Photovoltaic support and connection state monitoring method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical vibration measurement based on monitoring of the vibration condition of a photovoltaic support, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic support and a connection state monitoring method. The vibration monitoring assembly of the photovoltaic support comprises a base station, a cap, a transmission cylinder, an elastic lantern ring and an elastic gasket. The base table is fixed to the top of the foundation pile, and a plurality of arc-shaped arms are arranged on an axial flange at the upper end of the base table. A sensor part capable of detecting the vibration condition of the arc-shaped arm is fixedly arranged on the arch face of the arc-shaped arm, and the sensor part is connected with the control part. The lower part of the cap is fixedly connected with the base. The upper portion of a cylinder body of the transmission cylinder is fixed to the cross rod, and a first radial flange is formed at a lower port and extends into the cap. The upper end of the arc-shaped arm contacts with the upper part of the inner wall of the barrel body. And the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the elastic lantern ring are respectively contacted with the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder body and the upper part of the inner wall of the cap. And the elastic washer is arranged between the opposite surfaces of the radial flange I and the base station. According to the invention, early warning can be given out in time when obvious loosening occurs between the photovoltaic support and the foundation pile.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a photovoltaic bracket and belongs to the technical field of measuring the mechanical vibration condition of the photovoltaic bracket, and specifically relates to a photovoltaic bracket and a connection status monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] After photovoltaic panels are installed outdoors using brackets, they will inevitably be frequently subjected to the impact of strong winds and air pressure. The load size, direction, duration, and impact frequency of the loads they bear are variable. Therefore, the load transmitted to the photovoltaic panel bracket through the photovoltaic panel also has an alternating characteristic. When the photovoltaic bracket, or photovoltaic panel mounting bracket, is subjected to alternating loads, the frequency of the mechanical vibration generated will frequently change. When the vibration frequency generated by the alternating load is close to or the same as the bracket's natural vibration frequency, it will adversely affect the connection strength and reliability between the photovoltaic bracket and the foundation pile. After long-term and frequent exposure to the resonant frequency, the connection strength between the photovoltaic bracket and the foundation pile can easily loosen, posing a threat to the stable operation of the photovoltaic power station.

[0003] Because most distributed photovoltaic power stations are located in open, suburban areas or at elevated locations, they often remain unattended or unattended for extended periods. Loose connections between photovoltaic mounts and foundation piles are difficult for maintenance personnel to detect promptly, and existing technologies lack targeted monitoring methods. Consequently, if significant loosening between the photovoltaic mounts and foundation piles remains undetected for an extended period, it can easily lead to the photovoltaic panels, along with the mounts themselves, becoming detached from the foundation piles, resulting in significant economic losses for the distributed photovoltaic power station. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problem that the existing technology lacks a means to monitor the connection status between photovoltaic brackets and foundation piles, the present invention provides a photovoltaic bracket and connection status monitoring method, which can monitor the connection firmness between the photovoltaic bracket and the foundation pile by monitoring the mechanical vibration state of the photovoltaic bracket, helping to timely issue an early warning when there is significant looseness between the photovoltaic bracket and the foundation pile. In addition, by connecting to the Internet of Things, it can also provide remote supervision, maintenance guidance and other functions, which will help improve the information management level of photovoltaic power plants, improve the efficiency of maintenance operations, and greatly prevent the occurrence of photovoltaic panel detachment accidents, which can bring huge economic benefits.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a photovoltaic bracket, including a clamp fixed on a foundation pile, a pair of vertical arms, a pair of oblique arms, multiple connecting beams, and a vibration monitoring assembly.

[0006] Two vertical arms are positioned opposite each other, their lower portions fixedly connected to the clamp. Two diagonal arms are also positioned opposite each other, their lower portions also fixedly connected to the clamp. A connecting beam is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two vertical arms and the upper ends of the two diagonal arms, respectively. A crossbar is positioned between the two vertical arms and above the corresponding foundation piles, ensuring contact with the top surface of the foundation piles. Threaded holes are formed in the top surface of the foundation piles.

[0007] The vibration monitoring assembly comprises a base, a ring-shaped cap, a transmission cylinder, an elastic collar and an elastic washer.

[0008] The base is fixed on the top of the foundation pile. A sink groove is formed on the upper end surface of the base, and an axial flange extending vertically upward is formed on the bottom surface of the sink groove.

[0009] A plurality of arc-shaped arms are alternately arranged on the axial flange in a circumferential direction, and the arch surface of each arc-shaped arm faces one side of the axis center line of the axial flange.

[0010] A sensor unit capable of detecting the vibration amplitude and / or frequency of the arc-shaped arm is fixed on the arch surface of each arc-shaped arm, and each sensor unit is connected to a control unit that can receive and analyze the sensor signals fed back by each sensor unit.

[0011] The lower part of the cover cap is connected to the base. The upper part of the inner wall of the cover cap is formed with an annular flange extending radially inward, and the annular flange is relatively located above the base.

[0012] The transmission cylinder comprises a cylinder body, and the upper part of the cylinder body is fixedly connected to the cross bar.

[0013] A radial flange 1 extending radially outward is formed at the lower end of the barrel body. The outer diameter of the radial flange 1 is larger than the inner diameter of the annular flange formed on the upper portion of the cap, and the outer diameter of the radial flange 1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cap, so that the lower end of the barrel body can extend into the cap. The upper end of each arc-shaped arm contacts the upper portion of the inner wall of the barrel body.

[0014] The elastic collar is sleeved on the lower part of the cylinder body and located above the radial flange 1, and the inner circumference and outer circumference of the elastic collar are respectively in contact with the outer circumference of the cylinder body and the inner circumference of the annular flange.

[0015] The elastic washer is fixed on the upper end surface of the base, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the elastic washer are respectively in contact with the lower end surface of the radial flange and the upper end surface of the base.

[0016] Optionally, the crossbar is made of fiber composite material. The crossbar includes a first crossbar and a second crossbar, and the first crossbar and the second crossbar are fixed between the two vertical arms in a front-to-back manner. The threaded holes on the top surface of the foundation pile are relatively located between the opposite surfaces of the two crossbars.

[0017] Optionally, the first cross bar and the second cross bar are both L-shaped, so that the vertical arm bar is located between the vertical plate portion of the first cross bar and the vertical plate portion of the second cross bar and is fixedly connected by bolts, so that the flat plate portion of the first cross bar and the flat plate portion of the second cross bar are both in contact with the top surface of the foundation pile.

[0018] Optionally, the transmission cylinder further includes a pair of edge plates formed on the upper portion of the cylinder body, and the two edge plates are arranged opposite to each other front and back.

[0019] The two edge plates are respectively matched with the vertical plate portion of the first crossbar and the vertical plate portion of the second crossbar, and the two edge plates clamp the two vertical plate portions in the middle and are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0020] Optionally, the transmission cylinder further comprises a top wall formed on an upper port of the cylinder body. Two edge plates are fixedly formed on the front and rear sides of the top wall.

[0021] Optionally, the transmission cylinder further includes a top wall formed at the upper end of the cylinder body, and a pair of flanges formed on the front and rear sides of the top wall. The cylinder body and the top wall may be an integrally formed structure, or may be fixedly connected to form an integral structure by one or more of welding, bonding, riveting, etc.

[0022] In the scheme where the first crossbar and the second crossbar are not distinguished, and in the scheme where the structural form of the crossbar is not limited, the transmission tube or the tube body is fixedly connected to one or two crossbars through a pair of edge plates provided on its upper portion. In the scheme where the crossbar is distinguished as the first crossbar and the second crossbar, both of which are L-shaped structures, the transmission tube or the tube body is fixed between the vertical plate portion of the first crossbar and the vertical plate portion of the second crossbar through a pair of edge plates provided on its upper portion. At this time, the two edge plates are respectively in contact with the vertical plate portions of the two crossbars, so that the upper portion of the transmission tube can be tightly clamped between the two vertical plate portions. Finally, after the edge plates or the upper portion of the transmission tube are fixed to the vertical plate portions of the two crossbars by the bolt assembly, a stable and reliable fixed connection relationship can be formed between the transmission tube and the two crossbars, which is beneficial to the transmission of mechanical vibration and helps to make the monitoring results more accurate and reliable.

[0023] Optionally, a plurality of annular flanges are provided on the inner side of the edge plate and are spaced apart along the length of the edge plate. The annular flanges extend in the front-rear direction and have through holes formed on the bottom surfaces of the annular flanges for the bolts to pass through.

[0024] The annular flanges on the two edge plates are opposite to each other in a one-to-one correspondence, and a rubber end cap is sleeved on the end of each annular flange. The rubber end cap is formed with a hole for the bolt to pass through.

[0025] After the two edge plates sandwich the two vertical plates, the free end surface of the rubber end cap is in press contact with the front side or rear side of the vertical plate. In other words, after the two edge plates sandwich the two vertical plates, the free end surface of the rubber end cap is in press contact with the inner side or outer side of the vertical plate.

[0026] The annular flange does not need to extend too far in the front-to-back direction, as long as it can stably fit the rubber end cap. The length of the free end surface of the rubber end cap extending forward or backward relative to the annular flange end is controlled within 5 mm, preferably 2 mm to 3 mm.

[0027] Optionally, the base is annular and its outer diameter is consistent with the inner diameter of the cap. An annular groove is formed at the lower part of the outer peripheral surface of the base.

[0028] An annular protrusion is formed on the lower portion of the inner wall of the cap, and an annular elastically deformable thin-walled area is formed on the lower portion of the outer wall of the cap. The elastically deformable thin-walled area elastically deforms when the annular protrusion is subjected to radial force, causing the lower end of the cap to expand, establishing a snap-fitting relationship between the annular protrusion and the annular groove, thereby securely connecting the cap to the base.

[0029] There is a contact matching relationship between the annular protrusion and the annular groove.

[0030] Optionally, an annular groove is formed on the lower portion of the outer circumferential surface of the barrel body, corresponding to the upper portion of the radial flange 1. After the elastic collar is mounted on the barrel body, the inner circumferential surface of the elastic collar contacts the bottom surface of the annular groove. Preferably, the bottom surface of the annular groove is an inclined surface that tilts from bottom to top toward the axis of the barrel body. Correspondingly, the inner circumferential surface of the elastic collar is formed into a conical surface, and the conical surface is configured to fully contact the bottom surface of the annular groove.

[0031] Optionally, an annular cavity is formed in the wall of the elastic collar. The upper end of the annular cavity is closed, the lower end is open, and the lower end of the annular cavity extends to the lower end surface of the elastic collar. An annular groove is formed on the upper end surface of the elastic collar, directly above the annular cavity. The radial cross-section of the annular groove is preferably V-shaped.

[0032] The port width of the annular groove can be made no greater than the radial width of the upper portion / top portion of the annular cavity.

[0033] It is preferred that the radial width of the annular cavity gradually increases from the lower port upward to the inner bottom surface.

[0034] The present invention relates to a method for monitoring the connection status of a photovoltaic bracket, based on the above-mentioned photovoltaic bracket, comprising the following steps: Ⅰ. The sensor unit monitors the mechanical vibration of its corresponding arc arm in real time and sends out corresponding sensor signals; II. The control unit receives and processes the sensor signals fed back by each sensor unit in real time to obtain the mechanical vibration amplitude and mechanical vibration frequency values ​​of the photovoltaic bracket at the position of each arc arm; III. The control unit compares the real-time mechanical vibration amplitude value and / or the real-time mechanical vibration frequency value with the preset amplitude warning threshold and the preset frequency warning threshold, and makes a warning judgment based on the comparison results.

[0035] When the mechanical vibration amplitude value fed back from at least one direction of the photovoltaic bracket exceeds the preset amplitude warning threshold, the control unit will issue an alarm command. At this time, the remote monitoring platform connected to the control unit through the Internet of Things will give an alarm prompt through a flashing light on its display screen; When the mechanical vibration amplitude values ​​fed back from multiple directions of the photovoltaic bracket exceed the preset amplitude warning threshold, the control unit will issue an emergency alarm command. At this time, the remote monitoring platform connected to the control unit through the Internet of Things can give an alarm prompt on its display screen through high-frequency flashing lights and / or buzzing alarms.

[0036] When the mechanical vibration frequency value fed back from at least one direction of the photovoltaic bracket exceeds the preset frequency warning threshold, the control unit will issue an alarm command; When the mechanical vibration frequency values ​​fed back from multiple directions of the photovoltaic bracket exceed the preset frequency warning threshold, the control unit will issue an emergency alarm command.

[0037] The control unit includes a calculation and processing module, a noise reduction module, a communication module, a power supply module, etc.

[0038] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the present invention can monitor the connection firmness between the photovoltaic bracket and the foundation pile by monitoring the mechanical vibration state of the photovoltaic bracket, which helps to issue an early warning signal in time before significant loosening occurs between the photovoltaic bracket and the foundation pile, and can accurately and timely guide the implementation of maintenance work, and can significantly improve the efficiency of maintenance work and reduce economic losses of power stations.

[0039] The present invention monitors the installation status of photovoltaic panels by detecting any significant looseness in the connection structure between the photovoltaic support and the upper portion of the foundation pile. When connected to a remote management system via wired and / or wireless communication, it facilitates accurate monitoring and management of the connection status of each photovoltaic panel in a power plant, pinpointing any loose connections, reducing troubleshooting difficulty, and improving maintenance efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an existing photovoltaic bracket. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic support structure from above (the oblique arm, connection, base, etc. are not shown).

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the vibration monitoring assembly in the photovoltaic support of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the vibration monitoring assembly in the photovoltaic bracket of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the top view of the annular bracket.

[0044] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the transmission cylinder.

[0045] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the transmission cylinder.

[0046] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the improved structure of the cap.

[0047] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of an improved solution for the elastic ring.

[0048] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the second improved solution for the elastic ring.

[0049] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the locally enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0050] In the figure: 10 foundation pile, 11 threaded hole, 20 clamp 1, 30 clamp 2, 40 vertical arm, 41 cross bar, 411 first cross bar, 412 second cross bar, 413 bolt assembly, 50 oblique arm, 60 connecting beam; 70 base, 71 through hole structure, 72 axial flange, 721 countersunk hole, 722 slot, 73 arc arm, 731 columnar body, 74 strain sensor, 75 rubber washer, 76 annular groove, 77 annular bracket, 771 insert arm, 772 Radial edge arm; 80 cap, 81 hole portion 1, 82 hole portion 2, 83 annular protrusion, 84 elastically deformed thin-walled area, 85 slot; 90 transmission cylinder, 91 cylinder body, 911 radial flange 1, 912 annular groove, 913 straight groove, 914 radial flange 2, 92 top wall, 93 strip edge plate, 931 annular flange, 932 top plate; 100 elastic collar, 101 conical surface, 102 block, 103 annular cavity, 104 annular recessed groove; 200 elastic washer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of the specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for understanding and reading by those familiar with this technology. They are not used to limit the conditions for implementation of the present invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the efficacy and purpose of the present invention. At the same time, terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", and "middle" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should also be considered as the scope of implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0052] like Figures 1 to 4 The photovoltaic rack shown in the figure includes a clamp fixed to a pile 10, a pair of vertical arms 40, a pair of diagonal arms 50, multiple connecting beams 60, and a vibration monitoring assembly. The clamp includes a first clamp 20 and a second clamp 30, which are arranged in an alternating pattern and fixed to the top of the pile 10. The second clamp 30 is located relatively above the first clamp 20 and is vertically spaced from the top surface of the pile 10.

[0053] The two vertical arm rods 40 are arranged opposite to each other and extend in the vertical direction, and the lower ends of the vertical arm rods 40 are fixedly connected to the clamp 1 20, and the lower middle parts are fixedly connected to the clamp 2 30.

[0054] The two oblique arm rods 50 are also arranged opposite to each other on the left and right sides and are respectively extended obliquely toward the upper left and upper right sides, and the lower ends of the oblique arm rods 50 are fixedly connected to the clamp 20.

[0055] The two vertical arms 40 are relatively located between the two oblique arms 50 , so that the left vertical arm 40 and the left oblique arm 50 are symmetrical with respect to the right vertical arm 40 and the right oblique arm 50 about the axis of the foundation pile 10 .

[0056] The connecting crossbeam 60 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical arm 40 and the upper end of the oblique arm 50 .

[0057] A cross bar 41 is provided between the two vertical arms 40 and correspondingly above the foundation pile 10 , so that the cross bar 41 contacts the top surface of the foundation pile 10 to limit the installation height of the photovoltaic bracket relative to the foundation pile 10 .

[0058] At least the crossbar 41 can be made of a (reinforced) fiber composite material. Fiber composite materials, also known as composite fiber materials, are well-known in the art, so detailed descriptions of their components and formation processes are omitted. Using a fiber composite material significantly improves the toughness and strength of the crossbar 41, making it less susceptible to breakage.

[0059] One or more of the vertical arm 40, the oblique arm plate 50 and the connecting crossbeam 60 may also be made of (reinforced) fiber composite materials, which helps to improve the corrosion resistance, toughness and strength of the photovoltaic bracket and is less likely to break.

[0060] The crossbars 41 include a first crossbar 411 and a second crossbar 412, with the first crossbar 411 and the second crossbar 412 being fixed alternately front and rear between the two vertical arms 40. Threaded holes 11 are formed on the top surfaces of the foundation piles 10, with the threaded holes 11 being located between the opposing surfaces of the first crossbar 411 and the second crossbar 412.

[0061] The first cross bar 411 and the second cross bar 412 are both L-shaped, and the vertical plate portion of the cross bar 41 is fixedly connected to the vertical arm 40 by bolts, so that the flat plate portion of the cross bar 41 contacts the top surface of the foundation pile 10 .

[0062] like Figures 3 to 7 As shown, the vibration monitoring assembly includes a base 70 , an annular cap 80 , a transmission cylinder 90 , an elastic collar 100 and an elastic washer 200 .

[0063] A through-hole structure 71 is formed at the center of the base 70, and a bolt is matched with the threaded hole 11 provided on the foundation pile 10, so that the base 70 can be fixed on the top surface of the foundation pile 10. A recess is formed on the upper end surface of the base 70, and an axial flange 72 extending vertically upward is formed on the bottom surface of the recess. A rubber gasket 75 is fixed on the lower end surface of the base 70, and the rubber gasket 75 is located on the periphery of the through-hole structure 71. The rubber gasket 75 protrudes outward relative to the lower end surface of the base 70. When the base 70 is fixed on the top surface of the foundation pile 10, the rubber gasket 75 can be squeezed and deformed, which helps to increase the firmness and reliability of the connection between the base 70 and the foundation pile 10.

[0064] Four arc-shaped arms 73 are evenly distributed on the axial flange 72 at intervals around the circumferential direction, and the arch surface of each arc-shaped arm 73 faces the axis of the axial flange 72 .

[0065] A sensor unit (i.e., strain sensor 74 shown in the figure) capable of detecting the vibration amplitude and frequency of the arc-shaped arm 73 is fixed to the arch surface of each arc-shaped arm 73. Each sensor unit is connected to a control unit (not shown). The control unit is capable of receiving, analyzing, and processing the sensor signals fed back by each sensor unit.

[0066] The arc-shaped arm 73 is made of elastic material, which can be elastic composite fiber material or metal material. When made of metal material, an insulating coating needs to be provided on the surface.

[0067] A counterbore 721 is formed at the upper end of the axial flange 72 and a plurality of slots 722 are distributed on the inner circumference of the counterbore 721. Correspondingly, an annular bracket 77 is provided on the upper portion of the axial flange 72 (see Figure 5 ), and the annular bracket 77 is sunk into the lower part of the counterbore 721. A plurality of insert arms 771 extending radially outward are provided on the annular bracket 77. The insert arms 771 can be matched with the slots 722 one-to-one, and the annular bracket 77 is suspended in the middle of the axial flange 72. On the inner circumferential surface of the annular bracket 77, a plurality of radial edge arms 772 are provided alternately around the circumferential direction. The outer shell of the control part can be snapped onto the radial edge arms 772, so that the control part is fixed in the middle or lower middle part of the inner cavity of the axial flange 72 in a suspended manner.

[0068] The lower portion of the cover cap 80 is plug-connected to the base 70 .

[0069] The base 70 is annular and has an outer diameter that is consistent with the inner diameter of the cap 80 (ie, the inner diameter of the second hole 82 ). An annular groove 76 is formed at the lower portion of the outer peripheral surface of the base 70 .

[0070] An annular protrusion 83 is formed on the lower portion of the inner wall of the cap 80, and an annular elastically deformable thin-walled area 84 is formed on the lower portion of the outer wall of the cap 80. The elastically deformable thin-walled area 84 is elastically deformed when the annular protrusion 83 is subjected to radial compressive force, causing the inner diameter of the lower end of the cap 80 to expand, allowing the annular protrusion 83 to engage with the annular groove 76, thereby establishing a fixed connection between the cap 80 and the base 70.

[0071] The annular protrusion 83 and the annular groove 76 are in a contact matching relationship.

[0072] In other embodiments, the cap 80 and the base 70 may be fixedly connected via a flange structure, or may be fixedly connected via a plurality of bolts or screws alternately distributed around a circumference.

[0073] An annular flange extending radially inward is formed on the upper portion of the inner wall of the cap 80. After the cap 80 is fixedly inserted into the upper portion of the base 70, the annular flange is relatively located above the base 70.

[0074] The transmission cylinder 90 includes a cylinder body 91 , a top wall 92 formed at an upper end of the cylinder body 91 , and a pair of strip-shaped edge plates 93 formed at the front and rear sides of the top wall 92 .

[0075] The barrel body 91 and the top wall 92 may be integrally formed, or they may be fixedly connected to form a whole structure by one or more of welding, bonding, riveting, etc. Similarly, the top wall 92 and the strip edge plate 93 may be integrally formed, or they may be fixedly connected to form a whole structure by one or more of welding, bonding, riveting, etc.

[0076] A top plate 932 is formed at the upper end of the two strip edge plates 93, which runs through the entire length direction of the strip edge plates 93 and can cover the upper part of the two strip edge plates 93, so that the main part of the vibration monitoring assembly is in a covered state, thereby preventing rainwater from seeping into / wetting the main part of the vibration monitoring assembly.

[0077] Downward extending shields may be formed on the left and right ends of the top plate 932, respectively, so that the shields extend between the two opposing front and rear upright plates. This allows a vertical gap to be formed between the lower ends of the shields and the top surface of the foundation pile 10, and also allows a gap to be maintained between the front and rear side surfaces of the shields and the inner side surfaces of the two upright plates.

[0078] A radial flange 911 extending radially outward is formed at the lower end of the cylinder body 91, so that the outer diameter of the radial flange 911 is larger than the inner diameter of the annular flange formed on the upper part of the cap 80 (that is, larger than the inner diameter of the hole portion 81 shown in the figure), and the outer diameter of the radial flange 911 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cap 80 (that is, smaller than the inner diameter of the hole portion 82 shown in the figure), so that the lower end of the cylinder body 91 can be extended into the cap 80, and when the transmission cylinder 90 moves upward, the cylinder body 91 and the cap 80 are not easily separated.

[0079] The upper end of each arcuate arm 73 contacts the upper inner wall of the cylinder body 91. As shown, four straight grooves 913 are formed in the upper inner wall of the cylinder body 91, spaced apart around the circumference. The upper end of each arcuate arm 73 extends into each straight groove 913 and contacts the bottom wall of the groove 913. When the arcuate arm 73 is compressed by the cylinder body 91 and mechanically vibrates, the upper end of the arcuate arm 73 slides vertically or axially relative to the straight groove 913, causing the arcuate arm 73 to elastically deform, pulling the strain sensor 74 fixed to the arcuate arm 73 to emit a strain sensing signal.

[0080] To reduce frictional resistance between the arcuate arm 73 and the inner wall of the barrel body 91 and prevent the arcuate arm 73 from getting stuck while sliding relative to the inner wall of the barrel body 91, which could affect the transmission authenticity of mechanical vibrations and adversely affect monitoring results, a columnar body 731 or a spherical body is formed at the upper end of the arcuate arm 73. The curved surface / sidewall of the columnar body 731 or the curved surface of the spherical body is in tangential contact with the inner wall of the barrel body 91 or the bottom wall of the straight groove 913.

[0081] To prevent the upper end of the arc-shaped arm 73 from easily slipping off the lower end of the straight groove 913, a second radial flange 914 is formed in the middle of the inner wall of the barrel body 91, corresponding to the lower portion of the straight groove 913. The radial cross-section of the second radial flange 914 is in the shape of a right triangle, with the hypotenuse extending obliquely from bottom to top toward the axis of the barrel body 91.

[0082] The transmission cylinder 90 is fixedly connected to the first crossbar 411 and the second crossbar 412 through a pair of strip-shaped edge plates 93 provided on its upper portion, thereby fixing the transmission cylinder 90 (through the two vertical arms 40) to the main body of the photovoltaic support. Figure 2 As shown, the strip edge plate 93 is fixedly connected to the first cross bar 411 and the second cross bar 412 by the provided bolt assembly 413. The side surface of the strip edge plate 93 contacts the side surface of the vertical plate portion of the cross bar 41.

[0083] The two strip edge plates 93 respectively correspond to the vertical plate portion of the first cross bar 411 and the vertical plate portion of the second cross bar 412, so that the upper part of the transmission cylinder 90 can be tightly clamped between the two vertical plate portions. Finally, the strip edge plates 93 or the upper part of the transmission cylinder 90 are fixed together with the vertical plate portion of the first cross bar 411 and the vertical plate portion of the second cross bar 412 through the bolt assembly 413, which can form a stable and reliable fixed connection relationship between the transmission cylinder 90 and the cross bar 41, which is beneficial to the transmission of mechanical vibration and helps to make the monitoring results more accurate and reliable. It should be emphasized that the so-called making the upper part of the transmission cylinder 90 tightly clamped between the two vertical plate parts can be understood as an implementation situation in which the two strip edge plates 93 are clamped between the two vertical plate parts, and can also be understood as an implementation situation in which the two strip edge plates 93 clamp the two vertical plate parts in the middle, and an implementation situation in which one strip edge plate 93 is between the two vertical plate parts and the other strip edge plate 93 is on the outside of the vertical plate part on one side, etc.

[0084] Figures 2 to 7 The illustrated embodiment shows an embodiment in which two strip-shaped edge plates 93 sandwich the two vertical panels. Optimally, the strip-shaped edge plates 93 are provided with multiple annular flanges 931 spaced apart along their length. The annular flanges 931 extend in the front-to-back direction and have through-holes formed at their bottoms. A rubber cap is fitted over the annular flanges 931. The rubber cap has holes formed therein for the bolt rods to pass through. The bolt rods in the bolt assembly 413 can pass through the two annular flanges 931, which are disposed on the two vertical panels and face each other, and through-holes provided in the vertical arm 40 (the vertical arm 40 is located between the two vertical panels), thereby securely connecting the strip-shaped edge plates 93, the first cross bar 411, the second cross bar 412, and the vertical arm 40 to form a single unit. At that time, the free end face of the rubber sleeve is in contact with the outer side face of the vertical plate portion (extrusion contact), which has the ability to buffer and absorb vibrations, and can prevent the connection structure between the transmission cylinder 90 and the cross bar 41 from loosening easily, and can form a stable and reliable fixed connection structure between the strip edge plate 93 and the vertical plate portion.

[0085] The elastic ring 100 is sleeved on the lower part of the cylinder body 91 and relatively located above the radial flange 911, and the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the elastic ring 100 are in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder body 91 and the inner circumferential surface of the annular flange respectively.

[0086] The elastic washer 200 is fixed on the upper end surface of the base 70 so that the upper and lower end surfaces of the elastic washer 200 are in contact with the lower end surface of the radial flange 911 and the upper end surface of the base 70 respectively.

[0087] The main body of the vibration monitoring assembly extends between the opposing surfaces of the first crossbar 411 and the second crossbar 412, that is, between the two opposing front and rear vertical plates. Only the upper portion of the transmission cylinder 90, namely, the top wall 92 and the strip edge plate 93, partially or completely, protrude from the vertical plates. A radial gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the cap 80 and the inner surface of the vertical plates to prevent contact and collision between the main body of the vibration monitoring assembly and the crossbar 41 (i.e., the vertical plates), which could adversely affect the monitoring of the mechanical vibration of the photovoltaic mount.

[0088] In the above scheme, the transmission cylinder 90 establishes a fixed connection with the first crossbar 411 and the second crossbar 412 through two strip-shaped edge plates 93, thereby forming a fixed connection between the transmission cylinder 90 and the main body of the photovoltaic support. Therefore, the mechanical vibration of the photovoltaic support can be fully transmitted to the transmission cylinder 90. The base 70 is fixedly connected to the foundation pile 10, and the upper free end of the arc-shaped arm 73 fixedly connected to the base 70 contacts the inner wall of the cylinder body 91 of the transmission cylinder 90. At the same time, the elastic ring 100 is provided between the cap 80 and the cylinder body 91 to provide the cylinder body 91 or the transmission cylinder 90 with radial movement space; the elastic washer 200 is provided between the lower end of the cylinder body 91 and the upper end of the base 70 to provide the cylinder body 91 or the transmission cylinder 90 with axial movement space. Ultimately, the transmission tube 90 can convert the mechanical vibration of the photovoltaic bracket into the mechanical vibration of each arc arm 73, which is detected by the sensor part provided on the arc arm 73 and fed back to the control part. Finally, after analysis and processing by the control part, the mechanical vibration of the photovoltaic bracket can be obtained, including but not limited to vibration parameters such as vibration amplitude and vibration frequency of the photovoltaic bracket in different directions.

[0089] In order to increase the connection firmness between the elastic collar 100 and the cylinder body 91, the elastic collar 100 is prevented from significantly moving up and down relative to the cylinder body 91 and coming out from between the cylinder body 91 and the hole 81. Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, an annular groove 912 is formed at the lower portion of the outer circumference of the cylinder body 91 and correspondingly above the radial flange 911. After the elastic collar 100 is sleeved on the cylinder body 91, the inner circumference of the elastic collar 100 can fully contact the bottom surface of the annular groove 912.

[0090] To further enhance the axial restraining capability of the annular groove 912 on the elastic collar 100, the bottom surface of the annular groove 912 is preferably an inclined surface that slopes upward from bottom to top toward the axis of the barrel body 91. Accordingly, the inner circumferential surface of the elastic collar 100 is formed into a conical surface 101, and the conical surface 101 is ensured to be in full contact with the bottom surface of the annular groove 912.

[0091] To prevent the elastic collar 100 from rotating relative to the cap 80, and at the same time to inhibit the elastic collar 100 from moving vertically relative to the cap 80. Figure 8 、 Figure 9 As shown, multiple latching grooves 85 are circumferentially distributed at the upper end of the cap 80, even if the latching grooves 85 are formed at the upper end of the hole portion 1 81. Correspondingly, multiple latching blocks 102 are alternately distributed on the outer circumference of the elastic collar 100. The latching grooves 85 and the latching blocks 102 correspond one-to-one, forming a contact-matching relationship between the two. Preferably, the latching grooves 85 are configured as dovetail grooves, and correspondingly, the latching blocks 102 are configured as dovetail blocks.

[0092] In order to improve the radial elastic deformation capability of the elastic collar 100, especially to relatively improve the radial elastic deformation capability of the upper portion of the elastic collar 100. Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, an annular cavity 103 is formed on the wall of the elastic collar 100. The upper end of the annular cavity 103 is a closed end, the lower end is an open end, and the lower end extends to the lower end surface of the elastic collar 100. At the same time, an annular groove 104 is formed on the upper end surface of the elastic collar 100 and directly above the annular cavity 103. The cross-section of the annular groove 104 is V-shaped. The port width of the annular groove 104 is not greater than the radial width of the upper part / top of the annular cavity 103. Preferably, the radial width of the annular cavity 103 gradually increases from the lower end to the inner bottom surface.

[0093] The elastic collar 100 and the elastic washer 200 are both made of an elastic material, resulting in a certain degree of elastic deformation capability inherent in their wall thickness. The provision of the annular cavity 103 in the wall of the elastic collar 100 and the annular recessed groove 104 on the top / upper end surface not only enhances the elastic collar 100's elastic deformation capability and reduces the energy required to achieve this elastic deformation, thereby improving the sensitivity and accuracy of monitoring the mechanical vibration of the photovoltaic support, but also helps reduce the radial wall thickness of the elastic collar 100, thereby reducing the radial dimensions of the cap 80 and the barrel body 91.

[0094] Similarly, in order to improve the deformation ability of the elastic washer 200 , an annular recessed groove structure may be provided on the upper end surface and / or the lower end surface of the elastic washer 200 .

[0095] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, an axially extending annular flange is formed at the lower end of the elastic washer 200. A counterbore 721 is formed at the upper end of the axial flange 72. The annular flange on the elastic washer 200 can be inserted into the counterbore 721. A gasket made of an elastic material can also be disposed between the upper end surface of the radial flange 911 and the lower end surface of the annular flange of the cover plate 80, preferably in the form of an annular gasket.

[0096] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention can be improved in many aspects without violating the overall concept. Those skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic support, comprising a clamp fixed on a foundation pile (10), a pair of vertical arm rods (40), a pair of oblique arm rods (50) and a connecting crossbeam (60); the two vertical arm rods (40) and the two oblique arm rods (50) are arranged opposite to each other on the left and right sides and the lower parts are fixedly connected to the clamp; the connecting crossbeam (60) is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the vertical arm rods (40) and the upper ends of the oblique arm rods (50) respectively; a crossbeam (41) is fixedly provided between the two vertical arm rods (40) and corresponding to the upper part of the foundation pile (10); the characteristics are: Also included is a vibration monitoring assembly; the vibration monitoring assembly includes a base (70), an annular cap (80), a transmission cylinder (90), an elastic collar (100) and an elastic washer (200); The base (70) is fixed on the top of the foundation pile (10); an axial flange (72) extending vertically upward is formed on the upper end surface of the base (70); a plurality of arc-shaped arms (73) are alternately provided on the axial flange (72) in a circumferential direction, and the arch surface of each arc-shaped arm (73) is directed toward the axis of the axial flange (72); a sensor part capable of detecting the vibration condition of the corresponding arc-shaped arm (73) is fixed on the arch surface of each arc-shaped arm (73), and each sensor part is connected to a control part; the control part can receive and analyze the sensor signals fed back by each sensor part; The lower portion of the cap (80) is fixedly connected to the base (70); an annular flange extending radially inward is formed on the upper portion of the inner wall of the cap (80), and the annular flange is relatively located above the base (70); The transmission cylinder (90) includes a cylinder body (91), and the upper portion of the cylinder body (91) is fixedly connected to the cross bar (41); a radial flange (911) extending radially outward is formed at the lower end of the cylinder body (91), so that the outer diameter of the radial flange (911) is larger than the inner diameter of the annular flange and smaller than the inner diameter of the cap (80); the lower end of the cylinder body (91) extends into the cap (80); the upper ends of the arc-shaped arms (73) are in contact with the upper portion of the inner wall of the cylinder body (91); The elastic collar (100) is sleeved on the lower portion of the cylinder body (91) and is located above the radial flange (911), and the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the elastic collar (100) are in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder body (91) and the inner circumferential surface of the annular flange, respectively; The elastic washer (200) is fixed on the upper end surface of the base (70) so that the upper and lower end surfaces of the elastic washer (200) are in contact with the lower end surface of the radial flange (911) and the upper end surface of the base (70) respectively.

2. The photovoltaic bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crossbar (41) is made of fiber composite material; the crossbar (41) includes a first crossbar (411) and a second crossbar (412), so that the first crossbar (411) and the second crossbar (412) are fixed between the two vertical arm rods (40) in a front-to-back manner; The upper portion of the barrel body (91) is located between the first crossbar (411) and the second crossbar (412), and is fixedly connected to the first crossbar (411) and the second crossbar (412).

3. The photovoltaic bracket according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first crossbar (411) and the second crossbar (412) are both L-shaped, so that the vertical arm rod (40) is located between the vertical plate portion of the first crossbar (411) and the vertical plate portion of the second crossbar (412) and is fixedly connected by bolts, so that the flat plate portion of the first crossbar (411) and the flat plate portion of the second crossbar (412) are both in contact with the top surface of the foundation pile (10).

4. The photovoltaic bracket according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission cylinder (90) further includes a pair of edge plates formed on the upper portion of the cylinder body (91), and the two edge plates are arranged front and back oppositely; The two edge plates are matched with the vertical plate portion of the first crossbar (411) and the vertical plate portion of the second crossbar (412) respectively, and the two edge plates clamp the two vertical plate portions in the middle and are fixedly connected with bolts.

5. The photovoltaic bracket according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission cylinder (90) further includes a top wall (92) formed on an upper end of the cylinder body (91); two edge plates are fixedly formed on the top wall (92); A top plate (932) is formed at the upper end of the edge plate and runs through the entire length direction of the edge plate.

6. The photovoltaic support according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: A plurality of annular flanges (931) are provided on the inner side surface of the edge plate and are distributed alternately along the length direction of the edge plate; the annular flanges (931) extend in the front-back direction and a through hole for a bolt to pass through is formed on the bottom surface of the annular flange (931); The annular flanges (931) on the two edge plates are opposite to each other in a one-to-one correspondence, and a rubber end cap is sleeved on the end of each annular flange (931); a hole for a bolt to pass through is formed on the rubber end cap; After the two edge plates sandwich the two vertical plate parts, the free end surface of the rubber end cap is pressed and contacted with the front side surface or the rear side surface of the vertical plate part.

7. The photovoltaic bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (70) is annular and its outer diameter is consistent with the inner diameter of the cap (80); an annular groove (76) is formed at the lower portion of the outer peripheral surface of the base (70); An annular protrusion (83) is formed at the lower portion of the inner wall of the cap (80), and an annular elastically deformable thin-walled area (84) is formed at the lower portion of the outer wall of the cap (80); the elastically deformable thin-walled area (84) can elastically deform when the annular protrusion (83) is subjected to a radial force, thereby causing the lower port of the cap (80) to expand, so that the annular protrusion (83) is engaged and matched with the annular groove (76).

8. The photovoltaic bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular groove (912) is formed at the lower portion of the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder body (91) and correspondingly above the radial flange (911); after the elastic ring (100) is sleeved on the cylinder body (91), the inner circumferential surface of the elastic ring (100) can contact the bottom surface of the annular groove (912).

9. The photovoltaic support according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: An annular cavity (103) is formed on the wall of the elastic collar (100); the upper end of the annular cavity (103) is a closed end, the lower end is an open end, and the lower end of the annular cavity (103) extends to the lower end surface of the elastic collar (100); An annular recess (104) is formed on the upper end surface of the elastic collar (100) and directly above the annular cavity (103).

10. A method for monitoring the connection status of a photovoltaic bracket based on the photovoltaic bracket according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: Ⅰ. The sensor unit monitors the mechanical vibration condition of the arc-shaped arm (73) matched with it in real time and sends a corresponding sensor signal; II. The control unit receives and processes the sensor signals fed back by each sensor unit in real time, and obtains the mechanical vibration amplitude value and mechanical vibration frequency value of the photovoltaic bracket at the position of each arc arm (73); III. The control unit compares the real-time mechanical vibration amplitude value and / or the real-time mechanical vibration frequency value with the preset amplitude warning threshold and the preset frequency warning threshold, and makes a warning judgment based on the comparison results.

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