Air-aspiration type cotton precision seed-metering device with adjustable hole seed number

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seed metering, and provides an air suction type cotton precision seed metering device capable of adjusting the number of seeds in holes. The seed-metering device comprises: a mounting housing; the seed metering plate assembly is mounted in the mounting shell; a feeding hole and a seed discharging hole are formed in the area, positioned on one side of the seed discharging plate assembly, of the mounting shell; the negative pressure shell is communicated with the space, located on the other side of the seed metering plate assembly, of the mounting shell and is provided with a negative pressure opening; the seed-metering disc assembly comprises a first seed-metering disc provided with first suction holes and second suction holes, and the first suction holes and the second suction holes are formed in the first seed-metering disc in a staggered mode in the circumferential direction; the second seed metering disc is provided with third suction holes and fourth suction holes, and the first suction holes and the third suction holes are the same in number and correspond in position; the number of the second suction holes is half of that of the third suction holes, and the second suction holes are aligned with the third suction holes at intervals; the first seed-metering disc and the second seed-metering disc can rotate relatively, so that the third suction hole is aligned with one of the first suction hole, the second suction hole and the non-perforated area on the first seed-metering disc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of seeding, and in particular to an air-suction type cotton precision seeding device with adjustable seed hole number. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, there are significant technical bottlenecks in the air-suction cotton precision seeding device with adjustable seed hole number for sowing. First, the operation mode is single, and its sowing mode switching only relies on the physical replacement of the seeding disc to achieve the conversion between single-seed and double-seed sowing, and the structural design of the seeding device is usually only adapted to the seed specifications of a single crop variety, which is difficult to meet the diversified agronomic planting requirements of different types of crops. Second, the sowing method switching is complicated. When the sowing mode needs to be adjusted, the seeding disc needs to be stopped and disassembled for replacement. This process involves the disassembly and debugging of multiple components, and the operation is cumbersome and time-consuming. Especially in the urgent operation scenario where the sowing time is short and sowing needs to be rushed, it is difficult to meet the production requirements of efficient and continuous sowing. The above problems make it difficult for traditional air-suction cotton precision seeding devices with adjustable seed holes to achieve efficient and accurate sowing when faced with the timeliness requirements and multi-variety differentiation requirements of crops such as wheat and cotton, which restricts the promotion and application of mechanized planting technology. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application provides an air-suction type cotton precision seeding device with adjustable seed hole number, which is used to solve the problem of complicated, time-consuming and labor-intensive switching of seeding modes of seeding devices in the prior art, and improve seeding efficiency.

[0004] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, an air-suction type cotton precision seed metering device with adjustable hole seed number comprises: Install the housing; A seeding disc assembly is installed in the installation housing; a feed port and a seeding port are provided in the area of ​​the installation housing located on one side of the seeding disc assembly; A negative pressure housing is in spatial communication with the mounting housing on the other side of the seed disc assembly and is provided with a negative pressure port; The seed tray assembly comprises: The first seeding disc is provided with a first suction hole and a second suction hole, wherein the first suction hole and the second suction hole are staggered along the circumferential direction on the first seeding disc; The second seed-rowing disc is provided with third and fourth suction holes, wherein the first suction holes are the same in number and corresponding in position to the third suction holes; the second suction holes are half in number and aligned with the third suction holes at intervals; The first seed-rowing disk and the second seed-rowing disk can rotate relative to each other so that the third suction hole is aligned with the first suction hole, the second suction hole and one of the unperforated areas on the first seed-rowing disk.

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present application, an annular boss is provided on the first seed row disk, and a matching groove is provided on the second seed row disk, and the annular boss extends into the matching groove, so that the first seed row disk and the second seed row disk are combined to form a seed row disk assembly.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present application, the seed disc assembly further includes a limiting assembly, and the limiting assembly is used to limit the relative rotation of the first seed disc and the second seed disc.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present application, the limiting assembly includes a plunger cap, an elastic member, and a plunger head, wherein the plunger head is movably mounted in the plunger cap, and the elastic member is mounted in the plunger cap and abuts against the plunger head; The second seed row disc is provided with a mounting groove, and the plunger cap is installed in the mounting groove; A limiting groove is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the annular boss, and the plunger head is clamped into the limiting groove under the action of the elastic member.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present application, a negative pressure cavity is formed in the negative pressure shell, and the negative pressure cavity is an annular cavity with a notch, and the notch is arranged above the seed discharge port.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present application, the air-suction cotton precision seed metering device with adjustable seed hole number further includes a sealing ring arranged on the side of the second seeding disc facing the negative pressure shell, and the shape of the sealing ring matches the shape of the negative pressure chamber.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present application, along the radial direction of the second seed row disc, the third suction hole and the fourth suction hole are staggered.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present application, a plurality of arc holes are provided on the first seed-rowing disk, and the plurality of arc holes correspond to the fourth suction holes to avoid the unperforated area on the first seed-rowing disk blocking the fourth suction holes; or, the diameter of the circle where the fourth suction holes are located is larger than the diameter of the first seed-rowing disk.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present application, the number of the third suction holes and the number of the fourth suction holes are the same.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present application, the number of the first suction holes is 20 to 40, the number of the second suction holes is 10 to 20, the number of the third suction holes is 20 to 40, and the number of the fourth suction holes is 20 to 40.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present application, a first groove, a second groove and a third groove are sequentially provided on the outer circumference of the first seed row disc along the circumferential direction, and a fourth groove is provided on the outer circumference of the second seed row disc; An observation port is provided on the mounting shell, and the observation port is configured to display the matching condition of the fourth groove with the first groove, the second groove or the third groove, so as to judge the status of the seed disc assembly.

[0015] The above one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application have at least one of the following technical effects: The air-suction cotton precision seed meter with adjustable seed hole number in the present application optimizes and improves the seed tray assembly, and the effects of single-seed sowing, double-seed sowing and alternating single-seed and double-seed sowing can be achieved through the cooperation of the suction holes on the first seed tray and the second seed tray: the fourth suction hole can always absorb seeds normally; when the third suction hole is aligned with the unperforated area on the first seed tray, the third suction hole is completely blocked, and only the fourth suction hole absorbs seeds, achieving the effect of single-seed sowing; when the third suction hole is aligned with the first suction hole, the third suction hole is not blocked (the third suction hole is connected to the first suction hole), and both the third suction hole and the fourth suction hole can be used for sowing, achieving the effect of double-seed sowing; when the third suction hole is aligned with the second suction hole, half of the third suction holes are blocked, and the third suction holes are blocked intermittently, and the fourth suction hole and half of the unblocked third suction holes are used for sowing, achieving the effect of alternating single-seed and double-seed sowing. The air-suction cotton precision seeding device with adjustable seed hole number in the present application has a simple switching of sowing modes and does not require disassembling the seeding disc. It can be achieved by simply rotating the first row seed disc and the second row seed disc relative to each other. The operation is simple and convenient, which greatly saves the time of switching sowing modes and improves sowing efficiency.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become obvious from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of an air-suction type precision cotton seed metering device with adjustable seed hole number.

[0019] Figure 2 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of an air-suction type precision cotton seed metering device with adjustable seed hole number.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seed tray assembly provided in this application.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first row of seed trays provided in this application Figure 1 (The side facing away from the second row of seed trays).

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first row of seed trays provided in this application Figure 2 (The side facing the second row of seed trays).

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second row seed tray provided in this application (the side facing the first row seed tray).

[0024] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first shell provided in this application.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seeding shaft provided in this application.

[0026] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of the limit assembly provided in this application.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1. Mounting housing; 11. First housing; 111. Feed port; 112. Seed discharge port; 113. Observation port; 114. Isolation plate; 115. Feed port; 12. Second housing; 2. Seed plate assembly; 21. First seed plate; 211. First suction hole; 212. Second suction hole; 213. Annular boss; 214. Limiting groove; 215. Arc hole; 216. First groove; 217. Second groove; 218. Third groove; 22 , second seeding disc; 221, third suction hole; 222, fourth suction hole; 223, matching groove; 224, installation groove; 225, fourth groove; 226, seeding shaft fixing hole; 23, limit assembly; 231, plunger cap; 232, plunger head; 3, negative pressure shell; 31, negative pressure chamber; 311, notch; 32, negative pressure port; 41, sealing ring; 42, seeding shaft; 421, center fixed shaft; 422, fixing column; 43, rotating handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] In the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0032] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0033] Cotton production primarily relies on seedling transplanting in nutrient pots (interplanting or successive transplanting), which is labor-intensive, technically complex, and labor-intensive. Cotton is directly sown after the summer crop has matured and been harvested. The cotton sowing period coincides with the wheat harvest period. Using early-maturing wheat varieties allows for a wheat-cotton rotation system, improving land utilization and increasing crop yields. However, the planting of summer direct-seeding cotton after wheat in the Yangtze River Basin faces two major technical bottlenecks: first, the sowing period is concentrated in mid-to-late June, and continuous rain often occurs, resulting in a soil moisture content of up to 25% to 30%. The heavy clay soil is easy to compact on sunny days, and single-seed seeds have difficulty breaking through the soil and germinating; second, the traditional air-suction cotton precision seeding device with adjustable hole number relies on replacing the seeding tray to achieve single- and double-seed switching, which requires shutdown and disassembly. A single tray change takes 20 to 30 minutes, which cannot meet the efficiency requirements of rush sowing after wheat; in addition, cotton varieties are diverse, and the agronomic requirements of each variety are significantly different. The traditional cotton seeding device is designed to adapt to a single cotton variety, which is difficult to meet the diversified agronomic planting requirements of cotton and difficult to achieve the production demand of "one sowing and all seedlings".

[0034] According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, an air-suction type cotton precision seed metering device with adjustable seed number is provided. Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the air-suction type cotton precision seed metering device with adjustable seed hole number comprises: a mounting shell 1; a seeding disc assembly 2, mounted in the mounting shell 1; a region of the mounting shell 1 on one side of the seeding disc assembly 2 is provided with a feed port 111 and a seeding port 112; a negative pressure shell 3, connected to the space on the other side of the mounting shell 1 on the seeding disc assembly 2, and provided with a negative pressure port 32; the seeding disc assembly 2 comprises: a first seeding disc 21, provided with a first suction hole 211 and a second suction hole 212, the first suction hole 211 and the second suction hole 212 being located in the first suction hole 211. The first seed row disc 21 is staggered along the circumferential direction; the second seed row disc 22 is provided with a third suction hole 221 and a fourth suction hole 222, the first suction holes 211 and the third suction holes 221 are the same in number and correspond in position; the number of the second suction holes 212 is half of the number of the third suction holes 221, and is aligned with the third suction holes 221 at intervals; the first seed row disc 21 and the second seed row disc 22 can rotate relative to each other so that the third suction hole 221 is aligned with the first suction hole 211, the second suction hole 212 and one of the unperforated areas on the first seed row disc 21.

[0035] The mounting housing 1 includes a first housing 11 and a second housing 12. The seed tray assembly 2 divides the space within the mounting housing 1 into two cavities: one side is a seed chamber, which communicates with the feed inlet 111 and the seed discharging port 112; the other side is a negative pressure chamber, which communicates with the negative pressure housing 3. An isolation plate 114 is provided within the first housing 11, separating the feed inlet 111 from the seed discharging port 112. A feed port 115 is fixedly provided on the isolation plate 114.

[0036] The present application discloses an air-suction cotton precision seed metering device with adjustable seed hole count, which optimizes and improves the seed tray assembly 2. Flexible and diverse sowing patterns are formed by cooperating the suction holes of the first seed tray 21 and the second seed tray 22. The first seed tray 21 is provided with circumferentially staggered first suction holes 211 and second suction holes 212. The second seed tray 22 has the same number of third suction holes 221 as the first suction holes 211 and corresponding positions. The second suction holes 212 are half the number of the third suction holes 221 and are aligned at intervals with the third suction holes 221. The two seed trays can rotate relative to each other so that the third suction holes 221 are aligned with the first suction holes 211, the second suction holes 212, and one of the unperforated areas of the first seed tray 21.

[0037] When the third suction hole 221 is aligned with the unperforated area, the third suction hole 221 is blocked; the fourth suction hole 222 can connect the seed chamber on the left and the negative pressure chamber on the right, that is, the fourth suction hole 222 can absorb seeds due to the negative pressure to achieve single-seed sowing.

[0038] When the third suction hole 221 is aligned with the first suction hole 211, the channel of "third suction hole 221 + first suction hole 211" can connect the seed chamber on the left and the negative pressure chamber on the right, that is, not only the fourth suction hole 222 can absorb seeds due to the negative pressure, but the first suction hole 211 can also absorb seeds, realizing double-seed sowing.

[0039] When the third suction hole 221 is aligned with the second suction hole 212, half of the third suction holes 221 stop working due to interval obstruction. At the unobstructed third suction hole 221, the channel of "third suction hole 221 + second suction hole 212" can connect the seed chamber on the left and the negative pressure chamber on the right, that is, not only the fourth suction hole 222 can absorb seeds due to the negative pressure, but the second suction hole 212 can also absorb seeds. Since the number of the second suction holes 212 is only half of the third suction holes 221, the effect of alternating single and double seeds sowing can be achieved.

[0040] The structure of the seeding disc assembly 2 allows switching of sowing modes without disassembling the seeding disc, which can be accomplished simply by rotating the two seeding discs relative to each other. This makes operation simple and convenient, significantly shortens the sowing mode switching time, and improves sowing efficiency.

[0041] According to one embodiment of the present application, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first seed row disc 21 is provided with an annular boss 213, and the second seed row disc 22 is provided with a matching groove 223. The annular boss 213 extends into the matching groove 223, so that the first seed row disc 21 and the second seed row disc 22 are combined to form a seed row disc assembly 2.

[0042] In this application, the annular boss 213 provided on the first seeding disc 21 forms a mechanical connection structure with the matching groove 223 of the second seeding disc 22. The annular boss 213 extends into the matching groove 223, so that the two are combined to form a seeding disc assembly 2. This allows the first seeding disc 21 and the second seeding disc 22 to maintain coaxial positioning during relative rotation, effectively preventing axial movement or radial offset of the two discs during high-speed rotation, thereby ensuring the accuracy of suction hole alignment and the stability of sowing mode switching. Of course, after the first seeding disc 21 and the second seeding disc 22 are combined to form the seeding disc assembly 2, they are installed on the seeding shaft 42. The seeding shaft 42 extends out of the mounting housing 1 and is connected to the DC motor via a coupling. The seeding shaft 42 can include a central fixed shaft 421 and a fixed column 422. A seeding shaft fixing hole 226 corresponding to the central fixed shaft 421 can be provided on the second seeding disc 22 so that the seeding shaft 42 directly drives the second seeding disc 22 to rotate.

[0043] The mating surfaces of the annular boss 213 and the mating groove 223 form a circumferential rotation guide, making the relative rotation of the two seed discs smoother, reducing positioning errors caused by mechanical clearance, and improving the overall reliability of the seed meter. Furthermore, this connection method requires no additional fasteners or complex assembly structures; instead, the direct fit between the boss and the groove allows for rapid assembly and disassembly, reducing maintenance difficulty and assembly costs for the seed disc assembly 2.

[0044] The form of the annular boss 213 and the matching groove 223 also facilitates the subsequent arrangement of the limiting assembly 23 to limit the relative rotation between the first seed row disc 21 and the second seed row disc 22 .

[0045] In some cases, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first suction hole 211 and the second suction hole 212 can be set on the annular boss 213 , that is, the first suction hole 211 and the second suction hole 212 pass through the annular boss 213 , and the third suction hole 221 is located in the annular matching groove 223 .

[0046] According to one embodiment of the present application, Figure 9 As shown, the seeding disc assembly 2 further includes a limiting assembly 23, which is used to limit the relative rotation of the first seeding disc 21 and the second seeding disc 22. The limiting assembly 23 can be a spring pin.

[0047] The limit assembly 23 provided in the seeding disc assembly 2 of the present application can limit the relative rotation of the first seeding disc 21 and the second seeding disc 22 when the air-suction cotton precision seeding device with adjustable seed hole number is operating normally, ensuring that the two maintain a fixed positional relationship during the sowing process, thereby stably maintaining the alignment of the suction holes in the position required for the current sowing mode, and avoiding the seeding disc from accidentally rotating due to mechanical vibration or external interference, which affects the sowing accuracy. When the sowing mode needs to be changed, the operator drives the first seeding disc 21 to rotate by rotating the handle 43. This action can release the limiting effect of the limit assembly 23, allowing the first seeding disc 21 and the second seeding disc 22 to rotate relative to each other and adjust to the desired sowing mode, such as single-seed sowing, double-seed sowing, or alternating single and double-seed sowing. In the present application, the limit function is combined with the manual adjustment function, which not only ensures the structural stability of the seeding device during operation, but also realizes the convenience of switching sowing modes, avoiding the tedious operation of stopping and disassembling the traditional seeding device when changing the seeding disc, significantly shortening the mode switching time, and improving the efficiency and flexibility of the sowing operation.

[0048] The connecting column of the rotating handle 43 can be set to a triangular cross section, and a cylindrical boss can be set on the first seed disc 21, and a triangular hole matching the above-mentioned triangular cross section is opened on the cylindrical boss, such as Figure 4 As shown, the rotating handle 43 can drive the first seed row disk 21 to rotate.

[0049] According to one embodiment of the present application, Figure 9 As shown, the limiting assembly 23 includes a plunger cap 231, an elastic member and a plunger head 232. The plunger head 232 is movably installed in the plunger cap 231. The elastic member is installed in the plunger cap 231 and abuts against the plunger head 232. A mounting groove 224 is provided on the second seed row disc 22, and the plunger cap 231 is installed in the mounting groove 224. A limiting groove 214 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the annular boss 213, and the plunger head 232 is stuck in the limiting groove 214 under the action of the elastic member.

[0050] In the present application, the limit assembly 23 adopts a matching structure of a plunger cap 231, an elastic member, and a plunger head 232, so that the plunger head 232 can be snapped into the limit groove 214 under the elastic force of the elastic member. When the air-suction cotton precision seeding device with adjustable seed hole number is working normally, the elastic member pushes the plunger head 232 to be tightly embedded in the limit groove 214, forming a reliable mechanical limit, effectively limiting the relative rotation of the first seeding disc 21 and the second seeding disc 22, ensuring that the preset suction holes of the two are aligned during the sowing process, avoiding accidental changes in the sowing mode due to vibration or external interference, thereby ensuring sowing accuracy and stability. When the sowing mode needs to be changed, the operator drives the first row seed disk 21 to rotate through external force, so that the limit groove 214 of the annular boss 213 generates an extrusion force on the plunger head 232, overcomes the elastic force of the elastic member and drives the plunger head 232 to retract into the plunger cap 231, releasing the limit state. At this time, the two row seed disks can be rotated relative to each other to the required mode. When the limit groove 214 rotates to the next target position, the plunger head 232 is again stuck in the new limit groove 214 under the action of the elastic member, completing the positioning lock after the mode switch.

[0051] The end of the plunger head 232 can be configured as an inclined surface to ensure that when the first seeding disc 21 is rotated by rotating the handle 43, the plunger head 232 can smoothly disengage from the limiting groove 214 to release the limiting position. Along the circumferential direction of the seeding disc, multiple limiting assemblies 23 can be provided to ensure the limiting effect, for example, there can be 10 limiting assemblies 23.

[0052] The elastic member can be a spring. A wear-resistant coating can be provided on the end of the plunger head 232 to reduce friction loss caused by long-term frequent switching and extend the service life of the component.

[0053] In some cases, the limit assembly 23 can adopt an electromagnetic limit form, which controls the extension and retraction of the plunger head 232 through electromagnetic force, and realizes automatic switching of the sowing mode in combination with the control system to adapt to the development trend of intelligent sowing equipment.

[0054] According to one embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 As shown, a negative pressure chamber 31 is formed in the negative pressure housing 3 . The negative pressure chamber 31 is an annular cavity with a notch 311 . The notch 311 is arranged above the seed discharging port 112 .

[0055] The position of the first seeding disc 21 corresponding to the annular cavity is a continuous and uniform negative pressure adsorption area. At the same time, the setting of the notch 311 forms a non-negative pressure area on the first seeding disc 21, and this non-negative pressure area is located above the seeding port 112, thereby achieving precise control of the seed adsorption and release process. The continuous negative pressure area of ​​the annular cavity covers the adsorption range of the suction holes of the seeding disc assembly 2, ensuring that the seeds can be stably adsorbed at the suction holes during the rotation of the seeding disc assembly 2, avoiding seed falling or multiple grain adsorption problems caused by uneven negative pressure; and the notch 311 above the seeding port 112 interrupts the negative pressure state of this area. When the suction holes rotate to the position of the seeding port 112, the adsorption force on the seeds disappears, and under the action of gravity, they detach from the seeding disc assembly 2 and fall into the seeding port 112, achieving accurate release of the seeds.

[0056] The design of notch 311 corresponding to seed opening 112 enables automatic seed shedding, eliminating the need for scrapers or other components to separate the seeds. This simplifies the structure of the adjustable-hole-number air-suction cotton precision seed metering device and improves operational reliability. The negative pressure chamber 31 has a simple structure and clear function, achieving automatic switching between suction and release without the need for additional mechanical or electronic control components, reducing the complexity and manufacturing cost of the adjustable-hole-number air-suction cotton precision seed metering device.

[0057] In some cases, the gap 311 can be designed as a structure with adjustable width. In other words, the length of the annular cavity can be adjusted, and the coverage of the gap 311 can be changed by sliding baffles or elastic components to meet the release requirements of seeds with different particle sizes.

[0058] According to one embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 As shown, the air-suction type precision cotton seed metering device with adjustable seed hole number further includes a sealing ring 41 disposed on the side of the second seeding disc 22 facing the negative pressure housing 3. The shape of the sealing ring 41 matches the shape of the negative pressure chamber 31. The sealing ring 41 is fixedly mounted on the second housing 12, and the second seeding disc 22 rotates relative to the sealing ring 41 during operation.

[0059] The sealing ring 41 ensures a reliable seal between the second seeding disc 22 and the negative pressure housing 3, effectively preventing gas leakage within the negative pressure chamber 31. This ensures that the suction force generated by the negative pressure housing 3 consistently acts on the suction holes of the seeding disc assembly 2, thereby enhancing the reliability of the seed suction process. The matching shape of the sealing ring 41 and the negative pressure chamber 31 ensures a tight fit at the contact interface between the two, ensuring that the negative pressure suction area on the first seeding disc 21 matches the shape of the annular cavity.

[0060] The sealing ring 41 can be made of wear-resistant and aging-resistant silicone rubber or fluororubber material to meet the long-term use requirements in complex field environments.

[0061] According to one embodiment of the present application, Figure 6 As shown, along the radial direction of the second seed disc 22 , the third suction holes 221 and the fourth suction holes 222 are staggered. For example, the diameter of the circle where the third suction holes 221 are located may be smaller than the diameter of the circle where the fourth suction holes 222 are located.

[0062] The third suction holes 221 and the fourth suction holes 222 are staggered in the radial direction. This arrangement allows the first seed disc 21 to selectively adjust the obstruction of the third suction holes 221 when rotating, without interfering with or obstructing the fourth suction holes 222. Specifically, the third suction holes 221 and the fourth suction holes 222 differ in radial position. The first suction holes 211 and the second suction holes 212 on the first seed disc 21 are located at the same radial position as the third suction holes 221. When the first seed disc 21 rotates relative to the first seed disc 21, the first suction holes 211, the second suction holes 212, or the unopened portions of the first seed disc 21 act on the third suction holes 221 and do not intersect with the fourth suction holes 222, ensuring that the fourth suction holes 222 can normally absorb seeds in any sowing mode.

[0063] In some cases, the third suction hole 221 and the fourth suction hole 222 are staggered in the circumferential direction, that is, the third suction hole 221 and the fourth suction hole 222 are located on the same circle. At this time, it is necessary to set an avoidance area on the first seed row disk 21 to ensure that the fourth suction hole 222 always corresponds to the avoidance area during the rotation and sowing mode switching of the first seed row disk 21, and the normal suction of seeds is always not affected.

[0064] According to one embodiment of the present application, Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the first seed row disc 21 is provided with a plurality of arc holes 215, which correspond to the fourth suction holes 222 to avoid the unperforated area on the first seed row disc 21 blocking the fourth suction holes 222; or, the diameter of the circle where the fourth suction holes 222 are located is greater than the diameter of the first seed row disc 21.

[0065] The shape of the arc hole 215 matches the circle in which the fourth suction hole 222 is located. When the first seed-row disc 21 rotates relative to the first seed-row disc 21, the arc hole 215 always aligns with the fourth suction hole 222, maintaining connectivity between the two and ensuring that the fourth suction hole 222 can properly absorb seeds in any sowing mode. When the arc hole 215 aligns with the fourth suction hole 222, the seed chamber on the left can be connected to the negative pressure chamber on the right through the "arc hole 215 + fourth suction hole 222" formation. That is, the fourth suction hole 222 can absorb seeds due to the negative pressure.

[0066] In some cases, the diameter of the circle where the fourth suction hole 222 is located is larger than the diameter of the first seed row disk 21, so that the fourth suction hole 222 is beyond the effective range of the first seed row disk 21 from the perspective of spatial layout, and the possibility of obstruction is eliminated from the perspective of physical structure.

[0067] The above two forms ensure that only the fourth suction hole 222 works during single-grain sowing and the fourth suction hole 222 works in coordination with other suction holes during double-grain or alternating sowing, thereby avoiding the problem of suction leakage or adsorption failure caused by obstruction, and improving the adaptability and stability of the seed meter to different sowing modes.

[0068] According to one embodiment of the present application, Figure 6 As shown, the number of the third suction holes 221 and the number of the fourth suction holes 222 are the same.

[0069] When sowing double seeds, the number of the third suction holes 221 and the fourth suction holes 222 is the same and corresponds one to one. Each time, one seed is provided by the third suction hole 221 and the fourth suction hole 222, thereby realizing double seed sowing. When sowing single and double seeds alternately, half of the third suction holes 221 are blocked, and the remaining half of the third suction holes 221 cooperate with the fourth suction holes 222, thereby realizing alternating sowing of single and double seeds.

[0070] According to one embodiment of the present application, the number of the first suction holes 211 is 20 to 40, the number of the second suction holes 212 is 10 to 20, the number of the third suction holes 221 is 20 to 40, and the number of the fourth suction holes 222 is 20 to 40.

[0071] For example, the number of the first suction holes 211 may be 30, the number of the second suction holes 212 may be 15, the number of the third suction holes 221 may be 30, and the number of the fourth suction holes 222 may be 30.

[0072] According to one embodiment of the present application, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the outer circumferential surface of the first seed disc 21 is provided with a first groove 216, a second groove 217 and a third groove 218 in sequence along the circumferential direction, and the outer circumferential surface of the second seed disc 22 is provided with a fourth groove 225; an observation port 113 is provided on the mounting shell 1, and the observation port 113 is configured to display the matching condition of the fourth groove 225 with the first groove 216, the second groove 217 or the third groove 218, so as to judge the status of the seed disc assembly 2.

[0073] This method of observing the groove alignment through the observation port 113 provides the operator with an intuitive basis for determining the sowing mode. Without disassembling the seed meter or using additional testing equipment, the operator can directly view the groove alignment through the observation port 113, quickly determining the current operating mode of the seed disc assembly 2. Specifically, when the fourth groove 225 aligns with the first groove 216, it corresponds to the single-seed sowing mode; when it aligns with the second groove 217, it corresponds to the alternating single- and double-seed sowing mode; and when it aligns with the third groove 218, it corresponds to the double-seed sowing mode. This significantly enhances the visualization of the sowing mode, reduces the risk of misjudging the mode during operation, and improves the efficiency and accuracy of the sowing operation.

[0074] In actual use, color markings or fluorescent coatings can be set in different grooves to enhance the visual distinction at the observation port 113, especially for working environments with low light. Alternatively, indicator labels can be set on the edge of the observation port 113 to clearly mark the sowing mode corresponding to each groove. For example, the groove structure can be replaced with raised scale lines or digital marks, and the mode can be determined by observing the relative position of the fourth groove 225 and different scale lines. Alternatively, a pressure sensor or displacement sensor can be integrated inside the seed meter to convert the groove matching state into an electrical signal and display it in real time on a display screen, thereby realizing digital monitoring of the sowing mode.

[0075] In some cases, the cotton direct seeding machine may include the aforementioned air-suction type cotton precision seed metering device with adjustable hole seed number.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various combinations, modifications, or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present application do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application and are intended to be encompassed by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An air-suction type cotton precision seed metering device with adjustable seed hole number, characterized in that: include: Install the housing (1); A seeding disc assembly (2) is installed in the installation housing (1); a feed port (111) and a seeding port (112) are provided in an area of ​​the installation housing (1) located on one side of the seeding disc assembly (2); A negative pressure housing (3) is in spatial communication with the mounting housing (1) located on the other side of the seed disc assembly (2), and is provided with a negative pressure port (32); The seed disc assembly (2) comprises: A first seeding disc (21) is provided with a first suction hole (211) and a second suction hole (212), wherein the first suction hole (211) and the second suction hole (212) are staggered along the circumferential direction on the first seeding disc (21); The second seed-rowing disc (22) is provided with a third suction hole (221) and a fourth suction hole (222), wherein the first suction holes (211) and the third suction holes (221) are the same in number and have corresponding positions; the second suction holes (212) are half the number of the third suction holes (221) and are aligned with the third suction holes (221) at intervals; The first seeding disc (21) and the second seeding disc (22) can rotate relative to each other so that the third suction hole (221) is aligned with the first suction hole (211), the second suction hole (212) and one of the unperforated areas on the first seeding disc (21).

2. The air-suction type cotton precision seed metering device with adjustable seed hole number according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first seeding disc (21) is provided with an annular boss (213), and the second seeding disc (22) is provided with a matching groove (223), and the annular boss (213) extends into the matching groove (223), so that the first seeding disc (21) and the second seeding disc (22) are combined to form the seeding disc assembly (2).

3. The air-suction type cotton precision seed metering device with adjustable seed hole number according to claim 2, characterized in that: The seeding disc assembly (2) further comprises a limiting assembly (23), and the limiting assembly (23) is used to limit the relative rotation of the first seeding disc (21) and the second seeding disc (22).

4. The air-suction type cotton precision seed metering device with adjustable seed hole number according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting assembly (23) comprises a plunger cap (231), an elastic member, and a plunger head (232); the plunger head (232) is movably mounted in the plunger cap (231); the elastic member is mounted in the plunger cap (231) and abuts against the plunger head (232); The second seed row disc (22) is provided with a mounting groove (224), and the plunger cap (231) is mounted in the mounting groove (224); A limiting groove (214) is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the annular boss (213), and the plunger head (232) is snapped into the limiting groove (214) under the action of the elastic member.

5. The air-suction type cotton precision seed metering device with adjustable seed hole number according to claim 1, characterized in that: A negative pressure cavity (31) is formed in the negative pressure housing (3), and the negative pressure cavity (31) is an annular cavity with a notch (311), and the notch (311) is arranged above the seed discharging port (112).

6. The air-suction type cotton precision seed metering device with adjustable seed hole number according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a sealing ring (41) arranged on the side of the second seed row disc (22) facing the negative pressure housing (3), and the shape of the sealing ring (41) matches the shape of the negative pressure chamber (31).

7. The air-suction type cotton precision seed metering device with adjustable seed hole number according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the radial direction of the second seed row disc (22), the third suction hole (221) and the fourth suction hole (222) are staggered.

8. The air-suction type cotton precision seed metering device with adjustable seed hole number according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first seeding disc (21) is provided with a plurality of arc holes (215), and the plurality of arc holes (215) correspond to the fourth suction hole (222) to prevent the unperforated area on the first seeding disc (21) from blocking the fourth suction hole (222); or, The diameter of the circle where the fourth suction hole (222) is located is greater than the diameter of the first seeding disc (21).

9. The air-suction type cotton precision seed metering device with adjustable seed hole number according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The number of the third suction holes (221) and the number of the fourth suction holes (222) are the same.

10. The air-suction type cotton precision seed metering device with adjustable seed hole number according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The number of the first suction holes (211) is 20 to 40, the number of the second suction holes (212) is 10 to 20, the number of the third suction holes (221) is 20 to 40, and the number of the fourth suction holes (222) is 20 to 40.

11. The air-suction type cotton precision seed metering device with adjustable seed hole number according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A first groove (216), a second groove (217), and a third groove (218) are sequentially provided on the outer circumferential surface of the first seed row disc (21), and a fourth groove (225) is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the second seed row disc (22); The mounting shell (1) is provided with an observation port (113), and the observation port (113) is configured to display the matching condition of the fourth groove (225) and the first groove (216), the second groove (217) or the third groove (218), so as to judge the state of the seed disc assembly (2).

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