System and method for simulating supercooled large water drop icing environment in wind tunnel

Abstract

The invention relates to a system and a method for simulating a supercooled large water drop icing environment in a wind tunnel. The system for simulating the supercooled large water drop icing environment in the wind tunnel comprises a wind tunnel test section, a wind tunnel contraction section, a wind tunnel stabilization section, a charged large water drop generation device and a uniform electric field generation device. Wherein the wind tunnel stable section, the wind tunnel contraction section and the wind tunnel test section are sequentially connected along the airflow direction, and the uniform electric field generation devices are respectively arranged on the wind tunnel upper wall surface and the wind tunnel lower wall surface and are used for generating uniform electric fields in the wind tunnel stable section, the wind tunnel contraction section and the wind tunnel test section. The charged large water drop generating device is arranged at the front end of the wind tunnel stable section and used for generating charged large water drops and introducing the charged large water drops into the wind tunnel stable section, and the charged large water drops are continuously accelerated and cooled before impacting a test piece in the wind tunnel test section; the preset speed is the same as the airflow speed in the wind tunnel test section, and the preset temperature is the same as the temperature in the wind tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a system and method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel, and can be applied to technical fields such as icing wind tunnel tests and anti-icing wind tunnel tests under supercooled large water droplet icing conditions. Background Art

[0002] Since the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) and EASA (European Aviation Safety Agency) officially released amendments to the supercooled large water droplets in 2014 and 2015 respectively, no transport aircraft model has been designed and airworthiness verified in accordance with the supercooled large water droplet regulations.

[0003] Ice wind tunnels are a primary research tool for aircraft icing and a crucial technical foundation for civil aircraft icing airworthiness compliance verification. Achieving supercooled large water droplet icing in conventional ice wind tunnels faces three major challenges: droplet precipitation, insufficient supercooling, and poor consistency between droplet and flow velocity. Consequently, no ice wind tunnel in the world has cloud and fog simulation capabilities that fully meet the requirements of Appendix O of the "Large Aircraft Certification Specifications and Acceptable Methods of Conformity." This makes it impossible to conduct wind tunnel testing under the full Appendix O icing environment. This results in a lack of fundamental icing / anti-icing verification methods for supercooled large water droplet icing airworthiness, and airworthiness requirements exceed current industrial verification capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a system and method for simulating the freezing environment of supercooled large water droplets in a wind tunnel, which can overcome the sedimentation phenomenon of water droplets caused by gravity, enable large water droplets to exchange heat and accelerate within the appropriate required distance, and thus solve the problems of insufficient supercooling and velocity consistency.

[0005] The above objects of the present invention are achieved by a system for simulating a supercooled large water droplet freezing environment in a wind tunnel. The system for simulating a supercooled large water droplet freezing environment in a wind tunnel comprises a wind tunnel test section, a wind tunnel contraction section, a wind tunnel stabilization section, a charged large water droplet generating device, and a uniform electric field generating device.

[0006] In which, the wind tunnel stable section, the wind tunnel contraction section and the wind tunnel test section are connected in sequence along the airflow direction, and the uniform electric field generating device is respectively arranged on the upper wall of the wind tunnel and the lower wall of the wind tunnel, so as to generate a uniform electric field in the wind tunnel stable section, the wind tunnel contraction section and the wind tunnel test section. The charged large water droplet generating device is arranged at the front end of the wind tunnel stable section, so as to generate charged large water droplets and introduce the charged large water droplets into the wind tunnel stable section. The charged large water droplets are continuously accelerated and cooled before hitting the test piece in the wind tunnel test section until they reach a predetermined speed that is the same as the airflow speed in the wind tunnel test section and a predetermined temperature that is the same as the temperature in the wind tunnel.

[0007] According to the above technical solution, the system of the present invention for simulating the icing environment of supercooled large water droplets in a wind tunnel can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: it can overcome the sedimentation phenomenon of water droplets due to gravity, so that large water droplets can exchange heat and accelerate within the appropriate required distance, thereby solving the problems of insufficient supercooling and speed consistency, and can completely cover the Appendix O icing meteorological envelope, providing a powerful means for supercooled large water droplet icing airworthiness verification.

[0008] Preferably, the system for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel further comprises a fan, wherein the fan is configured to make the airflow velocity in the wind tunnel test section reach a predetermined velocity after being started.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the system of the present invention for simulating the freezing environment of supercooled large water droplets in a wind tunnel can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: before or at the same time as generating a uniform electric field, the air flow velocity in the wind tunnel test section can be made to reach a predetermined speed, thereby making the charged large water droplets reach a predetermined speed that is the same as the air flow velocity in the wind tunnel test section, further ensuring the consistency of the water droplet and flow field velocities.

[0010] Preferably, the system for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel further comprises a cooling system, wherein the cooling system is configured to allow the temperature in the wind tunnel to reach a predetermined temperature after startup.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the system of the present invention for simulating the freezing environment of supercooled large water droplets in a wind tunnel can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: before or at the same time as generating a uniform electric field, the temperature in the wind tunnel can be made to reach a predetermined temperature, thereby making the charged large water droplets reach a predetermined temperature that is the same as the temperature in the wind tunnel, further ensuring the supercooling of the water droplets.

[0012] Preferably, the specific charge of the charged large water droplets generated by the charged large water droplet generating device is 2.39×10 -6 C / kg to 1.53×10 -5 C / kg.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the system of the present invention for simulating the freezing environment of supercooled large water droplets in a wind tunnel can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: through the appropriate charge ratio of the charged large water droplets, the gravity and electric field forces acting on the charged large water droplets can be balanced with each other, thereby better overcoming the sedimentation phenomenon of water droplets caused by gravity.

[0014] Preferably, the electric field strength generated by the uniform electric field generating device is 6.41×10 5 V / m to 4.11×10 6 V / m.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, the system of the present invention for simulating the freezing environment of supercooled large water droplets in a wind tunnel can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: through appropriate electric field strength, the gravity and electric field forces acting on the charged large water droplets can be balanced with each other, thereby better overcoming the sedimentation phenomenon of water droplets caused by gravity.

[0016] Preferably, the sum of the lengths of the wind tunnel stabilizing section and the wind tunnel contracting section is 3 to 5 times the sum of the lengths of the wind tunnel stabilizing section and the wind tunnel contracting section used in the prior art.

[0017] According to the above technical solution, the system of the present invention for simulating the supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: large water droplets can exchange heat and accelerate within the appropriate required distance, thereby solving the problems of insufficient supercooling and speed consistency, and can completely cover the Appendix O icing meteorological envelope, providing a powerful means for supercooled large water droplet icing airworthiness verification.

[0018] The above object of the present invention is also achieved by a method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet freezing environment in a wind tunnel, the method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet freezing environment in a wind tunnel comprising:

[0019] A uniform electric field generating device is provided on the upper wall and the lower wall of the wind tunnel, respectively, to generate a uniform electric field in the stable section, the contraction section, and the test section of the wind tunnel, wherein the stable section, the contraction section, and the test section are connected in sequence along the direction of airflow;

[0020] A charged large water droplet generator disposed at the front end of the wind tunnel stabilization section is used to generate charged large water droplets and introduce the charged large water droplets into the wind tunnel stabilization section, wherein the charged large water droplets are continuously accelerated and cooled before impacting a test piece in the wind tunnel test section until they reach a predetermined speed equal to the airflow speed in the wind tunnel test section and a predetermined temperature equal to the temperature inside the wind tunnel;

[0021] The test is completed by supercooled, charged large water droplets impacting the test piece.

[0022] According to the above technical solution, the method of the present invention for simulating the icing environment of supercooled large water droplets in a wind tunnel can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: it can overcome the sedimentation phenomenon of water droplets due to gravity, so that large water droplets can exchange heat and accelerate within the appropriate required distance, thereby solving the problems of insufficient supercooling and speed consistency, and can completely cover the Appendix O icing meteorological envelope, providing a powerful means for supercooled large water droplet icing airworthiness verification.

[0023] Preferably, the method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet freezing environment in a wind tunnel further comprises: before or simultaneously with the step of generating a uniform electric field, starting a fan to make the air flow velocity in the wind tunnel test section reach a predetermined velocity.

[0024] According to the above technical solution, the method of the present invention for simulating the freezing environment of supercooled large water droplets in a wind tunnel can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: before or at the same time as generating a uniform electric field, the air flow velocity in the wind tunnel test section can be made to reach a predetermined speed, thereby making the charged large water droplets reach a predetermined speed that is the same as the air flow velocity in the wind tunnel test section, further ensuring the consistency of the water droplet and flow field velocities.

[0025] Preferably, the method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet freezing environment in a wind tunnel further comprises: before or simultaneously with the step of generating a uniform electric field, starting a cooling system to make the temperature in the wind tunnel reach a predetermined temperature.

[0026] According to the above technical solution, the method of the present invention for simulating the freezing environment of supercooled large water droplets in a wind tunnel can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: before or at the same time as generating a uniform electric field, the temperature in the wind tunnel can be made to reach a predetermined temperature, thereby making the charged large water droplets reach a predetermined temperature that is the same as the temperature in the wind tunnel, further ensuring the supercooling of the water droplets.

[0027] Preferably, the specific charge of the charged large water droplets generated by the charged large water droplet generating device is 2.39×10 -6 C / kg to 1.53×10 -5 C / kg.

[0028] According to the above technical solution, the method of the present invention for simulating the freezing environment of supercooled large water droplets in a wind tunnel can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: through the appropriate charge ratio of the charged large water droplets, the gravity and electric field forces acting on the charged large water droplets can be balanced with each other, thereby better overcoming the sedimentation phenomenon of water droplets caused by gravity.

[0029] Preferably, the electric field strength generated by the uniform electric field generating device is 6.41×10 5 V / m to 4.11×10 6 V / m.

[0030] According to the above technical solution, the method of the present invention for simulating the freezing environment of supercooled large water droplets in a wind tunnel can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: through appropriate electric field strength, the gravity and electric field forces acting on the charged large water droplets can be balanced with each other, thereby better overcoming the sedimentation phenomenon of water droplets caused by gravity.

[0031] Preferably, the sum of the lengths of the wind tunnel stabilizing section and the wind tunnel contracting section is 3 to 5 times the sum of the lengths of the wind tunnel stabilizing section and the wind tunnel contracting section used in the prior art.

[0032] According to the above technical solution, the method of the present invention for simulating the supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: large water droplets can exchange heat and accelerate within the appropriate required distance, thereby solving the problems of insufficient supercooling and speed consistency, and can completely cover the Appendix O icing meteorological envelope, providing a powerful means for supercooled large water droplet icing airworthiness verification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a system for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Reference Signs List

[0036] 101: Wind tunnel test section;

[0037] 102: Wind tunnel contraction section;

[0038] 103: Wind tunnel stabilization section;

[0039] 104: Charged large water droplet generating device;

[0040] 105: lower wall of wind tunnel;

[0041] 106: upper wall of wind tunnel;

[0042] 107: Large water droplets with charge;

[0043] 108: test piece;

[0044] 109: fan;

[0045] 110: Cooling system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below. It should be noted that in the specific description of these embodiments, in order to provide a concise description, this specification cannot provide a detailed description of all the features of the actual embodiments. It should be understood that in the actual implementation of any embodiment, just as in the process of any engineering project or design project, in order to achieve the specific goals of the developer and to meet system-related or business-related restrictions, various specific decisions are often made, and this will also change from one embodiment to another. In addition, it can also be understood that although the efforts made in this development process may be complex and lengthy, for ordinary technicians in the field related to the content disclosed by the present invention, some changes in design, manufacturing or production based on the technical content disclosed in this disclosure are just conventional technical means and should not be understood as the content of this disclosure being insufficient.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the claims and description shall have the usual meaning understood by persons of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in the description and claims of the patent application of the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "one" or "a" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the existence of at least one. Words such as "include" or "comprising" mean that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "comprising" cover the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprising" and their equivalent elements, and do not exclude other elements or objects. Words such as "connected" or "connected" and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, nor are they limited to direct or indirect connections.

[0048] In the following description, in order to clearly show the structure and working mode of the present invention, many directional words will be used for description, but words such as "front", "back", "left", "right", "outside", "inside", "outward", "inward", "up", and "down" should be understood as convenient terms and should not be understood as restrictive terms.

[0049] Figure 1 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a system for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] like Figures 1 to 2As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a system for simulating a supercooled large water droplet freezing environment in a wind tunnel includes a wind tunnel test section 101, a wind tunnel contraction section 102, a wind tunnel stabilization section 103, a charged large water droplet generating device 104, and a uniform electric field generating device;

[0051] Among them, the wind tunnel stable section 103, the wind tunnel contraction section 102 and the wind tunnel test section 101 are connected in sequence along the airflow direction, and the uniform electric field generating devices are respectively arranged on the wind tunnel upper wall 106 and the wind tunnel lower wall 105, so as to generate a uniform electric field in the wind tunnel stable section 103, the wind tunnel contraction section 102 and the wind tunnel test section 101. The charged large water droplet generating device 104 is arranged at the front end of the wind tunnel stable section 103 (that is, the upstream end relative to the airflow direction) to generate charged large water droplets 107 and introduce the charged large water droplets 107 into the wind tunnel stable section 103. The charged large water droplets 107 are continuously accelerated and cooled before hitting the test piece 108 in the wind tunnel test section 101 until they reach a predetermined speed the same as the airflow speed (also called wind speed) in the wind tunnel test section 101 and a predetermined temperature the same as the temperature in the wind tunnel (that is, the airflow temperature or flow field temperature).

[0052] According to the above technical solution, the system of the present invention for simulating the icing environment of supercooled large water droplets in a wind tunnel can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: it can overcome the sedimentation phenomenon of water droplets due to gravity, so that large water droplets can exchange heat and accelerate within the appropriate required distance, thereby solving the problems of insufficient supercooling and speed consistency, and can completely cover the Appendix O icing meteorological envelope, providing a powerful means for supercooled large water droplet icing airworthiness verification.

[0053] Specifically, since the large water droplets in the present invention are charged large water droplets generated by a charged large water droplet generating device, and the present invention uses a uniform electric field generating device to generate a uniform electric field in the wind tunnel stable section, the wind tunnel contraction section and the wind tunnel test section, the gravity and electric field forces acting on the charged large water droplets are balanced with each other, overcoming the sedimentation phenomenon of the water droplets due to gravity. Moreover, the present invention improves the uniformity of the water droplet field in the test section, and realizes the simulation of the freezing rain environment in the supercooled large water droplet freezing environment. In addition, since the large water droplets carry charges of the same polarity (for example, for Figure 1 In the electric field direction shown in , large water droplets can all be negatively charged to achieve a balance between gravity and electric field forces), repel each other, and greatly reduce collisions and interference between large water droplets.

[0054] In the present invention, the wind tunnel stabilization section, as the name implies, refers to a section where the inner diameter (or equivalent diameter) of the wind tunnel is basically stable along the direction of the airflow. Large charged water droplets are introduced into the wind tunnel stabilization section and, affected by the velocity and temperature of the airflow therein, are continuously accelerated and cooled. The wind tunnel contraction section, as the name implies, refers to a section where the inner diameter (or equivalent diameter) of the wind tunnel gradually contracts along the direction of the airflow. Due to the contraction shape of the wind tunnel contraction section, the airflow velocity further increases, and the large charged water droplets are affected by the velocity and temperature of the airflow therein, are further accelerated and cooled. The wind tunnel test section, as the name implies, refers to the main section in the wind tunnel where the test is conducted. The test piece will be placed in the wind tunnel test section, and the supercooled (i.e., cooled to a predetermined temperature) charged large water droplets (which are simultaneously accelerated to a predetermined velocity) will impact the test piece to complete the test. The wind tunnel stabilization section, wind tunnel contraction section, and wind tunnel test section together constitute the wind tunnel.

[0055] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the system for simulating a supercooled large water droplet freezing environment in a wind tunnel further includes a fan 109. Upon activation, fan 109 is configured to cause the airflow velocity within wind tunnel test section 101 to reach a predetermined velocity. According to the above technical solution, the system for simulating a supercooled large water droplet freezing environment in a wind tunnel of the present invention can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: before or simultaneously with generating a uniform electric field, the airflow velocity within the wind tunnel test section can be caused to reach a predetermined velocity, thereby causing the charged large water droplets to reach a predetermined velocity equal to the airflow velocity within the wind tunnel test section, further ensuring consistency in the velocity of the water droplets and the flow field.

[0056] Preferably, the predetermined velocity of the airflow in the wind tunnel test section 101 is 60 m / s to 180 m / s.

[0057] Preferably, the fan 109 is disposed upstream or downstream of the wind tunnel test section 101 , as long as it can circulate the airflow in the wind tunnel.

[0058] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the system for simulating a supercooled large water droplet freezing environment in a wind tunnel further includes a cooling system 110. Cooling system 110 is configured to, upon activation, bring the temperature within the wind tunnel to a predetermined temperature. According to the above technical solution, the system for simulating a supercooled large water droplet freezing environment in a wind tunnel of the present invention can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: before or simultaneously with generating a uniform electric field, the temperature within the wind tunnel can be brought to a predetermined temperature, thereby causing the charged large water droplets to reach a predetermined temperature equal to the temperature within the wind tunnel, further ensuring the water droplet supercooling.

[0059] Preferably, the predetermined temperature in the wind tunnel is -40°C to 0°C.

[0060] Preferably, the cooling system 110 is disposed upstream of the wind tunnel stabilizing section 103 .

[0061] In this field, large water droplets generally refer to water droplets with a diameter of 50 μm-2000 μm. For the large water droplets with a diameter of 50 μm-2000 μm, the mass of the large water droplets is generally 6.54×10 -8 g to 4.19×10 -3 To balance the gravitational force and electric field force on a large charged water droplet, it is particularly important to control the specific charge of the large charged water droplet and the electric field strength of the uniform electric field. Specific charge, also known as charge-to-mass ratio, refers to the ratio of the charge on a charged particle (in this case, the large charged water droplet) to its mass.

[0062] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the specific charge of the charged large water droplet 107 generated by the charged large water droplet generating device 104 is 2.39×10 -6 C / kg to 1.53×10 -5 C / kg. According to the above technical solution, the system for simulating the freezing environment of supercooled large water droplets in a wind tunnel of the present invention can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: by appropriately adjusting the charge ratio of the charged large water droplets, the gravity and electric field forces acting on the charged large water droplets can be balanced, thereby better overcoming the sedimentation phenomenon of the water droplets caused by gravity.

[0063] Preferably, for the large water droplets with a diameter of 50 μm-2000 μm, the charge carried by the large water droplets is generally 10 -15 to 10 -11 Kulun.

[0064] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the electric field strength generated by the uniform electric field generating device is 6.41×10 5 V / m to 4.11×10 6 V / m. According to the above technical solution, the system for simulating the freezing environment of supercooled large water droplets in a wind tunnel of the present invention can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: through the appropriate electric field strength, the gravity and electric field forces acting on the charged large water droplets can be balanced with each other, thereby better overcoming the sedimentation phenomenon of the water droplets caused by gravity.

[0065] More preferably, in order to balance the gravity and electric field forces on the charged large water droplets, the product of the specific charge of the charged large water droplets and the electric field strength of the uniform electric field needs to be controlled to be substantially equal to the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m / s 2Therefore, within the preferred ranges of the specific charge of the large charged water droplets and the electric field strength of the uniform electric field, the maximum specific charge should correspond to the minimum electric field strength, and the minimum specific charge should correspond to the maximum electric field strength. By appropriately combining the specific charge of the large charged water droplets with the electric field strength of the uniform electric field, the gravitational force and the electric field force acting on the large charged water droplets can be balanced, thereby better overcoming the sedimentation of the water droplets caused by gravity.

[0066] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the combined length of wind tunnel stabilization section 103 and wind tunnel contraction section 102 is 3 to 5 times the combined length of the conventional wind tunnel stabilization section and wind tunnel contraction section. Based on the above technical solution, the present invention's system for simulating supercooled large water droplet icing in a wind tunnel achieves the following beneficial technical effects: large water droplets can exchange heat and accelerate within the appropriate required distance, thereby resolving issues of insufficient supercooling and velocity consistency. It can fully cover the Appendix O icing meteorological envelope, providing a powerful means for supercooled large water droplet icing airworthiness verification.

[0067] Preferably, the sum of the lengths of the wind tunnel stabilization section and the wind tunnel contraction section used in the prior art is usually 20m to 30m. Therefore, the sum of the lengths of the wind tunnel stabilization section 103 and the wind tunnel contraction section 102 of the present invention is usually 60m to 150m, which is much larger than the sum of the lengths of the wind tunnel stabilization section and the wind tunnel contraction section used in the prior art, providing sufficient distance for large water droplets to exchange heat and accelerate.

[0068] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel includes:

[0069] A uniform electric field generating device is provided on the upper wall 106 and the lower wall 105 of the wind tunnel, respectively, to generate a uniform electric field in the wind tunnel stable section 103, the wind tunnel contraction section 102, and the wind tunnel test section 101. The wind tunnel stable section 103, the wind tunnel contraction section 102, and the wind tunnel test section 101 are sequentially connected along the airflow direction.

[0070] A charged large water droplet generator 104 disposed at the front end of the wind tunnel stabilization section 103 is used to generate charged large water droplets 107 and introduce the charged large water droplets 107 into the wind tunnel stabilization section 103. The charged large water droplets 107 are continuously accelerated and cooled before striking a test piece 108 in the wind tunnel test section 101 until they reach a predetermined speed equal to the airflow speed in the wind tunnel test section 101 and a predetermined temperature equal to the temperature inside the wind tunnel.

[0071] The supercooled, charged large water droplet 107 impacts the test piece 108, completing the test.

[0072] According to the above technical solution, the method of the present invention for simulating the icing environment of supercooled large water droplets in a wind tunnel can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: it can overcome the sedimentation phenomenon of water droplets due to gravity, so that large water droplets can exchange heat and accelerate within the appropriate required distance, thereby solving the problems of insufficient supercooling and speed consistency, and can completely cover the Appendix O icing meteorological envelope, providing a powerful means for supercooled large water droplet icing airworthiness verification.

[0073] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet freezing environment in a wind tunnel further includes: before or simultaneously with the step of generating a uniform electric field, activating fan 109 to ensure that the airflow velocity within wind tunnel test section 101 reaches a predetermined speed. According to the above technical solution, the method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet freezing environment in a wind tunnel of the present invention can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: before or simultaneously with the step of generating a uniform electric field, the airflow velocity within the wind tunnel test section can be achieved to a predetermined speed, thereby causing the charged large water droplets to reach a predetermined speed that is the same as the airflow velocity within the wind tunnel test section, further ensuring consistency in the velocity of the water droplets and the flow field.

[0074] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet freezing environment in a wind tunnel further includes: before or simultaneously with the step of generating a uniform electric field, activating a cooling system 110 to bring the temperature within the wind tunnel to a predetermined temperature. According to the above technical solution, the method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet freezing environment in a wind tunnel of the present invention can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: before or simultaneously with the step of generating a uniform electric field, the temperature within the wind tunnel can be brought to a predetermined temperature, thereby causing the charged large water droplets to reach a predetermined temperature equal to the temperature within the wind tunnel, further ensuring the water droplet supercooling.

[0075] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art will understand that the above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications based on the above disclosure without exceeding the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for simulating a supercooled large water droplet freezing environment in a wind tunnel, the system comprising a wind tunnel test section, a wind tunnel contraction section, a wind tunnel stabilization section, a charged large water droplet generator, and a uniform electric field generator; in, The wind tunnel stabilization section, the wind tunnel contraction section and the wind tunnel test section are connected in sequence along the airflow direction. The uniform electric field generating device is respectively arranged on the upper wall of the wind tunnel and the lower wall of the wind tunnel, so as to generate a uniform electric field in the wind tunnel stabilization section, the wind tunnel contraction section and the wind tunnel test section. The charged large water droplet generating device is arranged at the front end of the wind tunnel stabilization section, so as to generate charged large water droplets and introduce the charged large water droplets into the wind tunnel stabilization section. The charged large water droplets are continuously accelerated and cooled before hitting the test piece in the wind tunnel test section until they reach a predetermined speed that is the same as the airflow speed in the wind tunnel test section and a predetermined temperature that is the same as the temperature in the wind tunnel.

2. The system for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: The system for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel further includes a fan configured to, after startup, allow the airflow velocity in the wind tunnel test section to reach a predetermined velocity.

3. The system for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: The system for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel further includes a cooling system configured to allow the temperature in the wind tunnel to reach a predetermined temperature after startup.

4. The system for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: The specific charge of the charged large water droplets generated by the charged large water droplet generating device is 2.39×10 -6 C / kg to 1.53×10 - 5 C / kg.

5. The system for simulating supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: The electric field strength generated by the uniform electric field generating device is 6.41×10 5 V / m to 4.11×10 6 V / m.

6. The system for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: The sum of the lengths of the wind tunnel stabilizing section and the wind tunnel contracting section is 3 to 5 times the sum of the lengths of the wind tunnel stabilizing section and the wind tunnel contracting section used in the prior art.

7. A method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel, comprising: A uniform electric field generating device is provided on the upper wall and the lower wall of the wind tunnel, respectively, to generate a uniform electric field in the stable section, the contraction section, and the test section of the wind tunnel, wherein the stable section, the contraction section, and the test section are connected in sequence along the direction of airflow; A charged large water droplet generator disposed at the front end of the wind tunnel stabilization section is used to generate charged large water droplets and introduce the charged large water droplets into the wind tunnel stabilization section, wherein the charged large water droplets are continuously accelerated and cooled before impacting a test piece in the wind tunnel test section until they reach a predetermined speed equal to the airflow speed in the wind tunnel test section and a predetermined temperature equal to the temperature inside the wind tunnel; The test is completed by supercooled, charged large water droplets impacting the test piece.

8. The method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel according to claim 7, wherein: The method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet freezing environment in a wind tunnel further includes: before or simultaneously with the step of generating a uniform electric field, starting a fan to make the air flow velocity in the wind tunnel test section reach a predetermined velocity.

9. The method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel according to claim 7, wherein: The method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet freezing environment in a wind tunnel further includes: before or simultaneously with the step of generating a uniform electric field, starting a cooling system to allow the temperature in the wind tunnel to reach a predetermined temperature.

10. The method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel according to claim 7, wherein: The specific charge of the charged large water droplets generated by the charged large water droplet generating device is 2.39×10 -6 C / kg to 1.53×10 -5 C / kg.

11. The method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel according to claim 7, wherein: The electric field strength generated by the uniform electric field generating device is 6.41×10 5 V / m to 4.11×10 6 V / m.

12. The method for simulating a supercooled large water droplet icing environment in a wind tunnel according to claim 7, wherein: The sum of the lengths of the wind tunnel stabilizing section and the wind tunnel contracting section is 3 to 5 times the sum of the lengths of the wind tunnel stabilizing section and the wind tunnel contracting section used in the prior art.

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