Greenhouse soybean rapid breeding method

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for quickly breeding soybeans in a greenhouse, which comprises the following steps of: planting soybean seeds in a pot picking method in the greenhouse, sowing the soybean seeds in planting pots, and planting 4-8 soybean seeds in each pot, and the conditions of the greenhouse are as follows: (1) photoperiod treatment; (2) light quality treatment: putting the seeds into a blue-light LED lamp room after sowing, increasing the proportion of the blue-light wave band of 460-490 nm by 15% under a full-spectrum condition, and transferring the plants into the full-spectrum LED lamp room when the plants grow to a four-leaf stage until the plants are mature; (3) temperature treatment; (4) humidity treatment; (5) CO2 concentration treatment; (6) supplementing water; and (7) post-processing. According to the method, the breeding cycle of four generations of soybeans in one year can be realized by regulating and controlling the aspects of photoperiod, light quality, CO2, temperature, humidity, moisture, post-treatment and the like, and the average single plant breeding quantity is between 30 and 70, so that the breeding cycle can be shortened, and the breeding yield can be increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soybean breeding, in particular to a method for rapid breeding of greenhouse soybeans. Background Art

[0002] Soybeans are a globally important oil crop and protein source. Conventional soybean breeding involves creating genetic variation through inter-variety hybridization, resulting in the selection of new genetically recombinant varieties. The soybean hybrid breeding process, from hybridization to variety approval, requires at least 10 generations. The first 5-6 generations primarily involve selfing heterozygous material to homozygosity. This entire breeding process is extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive, severely limiting the rate of soybean trait improvement. Therefore, shortening the breeding cycle by accelerating selfing in early generations has long been a goal pursued by soybean breeders.

[0003] Currently, there are two main approaches to rapid generation technology. The first is a plant factory strategy based on artificially controlled conditions such as greenhouses and climate chambers. By manipulating environmental factors such as light, temperature, humidity, and nutrient supply, optimal conditions for plant growth and reproduction are created. The second is a translocation generation strategy that takes advantage of regional differences in light and temperature conditions, including latitude, altitude, and topography, by transferring seeds between regions to achieve rapid generational succession.

[0004] Existing literature discloses a method for accelerating soybean breeding. This method uses a mixture of red and blue light to illuminate soybean seedlings, adjusting the ratio of red and blue light during the process to shorten the soybean breeding cycle. For plant growth, full-spectrum lighting can provide the various light qualities required by plants at different growth stages. In reality, using only a combination of red and blue light can only shorten the soybean breeding cycle, but will not increase breeding yield and may also affect soybean quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a method for rapid breeding of greenhouse soybeans to solve the above-mentioned problems of the traditional technology. The method can not only shorten the breeding cycle, but also increase the breeding yield.

[0006] One of the objectives of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: A method for rapid breeding of greenhouse soybeans, comprising the following steps: In a greenhouse, soybean seeds were planted using the pot picking method, sowing in planting pots, with 4-8 plants planted in each pot. The greenhouse conditions were: (1) Photoperiod treatment: LED lights were used to supplement the light, so that the light intensity at the top 20 cm of the soybean plant was 500 umols -1 m -2The light cycle of the supplementary light is 12 h light / 12 h dark, and the supplementary light is applied from 6:00 to 18:00. The natural daylight photoperiod during the planting period is 12 h to 14 h light time; (2) Light quality treatment: After sowing, place the plants in a blue LED light room. Under full spectrum conditions, the proportion of blue light in the 460-490 nm band is increased by 15%. When the plants grow to the four-leaf stage, they are transferred to a full-spectrum LED light room until the plants mature. (3) Temperature treatment: The temperature in the greenhouse is controlled by air conditioning. During the day from 6:00 to 18:00, the temperature is controlled within the range of 26℃-30℃, and the maximum temperature does not exceed 35℃. At night from 18:00 to 6:00 the next day, the temperature is controlled within the range of 20℃-24℃. (4) Humidity control: The humidity in the greenhouse is controlled by a humidifier. The relative humidity of the air is maintained at 60-70% from 6:00 to 18:00 during the day, and at 40-50% from 18:00 to 6:00 the next day. (5) CO2 concentration treatment: adjust the CO2 concentration through a CO2 generator or ventilation system to maintain the CO2 concentration at 600-1200 ppm; (6) Water supplementation: During the planting period, water once a day. The watering time periods are: 6:00 to 7:00 in the morning, 13:00 to 14:00 in the afternoon, and 22:00 to 23:00 in the evening. Spray water once during one of the above watering time periods. (7) Late-stage processing: In the late stage of soybean grain filling and before it turns yellow, drought and high temperature treatment are carried out to accelerate maturity.

[0007] That is, the above method can achieve a soybean reproduction cycle of four generations per year through the regulation and control of photoperiod, light quality, CO2, temperature, humidity, moisture, and post-processing, and make the average single plant reproduction amount between 30-90, which can not only shorten the breeding cycle, but also increase the breeding yield.

[0008] The second object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: A method for rapid breeding of greenhouse soybeans, comprising the following steps: S1: Seed pretreatment Select soybean seeds with complete, plump grains and intact embryos, wash them with purified water, put them into a soaking liquid, and soak them under LED light for 6-8 hours to obtain pretreated soybean seeds; wherein the soaking liquid is rice washing water; S2: Planting In a greenhouse, pretreated soybean seeds are planted in planting pots using a pot picking method, with 4-8 plants planted in each pot. The planting pots are provided with a lower layer of treated rice straw and an upper layer of a soil matrix layer, wherein the ratio of the rice straw layer to the soil matrix layer is 1:(2-4):1, and the soil matrix of the soil matrix layer is a mixture of humus and vermiculite at a mass ratio of (2-4):1. The greenhouse conditions are: (1) Photoperiod treatment: LED lights were used to supplement the light, so that the light intensity at the top 20 cm of the soybean plant was 500 μmol s -1 m -2 The light cycle of the supplementary light is 12 h light / 12 h dark, and the supplementary light is applied from 6:00 to 18:00 in the morning. The natural daylight photoperiod during the planting period is 12 h to 14 h light time; (2) Light quality treatment: After sowing, place the plants in a blue LED light room. Under full spectrum conditions, the proportion of blue light in the 460-490 nm band is increased by 15%. When the plants grow to the four-leaf stage, they are transferred to a full-spectrum LED light room until the plants mature. (3) Temperature treatment: The temperature in the greenhouse is controlled by air conditioning. During the day from 6:00 to 18:00, the temperature is controlled within the range of 26℃-30℃, and the maximum temperature does not exceed 35℃. At night from 18:00 to 6:00 the next day, the temperature is controlled within the range of 20℃-24℃. (4) Humidity control: The humidity in the greenhouse is controlled by a humidifier. The relative humidity of the air is maintained at 60-70% from 6:00 to 18:00 during the day, and at 40-50% from 18:00 to 6:00 the next day. (5) CO2 concentration treatment: adjust the CO2 concentration through a CO2 generator or ventilation system to maintain the CO2 concentration at 600-1200 ppm; (6) Water supplementation: During the planting period, water once a day. The watering time periods are: 6:00 to 7:00 in the morning, 13:00 to 14:00 in the afternoon, and 22:00 to 23:00 in the evening. Spray water once during one of the above watering time periods. (7) Late-stage treatment: In the late stage of soybean grain filling and before it turns yellow, drought and high temperature (temperature is 30°C) treatment are carried out to accelerate maturity; S3: Harvest When soybeans reach full maturity and there is a noticeable sound when shaking the plants, they are harvested and the harvested seeds are placed in a cool and ventilated place.

[0009] That is, the above method can achieve rapid soybean generation technology by adopting seed pretreatment and improvement of planting soil, combined with the regulation and control of photoperiod, light quality, CO2, temperature, humidity, moisture, and post-processing, and can increase the single plant reproduction amount to between 70-120, which can not only shorten the breeding cycle, but also increase the breeding yield.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S1, an LED lamp is placed 5-10 cm above the soybean seeds, with a light intensity of 400-500 umol s - 1 m -2 .

[0011] Furthermore, in step S1, the mass ratio of the soaking liquid to the soybean seeds is (2-3):1.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S1, the rice washing water includes the following components in weight percentage: 5-10% starch, 5-10% sugar, 1-5% amino acid, 1-5% protein, 1-3% minerals, and the rest is water.

[0013] Furthermore, the starch is composed of amylose and amylopectin in a mass ratio of 1:(2-3), the molecular weight of the amylose is 100,000Da-500,000Da, and the molecular weight of the amylopectin is 200,000Da-600,000Da.

[0014] Furthermore, the carbohydrate is glucose; and the minerals are one or more of potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, phosphorus, and selenium.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S2, the length of the rice straw in the rice straw layer is 1-5 cm.

[0016] Furthermore, the treated rice straw layer is obtained by soaking the rice straw in a Bacillus subtilis solution containing cellulase for 8-12 hours. Furthermore, the number of viable bacteria in the Bacillus subtilis solution is 1×10 8 -1×10 9 CFU / g.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S2, the humus soil contains 50%-60% humus and has a pH value between 6.0 and 7.5.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The method of the present invention can achieve a four-generation soybean reproduction cycle per year through regulation and control of photoperiod, light quality, CO2, temperature, humidity, moisture, post-processing, etc., realize soybean rapid generation technology, and make the average single plant reproduction amount between 30-70, which can not only shorten the breeding cycle but also increase the breeding yield.

[0019] 2. The method of the present invention can achieve rapid soybean generation technology by adopting seed pretreatment and improvement of planting soil, combined with regulation and control of photoperiod, light quality, CO2, temperature, humidity, moisture, post-processing, etc., and make the average single plant reproduction between 38-70, which can not only shorten the breeding cycle but also increase the breeding yield. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is the seedling stage in the soybean planting process; Figure 2 It is the vegetative growth period in the soybean planting process; Figure 3 It is the reproductive growth period in the soybean planting process; Figure 4 It is the maturity stage in the soybean planting process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention provides a method for rapid breeding of greenhouse soybeans, which can not only shorten the breeding cycle but also increase the breeding yield. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: S1: Seed pretreatment Select soybean seeds with complete, plump grains and intact embryos, wash them with purified water, and then put them into the soaking solution. Place them under the LED light (the LED light is placed 5-10 cm above the soybean seeds, and the light intensity is 400-500 umol s -1 m -2 ) for 6-8 hours. Through the combination of light and soaking liquid, the seeds are accelerated to germinate, the germination rate is increased, and the seeds are endowed with stress resistance. In this step, the soybean seeds can be varieties in the Northeast region or varieties in the Huanghuai region. The varieties in the Northeast region are one or more of Kedou 28, Dengke 5, Henong 134, Liaodou 32, Mengdou 57, Henong 71, Kedou 52, Kedou 52, Huajiang 2, Hefeng 55, Jiadou 32, Mengdou 33, and Qinong 5; the varieties in the Huanghuai region are one or more of Jidou 12, Jidou 17, Jidou 27, Jidou 33, Kedou 35, Longzhonghuang 605, Luodou No. 1, Qihuang 34, Shengdou 101, Sudou 051, Wodou No. 5, Zhongdou 63, Zhonghuang 301, Zhongliandou 5046, Zhongliandou 6001, Zhongliandou 6024, Zhongliandou 6036, and Zhongpin 661.

[0022] The mass ratio of the soaking liquid to the soybean seeds is (2-3):1, or the soaking liquid completely submerges the soybean seeds. The soaking liquid is rice washing water, also known as rice-washing water, which is the water used to wash rice. It contains dissolved nutrients such as starch, sugars, amino acids, proteins, minerals, and microorganisms. Starch and sugars increase the osmotic pressure of the solution, making it easier for the seeds to absorb water and swell. Water absorption by seeds is the first step in seed germination. Sufficient water absorption accelerates metabolic activity within the seeds and promotes germination. Amino acids, proteins, and minerals provide nutritional support for seed germination. These nutrients promote enzyme activity within the seeds and accelerate the conversion and utilization of nutrients. Microorganisms improve the seed microenvironment and inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms, thereby reducing the risk of disease during seed germination. In this embodiment, the rice washing water comprises the following components in weight percentage: 5-10% starch, 5-10% sugars, 1-5% amino acids, 1-5% protein, 1-3% minerals, and the remainder is water. Among them, starch is composed of amylose and amylopectin in a mass ratio of 1: (2-3), the molecular weight of amylose is 100,000Da-500,000Da, the molecular weight of amylopectin is 200,000Da-600,000Da, the carbohydrate is glucose; the minerals are one or more of potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, phosphorus, and selenium.

[0023] S2: Planting In a greenhouse, pretreated soybean seeds are planted using the pot picking method in planting pots with a diameter of 26.5 cm and a height of 22.6 cm. 4-8 plants are planted in each pot. The planting pots are provided with a lower layer of treated rice straw and an upper layer of soil matrix. The ratio of the thickness of the rice straw layer to the thickness of the soil matrix layer is 1:(2-4). Through the dual effects of the rice straw and the soil matrix, the soybean seeds are provided with the nutrients they need during growth, promoting their robust and rapid growth. The rice straw provides more nutrition for the soybeans during their reproductive growth period. In this embodiment, the treated rice straw layer is obtained by soaking a 1-5 cm long rice straw layer in a Bacillus subtilis culture solution containing cellulase for 8-12 hours. The viable bacterial count of the Bacillus subtilis culture solution is 1×10 8 -1×10 9 CFU / g; the soil matrix is ​​a mixture of humus and vermiculite in a mass ratio of 2-4:1. The addition of vermiculite to rice straw makes the humus in the planting pot more breathable and water-retaining, while also allowing some of the nutrients produced by Bacillus subtilis decomposing the rice straw to be provided to the plants. In this step, the humus contains 50%-60% humus and has a pH between 6.0 and 7.5.

[0024] The greenhouse conditions are: (1) Photoperiod treatment: LED lights were used to supplement the light, achieving a light intensity of 500 μmol s at the top 20 cm of the soybean plant. -1 m -2 The light cycle of the supplementary light is 12 h light / 12 h dark, and the supplementary light is provided from 6:00 to 18:00 in the morning. The natural daylight light cycle during the planting period is 14 h to 12 h light time.

[0025] (2) Light quality treatment: After sowing, place the seeds in a blue LED light room. Under full-spectrum conditions, the proportion of blue light in the 460-490 nm band is increased by 15%. The increase in blue light can significantly promote the synthesis of chlorophyll and carotenoids and enhance the photosynthesis efficiency of plants. When the plants grow to the four-leaf stage (V4), they are removed and transferred to a full-spectrum (white light) LED light room until the plants mature. Full-spectrum light can provide all the light qualities required for plant photosynthesis, significantly increasing the chlorophyll content of soybean leaves, enhancing photosynthetic efficiency, and thus promoting plant yield.

[0026] (3) Temperature treatment: The greenhouse temperature is controlled by air conditioning. From 6:00 AM to 6:00 PM during the day, the temperature is kept between 26°C and 30°C, with a maximum temperature not exceeding 35°C. At night, from 6:00 PM to 6:00 AM, the temperature is kept between 20°C and 24°C. Changing the temperature at different times promotes plant growth.

[0027] (4) Humidity control: Use a humidifier to control the humidity in the greenhouse. During the daytime from 6:00 to 18:00, the relative humidity of the air is maintained at 60-70%, and at night from 18:00 to 6:00 the next day, the relative humidity of the air is maintained at 40-50%. Changing the humidity at different time periods, increasing the humidity during the day can promote plant growth, and reducing the humidity at night can reduce the occurrence of diseases.

[0028] (5) CO2 concentration treatment: Adjust the CO2 concentration through a CO2 generator or ventilation system to maintain the CO2 concentration at 600-1200 ppm.

[0029] (6) Water supplementation: During the planting period, water once a day. The watering time periods are: 6:00 to 7:00 in the morning, 13:00 to 14:00 in the afternoon, and 22:00 to 23:00 in the evening. Choose one of the above watering time periods to spray water once to keep the soil properly moist while promoting the decomposition of rice straw at the bottom of the pot to provide nutrients later.

[0030] (7) Late-stage treatment: In the late stage of soybean grain filling and before it turns yellow, drought and high temperature (temperature is 30℃) treatment are carried out to accelerate maturity.

[0031] S3: Harvest When soybeans reach full maturity (R8) and there is a noticeable sound when shaking the plants, they are harvested and the harvested seeds are placed in a cool and ventilated place.

[0032] In the method of the present invention, seed pretreatment and appropriate regulatory measures, including photoperiod, light quality, temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration and soil nutrients, can be used to achieve a soybean reproduction cycle of four generations a year, realize soybean rapid generation technology, and make the average single plant reproduction amount between 30 and 70, which can not only shorten the breeding cycle but also increase the breeding yield.

[0033] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods in the following examples are conventional or standard methods and can be performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product instructions. The materials and reagents used in the following examples are all commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0035] Example 1 1. Test materials: The first batch consists of 9 varieties from the Huanghuai region, the second batch consists of 7 varieties from the Northeast region, the third batch consists of 9 varieties from the Huanghuai region, and the fourth batch consists of 6 varieties from the Northeast region. The specific details are shown in Tables 1 to 4.

[0036] 2. Planting location: Wuhan greenhouse.

[0037] 3. Planting time: The first batch is carried out in January, the second batch is carried out in April, the third batch is carried out in July, and the fourth batch is carried out in October.

[0038] 4. Planting method S1: Seed selection Select soybean seeds with complete, plump grains and intact germs.

[0039] S2: Planting, e.g. Figure 1-Figure 4 Soybean cultivation process shown Soybean seeds were sown in a greenhouse using the pot-picking method, sowing in moistened pots (26.5 cm in diameter and 22.6 cm in height), with 4-8 plants planted per pot. The soil was composed of humus and vermiculite in a 2:1 mass ratio.

[0040] Among them, the conditions of the greenhouse are: (1) Photoperiod treatment: LED lights were used to supplement the light, achieving a light intensity of 500 μmol s at the top 20 cm of the soybean plant. -1 m-2 The light cycle of the supplementary light is 12 h light / 12 h dark, and the supplementary light is provided from 6:00 to 18:00 in the morning. The natural daylight light cycle during the planting period is 12 h to 14 h light time.

[0041] (2) Light quality treatment: After sowing, place the plants in a blue LED light room. Under full spectrum conditions, the proportion of blue light in the 460-490 nm band is increased by 15%. When the plants reach the four-leaf stage (V4), they are removed and transferred to a full-spectrum (white light) LED light room until the plants mature.

[0042] (3) Temperature treatment: The greenhouse temperature is controlled by air conditioning. From 6:00 AM to 6:00 PM during the day, the temperature is kept between 26°C and 30°C, with a maximum temperature not exceeding 35°C. At night, from 6:00 PM to 6:00 AM, the temperature is kept between 20°C and 24°C. Changing the temperature at different times promotes plant growth.

[0043] (4) Humidity control: The humidity in the greenhouse is controlled by a humidifier. The relative humidity of the air is maintained at 60-70% from 6:00 to 18:00 during the day, and at 40-50% from 18:00 to 6:00 the next day.

[0044] (5) CO2 concentration treatment: Adjust the CO2 concentration through a CO2 generator or ventilation system to maintain the CO2 concentration at 600-1200 ppm.

[0045] (6) Water supplementation: During the planting period, water once a day from 6:00 to 7:00 in the morning to keep the soil appropriately moist.

[0046] (7) Late-stage treatment: In the late stage of soybean grain filling and before it turns yellow, drought and high temperature (temperature is 30℃) treatment are carried out to accelerate maturity.

[0047] S3: Harvest When soybeans reach full maturity (R8) and there is a noticeable sound when shaking the plants, they are harvested and the harvested seeds are placed in a cool and ventilated place.

[0048] 5. The experimental results are shown in Tables 1 to 4 Table 1 Growth period and number of seeds per plant of the first batch of greenhouse soybean plants

[0049] Table 2 Growth period and number of seeds per plant of the second batch of greenhouse soybean plants

[0050] Table 3 Growth period and number of seeds per plant of the third batch of greenhouse soybean plants

[0051] Table 4 Growth period and number of seeds per plant of the fourth batch of greenhouse soybean plants

[0052] As can be seen from the table above, a total of four batches of treatments were carried out in this experiment. The average growth period of soybeans in the greenhouse was 78.3 days, and the average single-plant reproduction coefficient was 50.1 grains.

[0053] Example 2 1. Test materials: The first batch consists of 9 varieties from the Huanghuai region, the second batch consists of 7 varieties from the Northeast region, the third batch consists of 9 varieties from the Huanghuai region, and the fourth batch consists of 6 varieties from the Northeast region. The specific details are shown in Tables 5 to 8.

[0054] 2. Planting location: Wuhan greenhouse.

[0055] 3. Planting time: The first batch is carried out in January, the second batch is carried out in April, the third batch is carried out in July, and the fourth batch is carried out in October.

[0056] 4. Planting method S1: Seed pretreatment Select soybean seeds with complete, plump grains and intact embryos, wash them with purified water, and then put them into rice washing water. The rice washing water should be enough to submerge the soybean seeds. Then, place them under an LED lamp (the LED lamp is placed 10 cm above the soybean seeds, and the light intensity is 400 μmol s -1 m -2 ) and soak the seeds for 6 hours; Rice washing water contains the following components by weight: 8% starch, 5% sugars, 2% amino acids, 2% protein, 3% minerals, and the remainder is water. The starch is composed of amylose and amylopectin in a 1:2 weight ratio, with amylose having a molecular weight of 100,000-500,000 Da and amylopectin having a molecular weight of 200,000-600,000 Da. The sugar is glucose. Minerals include potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, phosphorus, and selenium.

[0057] S2: Planting In the greenhouse, the pretreated soybean seeds were planted using the pot picking method in planting pots with moist substrate. The diameter of the planting pots was 26.5 cm and the height was 22.6 cm. 4-8 plants were planted in each pot.

[0058] The planting pot is provided with a lower layer of treated rice straw and an upper layer of soil matrix. The ratio of the thickness of the rice straw layer to the thickness of the soil matrix layer is 1:3. The treated rice straw layer is obtained by soaking a 2 cm long rice straw layer in a Bacillus subtilis solution containing cellulase for 8 hours. The number of viable bacteria in the Bacillus subtilis solution is 8.5×10 8 CFU / g; the soil matrix is ​​a mixture of humus and vermiculite in a mass ratio of 3:1, the humus contains 60% humus, and the pH value is between 6.0 - 7.5.

[0059] The greenhouse conditions are: (1) Photoperiod treatment: LED lights were used to supplement the light, achieving a light intensity of 500 μmol s at the top 20 cm of the soybean plant. -1 m -2 The light cycle of the supplementary light is 12 h light / 12 h dark, and the supplementary light is provided from 6:00 to 18:00 in the morning. The natural daylight light cycle during the planting period is 12 h to 14 h light time.

[0060] (2) Light quality treatment: After sowing, place the plants in a blue LED light room. Under full spectrum conditions, the proportion of blue light in the 460-490 nm band is increased by 15%. When the plants reach the four-leaf stage (V4), they are removed and transferred to a full-spectrum (white light) LED light room until the plants mature.

[0061] (3) Temperature treatment: The greenhouse temperature is controlled by air conditioning. From 6:00 AM to 6:00 PM during the day, the temperature is kept between 26°C and 30°C, with a maximum temperature not exceeding 35°C. At night, from 6:00 PM to 6:00 AM, the temperature is kept between 20°C and 24°C. Changing the temperature at different times promotes plant growth.

[0062] (4) Humidity control: The humidity in the greenhouse is controlled by a humidifier. The relative humidity of the air is maintained at 60-70% from 6:00 to 18:00 during the day, and at 40-50% from 18:00 to 6:00 the next day.

[0063] (5) CO2 concentration treatment: Adjust the CO2 concentration through a CO2 generator or ventilation system to maintain the CO2 concentration at 600-1200 ppm.

[0064] (6) Water supplementation: During the planting period, water once a day from 6:00 to 7:00 in the morning to keep the soil appropriately moist.

[0065] (7) Late-stage treatment: In the late stage of soybean grain filling and before it turns yellow, drought and high temperature (temperature is 30℃) treatment are carried out to accelerate maturity.

[0066] S3: Harvest When soybeans reach full maturity (R8) and there is a noticeable sound when shaking the plants, they are harvested and the harvested seeds are placed in a cool and ventilated place.

[0067] 5. The experimental results are shown in Tables 5 to 8. Table 5 Growth period and number of seeds per plant of the first batch of greenhouse soybean plants

[0068] Table 6 Growth period and number of seeds per plant of the second batch of greenhouse soybean plants

[0069] Table 7 Growth period and number of seeds per plant of the third batch of greenhouse soybean plants

[0070] Table 8 Growth period and number of seeds per plant of the fourth batch of greenhouse soybean plants

[0071] As can be seen from the table above, a total of four batches of treatments were carried out in this experiment. The average growth period of soybeans in the greenhouse was 78.3 days, and the average single-plant reproduction coefficient was 55.4 grains.

[0072] Comparative Example 1 1. Test materials: The first batch consists of 9 varieties from the Huanghuai region, the second batch consists of 7 varieties from the Northeast region, the third batch consists of 9 varieties from the Huanghuai region, and the fourth batch consists of 6 varieties from the Northeast region. The specific details are shown in Tables 9 to 12.

[0073] 2. Planting location: Wuhan greenhouse.

[0074] 3. Planting time: The first batch is carried out in January, the second batch is carried out in April, the third batch is carried out in July, and the fourth batch is carried out in October.

[0075] 4. Planting method S1: Seed pretreatment - no LED light irradiation Select soybean seeds with complete, plump grains and intact embryos, wash them with purified water, and then put them into rice washing water, immersing the soybean seeds in the rice washing water, and soaking them for 6 hours; Rice washing water contains the following components by weight: 8% starch, 5% sugars, 2% amino acids, 2% protein, 3% minerals, and the remainder is water. The starch is composed of amylose and amylopectin in a 1:2 weight ratio, with amylose having a molecular weight of 100,000-500,000 Da and amylopectin having a molecular weight of 200,000-600,000 Da. The sugar is glucose. Minerals include potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, phosphorus, and selenium.

[0076] S2: Planting - No humidity treatment, CO2 concentration treatment and post-treatment In the greenhouse, the pretreated soybean seeds were planted using the pot picking method and sown in planting pots with a diameter of 26.5 cm and a height of 22.6 cm, with 4-8 plants planted in each pot.

[0077] The planting pot is provided with a lower layer of treated rice straw and an upper layer of soil matrix. The ratio of the thickness of the rice straw layer to the thickness of the soil matrix layer is 1:3. The treated rice straw layer is obtained by soaking a 2 cm long rice straw layer in Bacillus subtilis containing cellulase for 8 hours. The number of viable Bacillus subtilis is 8.5×10 8 CFU / g; the soil matrix is ​​a mixture of humus and vermiculite in a mass ratio of 3:1, the humus contains 60% humus, and the pH value is between 6.0 - 7.5.

[0078] The greenhouse conditions are: (1) Photoperiod treatment: LED lights were used to supplement the light, achieving a light intensity of 500 umols at the top 20 cm of the soybean plant. -1 m -2 The light cycle of the supplementary light is 12 h light / 12 h dark, and the supplementary light is provided from 6:00 to 18:00 in the morning. The natural daylight light cycle during the planting period is 14 h to 12 h light time.

[0079] (2) Light quality treatment: After sowing, place the plants in a blue LED light room. Under full spectrum conditions, the proportion of blue light in the 460-490 nm band is increased by 15%. When the plants reach the four-leaf stage (V4), they are removed and transferred to a full-spectrum (white light) LED light room until the plants mature.

[0080] (3) Temperature treatment: The greenhouse temperature is controlled by air conditioning. From 6:00 AM to 6:00 PM during the day, the temperature is kept between 26°C and 30°C, with a maximum temperature not exceeding 35°C. At night, from 6:00 PM to 6:00 AM, the temperature is kept between 20°C and 24°C. Changing the temperature at different times promotes plant growth.

[0081] (4) Water supplementation: During the planting period, water once a day from 6:00 to 7:00 in the morning to keep the soil appropriately moist.

[0082] S3: Harvest When soybeans reach full maturity (R8) and there is a noticeable sound when shaking the plants, they are harvested and the harvested seeds are placed in a cool and ventilated place.

[0083] 5. The experimental results are shown in Tables 9 to 12. Table 9 Growth period and number of seeds per plant of the first batch of greenhouse soybean plants

[0084] Table 10 Growth period and number of seeds per plant of the second batch of greenhouse soybean plants

[0085] Table 11 Growth period and number of seeds per plant of the third batch of greenhouse soybean plants

[0086] Table 12 Growth period and number of seeds per plant of the fourth batch of greenhouse soybean plants

[0087] As can be seen from the above table, the average growth period in the greenhouse of Comparative Example 1 is 94.6 days, and the average single plant reproduction coefficient is 51 seeds.

[0088] Comparative Example 2 1. Test materials: The first batch consists of 9 varieties from the Huanghuai region, the second batch consists of 7 varieties from the Northeast region, the third batch consists of 9 varieties from the Huanghuai region, and the fourth batch consists of 6 varieties from the Northeast region. The specific details are shown in Tables 13 to 16.

[0089] 2. Planting location: Wuhan greenhouse.

[0090] 3. Planting time: The first batch is carried out in January, the second batch is carried out in April, the third batch is carried out in July, and the fourth batch is carried out in October.

[0091] 4. Planting method S1: Seed pretreatment Select soybean seeds with complete, plump grains and intact embryos, wash them with purified water, and then put them into rice washing water. The rice washing water should be enough to submerge the soybean seeds. Then, place them under an LED lamp (the LED lamp is placed 10 cm above the soybean seeds, and the light intensity is 400 μmol s -1 m -2 ) and soaking the seeds for 6 hours; Rice washing water contains the following components by weight: 8% starch, 5% sugars, 2% amino acids, 2% protein, 3% minerals, and the remainder is water. The starch is composed of amylose and amylopectin in a 1:2 weight ratio, with amylose having a molecular weight of 100,000-500,000 Da and amylopectin having a molecular weight of 200,000-600,000 Da. The sugar is glucose. Minerals include potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, phosphorus, and selenium.

[0092] S2: Planting - no treated rice straw layer, no moisture treatment, altered moisture supplementation treatment In the greenhouse, the pretreated soybean seeds were planted using the pot picking method and sown in planting pots with a diameter of 26.5 cm and a height of 22.6 cm, with 4-8 plants planted in each pot.

[0093] Among them, the planting pot contains a soil matrix layer, which is a mixture of humus and vermiculite in a mass ratio of 3:1. The humus contains 60% humus and has a pH value between 6.0 and 7.5.

[0094] The greenhouse conditions are: (1) Photoperiod treatment: LED lights were used to supplement the light, achieving a light intensity of 500 umols at the top 20 cm of the soybean plant. -1 m -2 The light cycle of the supplementary light is 12 h light / 12 h dark, and the supplementary light is provided from 6:00 to 18:00 in the morning. The natural daylight light cycle during the planting period is 14 h to 12 h light time.

[0095] (2) Light quality treatment: After sowing, the plants were placed in a blue LED light room. When the plants reached the four-leaf stage (V4), they were removed and transferred to a full-spectrum (white light) LED light room until the plants matured.

[0096] (3) Temperature treatment: The greenhouse temperature is controlled by air conditioning. From 6:00 AM to 6:00 PM during the day, the temperature is kept between 26°C and 30°C, with a maximum temperature not exceeding 35°C. At night, from 6:00 PM to 6:00 AM, the temperature is kept between 20°C and 24°C. Changing the temperature at different times promotes plant growth.

[0097] (4) CO2 concentration treatment: Adjust the CO2 concentration through a CO2 generator or ventilation system to maintain the CO2 concentration at 600-1200 ppm.

[0098] (5) Water supplementation: During the planting period, spray water once from 6:00 to 7:00 in the morning, from 14:00 to 13:00 in the afternoon, and from 22:00 to 23:00 in the evening to keep the soil appropriately moist.

[0099] S3: Harvest When soybeans reach full maturity (R8) and there is a noticeable sound when shaking the plants, they are harvested and the harvested seeds are placed in a cool and ventilated place.

[0100] 5. The experimental results are shown in Table 13-Table 16 Table 13 Growth period and number of seeds per plant of the first batch of greenhouse soybean plants

[0101] Table 14 Growth period and number of seeds per plant of the second batch of greenhouse soybean plants

[0102] Table 15 Growth period and number of seeds per plant of the third batch of greenhouse soybean plants

[0103] Table 16 Growth period and number of seeds per plant of the fourth batch of greenhouse soybean plants

[0104] As can be seen from the above table, the average growth period in the greenhouse of Comparative Example 2 was 98.4 days, and the average single plant reproduction coefficient was 45.9 seeds.

[0105] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and replacements made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid breeding of greenhouse soybeans, characterized in that: The steps include: In a greenhouse, soybean seeds were planted using the pot picking method, sowing in planting pots, with 4-8 plants planted in each pot. The greenhouse conditions were: (1) Photoperiod treatment: LED lights were used to supplement the light, so that the light intensity at the top 20 cm of the soybean plant was 500 μmol s -1 m -2 The light cycle of the supplementary light is 12 h light / 12 h dark, and the supplementary light is applied from 6:00 to 18:

00. The natural daylight photoperiod during the planting period is 12 h to 14 h light time; (2) Light quality treatment: After sowing, place the plants in a blue LED light room. Under full spectrum conditions, the proportion of blue light in the 460-490 nm band is increased by 15%. When the plants grow to the four-leaf stage, they are transferred to a full-spectrum LED light room until the plants mature. (3) Temperature treatment: The temperature in the greenhouse is controlled by air conditioning. During the day from 6:00 to 18:00, the temperature is controlled within the range of 26℃-30℃, and the maximum temperature does not exceed 35℃. At night from 18:00 to 6:00 the next day, the temperature is controlled within the range of 20℃-24℃. (4) Humidity control: The humidity in the greenhouse is controlled by a humidifier. The relative humidity of the air is maintained at 60-70% from 6:00 to 18:00 during the day, and at 40-50% from 18:00 to 6:00 the next day. (5) CO2 concentration treatment: Adjust the CO2 concentration through a CO2 generator or ventilation system to maintain the CO2 concentration at 600-1200 ppm; (6) Water supplementation: During the planting period, water once a day. The watering time periods are: 6:00 to 7:00 in the morning, 13:00 to 14:00 in the afternoon, and 22:00 to 23:00 in the evening. Spray water once during one of the above watering time periods. (7) Late processing: In the late stage of soybean grain filling and before it turns yellow, drought and high temperature treatment are carried out to accelerate maturity.

2. A method for rapid breeding of greenhouse soybeans, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Seed pretreatment Select soybean seeds with complete, plump grains and intact embryos, wash them with purified water, put them into a soaking liquid, and soak them under LED light for 6-8 hours to obtain pretreated soybean seeds; wherein the soaking liquid is rice washing water; S2: Planting In a greenhouse, pretreated soybean seeds are planted in planting pots using a pot picking method, with 4-8 plants planted in each pot. The planting pots are provided with a lower layer of treated rice straw and an upper layer of a soil matrix layer, wherein the ratio of the rice straw layer to the soil matrix layer is 1:(2-4):1, and the soil matrix of the soil matrix layer is a mixture of humus and vermiculite at a mass ratio of (2-4):

1. The greenhouse conditions are: (1) Photoperiod treatment: LED lights were used to supplement the light, so that the light intensity at the top 20 cm of the soybean plant was 500 μmol s -1 m -2 The light cycle of the supplementary light is 12 h light / 12 h dark, and the supplementary light is applied from 6:00 to 18:

00. The natural daylight photoperiod during the planting period is 12 h to 14 h light time; (2) Light quality treatment: After sowing, place the plants in a blue LED light room. Under full spectrum conditions, the proportion of blue light in the 460-490 nm band is increased by 15%. When the plants grow to the four-leaf stage, they are transferred to a full-spectrum LED light room until the plants mature. (3) Temperature treatment: The temperature in the greenhouse is controlled by air conditioning. During the day from 6:00 to 18:00, the temperature is controlled within the range of 26℃-30℃, and the maximum temperature does not exceed 35℃. At night from 18:00 to 6:00 the next day, the temperature is controlled within the range of 20℃-24℃. (4) Humidity control: The humidity in the greenhouse is controlled by a humidifier. The relative humidity of the air is maintained at 60-70% from 6:00 to 18:00 during the day, and at 40-50% from 18:00 to 6:00 the next day. (5) CO2 concentration treatment: Adjust the CO2 concentration through a CO2 generator or ventilation system to maintain the CO2 concentration at 600-1200 ppm; (6) Water supplementation: During the planting period, water once a day. The watering time periods are: 6:00 to 7:00 in the morning, 13:00 to 14:00 in the afternoon, and 22:00 to 23:00 in the evening. Spray water once during one of the above watering time periods. (7) Late-stage treatment: In the late stage of soybean grain filling and before it turns yellow, drought and high temperature treatment are carried out to accelerate maturity; S3: Harvest When soybeans reach full maturity and there is a noticeable sound when shaking the plants, they are harvested and the harvested seeds are placed in a cool and ventilated place.

3. The method for rapid breeding of greenhouse soybeans according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1, an LED lamp is placed 5–10 cm above the soybean seeds with a light intensity of 400–500 μmol s -1 m -2 .

4. The method for rapid breeding of greenhouse soybeans according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1 , rice washing water includes the following components in weight percentage: 5-10% starch, 5-10% sugar, 1-5% amino acid, 1-5% protein, 1-3% minerals, and the rest is water.

5. The method for rapid breeding of greenhouse soybeans according to claim 4, characterized in that: Starch is composed of amylose and amylopectin in a mass ratio of 1: (2-3). The molecular weight of amylose is 100,000Da-500,000Da, and the molecular weight of amylopectin is 200,000Da-600,000Da.

6. The method for rapid breeding of greenhouse soybeans according to claim 5, characterized in that: The carbohydrate is glucose; the minerals are one or more of potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, phosphorus, and selenium.

7. The method for rapid breeding of greenhouse soybeans according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the length of the rice straw in the rice straw layer is 1-5 cm.

8. The method for rapid breeding of greenhouse soybeans according to claim 7, characterized in that: The treated rice straw layer is obtained by soaking the rice straw in a Bacillus subtilis solution containing cellulase for 8-12 hours.

9. The method for rapid breeding of greenhouse soybeans according to claim 8, characterized in that: The number of viable cells of Bacillus subtilis liquid is 1×10 8 -1×10 9 CFU / g.

10. The method for rapid breeding of greenhouse soybeans according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the humus soil contains 50%-60% humus and has a pH value between 6.0 and 7.5.

Images