two second drive cavities 592. The two second drive cavities 592 are located in the middle of the front-to-back direction of the swing beam 5, and the two first drive cavities 591 are respectively located at the two ends of the front-to-back direction of the swing beam 5. Thus, the four drive cavities are arranged side by side. During the movement, the guide rod 944 and the push rod 942 can guide and support the swing beam 5 to prevent the swing beam side guard plate jack 941 from being damaged by lateral force.

[0051] See also Figure 5-Figure 8 In some embodiments, the swing beam 5 includes a swing beam top plate 54 , a plurality of swing beam main ribs 55 , a swing beam cover plate 56 , a swing beam front end plate 57 , a swing beam rear end plate 58 and a plurality of sleeves 59 .

[0052] The swing beam top plate 54 has a swing beam 5 support surface. The upper surface of the swing beam top plate 54 shown in the figure is the swing beam 5 support surface. The swing beam 5 support surface is used to bear the coal gangue that collapses from the top plate and protect the rear scraper conveyor 300, power components and other auxiliary components under the swing beam 5. Of course, the swing beam side guard plate 8 can increase the protection range after being unfolded, and achieve effective cooperation with other adjacent hydraulic supports to improve the support effect.

[0053] Multiple swing beam main ribs 55 are arranged in parallel along a first direction, which is the general left-right direction shown in the figure. Multiple swing beam main ribs 55 are connected to the side of the swing beam top plate 54 that is away from the support surface of the swing beam 5 (the lower side of the swing beam 5 shown in the figure) and are arranged perpendicular to the swing beam top plate 54. A reinforcement plate 85 is provided between the swing beam main ribs 55 and the swing beam top plate 54. The reinforcement plate can improve the structural strength of the swing beam main ribs 55 and the swing beam top plate 54, optimize the force conditions at different positions, reduce stress concentration problems, and avoid deformation.

[0054] The swing beam cap plate 56 is arranged parallel to the swing beam top plate 54 along a second direction, which is generally the vertical direction as shown in the figure. The swing beam cap plate 56 is connected between two adjacent swing beam main ribs 55. The swing beam front end plate 57 and the swing beam rear end plate 58 are arranged parallel and opposite to each other in a third direction, which is generally the front-to-back direction as shown in the figure. The swing beam front end plate 57 and the swing beam rear end plate 58 are respectively connected to the swing beam main ribs 55, the swing beam top plate 54, and the swing beam cap plate 56 at both ends in the third direction, forming a box-like structure. This ensures that the overall structure of the swing beam 5 is stable and highly resistant to deformation. When supporting coal gangue caused by roof collapse, it can be guaranteed not to deform, providing effective support and increased safety.

[0055] In this embodiment, the sleeve 59 extends along a first direction and is disposed on multiple swing beam main ribs 55. The inner cavity of the sleeve 59 is configured as a first drive cavity 591 or a second drive cavity 592. For example, four sleeves 59 are provided, each of which forms two first drive cavities 591 and two second drive cavities 592. The first drive cavity 591 is used to accommodate the spring 943 and the guide rod 944, while the second drive cavity 592 is used to accommodate the swing beam side guard plate jack 941 and the push rod 942.

[0056] In this embodiment, the first, second, and third directions are orthogonal to each other. When the base 1 of the transition hydraulic support is horizontal, the height of the transition hydraulic support is the vertical direction shown in the figure, the width of the transition hydraulic support is the horizontal direction shown in the figure, and the length of the transition hydraulic support is the front-to-back direction shown in the figure. After the coal caving device is assembled on the transition hydraulic support, since the swing beam 5, tail beam 6, and insert plate 7 in the coal caving device are all located at the rear end of the top beam 2 and can oscillate in pitch and roll, the first direction of this embodiment is parallel to the left-to-right direction shown in the figure. The first direction is the left-to-right direction and can be the width direction of the swing beam 5, tail beam 6, and insert plate 7. The second direction is at a predetermined angle to the vertical direction shown in the figure and extends generally in the vertical direction. The second direction can be the thickness direction of the swing beam 5, tail beam 6, and insert plate 7. The third direction is at a predetermined angle to the front-to-back direction shown in the figure and extends generally in the front-to-back direction. The third direction is the length direction of the swing beam 5, tail beam 6, and insert plate 7.

[0057] See also Figure 5-Figure 8 In some embodiments, the swing beam top plate 54 includes a main support plate 541 and two auxiliary support plates 542. The two auxiliary support plates 542 are arranged on both sides of the main support plate 541 in the first direction. The main support plate 541 has a main support surface, and the auxiliary support plate 542 has an auxiliary support surface. The main support surface protrudes from the two auxiliary support surfaces. The main support surface and the auxiliary support surface jointly construct the support surface of the swing beam 5. The swing beam side guard plate 8 abuts against the auxiliary support surface and is movable in the first direction.

[0058] See also Figure 9 There are two side guard plates 8 of the swing beam and they are respectively arranged on both sides of the swing beam 5 in its first direction. The side guard plates 8 of the swing beam include a guard plate top plate 81, a guard plate side plate 82 and a guard plate lining plate 83. The guard plate top plate 81 and the guard plate side plates 82 are connected and arranged in an L shape. The guard plate top plate 81 is in contact with the support surface of the swing beam 5 and the guard plate side plates 82 are located on the side of the swing beam 5 in its first direction. The guard plate lining plate 83 is parallel to the guard plate side plates 82 and is connected to one end of the guard plate side plates 82. The guard plate lining plate 83 is connected to the guard plate top plate 81 and is arranged in an L shape. The outer wall surface of the guard plate lining plate 83 is lower than the outer wall surface of the guard plate side plates 82 to form a sinking platform. The guard plate lining plate 83 and / or the guard plate side plates 82 are provided with a reinforcing plate 85 and a connecting seat 84 connected to the fourth driver 94.

[0059] It will be appreciated that the main support plate 541 and the two auxiliary support plates 542 are arranged in a generally "X" shape, with the ends of the support surface of the swing beam 5 in the first direction lower than the middle portion. This facilitates the connection between the swing beam side guard plate 8 and the auxiliary support plates 542. When the guard plate top plate 81 of the swing beam side guard plate 8 abuts the auxiliary support surface, the end surface of the guard plate top plate 81 and the main support plate 541 are flush. In this embodiment, the outer wall surface of the guard plate lining 83 is lower than the outer wall surface of the guard plate side plates 82, thereby forming a sunken platform. This sunken platform can overlap with the top beam 2 side guard plate on the top beam 2 of the transition hydraulic support to prevent interference between the top beam 2 side guard plate and the swing beam side guard plate 8.

[0060] See also Figure 5-Figure 8 In some embodiments, multiple first lugs 51 are provided. Each of the first lugs 51 includes two parallel, spaced-apart first lug plates 511 . The first lug plates 511 are connected to the swing beam top plate 54 and the swing beam front plate 57 . A curved plate 512 is disposed between the two first lug plates 511 . The curved plate 512 connects the two first lug plates 511 , enhancing structural stability. The forces acting on the first lugs 51 are dispersed step by step through the swing beam front plate 57 , the swing beam top plate 54 , and the swing beam main rib 55 . This effectively avoids localized stress concentration, ensuring the structural stability of the first lugs 51 while also improving the structural stability of the connecting portions.

[0061] Furthermore, the pendulum beam 5 also includes a plurality of second ear seats 52 and a plurality of third ear seats 53. The second ear seats 52 and the third ear seats 53 are connected to the pendulum beam 5 and are located on the side of the pendulum beam 5 away from the support surface of the pendulum beam 5. The second ear seat 52 is used to connect with the first driver 91, and the third ear seat 53 is used to connect with the second driver 92. The second ear seat 52 includes two second ear plates 521 that are parallel and spaced apart. The second ear plates 521 are passed through the pendulum beam cover plate 56 and connected to the pendulum beam top plate 54, and at least one second ear plate 521 is attached to and fixed to the pendulum beam main rib plate 55, thereby improving the structural strength and anti-lateral deviation capability of the second ear plate 521. By using the pendulum beam main rib plate 55 to constrain the second ear plate 521, the force borne by the second ear seat 52 can be better dispersed through the pendulum beam main rib plate 55 to avoid local stress concentration. The third lug 53 includes two parallel, spaced-apart third lugs 531. These lugs 531 penetrate the swing beam cover plate 56 and connect to the swing beam top plate 54. At least one of the third lugs 531 is affixed to and secured to the swing beam main rib 55. The second lug 52 and third lug 53 correspond to each other and are integrally formed. This improves the structural strength and lateral resistance of the third lugs 531. By constraining the third lugs 531 with the swing beam main rib 55, the forces acting on the third lug 531 are better distributed through the swing beam main rib 55, avoiding localized stress concentration.

[0062] In this embodiment, the second ear seat 52 and the third ear seat 53 are designed to be integrally formed, which is convenient for integrated production. At the same time, after being connected with other components in the swing beam 5, the structural stability is better and the force-bearing performance is effectively improved.

[0063] See also Figure 5-Figure 8 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 In some embodiments, the swing beam 5 further includes a plurality of tail beam hinge lugs 581, which are arranged in parallel and spaced apart between the swing beam rear end plate 58 and the swing beam top plate 54. The tail beam hinge lugs 581 are used to hinge with the tail beam 6, allowing the tail beam 6 to swing relative to the swing beam 5.

[0064] The tail beam 6 includes a tail beam top plate 61, a tail beam side plate 62, a tail beam main rib plate 63, a tail beam cover plate 64, a tail beam front end plate 65 and a tail beam lip plate 66. One side surface of the tail beam top plate 61 (the end surface facing upward as shown in the figure) is the support surface of the tail beam 6. A plurality of tail beam main rib plates 63 are arranged between the two tail beam side plates 62. The tail beam side plates 62 and the tail beam main rib plates 63 are arranged in parallel and at intervals along a first direction (the general left-right direction as shown in the figure) on the side of the tail beam top plate 61 away from the support surface of the tail beam 6 (the end surface facing downward as shown in the figure). The tail beam cover plate 64 and the tail beam top plate 61 are relative to each other in a second direction (the general up-down direction as shown in the figure). And they are arranged in parallel, the tail beam cover plate 64 is arranged between the tail beam side plate 62 and the adjacent tail beam main rib plate 63, and between the two adjacent tail beam main rib plates 63, the tail beam front end plate 65 and the tail beam lip plate 66 are arranged in parallel and oppositely in the third direction, the tail beam lip plate 66 is in the shape of a rectangular frame, the tail beam front end plate 65 and the tail beam lip plate 66 are respectively connected to the two ends of the tail beam side plate 62, the tail beam main rib plate 63, the tail beam top plate 61 and the tail beam cover plate 64 in the third direction, the tail beam main rib plate 63 divides the inner cavity surrounded by the tail beam top plate 61, the tail beam cover plate 64 and the two tail beam side plates 62 into multiple sliding sub-chambers, and the multiple sliding sub-chambers are constructed as a sliding cavity 67.

[0065] A tail beam cover plate 64 extends from the side of the tail beam side plate 62 away from the tail beam top plate 61 to form a tail beam guard plate 621. The tail beam guard plate 621 can improve the side covering of the tail beam 6 and improve the protection performance of the equipment located below the tail beam 6. A tail beam hinged ear seat 651 is provided between the tail beam front end plate 65 and the tail beam top plate 61. The tail beam hinged ear seat 651 is used for rotationally connecting with the pendulum beam 5. It can be understood that the tail beam hinged ear seat 651 and the tail beam hinged ear plate 581 located on the pendulum beam 5 are connected together by a hinge shaft.

[0066] The tail beam 6 of this embodiment has a box-like structure, which provides excellent overall structural stability and a lightweight design, optimizing the force applied to different locations of the tail beam 6. Multiple sliding sub-chambers are formed within the tail beam 6, which guide and limit the insert plate 7 without affecting the overall structural strength of the tail beam 6. This ensures excellent structural stability of the insert plate 7 and tail beam 6, and enhances the supporting and protective effects of the insert plate 7 and tail beam 6.

[0067] The tail boom 6 is provided with a fourth lug 68 and a fifth lug 69. The fourth lug 68 is provided on the fourth lug 68 for connecting to the second actuator 92, and the fifth lug 69 is provided for connecting to the third actuator 93. The fourth lug 68 is located on the tail boom cover plate 64 and includes two fourth lug plates 681 arranged parallel and spaced apart. The fourth lug plates 681 are connected to the tail boom cover plate 64, and a reinforcement plate 85 is provided between the fourth lug plates 681 and the tail boom cover plate 64. One of the fourth lug plates 681 is integrally formed with the tail boom main rib 63, thereby improving the structural strength and anti-lateral deflection capability of the fourth lug plate 681. By constraining the fourth lug plate 681 with the tail boom main rib 63, the force acting on the fourth lug 68 can be better distributed through the tail boom main rib 63, thereby avoiding localized stress concentration. The fifth ear seat 69 is arranged in the sliding cavity 67. The fifth ear seat 69 includes two fifth ear plates 691 arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The fifth ear plate 691 is connected to the tail beam top plate 61 and the tail beam front end plate 65. A connecting plate 692 is provided between the fifth ear plate 691 and the adjacent tail beam main rib plate 63, thereby improving the structural stability of the fifth ear plate 691.

[0068] See also Figure 10 and Figure 11 In some embodiments, the tail beam main rib 63 is divided into two inner cavities surrounded by the tail beam top plate 61, the tail beam cover plate 64 and the two tail beam side plates 62, into a first sliding sub-chamber 671, a second sliding sub-chamber 672 and a third sliding sub-chamber 673. The first sliding sub-chamber 671, the second sliding sub-chamber 672 and the third sliding sub-chamber 673 are configured as a sliding chamber 67. The third sliding sub-chamber 673 is located between the first sliding sub-chamber 671 and the second sliding sub-chamber 672. The fifth ear seat 69 is provided in the third sliding sub-chamber 673. A guide plate 631 is provided on one side of the tail beam main rib 63 adjacent to the third sliding sub-chamber 673. A sliding groove is defined between the guide plate 631 and the tail beam top plate 61 to limit and guide the inserting plate 7. An opening is provided on the tail beam cover plate 64 between the two tail beam main ribs 63. The arrangement of the openings facilitates the installation of the fifth ear seat 69 and the third driver 93 and facilitates subsequent maintenance.

[0069] See also Figure 12The insert plate 7 includes a first beam 71, a second beam 72, a coal blocking beam 73, an insert plate lip 74, and a spline 75. The coal blocking beam 73 is located between the first beam 71 and the second beam 72. The first beam 71, the second beam 72, and the coal blocking beam 73 are respectively arranged in different sliding sub-cavities. The first beam 71 and the second beam 72 are respectively slidably arranged in the first sliding sub-cavity 671 and the second sliding sub-cavity 672, and the coal blocking beam 73 is slidably arranged in the third sliding sub-cavity 673. This can improve the stability of the connection structure between the insert plate 7 and the tail beam 6, while ensuring guidance without affecting the structural strength of the tail beam 6 and the insert plate 7, thereby ensuring the support and protection effect of the tail beam 6 and the insert plate 7. The first beam 71 and the second beam 72 are both box beams. Reinforcement plates 85 can also be provided inside the first beam 71 and the second beam 72 to improve structural stability. Multiple inserts 75 are spaced apart on a lip plate 74, which is connected to one end of the first beam 71, the second beam 72, and the coal-blocking beam 73. In this embodiment, the first beam 71, the second beam 72, and the coal-blocking beam 73 are connected together by the lip plate 74, achieving synchronized telescopic movement, which improves the ability to withstand falling coal. Even if individual components are damaged by impact, the operation of other components is not affected, and replacement is easy, reducing maintenance costs.

[0070] In this embodiment, the inserting plate 7 and the tail beam 6 improve the overall structural strength while ensuring effective connection. The expanded area of ​​the inserting plate 7 can be larger, and the telescopic movement stability is better, so that it meets the needs of both coal placement and protection.

[0071] Furthermore, the coal blocking beam body 73 includes a coal blocking top plate 731, a coal blocking side plate 732, a coal blocking rib plate 733, a coal blocking reinforcement rib 734 and a fixed plate 735. The coal blocking top plate 731 has a coal blocking support surface. The coal blocking side plates 732 are connected to both sides of the coal blocking top plate 731 in its first direction. The coal blocking rib plate 733 is parallel to the coal blocking side plates 732 and is arranged on the side of the coal blocking top plate 731 away from the coal blocking support surface. The coal blocking reinforcement rib 734 is connected between the coal blocking side plates 732 and the adjacent coal blocking rib plate 733, and / or Connected between two adjacent coal-blocking rib plates 733, multiple fixed plates 735 are connected to one end of the coal-blocking top plate 731 close to the insert plate lip plate 74, and a box-type structure fixed seat 736 is formed between the fixed plate 735 and the coal-blocking top plate 731 and the coal-blocking side plate 732. A sixth ear seat 76 is provided on the side of the coal-blocking top plate 731 facing away from the coal-blocking support surface. The sixth ear seat 76 is connected to the fixed seat 736, and a reinforcing plate 85 is provided between the sixth ear seat 76 and the coal-blocking side plate 732. The sixth ear seat 76 is used to connect with the third driver 93. In this embodiment, the box-type structure of the first beam 71 and the second beam 72 is used to reinforce the structure of the coal-blocking beam 73. The bottom of the coal-blocking beam 73 is an open structure, which is convenient for the installation of the third driver 93 and improves space utilization. The telescopic direction of the third driver 93 is consistent with the telescopic direction of the coal-blocking beam 73 and the tail beam 6, thereby improving the stability of the third driver 93 and avoiding bending and deformation of the piston rod of the third driver 93 after the third driver 93 is subjected to lateral force. Especially in the process of coal discharge, the insert plate 7 is impacted by the falling coal and is in a high-frequency vibration state. The overall structural stability of the third driver 93, the tail beam 6 and the insert plate 7 is good, which can greatly reduce the damage to the third driver 93.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first actuator 91, second actuator 92, third actuator 93, and fourth actuator 94 are each arranged in two parallel groups, which can better ensure stable force distribution, prevent lateral deviation of components, and achieve a better support effect. For example, the two groups of first actuators 91, two groups of second actuators 92, and two groups of third actuators 93 are arranged generally symmetrically in the left-right direction as shown in the figure, and the two groups of fourth actuators 94 are arranged generally symmetrically along the length of the swing beam 5. This allows the two identical groups of actuators to operate synchronously, achieving more stable support and better overall protection.

[0073] See also Figures 1-19The ultra-large mining height top coal caving transition hydraulic support 100 of an embodiment of the present invention includes a base 1, a top beam 2, a side guard device 4, a multi-stage linkage large window coal caving device 200 and a positive four-bar linkage device. A front column 31 and a rear column 32 are provided between the base 1 and the top beam 2. The top beam 2 has a first end and a second end; the side guard device 4 is provided at the first end of the top beam 2; the multi-stage linkage large window coal caving device 200 is a multi-stage linkage large window coal caving device 200 according to any one of the above embodiments, and the multi-stage linkage large window coal caving device 200 is rotatably connected to the second end of the top beam 2. The regular four-bar linkage includes a front link 34, a rear link 35 and an oblique beam 33. One end of the oblique beam 33 is rotatably connected to the top beam 2, and the second end of the oblique beam 33 is inclined toward the direction close to the multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device 200 (the rear as shown in the figure), thereby forming a passage space between the front link 34 and the front column 31, and a passage space is also formed on the base 1 in front of the front column 31. Compared with the problem of narrow passage space behind the front column 31 in the related art, the width of the passage space between the front column 31 and the front link 34 in this embodiment is increased by more than 40%, and the passage space between the front column 31 and the front link 34 is safer. The front link 34 and the rear link 35 are connected between the oblique beam 33 and the base 1 to construct a regular four-bar linkage. Preferably, there can be two front links 34 and two rear links 35, and the two front links 34 are symmetrically arranged between the oblique beam 33 and the base 1 in the left-right direction, and the two rear links 35 are symmetrically arranged between the oblique beam 33 and the base 1 in the left-right direction, thereby improving the anti-lateral deviation ability of the top beam 2 and the base 1.

[0074] In the embodiment of the present invention, the swing angle of the swing beam 5 rotating around the axis of the first ear seat 51 is 0 to 30 degrees. In other words, the swing angle of the swing beam 5 relative to the top beam 2 is 0 to 30 degrees, and the swing angle of the tail beam 6 relative to the swing beam 5 is 0 to 25 degrees. When adjusting the posture of the multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device 200, the adjustment range is larger, and the posture is better matched with the rear scraper conveyor 300, thereby realizing coal discharge in the transition section, and improving the coal discharge rate in the transition section, realizing directional collapse and efficient recovery of the top coal.

[0075] Compared with the related art where the top coal recovery rate at the transition hydraulic support position is lower than 60%, and excessive mixing of gangue leads to a decrease in coal quality, the ultra-large mining height top coal caving transition hydraulic support 100 of the embodiment of the present invention can provide a large window for coal caving through multi-stage linkage, and the posture adjustment is more flexible, thereby effectively controlling the mixing of gangue, greatly improving the top coal recovery rate and coal quality.

[0076] Compared with the related art, when workers need to pass through the front column 31 of the hydraulic support, and then pass through the space between the front column 31 and the front scraper conveyor, which is closer to the working surface, the safety risk factor is high, and they are easily injured by sliding coal blocks. In this embodiment, the passage space is safer, away from the working surface, and can be protected by the front column 31, ensuring the safety of the workers, especially in the application of working faces with ultra-large mining heights.

[0077] The ultra-large mining height caving transition hydraulic support 100, proposed in an embodiment of the present invention, utilizes a positive four-bar linkage stabilization mechanism instead of the traditional reverse four-bar layout. This significantly improves underground accessibility and equipment maintenance safety while maintaining the support's overall rigidity. Furthermore, an innovative three-stage linkage shielding system consisting of a swing beam 5, tail beam 6, and insert plate 7 is designed. Through coordinated hydraulic control, a trapezoidal, expandable caving window is formed, effectively resolving the problem of limited tail support space in caving transition hydraulic supports, which prevents caving.

[0078] The ultra-large, high-mining, top-coal transition hydraulic support 100, proposed in this embodiment of the present invention, features swing beam side guards 8. These utilize a combined drive mechanism of compression springs 943 and jacks to achieve unilateral automatic deployment and hydraulic retraction, preventing tail gangue from escaping from the rear of the hydraulic support and preventing interference with the rear scraper conveyor 300. The inserting plate 7 integrates a coal-blocking beam 73 and tapered slotted teeth 75. Precisely controlled by guide plates 631 and jacks, it reduces resistance to gangue insertion while simultaneously achieving dynamic sealing and gangue interception at the coal caving opening.

[0079] The ultra-large mining height caving transition hydraulic support 100 of the present invention utilizes a box-type structure consisting of main ribs, side panels, cover plates, and end plates for both the swing beam 5 and tail beam 6. This significantly enhances impact load resistance and provides stable stress distribution across all areas, meeting the requirements for strong dynamic pressure support in mining heights exceeding 7 meters. The modular box structure design of the lugs not only enhances structural stability but also optimizes the motion trajectory of the three-stage linkage mechanism through optimized lug positioning. The expanded coal caving window area is doubled compared to traditional solutions, resulting in smoother and more stable operation.

[0080] In the ultra-large high mining and top coal caving transition hydraulic support 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, the third driver 93 is arranged in the sliding cavity 67, and the fifth ear seat 69 adopts a connecting plate 692 to strengthen the structure and is integrated with the tail beam main rib plate 63. While ensuring the stability of large-stroke telescopic movement, the tail beam side plate 62 is formed with a tail beam guard plate 621, which can provide full enclosure protection for the rear conveyor power unit.

[0081] The overall structure of the ultra-large mining height and top coal caving transition hydraulic support 100 of the embodiment of the present invention can maintain a compact shape in the transportation state, occupying a small space, having a low center of gravity and good structural stability. When working, the hydraulic system sequentially drives the components of each level to unfold, and it has the functions of large mining height support, efficient coal caving and equipment protection, and is suitable for efficient mining of extra-thick and complex coal seams.

[0082] The following describes the operating principle of the multi-stage linkage large window coal caving device 200 in the ultra-large mining height caving transition hydraulic support 100: See also Figure 13 When the swing beam 5 swings relative to the top beam 2, one end of the first actuator 91 is hinged to the transition hydraulic support base 1, and the push end is hinged to the second ear seat 52. The push rod of the first actuator 91 extends, driving the swing beam 5 to rotate around the top beam 2 through the first ear seat 51. The rotation angle θ1 can be 0 to 30 degrees.

[0083] See also Figure 14 and Figure 15 The retraction and extension of the swing beam side guard 8 are as follows: When the swing beam side guard 8 on the left side of the swing beam 5 is retracted and the swing beam side guard 8 on the right side of the swing beam 5 is extended, the fixing pin 945 is installed between the push rod 942 connected to the swing beam side guard 8 on the left side of the swing beam 5 and the swing beam 5, locking the left swing beam side guard 8 and extending the fourth actuator 94. To retract the right side guard 8 on the swing beam 5, the fourth actuator 94 is retracted, driving the push rod 942 connected to the right side guard 8 on the swing beam 5 back into the second drive cavity 592. Simultaneously, the guide rod 944 connected to the right side guard 8 on the swing beam 5 is compressed and retracted back into the first drive cavity 591. The spring 943 is compressed until the right side guard 8 on the swing beam 5 is in contact with the right side of the swing beam 5. The action stops, and the retraction of the right side guard 8 on the swing beam 5 is completed.

[0084] When the one-way lock of the fourth driver 94 is opened (the push rod is in a free state), the compressed spring 943 is expanded under the action of elastic potential energy, thereby pushing the guide rod 944 of the right side swing beam side guard plate 8 out of the first drive cavity 591, and then driving the swing beam side guard plate 8 on the right side of the swing beam 5 to move to the right relative to the swing beam 5, and at the same time driving the push rod of the fourth driver 94 to extend under the drive of the swing beam side guard plate 8 and the push rod 942, until the side guard of the swing beam 5 is in close contact with the side guard plate of the hydraulic support adjacent to the right, the action is completed, and the expansion of the swing beam side guard plate 8 on the right side of the swing beam 5 is completed.

[0085] See also Figure 16When the tail beam 6 rotates relative to the pendulum beam 5, one end of the second actuator 92 is hinged to the third lug 53 of the pendulum beam 5, and the push end of the second actuator 92 is hinged to the fourth lug 68 of the tail beam 6. The push rod of the second actuator 92 extends, causing the tail beam 6 to rotate relative to the pendulum beam 5 around the revolute joint formed by the tail beam hinge lug 581 and the tail beam hinge lug 651. The rotation angle θ2 of the tail beam 6 relative to the pendulum beam 5 can be between 0 and 25 degrees.

[0086] See also Figure 17 The first and second beams 71 and 72 of the insert plate 7 are mounted within the first and second sliding sub-cavities 671 and 672 of the tail beam 6, maintaining a certain clearance between them to ensure smooth sliding. The coal retaining beam 73 is entirely inserted into the third sliding sub-cavity 673 of the tail beam 6 and, guided by the guide plate 631 within the third sliding sub-cavity 673, can slide smoothly. The fixed ends of the two third actuators 93 are hinged to the fifth lug 69 of the tail beam 6, while the push end of the third actuator 93 is hinged to the sixth lug 76 of the coal retaining beam 73. The main structure of the third actuator 93 is located in the space below the coal retaining beam 73, avoiding motion interference. When the third actuator 93 is extended, it drives the insert plate 7 to slide within the sliding cavity 67 of the tail beam 6. The distance L1 that the insert plate 7 extends relative to the tail beam 6 controls the size of the coal discharge window. By controlling the reciprocating telescopic movement of the insert plate 7, multiple interval coal discharges can be achieved.

[0087] See also Figure 18When blocking rock, the first actuator 91 extends, driving the swing beam 5 to swing upward. The fourth actuator 94 is in a free state, and the swing beam side guard 8 is deployed under the elastic potential energy of the spring 943. For example, when the swing beam side guard 8 on the right side of the swing beam 5 is deployed, the swing beam side guard 8 on the left side of the swing beam 5 is locked. The guide rod 944 connected to the swing beam side guard 8 on the right side of the swing beam 5 is extended from the first drive cavity 591 under the action of the spring 943, thereby simultaneously driving the fourth actuator 94 and the push rod 942 on the right side of the fourth actuator 94 to extend until the swing beam side guard 8 on the right side of the swing beam 5 is in close contact with the side guard of the adjacent hydraulic support on the right, preventing rock leakage between the supports. The second actuator 92 extends, causing the tail beam 6 to rotate upward through the revolving pair formed by the tail beam hinge ear plate 581 and the tail beam hinge ear seat 651. The third actuator 93 extends, pushing the coal-blocking beam 73 to slide within the third sliding sub-chamber 673. Simultaneously, the first and second beams 71 and 72 slide within their corresponding sliding sub-chambers, driving the entire insert plate 7 to slide relative to the tail beam 6 within the sliding chamber 67. Ultimately, a three-stage linkage shielding system (swing beam 5, tail beam 6, insert plate 7) is formed. This protects the power unit of the rear scraper conveyor 300 while effectively shielding the goaf from waste rock, preventing it from entering the scraper trough of the rear scraper conveyor 300. These four actions can be performed simultaneously, and the order of these actions can be set by the controller.

[0088] See also Figure 19 During coal discharge, the first actuator 91 retracts, driving the swing beam 5 to swing downward. The fourth actuator 94 retracts, and the swing beam side guard 8 on the right side of the swing beam 5 is driven by the push rod 942 to retract. Simultaneously, the guide rod 944 and spring 943, which compress the swing beam side guard 8 on the right side of the swing beam 5, retract into the first drive cavity 591. The retraction range can be determined as needed, such as full retraction or partial retraction to ensure an effective support range. The second actuator 92 retracts, and the tail beam 6 rotates downward via the revolving pair formed by the tail beam hinge lug 581 and the tail beam hinge lug seat 651. The third driver 93 retracts, and the third driver 93 pulls the coal blocking beam 73 to slide in the third sliding sub-chamber 673. At the same time, the first beam 71 and the second beam 72 slide in the corresponding sliding sub-chambers, driving the insert plate 7 as a whole to slide in the sliding chamber 67 relative to the tail beam 6. The sliding distance of the insert plate 7 in the direction close to the tail beam 6 can be adjusted according to the different stages of coal discharge, and can also be adjusted according to the amount of mixed gangue. At this time, the coal discharge window is opened, and the top coal above the tail of the hydraulic support for top coal discharge is smoothly discharged into the scraper groove of the rear scraper conveyor 300. At the same time, the remaining protective space of the large window coal discharge mechanism can ensure the safety of the rear scraper conveyor 300 and avoid mechanical interference. The above four actions can be performed simultaneously, and the action sequence can be set by the controller.

[0089] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0090] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0091] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0092] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0093] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are mutually inconsistent.

[0094] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device, characterized in that: include: a swing beam and a tail beam, wherein the tail beam is rotatably connected to the swing beam, an end of the swing beam away from the tail beam has a first ear seat, and the tail beam has a sliding cavity; a first driver connected to the swing beam, and configured to drive the swing beam to rotate around an axis of the first lug; a second driver connected between the swing beam and the tail beam, the second driver being used to drive the tail beam to swing relative to the swing beam; a plugboard and a third driver, wherein at least a portion of the plugboard is disposed in the sliding cavity and is movable relative to the tail beam, and the third driver is connected between the plugboard and the tail beam to drive the plugboard to move relative to the tail beam; A swing beam side guard plate and a fourth driver, wherein there are two swing beam side guard plates, and the two swing beam side guard plates are respectively arranged on both sides of the swing beam in its width direction, and the swing beam side guard plates are movable relative to the swing beam in the width direction of the swing beam, and the fourth driver is connected between the swing beam side guard plates and the swing beam to drive the swing beam side guard plates to move relative to the swing beam.

2. The multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The swing beam has a first drive cavity and a second drive cavity, and the axis directions of the first drive cavity and the second drive cavity are consistent with the width direction of the swing beam; The fourth driver includes a swing beam side guard plate jack, a spring, two guide rods, and two push rods. The spring and guide rods are disposed in the first driving cavity. The two ends of the spring are respectively connected to one end of the two guide rods. The second ends of the two guide rods are respectively connected to the two swing beam side guard plates. The swing beam side guard plate jack and the push rod are arranged in the second driving cavity, the two ends of the swing beam side guard plate jack are respectively connected to one end of the two push rods, and the second ends of the two push rods are respectively connected to the two swing beam side guard plates.

3. The multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: There are multiple first drive cavities and multiple second drive cavities, and the multiple first drive cavities and the multiple second drive cavities are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the swing beam; And / or, a fixing pin is detachably connected between the push rod and the swing beam, and between the guide rod and the swing beam, and a fixing pin seat connected to the fixing pin is provided on the swing beam.

4. The multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The swing beam comprises: A swing beam top plate, the swing beam top plate having a swing beam supporting surface; a plurality of swing beam main ribs, the plurality of swing beam main ribs being arranged in parallel along a first direction, the plurality of swing beam main ribs being connected to a side of the swing beam top plate facing away from the swing beam support surface and being arranged perpendicular to the swing beam top plate, and a reinforcement plate being provided between the swing beam main ribs and the swing beam top plate; a swing beam cover plate, the swing beam cover plate and the swing beam top plate being arranged parallel to each other along the second direction, the swing beam cover plate being connected between two adjacent swing beam main rib plates; a swing beam front end plate and a swing beam rear end plate, the swing beam front end plate and the swing beam rear end plate being arranged parallel to and opposite to each other in the third direction, the swing beam front end plate and the swing beam rear end plate being respectively connected to two ends of the swing beam main reinforcement plate, the swing beam top plate and the swing beam cover plate in the third direction to form a box-type structure; a plurality of sleeves, each sleeve extending along a first direction, each sleeve being passed through a plurality of the main ribs of the swing beam, wherein an inner cavity of the sleeve is configured as the first drive cavity or the second drive cavity; The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are orthogonal to each other.

5. The multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The swing beam top plate includes a main support plate and two auxiliary support plates, the two auxiliary support plates are arranged on both sides of the main support plate in the first direction, the main support plate has a main support surface, the auxiliary support plate has an auxiliary support surface, the main support surface protrudes from the two auxiliary support surfaces, the main support surface and the auxiliary support surfaces jointly constitute the swing beam support surface, and the swing beam side guard plate abuts against the auxiliary support surfaces and is movable in the first direction; And / or, there are multiple first ear seats, each of which includes two first ear plates arranged in parallel and spaced apart, the first ear plates being connected to the top plate of the swing beam and the front end plate of the swing beam, and an arc plate being provided between the two first ear plates; And / or, it also includes a plurality of second ear seats and a plurality of third ear seats, the second ear seat and the third ear seat are connected to the swing beam and are located on the side of the swing beam away from the swing beam support surface, the second ear seat is used to connect with the first driver, and the third ear seat is used to connect with the second driver, the second ear seat includes two second ear plates arranged in parallel and at intervals, the second ear plate is passed through the swing beam cover plate and connected to the swing beam top plate, and at least one second ear plate is affixed to and fixed to the swing beam main rib plate, the third ear seat includes two third ear plates arranged in parallel and at intervals, the third ear plate is passed through the swing beam cover plate and connected to the swing beam top plate, and at least one third ear plate is affixed to and fixed to the swing beam main rib plate, the second ear seat and the third ear seat correspond to each other one by one and are integrally formed; And / or, further comprising a plurality of tail beam hinged lugs, wherein the plurality of tail beam hinged lugs are arranged in parallel and at intervals between the rear end plate of the swing beam and the top plate of the swing beam; And / or, there are two side guard plates of the swing beam and they are respectively arranged on both sides of the swing beam in its first direction, the side guard plates of the swing beam include a guard plate top plate, a guard plate side plate and a guard plate lining plate, the guard plate top plate and the guard plate side plate are connected and arranged in an L shape, the guard plate top plate is abutted against the swing beam support surface, the guard plate side plate is located on the side of the swing beam in its first direction, the guard plate lining plate is parallel to the guard plate side plate and is connected to one end of the guard plate side plate, the guard plate lining plate is connected to the guard plate top plate and arranged in an L shape, the outer wall surface of the guard plate lining plate is lower than the outer wall surface of the guard plate side plate to form a sinking platform, the guard plate lining plate and / or the guard plate side plate are provided with a reinforcing plate and a connecting seat connected to the fourth drive.

6. The multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tail beam includes a tail beam top plate, a tail beam side plate, a tail beam main rib plate, a tail beam cover plate, a tail beam front end plate and a tail beam lip plate. One side surface of the tail beam top plate is a tail beam support surface. A plurality of tail beam main rib plates are arranged between two tail beam side plates. The tail beam side plates and the tail beam main rib plates are arranged parallel and spaced apart along a first direction on a side of the tail beam top plate away from the tail beam support surface. The tail beam cover plate and the tail beam top plate are arranged opposite and parallel in a second direction. The tail beam cover plate is arranged on the tail beam side plates and the tail beam main rib plates adjacent thereto. Between, and between two adjacent tail beam main ribs, the tail beam front end plate and the tail beam lip plate are arranged parallel and opposite to each other in the third direction, the tail beam lip plate is in the shape of a rectangular frame, the tail beam front end plate and the tail beam lip plate are respectively connected to the tail beam side plates, the tail beam main ribs, the tail beam top plate and the tail beam cover plate at both ends in the third direction, the tail beam main ribs divide the inner cavity surrounded by the tail beam top plate, the tail beam cover plate and the two tail beam side plates into a plurality of sliding sub-cavities, and the plurality of sliding sub-cavities are constructed as the sliding cavity; The tail boom is provided with a fourth ear seat and a fifth ear seat, the fourth ear seat is used to connect with the second driver, and the fifth ear seat is used to connect with the third driver; The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are orthogonal to each other.

7. The multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The fourth ear seat is located on the tail beam cover plate, the fourth ear seat includes two fourth ear plates arranged in parallel and spaced apart, the fourth ear plate is connected to the tail beam cover plate, and a reinforcement plate is provided between the fourth ear plate and the tail beam cover plate, and one of the fourth ear plates is integrally formed with the tail beam main rib plate; the fifth ear seat is provided in the sliding cavity, the fifth ear seat includes two fifth ear plates arranged in parallel and spaced apart, the fifth ear plate is connected to the tail beam top plate and the tail beam front end plate, and a connecting plate is provided between the fifth ear plate and the adjacent tail beam main rib plate; And / or, the tail beam main rib is divided into two to separate the inner cavity surrounded by the tail beam top plate, the tail beam cover plate and the two tail beam side plates into a first sliding sub-chamber, a second sliding sub-chamber and a third sliding sub-chamber, the first sliding sub-chamber, the second sliding sub-chamber and the third sliding sub-chamber are constructed as the sliding cavity, the third sliding sub-chamber is located between the first sliding sub-chamber and the second sliding sub-chamber, the fifth ear seat is arranged in the third sliding sub-chamber, a guide plate is provided on one side of the tail beam main rib adjacent to the third sliding sub-chamber, a sliding groove is defined between the guide plate and the tail beam top plate to limit and guide the inserting plate, and an opening is provided on the tail beam cover plate between the two tail beam main ribs; And / or, the tail beam cover plate is extended from the side of the tail beam side plate away from the tail beam top plate to construct a tail beam guard plate, and a tail beam hinged ear seat is provided between the tail beam front end plate and the tail beam top plate, and the tail beam hinged ear seat is used for rotationally connecting with the swing beam.

8. The multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The insert plate includes a first beam body, a second beam body, a coal blocking beam body, an insert plate lip plate and a slotting tooth. The coal blocking beam body is located between the first beam body and the second beam body. The first beam body, the second beam body and the coal blocking beam body are respectively arranged in different sliding sub-chambers. The first beam body and the second beam body are both box beams. A plurality of slotting teeth are arranged at intervals on the insert plate lip plate. The insert plate lip plate is connected to one end of the first beam body, the second beam body and the coal blocking beam body. The cam is connected to the support frame of the second support member, and the cam is connected to the support frame by the support rod.

9. The multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first driver, the second driver, the fourth driver, and the third driver are all arranged in parallel in plurality; And / or, the swing angle of the swing beam around the axis of the first ear seat is 0 to 30 degrees, and the swing angle of the tail beam relative to the swing beam is 0 to 25 degrees.

10. A super-large mining high top coal caving transition hydraulic support, characterized in that: include: base; A top beam, wherein a front column and a rear column are provided between the base and the top beam, and the top beam has a first end and a second end; A side guard device, the side guard device being arranged at a first end of the top beam; A multi-stage linkage large window coal discharging device, wherein the multi-stage linkage large window coal discharging device is a multi-stage linkage large window coal discharging device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the multi-stage linkage large window coal discharging device is rotatably connected to the second end of the top beam; A regular four-bar linkage device includes a front link, a rear link and an oblique beam, one end of the oblique beam is rotatably connected to the top beam, and the second end of the oblique beam is inclined toward the direction close to the multi-stage linkage large window coal discharge device. The front link and the rear link are connected between the oblique beam and the base to construct the regular four-bar linkage device.

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