A system for preparing a composite inorganic material from coal gangue

Abstract

The application provides a system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue, which comprises a pretreatment device, a reaction device, a heating device and an overflow pipeline, so that the coal gangue is efficiently utilized as a reaction material, and the problems of environmental pollution and resource waste caused by the accumulation of coal gangue are effectively solved. In addition, the system can efficiently recover valuable chemical components such as silicon and aluminum enriched in the coal gangue, promote the recycling of waste resources, and expand the source of high-performance inorganic materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of inorganic composite material preparation technology, and more specifically, to a system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue. Background Technology

[0002] Coal gangue is a solid waste discharged during the coal mining and washing processes. It is a blackish-gray rock with a low carbon content and harder than coal that is associated with coal seams during the coal formation process. It includes gangue from tunneling, gangue extracted from the roof, floor and interlayers during mining, and gangue from coal washing.

[0003] Coal gangue is produced in large quantities during coal mining and washing. Its long-term accumulation not only occupies land resources but also negatively impacts the surrounding environment, causing soil and water pollution and posing potential geological hazards. However, coal gangue is rich in valuable chemical components such as silicon and aluminum, possessing significant potential for resource utilization. Currently, the lack of specialized equipment for the large-scale production of composite inorganic materials from coal gangue limits its high-value applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue. By constructing a system comprising a pretreatment device, a reaction device, a heating device, and an overflow pipe, coal gangue is efficiently utilized as a reactant, effectively solving the environmental pollution and resource waste problems caused by coal gangue accumulation. Furthermore, the system provided by this invention can efficiently recover valuable chemical components such as silicon and aluminum abundant in coal gangue, contributing to the resource recycling of waste and expanding the sources of high-performance inorganic materials.

[0005] This invention provides a system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue, the system comprising:

[0006] The reaction apparatus (1), the pretreatment apparatus (2), and the heating apparatus (3) contain reactants piled up in the reaction apparatus (1) along the target direction.

[0007] An overflow pipe (11) is provided inside the reaction device (1). The first part (111) of the overflow pipe (11) is located inside the reaction device (1), and the second part (112) is located outside the reaction device (1). The overflow pipe (11) is capable of moving in the target direction.

[0008] The inlet of the reaction device (1) is connected to the outlet of the pretreatment device (2) via a first feed pipe (12), and the heating device (3) and the first feed pipe (12) are located on opposite sides of the reaction device (1) in the target direction.

[0009] The pretreatment device (2) is configured to stir the coal gangue that enters it to obtain the reaction material, and to transport the reaction material to the reaction device (1) through the first conveying pipe (12);

[0010] The heating device (3) is configured to heat the reactants in the reaction device (1);

[0011] The reaction apparatus (1) is configured to calcine the reaction materials at high temperature to obtain composite inorganic materials;

[0012] The overflow pipe (11) is configured to discharge the composite inorganic material from the reaction device (1).

[0013] Optionally, the system further includes a connector (4) and a baffle plate (5);

[0014] One end of the connector (4) extends into the overflow pipe (11) along the target direction and is connected to the inner wall of the overflow pipe (11), while the other end of the connector (4) extends out of the overflow pipe (11) and is connected to the baffle plate (5).

[0015] The baffle plate (5) and the overflow pipe (11) are arranged opposite to each other in the target direction, and the orthographic projection of the baffle plate (5) on the plane where the opening of the overflow pipe (11) is located at least covers the opening of the overflow pipe (11).

[0016] Optionally, the baffle plate (5) includes a connection area (51) connected to the connector (4) and a baffle area (52) outside the connection area (51);

[0017] The minimum distance from the connecting area (51) to the opening of the overflow pipe (11) is greater than the minimum distance from the baffle area (52) outside the connecting area (51) to the opening of the overflow pipe (11).

[0018] Optionally, along the direction from the edge of the connecting area (51) to the baffle plate (5), the minimum distance from the baffle area (52) to the opening of the overflow pipe (11) decreases linearly.

[0019] Optionally, the minimum distance between the edge of the baffle plate (5) and the plane containing the opening of the overflow pipe (11) in the target direction is 5 cm-20 cm.

[0020] Optionally, the system further includes a lifting device (6) and a control device (7);

[0021] The lifting device (6) is connected to the overflow pipe (11);

[0022] The control device (7) includes a timing unit (71), a comparison unit (72), and a control unit (73);

[0023] The timing unit (71) is configured to record the time of the high-temperature calcination and transmit the time value signal to the comparison unit (72);

[0024] The comparison unit (72) is configured to receive the time value signal and transmit a start signal to the control unit (73) when the time value signal is greater than the time threshold.

[0025] The control device (7) is configured to control the lifting device (6) to open in response to the start signal;

[0026] The lifting device (6) is configured to drive the overflow pipe (11) to move in the direction of the second part (112), so that the composite inorganic material enters from the opening of the overflow pipe (11) and is discharged from the reaction device (1) through the overflow pipe (11).

[0027] Optionally, the pretreatment device (2) includes a feeding device (21);

[0028] The feeding device (21) includes:

[0029] Feed pipe (211), and a screw conveyor (212) is provided inside the feed pipe (211);

[0030] The outlet of the feed pipe (211) is connected to the first conveying pipe (12), and the feed end of the screw conveyor (212) is adjacent to the inlet of the feed pipe (211), and the discharge end is adjacent to the first conveying pipe (12).

[0031] The feeding device (21) is configured to stir the coal gangue to obtain the reaction material, and to transport the reaction material to the reaction device (1) through the first conveying pipe (12).

[0032] Optionally, the feeding device (21) further includes a first feeding port (213) and a second feeding port (214) disposed at different positions on the feeding pipe (211), wherein the first feeding port (213) is configured to add alumina to the coal gangue in the feeding pipe (211); and the second feeding port (214) is configured to add silicon dioxide to the coal gangue in the feeding pipe (211).

[0033] Optionally, the first feed port (213) is located on the side of the second feed port (214) near the third feed pipe (221).

[0034] Optionally, the heating device (3) includes a fan (31), a preheater (32), and a heater (33);

[0035] The air outlet of the fan (31) is connected to the air inlet of the preheater (32) via a first air supply pipe (311);

[0036] The outlet of the preheater (32) is connected to the reaction device (1) through the second gas supply pipe (321), and the connection position is on the opposite side of the first material supply pipe (12);

[0037] The heater (33) is sleeved on the outer wall of the reaction device (1), and the sleeved position is on the side close to the second gas supply pipe (321);

[0038] The fan (31) is configured to blow the heat storage gas through the first gas delivery pipe (311) into the preheater (32);

[0039] The preheater (32) is configured to heat the stored gas to 500 ℃-600 ℃ and to deliver the heated stored gas to the reaction device (1) through the second gas delivery pipe (321);

[0040] The heater (33) is configured to further heat the heated storage gas to a temperature greater than 1000 °C. The storage gas at a temperature greater than 1000 °C provides a high-temperature environment for the reactants, and the composite inorganic material is obtained after calcination.

[0041] Beneficial technical effects:

[0042] This invention provides a system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue. The system mainly includes a reaction device, a pretreatment device, a heating device, and an overflow pipe installed within the reaction device. In practice, the coal gangue is first stirred in the pretreatment device to obtain reactants. The reactants are then transported to the reaction device through a first conveying pipe. The heating device continuously heats the accumulated reactants, subjecting them to high-temperature calcination to obtain the composite inorganic material. During the high-temperature calcination, the first part of the overflow pipe is located inside the reaction device, preventing continuously replenished reactants from entering the overflow pipe. After calcination, the overflow pipe is moved towards the direction of the second part, allowing the composite inorganic material to enter the overflow pipe through the opening of the first part and ultimately exit the reaction device.

[0043] In this invention, the homogeneous reactant obtained by stirring in the pretreatment device undergoes dehydration, decomposition, and mineral phase reconstruction sequentially within the reaction device, in conjunction with a gradient temperature field created by the heating device, ultimately yielding a composite inorganic material. This system enables the efficient conversion of coal gangue into high-performance composite inorganic materials, solving not only the problems of large land occupation and heavy pollution associated with traditional treatment methods but also achieving high-value utilization of waste, providing a practical and feasible technical path for the resource utilization of coal gangue. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the system structure for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0046] Figure 2 A top view of the baffle area proposed in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0047] Figure 3 A top view of the reaction apparatus proposed in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0048] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0049] 1. Reaction apparatus; 11. Overflow pipe; 111. First section; 112. Second section; 113. Storage silo; 12. First conveying pipe;

[0050] 2. Pretreatment device; 21. Feeding equipment; 211. Feed pipe; 212. Screw conveyor; 213. First feeding port; 214. Second feeding port;

[0051] 3. Heating device; 31. Fan; 311. First air supply pipe; 32. Preheater; 321. Second air supply pipe; 33. Heater; 331. Upper air distribution plate; 332. First air inlet; 333. Induction coil; 334. Protective sleeve; 335. Lower air distribution plate; 336. Second air inlet;

[0052] 4. Connectors;

[0053] 5. Baffle plate; 51. Connecting area; 52. Baffle area;

[0054] 6. Lifting device;

[0055] 7. Control device; 71. Timing unit; 72. Comparison unit; 73. Control unit;

[0056] 8. Cyclone separator. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] In the accompanying drawings, the size of constituent elements, the thickness of layers, or areas may sometimes be exaggerated for clarity. Therefore, any implementation of this disclosure is not necessarily limited to the dimensions shown in the drawings, and the shapes and sizes of the components in the drawings do not reflect true proportions. Furthermore, the drawings schematically illustrate ideal examples, and any implementation of this disclosure is not limited to the shapes or values ​​shown in the drawings.

[0059] In related technologies, there are many problems in the utilization of coal gangue. For example, in the application of building materials, its complex composition leads to poor quality stability, and the production of high-quality products requires high technical requirements. When used for power generation and heating, coal gangue has low combustion efficiency due to its low calorific value, and the combustion process easily produces a large amount of pollutants, and the initial treatment requires a large investment of costs. In the fields of land reclamation and agricultural applications, the harmful substances contained in coal gangue not only limit the effect of soil improvement, but also raise concerns about the stability of reclaimed land and the safety of crops, resulting in low utilization rate of coal gangue, which leads to long-term accumulation. This not only occupies land resources, but also causes negative impacts on the surrounding environment such as soil pollution, water pollution, and potential geological disasters.

[0060] This invention has discovered that, in addition to the applications mentioned above, coal gangue is rich in valuable chemical components such as silicon and aluminum, which can be further used to prepare composite inorganic materials. However, existing processes for preparing composite inorganic materials from a few coal gangues suffer from drawbacks such as discontinuous preparation processes, difficulty in large-scale production, and low energy utilization. To address these issues, this invention proposes a system for the batch preparation of composite inorganic materials from coal gangue, providing a new direction for the high-value utilization of coal gangue. By processing coal gangue through this system, its potential value can be fully explored, and it can be efficiently transformed into high-value-added compounds.

[0061] refer to Figure 1 This invention provides a system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue, the system mainly comprising:

[0062] The apparatus includes a reaction device 1, a pretreatment device 2, and a heating device 3. The reaction device 1 contains reactants, which are stacked along a target direction.

[0063] The reaction device 1 is provided with an overflow pipe 11. The first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 is located inside the reaction device 1, and the second part 112 is located outside the reaction device 1. The overflow pipe 11 is movable in the target direction.

[0064] The inlet of the reaction device 1 and the outlet of the pretreatment device 2 are connected by a first conveying pipe 12. The heating device 3 and the first conveying pipe 12 are located on opposite sides of the reaction device 1 in the target direction.

[0065] The pretreatment device 2 is configured to stir the coal gangue that is introduced into it to obtain the reaction material, and to transport the reaction material to the reaction device 1 through the first conveying pipe 12;

[0066] The heating device 3 is configured to heat the reactants in the reaction device 1;

[0067] The reaction device 1 is configured to calcine the reaction materials at high temperature to obtain composite inorganic materials;

[0068] The overflow pipe 11 is configured to discharge the composite inorganic material from the reaction device 1.

[0069] In this invention, the reaction device 1 serves as a high-temperature processing unit, which can accommodate material accumulation and thermochemical reactions. It can be a reactor or reaction furnace made of high-temperature resistant materials to meet the requirements of continuous feeding and dynamic discharge.

[0070] In this invention, the target direction is the axial movement direction of the material within the reaction device 1, such as... Figure 1 The Y direction is shown;

[0071] In this invention, the high-temperature calcination in the reaction device 1 is a solid-phase reaction process carried out below the melting point of the reactants, which promotes the reconstruction of silicon and aluminum components to form composite inorganic materials, while simultaneously achieving the solidification of heavy metals. The composite inorganic materials include mullite, cordierite, quartz sand, etc.

[0072] In this invention, the overflow pipe 11 in the reaction device 1 is made of a high-temperature resistant material, such as silicon carbide or alumina.

[0073] like Figure 1As shown, the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 refers to the pipe located inside the reaction device 1 in the Y direction, and the second part 112 refers to the pipe located outside the reaction device 1 in the Y direction. The present invention moves the overflow pipe 11 in the target direction to adjust the discharge position in coordination with the calcination process of the reactants, so that the obtained composite inorganic material can be discharged from the reaction device 1 in a timely manner, providing space for the continuous replenishment of subsequent reactants and ensuring that the preparation process can operate continuously and stably.

[0074] like Figure 1 As shown, the diameter of the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 in the X direction may be less than or equal to the diameter of the second part 112 in the X direction;

[0075] like Figure 1 As shown, when the diameters of the first part 111 and the second part 112 are the same in the X direction, it is preferable that the first part 111 and the second part 112 are fixedly connected, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 move simultaneously to reduce the height of the first part 111 in the X direction, so that the composite inorganic materials obtained by the reaction can be discharged from the reaction device 1 through the second part 112.

[0076] When the diameter of the first part 111 in the X direction is smaller than the diameter of the second part 112 in the X direction, the first part 111 can be fixed in the second part 112 in the Y direction, or it can be slidably disposed in the second part 112. At this time, the part of the second part 112 near the first feed pipe 12 is located inside the reaction device 1, and the part away from the first feed pipe 12 is located outside the reaction device 1. That is, the opening of the second part 112 is located outside the reaction device 1, so as to facilitate the discharge of composite inorganic materials.

[0077] When the diameter of the first part 111 in the X direction is smaller than the diameter of the second part 112, the first part 111 can be slid down into the second part 112 separately to reduce the height of the first part 111 in the X direction, so that the composite inorganic material obtained by the reaction can pass through the first part 111 and finally be discharged from the reaction device 1 through the opening of the second part 112; alternatively, the first part 111 can be fixed on the second part, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 can be moved simultaneously.

[0078] like Figure 1 As shown, the length of the first part 111 in the Y direction can be greater than or equal to the length of the second part 112 in the Y direction; when the first part 111 is slidably disposed in the second part 112, it can at least be ensured that all composite inorganic materials can enter the first part 111 and be discharged.

[0079] In this invention, reference Figure 1 The system also includes a connector 4 and a baffle plate 5;

[0080] One end of the connector 4 extends into the overflow pipe 11 along the target direction and is connected to the inner wall of the overflow pipe 11; the other end of the connector 4 extends out of the overflow pipe 11 and is connected to the baffle plate 5.

[0081] The baffle plate 5 and the overflow pipe 11 are arranged opposite to each other in the target direction, and the orthographic projection of the baffle plate 5 on the plane where the opening of the overflow pipe 11 is located at least covers the opening of the overflow pipe 11.

[0082] In this invention, the connector 4 is a rigid connection structure, such as a metal connecting rod or a high-temperature resistant ceramic rod, used to establish a mechanical connection between the inside and outside of the overflow pipe 11; the material of the connector 4 is one of nickel-based alloy, alumina ceramic, silicon carbide, graphite, etc.

[0083] The connector 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11;

[0084] In this invention, the baffle plate 5 is a blocking structure set in front of the opening of the overflow pipe 11, and the material of the baffle plate 5 is one of zircon, silicon carbide, etc.

[0085] In this invention, the orthographic projection of the plane containing the opening refers to the projection of the baffle plate 5 in a direction perpendicular to the target (e.g., ...). Figure 1 The projection coverage area in the Y direction (shown) allows the reactant material entering the reaction device 1 to fall onto the side of the baffle plate 5 opposite to the overflow pipe 11, and then fall down along the overflow pipe 11 into the reaction device 1, thus achieving a blocking effect.

[0086] In practice, the overflow pipe 11 moves upward along the target direction ( Figure 1 (As shown in the Y direction), the overflow pipe 11 drives the connecting piece 4 and the baffle plate 5 to move simultaneously, shortening the distance between the side of the baffle plate 5 facing away from the overflow pipe 11 and the top wall of the reaction device 1; the reactant is fed into the reaction device 1 along the first conveying pipe 12, and along the target direction (as shown in the Y direction). Figure 1 The reaction material is piled up in the Y direction shown; part of the falling reaction material falls onto the baffle plate 5 and then moves down along the baffle plate 5 to the bottom of the reaction device 1, while the other part falls directly to the bottom of the reaction device 1; the heating device 3 continuously heats the reaction material and then performs high-temperature calcination to obtain composite inorganic material; then the overflow pipe 11 is moved down along the target direction so that the composite inorganic material enters the overflow pipe 11 through the gap between the baffle plate 5 and the overflow pipe 11, and finally is discharged from the reaction device 1.

[0087] In this invention, by installing a connector 4 and a baffle plate 5 at the overflow pipe 11, the escape of incompletely calcined material can be prevented, avoiding raw material waste. Furthermore, the movement of the overflow pipe 11 within the reaction device 1 allows the baffle plate 5 to move and adjust synchronously with the overflow pipe 11, maintaining a stable material blocking effect while also promptly discharging the composite inorganic material, preventing material accumulation. This structure is more suitable for processing coal gangue raw materials with large compositional fluctuations. By dynamically adjusting the position of the baffle plate 5, it can flexibly respond to changes in material characteristics at different calcination stages, enhancing the system's process adaptability.

[0088] In this invention, reference Figure 1 The minimum distance between the edge of the baffle plate 5 and the plane containing the opening of the overflow pipe 11 in the target direction is 5 cm-20 cm.

[0089] In this invention, the target direction is as follows: Figure 1 The Y direction is shown;

[0090] In this invention, the total height of the baffle plate 5 in the Y direction is 1.5-3 times that of the static bed, which is the reaction material that is stacked in a regular manner in the Y direction.

[0091] The opening of the overflow pipe 11 refers to the opening at the end of the first part 111 that is away from the second part 112;

[0092] The minimum distance in the target direction between the edge of the baffle plate 5 and the plane where the opening of the overflow pipe 11 is located is 5cm, 10cm, 13cm, 15cm, 18cm, and 20cm.

[0093] The present invention sets the lower limit of the minimum distance to 5 cm to ensure that the calcined material can enter the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11; the present invention sets the upper limit of the minimum distance to 20 cm to prevent the uncalcined material accumulated in the reaction device 1 from entering the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 due to excessive spacing.

[0094] In this invention, reference Figure 1 The baffle plate 5 includes a connecting area 51 connected to the connector 4, and a baffle area 52 outside the connecting area 51;

[0095] The minimum distance from the connection area 51 to the opening of the overflow pipe 11 is greater than the minimum distance from the baffle area 52 outside the connection area 51 to the opening of the overflow pipe 11.

[0096] In this invention, the connecting area 51 is the area on the baffle plate 5 that is directly fixed to the connector 4. The connecting area 51 serves as a fixed reference surface to ensure the mechanical stability of the baffle plate 5.

[0097] The minimum distance between the baffle plate 5 and the reaction device 1 in the target direction is equal to the minimum distance between the connecting area 51 and the reaction device 1 in the target direction;

[0098] The material blocking area 52 is the actual blocking surface outside the connecting area 51, and is used to interfere with the flow path of the reactants.

[0099] like Figure 2 As shown, the shape of the stop area 52 includes circular, square, and fan-shaped.

[0100] In this invention, the minimum distance from the connection area 51 to the opening refers to the vertical distance between the edge of the connection area 51 in the Y direction and the plane containing the opening of the overflow pipe 11 (the opening on the side of the first part 111 away from the second part 112).

[0101] The minimum distance from the baffle area 52 to the opening is the vertical distance between the edge of the baffle area 52 furthest from the connection area 51 and the plane containing the opening of the overflow pipe 11 (the opening on the side of the first part 111 away from the second part 112). By setting the size of the two minimum distances, a stepped blocking structure is formed on the baffle area 52.

[0102] In this invention, an expansion joint module can be provided at the connection between the connection area 51 and the connector 4 to form a flexible connection that can expand and contract axially. The expansion joint can be bolted to the connection area 51 of the flange and the baffle plate 5, allowing the baffle plate 5 to expand and contract freely axially at high temperatures, with a compensation amount of ±5mm. By providing the expansion joint, when the temperature of the reaction device 1 rises, the baffle plate 5 expands due to heat, pushing the expansion joint to compress. When cooling, the elastic element, such as a disc spring, pushes the return to its original position, preventing the connector 4 from bending and deforming.

[0103] In this invention, a graphite-wound gasket can be provided inside the expansion joint to prevent high-temperature gases from leaking into the area of ​​the connector 4.

[0104] In this invention, by setting the geometric configuration of the baffle plate 5, the material control accuracy is further improved. A baffle area 52 is placed after the connecting area 51, so that the baffle area 52 forms a guide slope. When the material that is not fully calcined hits the slope of the baffle area 52, it is bounced back to the reaction device 1 by centrifugal force to continue the reaction. When the overflow pipe 11 moves downward, the composite inorganic material is guided along the slope to the opening of the overflow pipe 11 (the opening on the side of the first part 111 away from the second part 112), so as to realize speed grading, avoid blockage, and ensure the continuous and stable operation of the system.

[0105] In this invention, reference Figure 1 Along the direction from the edge of the connecting area 51 to the baffle plate 5, the minimum distance from the baffle area 52 to the opening of the overflow pipe 11 decreases linearly.

[0106] In this invention, the direction from the connecting area 51 to the edge of the baffle plate 5 is the Z direction as shown in Figure 2;

[0107] In this invention, the minimum distance linear reduction refers to the formation of a continuously decreasing spacing gradient between the surface of the baffle area 52 and the plane where the opening of the overflow pipe 11 is located, along the direction from the connecting area 51 to the edge of the baffle plate 5. This is achieved by processing the baffle area 52 into an inclined plane or an involute surface, with an inclination angle of 15°-30°.

[0108] like Figure 2 As shown in (1), the baffle area 52 can be composed of a circular surface. At this time, the vertical distance from the baffle area 52 to the opening of the overflow pipe 11 on the side facing the overflow pipe 11 decreases linearly. The vertex of the baffle area 52 that is furthest from the opening of the overflow pipe 11 is connected to the connector 4, which is the connection area 51.

[0109] Alternatively, the material stop area 52 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in (2), the baffle area 52 can be composed of multiple fan-shaped surfaces, including arc and / or straight lines. The distance from the same height position of each fan-shaped surface in the Y direction to the opening of the overflow pipe 11 is the same. The distance from each fan-shaped surface at different height positions in the Y direction to the opening of the overflow pipe 11 decreases linearly. The vertex where multiple fan-shaped surfaces converge is the connection area 51.

[0110] like Figure 2 As shown in (3), the stop area 52 can be composed of two rectangular surfaces, where the collinearity of the two rectangular surfaces forms the connecting area 51, and the midpoint of the connecting area 51 is connected to the connector 4; the two rectangular surfaces include arc and / or straight shapes; the vertical distance from the collinearity of the two rectangular surfaces to the edge decreases linearly.

[0111] like Figure 2 As shown in (4), the stop area 52 can be composed of multiple triangular faces, such as four, six, eight, etc., and the vertex where multiple triangles converge is the connecting area 51; the height of each triangle from the vertex to the edge decreases linearly in the Y direction;

[0112] In this invention, a fish-scale-like micro-pit array or other regular geometric textures can be manufactured on the working surface of the retaining area 52 using a fiber laser or pulsed laser, thereby improving friction by utilizing surface morphology. For example, as micro-structural units, the micro-pits can reduce the direct contact area between the reactant and the surface of the retaining area 52, thereby reducing the coefficient of friction and minimizing damage to the retaining area 52. The edges of the micro-pits form support points, dispersing the scouring stress of the reactant and preventing large-area uniform wear. Furthermore, the micro-pits can disrupt the continuous contact between the reactant and the surface of the retaining area 52, reducing the adhesion of fine particles.

[0113] In this invention, the baffle plate 5 near the connection area 51 is a high-resistance area, and the distance between the baffle plate 5 and the overflow pipe 11 at this position is relatively large, mainly bearing the impact of the reactants. The baffle plate 5 in the middle part is a transition area, and the distance in this area changes linearly, guiding the reactants to fall downward into other reactants. The edge of the baffle plate 5 is a flow guiding area, and the distance between it and the opening of the overflow pipe 11 is the smallest, which is used to control the final discharge speed.

[0114] In this invention, reference Figure 1 The second part 112 of the overflow pipe 11 is connected to a storage bin 113 at the end away from the first part 111;

[0115] The storage bin 113 is internally connected to the overflow pipe 11, and the storage bin 113 is used to recover the composite inorganic materials discharged from the overflow pipe 11.

[0116] In this invention, the storage silo 113 is a sealed container that is sealed to the second part 112 of the overflow pipe 11. It is used to store and buffer the discharged composite inorganic materials, providing a transition space for subsequent packaging or transportation of the composite inorganic materials. It also solves problems such as contamination from spilled material, dust diffusion, and production capacity fluctuations caused by direct discharge, avoids secondary breakage of finished products during transportation, and ensures product integrity.

[0117] The top of the storage bin 113 and the second part 112 of the overflow pipe 11 can be fixed by means of flange connection or other means, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0118] In this invention, reference Figure 1 The system also includes a lifting device 6 and a control device 7;

[0119] The lifting device 6 is connected to the overflow pipe 11;

[0120] The control device 7 includes a timing unit 71, a comparison unit 72, and a control unit 73;

[0121] The timing unit 71 is configured to record the time of the high-temperature calcination and transmit the time value signal to the comparison unit 72.

[0122] The comparison unit 72 is configured to receive the time value signal and transmit a start signal to the control unit 73 when the time value signal is greater than the time threshold.

[0123] The control device 7 is configured to control the lifting device 6 to open in response to the start signal;

[0124] The lifting device 6 is configured to drive the overflow pipe 11 to move in the direction of the second part 112, so that the composite inorganic material enters from the opening of the overflow pipe 11 and is discharged from the reaction device 1 through the overflow pipe 11.

[0125] In this invention, the lifting device 6 is a vertical drive mechanism consisting of a linear motor, a hydraulic cylinder, or a ball screw; the lifting device 6 can be rigidly connected to the overflow pipe 11 through a flange bracket, and the guide rail adopts a graphite self-lubricating bearing to reduce the friction coefficient and ensure smooth operation; in specific implementation, the control unit 73 sends a start signal, the linear motor drives the screw to rotate, the flange bracket transmits the thrust to the overflow pipe 11, and the whole is lifted / lowered along the guide rail.

[0126] The timing unit 71 is a high-precision PLC timing module used to record the duration of the coal gangue calcination process and provide a time reference for triggering automatic material discharge;

[0127] The timing unit 71 is configured to start timing when a calcination start signal is received. In this invention, the calcination start signal means that the temperature of the reaction device 1 reaches at least 1200 °C. At this time, the timing unit 71 starts timing and uploads the time value in real time.

[0128] In this invention, a temperature sensor can be installed in the reaction device 1 to transmit the internal temperature of the reaction device 1 to the timing unit 71 for triggering the timing unit 71;

[0129] In this invention, the time value signal is the calcination time recorded by the timing unit 71.

[0130] Comparison unit 72 is a programmable logic comparator used to compare time value data with a preset time threshold in real time to determine whether to trigger the material discharge action; the preset time threshold is 1 min-5 min.

[0131] In this invention, the control unit 73 is an industrial controller with PID regulation function, which outputs a 4 mA-20 mA control signal; the execution output component of the control unit 73 is a 24VDC relay.

[0132] The start signal is output through the dry contact of the 24VDC relay. The relay contact is not bound to any power supply and is only used as a switching circuit. When the comparison unit 72 determines that the time exceeds the threshold, the control unit 73 outputs 24VDC to the relay coil, and its normally open contact (normally open) closes, connecting the start terminal of the lifting device 6 to the external drive power supply, triggering the action, and the lifting device 6 starts.

[0133] In practice, the control methods mainly include:

[0134] S1. Data Acquisition: Comparison unit 72 reads the current time value from timing unit 71;

[0135] S2, Threshold comparison: Comparison unit 72 compares the current time value with a preset time threshold;

[0136] S3. Output decision: If the time value is greater than or equal to the time threshold, the comparison unit 72 outputs a start signal, and the control unit 73 responds to the start signal by closing the 24VDC relay, connecting the power circuit, and starting the lifting device 6; if the time value is less than the time threshold, the relay is kept de-energized.

[0137] In this invention, when the second part 112 of the overflow pipe 11 is connected to the storage bin 113, the lifting device 6 can be connected to the storage bin 113, and the storage bin 113 drives the overflow pipe 11 to move.

[0138] In practical implementation, this invention mainly includes a calcination stage and a discharge stage. During the calcination stage, the lifting device 6... Figure 2 In the Y direction shown, the upward movement causes the overflow pipe 11 to move upward, shortening the distance between the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 and the first conveying pipe 12, thus preventing the reactants from entering the overflow pipe 11. The heating device 3 heats the reactants, and when the temperature reaches above 1200 ℃, high-temperature calcination begins. At this time, the timing unit 71 is triggered to start recording the calcination time and transmits a time value signal to the comparison unit 72. The comparison unit 72 determines whether the time value is greater than the time threshold. If it is not greater, the status quo is maintained; if it is greater, a start signal is transmitted to the control unit 73. The control unit 73 responds to the start signal and controls the lifting device 6 to start. The lifting device 6 moves as shown in the figure. Figure 2 The material descends at a speed of 5 mm / s-10 mm / s in the Y direction, causing the overflow pipe 11 to move downwards, so that the composite inorganic material obtained in the reaction device 1 enters the overflow pipe 11 and is discharged from the reaction device 1 through the second part 112 of the overflow pipe 11.

[0139] like Figure 1 As shown, when the first part 111 and the second part 112 of the overflow pipe 11 are fixedly connected, the connecting end of the lifting device 6 is connected to the end of the second part 112 located outside the reaction device 1 to control the first part 111 and the second part 112 to move in the Y direction.

[0140] When the diameter of the first part 111 in the X direction is smaller than the diameter of the second part 112, and the first part 111 slides in the second part 112 in the Y direction, the connecting end of the lifting device 6 can be connected to the lower end of the first part 111 in the Y direction. The lifting device 6 is used to control the movement of the first part 111, so that the composite inorganic material is discharged into the first part 111, then discharged into the second part 112 through the first part 111, and finally discharged from the reaction device 1 through the opening of the second part 112.

[0141] In this invention, precise timing control of the calcination process is achieved by setting up a lifting device 6 and a control device 7. On the one hand, this ensures that the reactants receive sufficient and uniform calcination time; on the other hand, dynamic discharge can promptly discharge the reaction products, avoiding material accumulation that could affect the continuity of the reaction. Furthermore, automatic discharge can reduce manual operation and lower the production difficulty.

[0142] In this invention, reference Figure 1 The pretreatment device 2 includes a feeding device 21;

[0143] The feeding device 21 includes:

[0144] Feed pipe 211, and a screw conveyor 212 is installed inside the feed pipe 211;

[0145] The outlet of the feed pipe 211 is connected to the first conveying pipe 12. The feed end of the screw conveyor 212 is adjacent to the inlet of the feed pipe 211, and the discharge end is adjacent to the first conveying pipe 12.

[0146] The feeding device 21 is configured to stir the coal gangue to obtain the reaction material, and then transport the reaction material to the reaction device 1 through the first conveying pipe 12;

[0147] The feeding device 21 is configured to stir the coal gangue to obtain the reaction material, and then transport the reaction material to the reaction device 1 through the first conveying pipe 12.

[0148] In this invention, the coal gangue entering the feeding device 21 can be pre-crushed and screened;

[0149] The feeding device 21 is used to homogenize and mix the coal gangue. The feeding device 21 has a feed inlet at the end away from the first conveying pipe 12.

[0150] The feed pipe 211 is used to install the screw conveyor 212 and to hold coal gangue;

[0151] In this invention, the height of one end of the feed pipe 211 near the first conveying pipe 12 in the Y direction can be set to be lower than the height of the other end, and in such a way... Figure 1The included angle in the X direction shown is ≤15° to prevent material backflow.

[0152] In practice, coal gangue is fed into the feeding device 21, stirred to homogeneity by the screw conveyor 212 to obtain the reaction material, and then conveyed to the reaction device 1 through the first conveying pipe 12 for high-temperature calcination. In this invention, stirring solves the problem of calcination quality fluctuation caused by uneven composition and particle size dispersion of coal gangue raw materials.

[0153] In this invention, reference Figure 1 The feeding device 21 further includes a first feeding port 213 and a second feeding port 214 disposed at different positions on the feeding pipe 211. The first feeding port 213 is configured to add alumina to the coal gangue in the feeding pipe 211; the second feeding port 214 is configured to add silicon dioxide to the coal gangue in the feeding pipe 211.

[0154] In this invention, the first feeding port 213 can be located at 1 / 3 of the length of the feed pipe 211 from the feed end; the second feeding port 214 can be located at 2 / 3 of the length of the feed pipe 211 from the feed end.

[0155] The alumina has a purity of ≥98% and a particle size of 400-600 mesh to enhance the refractoriness of the calcined product; the addition ratio can be 5%-15%.

[0156] The purity of silicon dioxide is ≥99%, and the particle size is 200-300 mesh. It is used to adjust the melting temperature. The addition ratio can be 3%-10% to control the amount of product phase formation.

[0157] In practice, after the coal gangue enters the feed pipe 211, alumina and silicon dioxide can be added through the first feed port 213 and the second feed port 214 respectively. After being stirred by the screw conveyor 212, the added alumina and / or silicon dioxide are fully mixed with the coal gangue to obtain homogeneous reaction material.

[0158] In this invention, by setting dual feeding ports on the feed pipe 211, alumina and silicon oxide are added in stages, and the aluminum-silicon ratio of coal gangue is precisely controlled between 0.4 and 0.6 (0.2-0.3 for raw coal gangue). This enables dynamic adjustment of the composition of coal gangue. Since the ratio of alumina and silicon oxide in coal gangue from different origins is different, this ratio can be effectively adjusted through these two feeding ports to obtain the desired composite inorganic material.

[0159] In this invention, reference Figure 1 The first feeding port 213 is located on the side of the second feeding port 214 away from the first feeding pipe 12.

[0160] In this invention, alumina is preferentially added based on the position of the first feeding port 213 to ensure that it is initially mixed with coal gangue;

[0161] The second feed port 214 is used for subsequent addition of silicon oxide to form a gradient mix.

[0162] In this invention, alumina needs to be added earlier and its stirring time is longer than that of silicon oxide to ensure full dispersion. Silicon oxide can be mixed later. This order can further improve the uniformity of mixing and improve the spatial distribution of components.

[0163] In this invention, reference Figure 1 The heating device 3 includes a fan 31, a preheater 32, and a heater 33;

[0164] The air outlet of the fan 31 is connected to the air inlet of the preheater 32 via a first air supply pipe 311.

[0165] The outlet of the preheater 32 is connected to the reaction device 1 through the second gas supply pipe 321, and the connection position is on the opposite side of the first material supply pipe 12.

[0166] The heater 33 is sleeved on the outer wall of the reaction device 1, and the sleeved position is on the side close to the second gas supply pipe 321;

[0167] The fan 31 is configured to blow the heat storage gas through the first gas delivery pipe 311 to the preheater 32;

[0168] The preheater 32 is configured to heat the stored gas to 500 ℃-600 ℃ and to deliver the heated stored gas to the reaction device 1 through the second gas delivery pipe 321;

[0169] The heater 33 is configured to further heat the heated stored gas to a temperature greater than 1000 ℃. The stored gas at a temperature greater than 1000 ℃ provides a high-temperature environment for the reactants, and the composite inorganic material is obtained after calcination.

[0170] In this invention, the fan 31 includes a high-pressure centrifugal fan and the like, used to transport the heat storage gas to the preheater 32;

[0171] By transporting the stored heat gas to the reaction device 1 through the fan 31, the device is transformed into a fluidized reactor, which can achieve better heat transfer, make the particles more uniformly heated, and make the reaction more complete. This enables large-scale, uninterrupted heating and greatly improves the preparation efficiency.

[0172] The preheater 32 includes shell-and-tube heat exchangers, etc. The heating method of the preheater 32 includes electric heating or indirect gas heating; the temperature rise range is from room temperature to 500 ℃-600 ℃.

[0173] like Figure 1 As shown, the heater 33 includes an upper air distribution plate 331, a plurality of first air inlets 332, an induction coil 333, a lower air distribution plate 335, and a plurality of second air inlets 336;

[0174] The upper air distribution plate 331 is fixed to the inner wall of the reaction device 1 near the second part 112. The lower air distribution plate 335 is disposed below the upper air distribution plate 331 in the Y direction and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reaction device 1. The second part 112 of the overflow pipe 11 passes through the upper air distribution plate 331 and the lower air distribution plate 335 in the Y direction and is sealed to the upper air distribution plate 331 and the lower air distribution plate 335 respectively.

[0175] Multiple first air inlets 332 are evenly distributed on the upper air distribution plate 331 in the area close to the second part 112, and multiple second air inlets 336 are distributed on the lower air distribution plate 335 in the area away from the second part 112, and the multiple first air inlets 332 and the multiple second air inlets 336 are not connected in the Y direction.

[0176] This invention, by setting up an upper air distribution plate 331 and a lower air distribution plate 335, and staggering the first air inlet 332 and the second air inlet 336 of the upper air distribution plate 331 and the lower air distribution plate 335, can limit the path of the heat storage gas with a temperature greater than 1000 ℃ entering the area above the upper air distribution plate 331. This allows the heat storage gas with a temperature greater than 1000 ℃ to blow the reactant along the limited path. Since the reaction material can complete the conversion of the composite inorganic material within the time it takes for the reactant to be blown from the bottom of the reaction device 1 to the opening of the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11, the composite inorganic material can be accurately discharged into the overflow pipe 11 by limiting the blowing path.

[0177] In this invention, the induction coil 333 is a hollow copper tube, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the induction coil 333 surrounds the outer wall of the reaction device 1. The area formed by the upper air distribution plate 331 and the lower air distribution plate 335 in the Y direction in the reaction device 1 is filled with heating particles. The induction coil 333 is used to heat the heating particles in a non-contact manner to improve heating efficiency and process efficiency. At this time, the end of the second gas pipe 321 away from the preheater 32 is connected to the side of the lower air distribution plate 335 in the Y direction away from the upper air distribution plate 331 in the reaction device 1 to blow the heat storage gas into the reaction device 1. Then, it flows upward through the second gas outlet 336 on the lower air distribution plate 335 and contacts the heating particles for heat exchange, so that the heat storage gas is heated to above 1200 ℃, and can be further heated to 1600 ℃.

[0178] The heating rate of induction coil 333 is 10 ℃ / min-20 ℃ / min;

[0179] Stainless steel particles can be selected for heating elements at low temperatures, while tungsten metal particles can be selected for heating elements at high temperatures.

[0180] In this invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a protective sleeve 334 can be wrapped around the induction coil 333 to reduce heat loss;

[0181] The protective case 334 can be made of materials such as quartz.

[0182] In this invention, the preheater 32 and the heater 33 are located on opposite sides of the first feed pipe 12, forming a countercurrent heating layout with the reactants to ensure uniformity of the temperature field.

[0183] The heat storage gas is air or an inert gas;

[0184] Both the preheater 32 and the heater 33 can be connected to intermittent green energy sources, such as photovoltaic and wind power, to reduce fuel combustion, reduce environmental pollution caused by coal gangue in the preparation of composite inorganic materials, and facilitate flexible green energy utilization. They also help to achieve efficient heat transfer.

[0185] In practice, the blower 31 is started, and the blower 31 blows the stored heat gas through the first gas supply pipe 311 to the preheater 32 for preheating to 500 ℃-600 ℃. Then, it is transported to the reaction device 1 through the second gas supply pipe 321. The preheated stored heat gas passes through the heater 33 on the reaction device 1 and continues to be heated to above 1200 ℃. Then, it moves upward in the Y direction, forming a countercurrent with the reactants and blowing the reactants up. During this process, the reactants absorb heat and undergo calcination treatment until the reactants reach the baffle plate 5 position, and the calcination is completed, obtaining a composite inorganic material. At the same time, the obtained composite inorganic material can be guided by the inclined surface of the baffle area 52 into the overflow pipe 11, and finally discharged through the second part 112 of the overflow pipe 11. The temperature of the stored heat gas is maintained at 1200 ℃ until all the reactants are completely consumed.

[0186] In this invention, by setting up a fan 31, a preheater 32, and a heater 33, the energy utilization and precise temperature control of coal gangue calcination are achieved. Specifically, heating the reactants with stored heat gas results in faster heat transfer and shorter calcination time compared to direct heating using the heater 33, thus improving production efficiency. Furthermore, using stored heat gas to heat the reactants avoids the use of fuel combustion for heating, thereby reducing energy consumption and lowering carbon dioxide and other gaseous pollution. The stored heat gas, after releasing heat in the reaction device 1, can be recycled and reused after dust removal and other treatments, further reducing production costs. The heating device 3, through forced convection conveying by the fan, preheating by the preheater 32, and efficient heating by the heater 33, forms a complete thermal energy circulation system, enabling the system to achieve large-scale continuous production. The system's thermal energy utilization efficiency and temperature control accuracy meet the requirements of industrial continuous production, enabling the large-scale preparation of coal gangue through calcination.

[0187] In this invention, the system also includes a cyclone separator 8, and the reaction device 1 is provided with an outlet for discharging the heat storage gas after heat exchange with the reaction material.

[0188] The cyclone separator 8 is connected to the outlet of the reaction device 1 via a pipeline. It is used to separate the heat-exchanged stored gas discharged from the reaction device 1, separating the small amount of particulate matter carried by the gas, and obtaining pure stored gas and a small amount of particles. The pure stored gas can be returned to the blower 31 for recycling, and the small amount of particles can also be returned to the feeding equipment 21 for recycling. This not only realizes resource recovery and reduces waste, but also avoids environmental pollution caused by the direct emission of stored gas containing particulate impurities.

[0189] In specific implementation, refer to Figure 1 This application provides a system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue. The coal gangue is transported to a pretreatment device 2, stirred, and then reacted to obtain reactant material. The reactant material is then transported to a reaction device 1 via a first conveying pipe 12. After entering the reaction device 1, the reactant material moves along a target direction (e.g., ...). Figure 2 The material is piled up in the Y direction shown, so that the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 is entirely located in the reaction device 1, preventing the reactants from entering the overflow pipe 11. At the same time, the heating device 3 is activated to heat the reactants until the temperature required for high-temperature calcination is reached. The coal gangue is then calcined at high temperature to obtain the composite inorganic material. After high-temperature calcination, the overflow pipe 11 is moved in the target direction toward the second part 112, allowing the composite inorganic material to enter the overflow pipe 11 and finally be discharged from the reaction device 1.

[0190] In this invention, the system realizes the efficient utilization of coal gangue, a traditional waste, and transforms it into high-value-added high-temperature composite inorganic materials. This not only solves the problem of coal gangue disposal, but also expands the source of raw materials for inorganic materials, which is in line with the concept of resource recycling and sustainable development.

[0191] To enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the present invention, the following embodiments will be used to provide a detailed description of a system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to the present invention.

[0192] Example 1

[0193] refer to Figure 1 The system shown is for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue.

[0194] (1) The coal gangue is transported to the feed pipe 211. The screw conveyor 212 in the feed pipe 211 stirs the coal gangue. At the same time, alumina can be added to the coal gangue through the first feed port 213, and / or silicon dioxide can be added to the coal gangue through the second feed port 214. The alumina and silicon dioxide are uniformly mixed with the coal gangue by the screw stirring to obtain the reaction material. The reaction material is transported to the reaction device 1 along the first feed pipe 12. The reaction material is accumulated from the bottom of the reaction device 1 along the target direction. At this time, the minimum distance between the baffle plate 5 and the reaction device 1 is set to 10 cm. Some of the reaction material will fall to the baffle area 52 of the baffle plate 5 and then slide down along the baffle area 52 into the accumulated reaction material.

[0195] (2) Start the blower 31. The blower 31 blows the stored heat gas along the first gas transmission pipe 311 to the preheater 32. The preheater 32 heats the stored heat gas to above 500 ℃. Then the heated stored heat gas is transported to the reaction device 1 along the second gas transmission pipe 321. When the heated stored heat gas passes through the heater 33, it is further heated to above 1200 ℃. Then it is in reverse contact with the reactants to transfer heat, so that the reactants reach the temperature of high-temperature calcination. After calcination, composite inorganic materials are obtained.

[0196] (3) The calcination process can last from 1 s to 8 s. During the calcination process, the reaction material can be continuously conveyed to the reaction device through the first conveying pipe 12 to ensure continuous production.

[0197] (4) When the reactants are blown by the heat storage gas to the side of the baffle zone 52 facing the connector 4, the calcination is completed. The obtained composite inorganic material can directly enter the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 and then be discharged through the second part 112. The composite inorganic material remaining in the reaction device 1 will be moved towards the direction of the second part 112 after all the reactants are consumed, increasing the distance between the baffle plate 5 and the top wall of the reaction device 1, so that the remaining composite inorganic material is guided into the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 through the baffle zone 52, and finally discharged from the reaction device 1 through the second part 112 of the overflow pipe 11, thus completing the production.

[0198] Example 2

[0199] refer to Figure 1 The system shown is for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue.

[0200] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the system further includes a lifting device 6 and a control device 7, as detailed below:

[0201] (1) The coal gangue is transported to the feed pipe 211. The screw conveyor 212 in the feed pipe 211 stirs the coal gangue. At the same time, alumina can be added to the coal gangue through the first feed port 213 and / or silicon dioxide can be added to the coal gangue through the second feed port 214. The alumina and silicon dioxide are uniformly mixed with the coal gangue by the screw stirring to obtain the reaction material. It is transported to the reaction device 1 along the first feed pipe 12. The reaction material is accumulated from the bottom of the reaction device 1 along the target direction. At this time, the minimum distance between the baffle plate 5 and the reaction device 1 is set to 10 cm. Some of the reaction material will fall to the baffle area 52 of the baffle plate 5 and then slide down along the baffle area 52 into the accumulated reaction material.

[0202] (2) Start the blower 31. The blower 31 blows the stored heat gas along the first gas transmission pipe 311 to the preheater 32. The preheater 32 heats the stored heat gas to above 500 ℃. Then the heated stored heat gas is transported to the reaction device 1 along the second gas transmission pipe 321. When the heated stored heat gas passes through the heater 33, it is further heated to above 1200 ℃. Then it is in reverse contact with the reactants to transfer heat, so that the reactants reach the temperature of high-temperature calcination. After calcination, composite inorganic materials are obtained.

[0203] (3) The calcination process can last from 1 s to 8 s. During the calcination process, the reaction material can be continuously conveyed to the reaction device through the first conveying pipe 12 to ensure continuous production.

[0204] (4) When the temperature inside the reaction device 1 reaches above 1200 ℃, the timing unit 71 is activated, starts recording the high-temperature calcination time, and transmits the time value signal to the comparison unit 72; the comparison unit 72 starts comparing the time value with the time threshold (5 min). When it is less than the time threshold (5 min), the lifting device 6 is kept closed, so that the distance between the baffle plate 5 and the reaction device 1 is kept at 10 cm. At this time, when some of the reactants are blown by the heat storage gas to the side of the baffle area 52 facing the connector 4, the calcination is completed. The obtained composite inorganic material can directly enter the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 and then be discharged through the second part 112; when it is greater than or equal to the time threshold (5 min), the time value is lower than the time threshold (5 min). When the time is min), the comparison unit 72 transmits a start signal to the control unit 73. In response to the start signal, the control device 7 controls the lifting device 6 to open. The lifting device 6 controls the overflow pipe 11 to move in the direction of the second part 112, increasing the distance between the baffle plate 5 and the top wall of the reaction device 1, so that the distance between the opening of the first part 111 on the overflow pipe 11 and the heater 33 is reduced, so that the remaining composite inorganic material in the reaction device 1 can be continuously introduced into the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 through the baffle area 52, and finally discharged from the reaction device 1 through the second part 112 to complete the production.

[0205] (5) After all the composite inorganic materials in the reaction device 1 are discharged, the lifting device 6 drives the overflow pipe 11 to move upward along the target direction, so that the distance between the baffle plate 5 and the reaction device 1 is restored to 10 cm. Then the lifting device 6 is turned off, and the production process of steps (1)-(4) continues, and so on to form continuous production.

[0206] Implementation 3

[0207] The difference between Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 2 is that the heater in Embodiment 3 includes an upper air distribution plate 331, multiple first air inlets 332, an induction coil 333, a lower air distribution plate 335, and multiple second air inlets 336, as detailed below:

[0208] (1) The coal gangue is transported to the feed pipe 211. The screw conveyor 212 in the feed pipe 211 stirs the coal gangue. At the same time, alumina can be added to the coal gangue through the first feed port 213 and / or silicon dioxide can be added to the coal gangue through the second feed port 214. The alumina and silicon dioxide are uniformly mixed with the coal gangue by the screw stirring to obtain the reaction material. It is transported to the reaction device 1 along the first feed pipe 12. The reaction material is accumulated from the bottom of the reaction device 1 along the target direction. At this time, the minimum distance between the baffle plate 5 and the reaction device 1 is set to 10 cm. Some of the reaction material will fall to the baffle area 52 of the baffle plate 5 and then slide down along the baffle area 52 into the accumulated reaction material.

[0209] (2) Start the fan 31. The fan 31 blows the stored heat gas along the first gas pipe 311 to the preheater 32. The preheater 32 heats the stored heat gas to above 500 ℃. Then, the heated stored heat gas is transported to the reaction device 1 along the second gas pipe 321. The stored heat gas flows upward along the second gas outlet 336 on the lower air distribution plate 335 and blows the heating particles, so that the heating particles are in a fluidized state. Start the induction coil 333 to heat the heating particles in the fluidized state. The stored heat gas comes into contact with the heated heating particles for heat exchange and is further heated to above 1200 ℃. Then, it flows upward through the first gas outlet 332 on the upper air distribution plate 331 and blows the reaction material, so that the reaction material is in a fluidized state. At the same time, the stored heat gas and the reaction material are in reverse contact for heat transfer, so that the reaction material reaches the temperature of high-temperature calcination. After calcination treatment, composite inorganic material is obtained.

[0210] (3) The calcination process can last from 1 s to 8 s. During the calcination process, the reaction material can be continuously conveyed to the reaction device through the first conveying pipe 12 to ensure continuous production.

[0211] (4) When the temperature inside the reaction device 1 reaches above 1200 ℃, the timing unit 71 is activated, starts recording the high-temperature calcination time, and transmits the time value signal to the comparison unit 72; the comparison unit 72 starts comparing the time value with the time threshold (5 min). When it is less than the time threshold (5 min), the lifting device 6 is kept closed, so that the distance between the baffle plate 5 and the reaction device 1 is kept at 10 cm. At this time, when some of the reactants are blown by the heat storage gas to the side of the baffle area 52 facing the connector 4, the calcination is completed, and the obtained composite inorganic material can directly enter the overflow pipe 11 and be discharged through the second part 112; when it is greater than or equal to the time threshold (5 min), the time value is lower than the time threshold (5 min). When the time is min), the comparison unit 72 transmits a start signal to the control unit 73. In response to the start signal, the control device 7 controls the lifting device 6 to open. The lifting device 6 controls the overflow pipe 11 to move in the direction of the second part 112, increasing the distance between the baffle plate 5 and the top wall of the reaction device 1, so that the distance between the opening of the first part 111 on the overflow pipe 11 and the heater 33 is reduced, so that the remaining composite inorganic material in the reaction device 1 can be continuously introduced into the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 through the baffle area 52, and finally discharged from the reaction device 1 through the second part 112 to complete the production.

[0212] (5) After all the composite inorganic materials in the reaction device 1 are discharged, the lifting device 6 drives the overflow pipe 11 to move upward along the target direction, so that the distance between the baffle plate 5 and the reaction device 1 is restored to 10 cm. Then the lifting device 6 is turned off, and the production process of steps (1)-(4) continues, and so on to form continuous production.

[0213] In summary, the system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue provided by this invention further improves the preparation efficiency and product quality of high-temperature composite inorganic materials through structural design, precise control of process parameters, rational design of process steps, and optimized combination of various process equipment in various stages such as pretreatment, high-temperature calcination, and subsequent treatment. This ensures that the prepared composite inorganic materials can meet the stringent performance requirements of different industrial fields.

[0214] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0215] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0216] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes said element.

[0217] The above provides a detailed description of the system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue provided by the present invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue, characterized in that, The system includes: The apparatus includes a reaction device (1), a pretreatment device (2), and a heating device (3). The reaction device (1) contains reactants that are piled up along a target direction. The target direction is the axial movement direction of the reactants within the reaction device (1). The reaction device (1) is provided with an overflow pipe (11), the first part (111) of the overflow pipe (11) is located inside the reaction device (1) and the second part (112) is located outside the reaction device (1), wherein the overflow pipe (11) is movable in the target direction; and the first part (111) is located near the inlet of the reaction device (1) and the second part (112) is located near the outlet of the reaction device (1); The inlet of the reaction device (1) is connected to the outlet of the pretreatment device (2) via a first feed pipe (12). The heating device (3) and the first feed pipe (12) are located on opposite sides of the reaction device (1) in the target direction, and the heating device (3) is located close to the outlet of the reaction device (1). The pretreatment device (2) is configured to stir the coal gangue that enters it to obtain the reaction material, and to transport the reaction material to the reaction device (1) through the first conveying pipe (12); The heating device (3) is configured to heat the reactants in the reaction device (1); The reaction apparatus (1) is configured to calcine the reaction materials at high temperature to obtain composite inorganic materials; The overflow pipe (11) is configured to discharge the composite inorganic material from the reaction device (1).

2. The system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes a connector (4) and a baffle plate (5); One end of the connector (4) extends into the overflow pipe (11) along the target direction and is connected to the inner wall of the overflow pipe (11), while the other end of the connector (4) extends out of the overflow pipe (11) and is connected to the baffle plate (5). The baffle plate (5) and the overflow pipe (11) are arranged opposite to each other in the target direction, and the orthographic projection of the baffle plate (5) on the plane where the opening of the overflow pipe (11) is located at least covers the opening of the overflow pipe (11).

3. The system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to claim 2, characterized in that, The baffle plate (5) includes a connection area (51) connected to the connector (4) and a baffle area (52) outside the connection area (51); The minimum distance from the connecting area (51) to the opening of the overflow pipe (11) is greater than the minimum distance from the baffle area (52) outside the connecting area (51) to the opening of the overflow pipe (11).

4. The system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to claim 3, characterized in that, Along the direction from the edge of the connecting area (51) to the baffle plate (5), the minimum distance from the baffle area (52) to the opening of the overflow pipe (11) decreases linearly.

5. The system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to claim 3, characterized in that, The minimum distance between the edge of the baffle plate (5) and the plane where the opening of the overflow pipe (11) is located in the target direction is 5 cm-20 cm.

6. The system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes a lifting device (6) and a control device (7); The lifting device (6) is connected to the overflow pipe (11); The control device (7) includes a timing unit (71), a comparison unit (72), and a control unit (73); The timing unit (71) is configured to record the time of the high-temperature calcination and transmit the time value signal to the comparison unit (72); The comparison unit (72) is configured to receive the time value signal and transmit a start signal to the control unit (73) when the time value signal is greater than a time threshold; the time threshold is 1 min to 5 min. The control device (7) is configured to control the lifting device (6) to open in response to the start signal; The lifting device (6) is configured to drive the overflow pipe (11) to move in the direction of the second part (112), so that the composite inorganic material enters from the opening of the overflow pipe (11) and is discharged from the reaction device (1) through the overflow pipe (11).

7. The system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment device (2) includes a feeding device (21); The feeding device (21) includes: Feed pipe (211), and a screw conveyor (212) is provided inside the feed pipe (211); The outlet of the feed pipe (211) is connected to the first conveying pipe (12), and the feed end of the screw conveyor (212) is adjacent to the inlet of the feed pipe (211), and the discharge end is adjacent to the first conveying pipe (12). The feeding device (21) is configured to stir the coal gangue to obtain the reaction material, and to transport the reaction material to the reaction device (1) through the first conveying pipe (12).

8. The system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to claim 7, characterized in that, The feeding device (21) further includes a first feeding port (213) and a second feeding port (214) disposed at different positions on the feeding pipe (211). The first feeding port (213) is configured to add alumina to the coal gangue in the feeding pipe (211); the second feeding port (214) is configured to add silicon dioxide to the coal gangue in the feeding pipe (211).

9. The system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first feed port (213) is located on the side of the second feed port (214) away from the first feed pipe (12).

10. The system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating device (3) includes a fan (31), a preheater (32), and a heater (33); The air outlet of the fan (31) is connected to the air inlet of the preheater (32) via a first air supply pipe (311); The outlet of the preheater (32) is connected to the reaction device (1) through the second gas supply pipe (321), and the connection position is on the opposite side of the first material supply pipe (12); The heater (33) is sleeved on the outer wall of the reaction device (1), and the sleeved position is on the side close to the second gas supply pipe (321); The fan (31) is configured to blow the heat storage gas through the first gas delivery pipe (311) into the preheater (32); The preheater (32) is configured to heat the stored gas to 500 ℃-600 ℃ and to deliver the heated stored gas to the reaction device (1) through the second gas delivery pipe (321); The heater (33) is configured to further heat the heated storage gas to a temperature greater than 1000 °C. The storage gas at a temperature greater than 1000 °C provides a high-temperature environment for the reactants, and the composite inorganic material is obtained after calcination.

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