Cutting head protection mechanism for optical fiber laser cutting machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutting head protection mechanism for an optical fiber laser cutting machine, and belongs to the technical field of laser cutting devices.The cutting head protection mechanism comprises a protection shell arranged outside a nozzle, a cooling cavity is formed between the protection shell and the nozzle, and the cooling cavity is connected into a water cooling system of a cutting head through a water inlet hole and a water outlet hole to form a circulation loop; according to the cutting head protection mechanism for the optical fiber laser cutting machine, the protection shell is installed outside the nozzle, so that the cooling cavity is formed between the protection shell and the nozzle, and the cooling cavity is connected into a water cooling system through the water inlet hole and the water outlet hole formed in the protection shell; the cooling liquid of the water cooling system can continuously circulate through the water inlet hole, the cooling cavity and the water outlet hole, the nozzle is prevented from being overheated through the circulation of the cooling liquid and the blowing-out of the auxiliary gas, and the service life of the nozzle is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting devices, and in particular discloses a cutting head protection mechanism for an optical fiber laser cutting machine. Background Art

[0002] Fiber laser cutting machines use optical fiber as a transmission medium to transmit the laser beam to the cutting head. Compared with ordinary laser cutting machines, they have a simpler structure, faster cutting speed and smaller cutting gap. Fiber laser cutting machines are composed of a laser generator, an optical fiber transmission system and a cutting head, and the cutting head includes a collimation component, a tracking sensor, a focusing lens and a nozzle. During the use of the cutting head, in order to prevent the lenses installed in the shell from overheating and being damaged, a water cooling system is usually equipped to cool the various components of the cutting head.

[0003] For example, the patent with announcement number CN117182352B, with announcement date of 2024-02-20, discloses a laser cutting head, including an optical fiber connector, a first protective component, an optical module, a second protective component and a nozzle blowing component connected in sequence, wherein the nozzle blowing component includes a first sleeve, a first shell and a nozzle, the first sleeve is provided with a first light-transmitting blowing channel, the first shell is sleeved on the first sleeve, and a first heat dissipation channel is formed between the first shell and the first sleeve, the first shell is provided with a cooling air channel, a first inlet, a first outlet and a first air outlet, the first inlet and the first outlet are connected to the first heat dissipation channel, and the first air outlet is connected to the cooling air channel; the nozzle is connected to the first shell, the first light-transmitting blowing channel is connected to the nozzle, and the first air outlet is located on the side of the first shell close to the nozzle, which overcomes the problem that the existing cutting head only designs a heat dissipation structure on the shell of the optical module and cannot meet the heat dissipation requirements. It has the advantages of good heat dissipation effect and good cutting performance, and is suitable for high-power lasers.

[0004] The shortcoming of existing laser cutting heads, including the above-mentioned patent, is that the water cooling of existing cutting heads can only cool the collimating assembly and focusing lens. During the cutting process, the distance between the nozzle and the workpiece is the shortest, so the temperature at the nozzle position is the highest relative to the collimating assembly and focusing lens. The nozzle only relies on the ejection of cutting gas to take away part of the heat, which makes the nozzle easily damaged by high temperature. Once the nozzle is overheated and deformed, the cutting quality will be reduced. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine to prevent the nozzle of the laser head from being damaged due to overheating.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine includes a protective shell arranged outside a nozzle, a cooling chamber is provided between the protective shell and the nozzle, and the cooling chamber is connected to the water cooling system of the cutting head through a water inlet and a water outlet to form a circulation loop.

[0007] With the above-mentioned cutting head protection mechanism, the cooling chamber can be compressed.

[0008] In the above-mentioned cutting head protection mechanism, the inner wall of the protective shell is adapted to the outer wall of the nozzle, and the protective shell has a first state in which the inner wall is separated from the outer wall of the nozzle and a second state in which the inner wall and the outer wall of the nozzle are in contact with each other.

[0009] The cutting head protection mechanism has a connecting seat installed on the nozzle, the upper part of the protective shell is dynamically sealed with the connecting seat, and the lower part of the protective shell is dynamically sealed with the lower part of the nozzle.

[0010] The above-mentioned cutting head protection mechanism, the protective shell includes a connecting ring, a protective cover and a connecting tube. The inner wall of the protective cover is adapted to the shape of the outer wall of the nozzle. The connecting ring is dynamically sealed to the inner wall of the connecting seat, and the connecting ring is fixedly connected to the upper part of the protective cover. The lower end of the connecting tube is fixed to the lower inner wall of the protective cover, and the side wall of the connecting tube is dynamically sealed to the lower part of the nozzle.

[0011] The cutting head protection mechanism is provided with a one-way valve at both the water inlet and the water outlet.

[0012] The above-mentioned cutting head protection mechanism has a connecting seat that is rotatably connected to the nozzle, a protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the protective shell, and a limiting groove that cooperates with the protrusion is opened on the outer wall of the nozzle. When the protective shell is in the second state, the protrusion and the limiting groove cooperate with each other.

[0013] The above-mentioned cutting head protection mechanism has a limiting member provided on the protective shell, which limits the movement of the protective shell in the vertical direction.

[0014] The above-mentioned cutting head protection mechanism, the limiting component includes a first limiting column fixedly connected to the protective shell, a guide hole matching the limiting column is opened on the connecting seat, and the upper end of the first limiting column extends into the guide hole.

[0015] The above-mentioned cutting head protection mechanism has a long strip-shaped protrusion, and the protrusion is arranged along the busbar direction of the protective cover. The upper end of the protrusion is fixedly connected to the connecting ring. A drainage hole is opened in the protrusion along its own length direction, and the upper end of the drainage hole is connected to the water inlet hole.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the cutting head protection mechanism for the fiber laser cutting machine provided by the present invention forms a cooling chamber between the protective shell and the nozzle by installing a protective shell on the outside of the nozzle, and connects the cooling chamber to the water cooling system through the water inlet and water outlet holes opened on the protective shell, so that the coolant of the water cooling system can continuously circulate through the water inlet, cooling chamber and water outlet holes. The circulation of the coolant and the blowing of the auxiliary gas can prevent the nozzle from overheating, thereby improving the service life of the nozzle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments described in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the installation state of the protective housing provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of a nozzle and a protective shell provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the connection between the nozzle and the protective shell provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 The embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 3 A in the middle is an enlarged schematic diagram; Figure 5 A top view of the protective shell and nozzle in the exploded state provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 An elevation view of the explosion state of the protective shell and nozzle provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 An enlarged schematic diagram of a second limiting column provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A top view of a protective shell provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Description of reference numerals: 1. Shell; 11. Nozzle; 111. Limiting groove; 2. Protective shell; 21. Connecting ring; 211. First limiting column; 212. Second limiting column; 2121. Cylindrical cavity; 2122. Notch; 22. Protective cover; 221. Bump; 2211. Drainage hole; 23. Connecting tube; 3. Cooling cavity; 4. Connecting seat; 41. Water inlet hole; 42. Water outlet hole; 43. One-way valve; 44. Guide hole; 5. Circulation pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, “multiple” means two or more; the terms “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “inside”, “outside”, “front end”, “rear end”, “head”, “tail”, etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms “connected” and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine, comprising a protective shell 2 arranged outside the nozzle 11, a cooling chamber 3 is provided between the protective shell 2 and the nozzle 11, and the cooling chamber 3 is connected to the water cooling system of the cutting head through a water inlet hole 41 and a water outlet hole 42 to form a circulation loop.

[0023] Specifically, during the use of the fiber laser cutting machine, the protection mechanism is used to water-cool the nozzle 11 to reduce the temperature at the nozzle 11 to prevent the nozzle 11 from being deformed due to overheating, resulting in reduced uniformity of the auxiliary gas ejection, unstable cutting conditions such as incomplete cutting and different left and right cross-sections, and reduced cutting quality; the laser cutting head includes a shell 1, a collimating assembly and a focusing mirror arranged in the shell 1 (the structure in the shell 1 is the existing technology, not shown in the figure), etc., and the nozzle 11 is installed at the lower part of the shell 1; the protection mechanism includes a protective shell 2 arranged on the nozzle 11, the protective shell 2 is fitted on the outside of the nozzle 11, and the inner wall of the protective shell 2 is aligned with the outer wall of the nozzle 11 A cooling chamber 3 is provided in between, and the cooling chamber 3 is filled with a cooling liquid such as pure water (hereinafter referred to as coolant). Optionally, a water inlet hole 41 and a water outlet hole 42 are both provided on the protective shell 2, and the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42 are respectively provided on both sides of the upper part of the protective shell 2 to increase the distance between the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42, so that the coolant has enough time to conduct heat during circulation. The water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42 are respectively connected to the water cooling system for the cutting head through the circulation pipe 5 to form a circulation loop. The circulation of the coolant in the cooling chamber 3 is realized by the pump in the water cooling system, and the heat at the nozzle 11 is continuously taken away to prevent the nozzle 11 from overheating and deformation.

[0024] The cutting head protection mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention forms a cooling chamber 3 between the protective shell 2 and the nozzle 11 by installing a protective shell 2 on the outside of the nozzle 11, and connects the cooling chamber 3 to the water cooling system through the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42 opened on the protective shell 2, so that the coolant of the water cooling system can continuously circulate through the water inlet hole 41, the cooling chamber 3 and the water outlet hole 42. The circulation of the coolant and the blowing of the auxiliary gas prevent the nozzle 11 from overheating, thereby improving the service life of the nozzle 11.

[0025] In another embodiment of the present invention, the cooling chamber 3 can be compressed.

[0026] Furthermore, the inner wall of the protective shell 2 is adapted to the outer wall of the nozzle 11 , and the protective shell 2 has a first state in which the inner wall is separated from the outer wall of the nozzle 11 and a second state in which the inner wall and the outer wall of the nozzle 11 are in contact with each other.

[0027] Specifically, during the use of the laser cutting machine, it is necessary to replace the nozzle 11 of different calibers due to factors such as the material and thickness of the workpiece. When replacing the nozzle 11, the coolant in the cooling chamber 3 is easy to leak out, which on the one hand affects the replacement operation of the nozzle 11, and on the other hand causes the loss of all the coolant in the cooling chamber 3, thereby requiring regular replenishment of the coolant; in this embodiment, the cooling chamber 3 is compressible, so that the coolant in the cooling chamber 3 can be squeezed into the circulation pipe 5 of the cooling system through the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42; in order to enable the cooling chamber 3 to be compressed, the inner wall of the protective shell 2 is adapted to the outer wall of the nozzle 11, and the protective shell 2 has a first state and a second state: In the first state, the inner wall of the protective shell 2 and the outer wall of the nozzle 11 are separated. At this time, the gap between the protective shell 2 and the nozzle 11 is the largest, that is, the volume of the cooling cavity 3 is the largest. In the second state, the inner wall of the protective shell 2 and the outer portion of the nozzle 11 are in contact with each other, and the space of the cooling cavity 3 is compressed to a minimum.

[0028] To ensure the airtightness of the cooling chamber 3, optionally, the upper part of the protective shell 2 is connected to the upper part of the nozzle 11 through a first bellows, and the lower part of the protective shell 2 is connected to the lower part of the nozzle 11 through a second bellows. The inner wall of the first bellows, the inner wall of the protective shell 2, the outer wall of the nozzle 11 and the inner wall of the second bellows together form the cooling chamber 3 (this is an optional embodiment, and the first bellows and the second bellows are not shown in the figure); due to the compressibility of the bellows, the protective shell 2 and the nozzle 11 can move relative to each other. The protective shell 2 is connected to the nozzle 11 by the first bellows. The state can be adjusted to the second state by moving vertically upward, thereby compressing the volume of the cooling chamber 3 to a minimum (affected by the length of the bellows itself, the volume of the cooling chamber 3 cannot be compressed to zero), and pressing the coolant in the cooling chamber 3 into the circulation pipe 5 of the water cooling system through the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42 as much as possible. Obviously, in order to prevent the coolant pressed into the circulation pipe 5 from flowing out when the nozzle 11 is disassembled, valves are provided at the connection between the circulation pipe 5 and the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42. Preferably, the valve is an existing electrically controlled valve.

[0029] In this embodiment, the cooling chamber 3 can be compressed by the relative movement of the protective shell 2 and the nozzle 11. When the nozzle 11 is removed, the coolant is pressed into the circulation pipe 5 as much as possible by adjusting the protective shell 2 from the first state to the second state, thereby reducing the loss of coolant during the replacement of the nozzle 11 and reducing the frequency of coolant replenishment.

[0030] Furthermore, a connecting seat 4 is installed on the nozzle 11 , the upper portion of the protective shell 2 is dynamically sealedly connected to the connecting seat 4 , and the lower portion of the protective shell 2 is dynamically sealedly connected to the lower portion of the nozzle 11 .

[0031] Specifically, in the above embodiment, the protective shell 2 is connected to the nozzle 11 through two sets of bellows, so that the cooling chamber 3 can be compressed, but the bellows cannot be completely compressed. When the bellows are compressed to the shortest state, a certain amount of coolant is retained in the remaining volume of the cooling chamber 3, and the coolant remaining between the protective shell 2 and the nozzle 11 near the second bellows is inconvenient or even impossible to pour out, which is very unfavorable for the storage of the nozzle; in this embodiment, a connecting seat 4 is installed on the nozzle 11, such as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the connecting seat 4 is annular, and the inner diameter of the upper part of the connecting seat 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower part. In this embodiment, the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42 are both opened on the connecting seat 4, and the protective shell 2 includes a connecting ring 21, a protective cover 22 and a connecting cylinder 23. The protective cover 22 is in the shape of an inverted truncated cone. The inner wall of the protective cover 22 is adapted to the shape of the outer wall of the nozzle 11, so that the protective cover 22 can be completely fitted on the outer wall of the nozzle 11. The connecting ring 21 is dynamically sealed with the inner wall of the connecting seat 4, and the connecting ring 21 is fixedly connected to the upper part (the end with the larger inner diameter) of the protective cover 22, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the lower end of the connecting tube 23 is fixed to the inner wall of the lower part (the end with the smaller inner diameter) of the protective cover 22, and the side wall of the connecting tube 23 is dynamically sealed with the lower part of the nozzle 11. During the laser cutting process, the laser beam and auxiliary gas both pass through the middle of the connecting tube 23.

[0032] When the nozzle 11 needs to be removed, the protective shell 2 can be adjusted from the first state to the second state by pushing the protective cover 22 vertically upward. The operation is simple and the cooling chamber 3 can be completely compressed. When the nozzle 11 is removed, there is only a small amount of coolant at the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42 that cannot be pressed into the circulation pipe 5, but the residual coolant at these two places is easier to pour out, which is conducive to the storage of the nozzle 11; on the other hand, since the cooling chamber 3 can be compressed, during the laser cutting process, if improper operation causes the protective shell 2 to hit the workpiece or the fixture, the protective shell 2 can reduce its own damage by compressing the cooling chamber 3, and the coolant can also cushion the protective shell 2 in the process of being pressed into the circulation pipe 5, thereby reducing the impact force of the protective shell 2 on the nozzle 11.

[0033] Furthermore, a one-way valve 43 is provided at both the water inlet 41 and the water outlet 42 .

[0034] For the convenience of description, the one-way valve 43 at the water inlet 41 is the first valve, and the water outlet end of the first valve is connected to the above-mentioned cooling chamber 3, while the one-way valve 43 at the water outlet 42 is the second valve, and the water inlet end of the second valve is connected to the above-mentioned cooling chamber 3. In this way, when the protective cover 22 is displaced by impact and compresses the cooling chamber 3, the coolant in the cooling chamber 3 can only flow to the circulation pipe 5 through the water outlet 42, thereby improving the buffering effect of the protective shell 2.

[0035] In another embodiment proposed by the present invention, the connecting seat 4 is rotatably connected to the nozzle 11, the inner wall of the protective shell 2 is provided with a protrusion 221, and the outer wall of the nozzle 11 is provided with a limiting groove 111 that cooperates with the protrusion 221. When the protective shell 2 is in the second state, the protrusion 221 and the limiting groove 111 cooperate with each other.

[0036] Specifically, in the above embodiment, the nozzle 11 can be disassembled regardless of whether the protective shell 2 is in the first state or the second state. During the replacement of the nozzle 11, it is easy to forget to compress the cooling chamber 3 to pressurize the cooling fluid into the circulation pipe 5. In this embodiment, the connecting seat 4 is rotatably connected to the nozzle 11, and the connection between the connecting seat 4 and the nozzle 11 is dynamically sealed. In addition, the inner wall of the protective shell 2 is provided with a protrusion 221, and the protrusion 221 is provided on the inner wall of the protective cover 22, and the outer wall of the nozzle 11 is provided with a limiting groove 111 that matches the protrusion 221. When the protective shell 2 is in the above-mentioned second state, the protrusion 221 is inserted into the limiting groove 111, and in this embodiment, the nozzle 11 is threadedly connected to the lower part of the shell 1, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the upper portion of the nozzle 11 is provided with an external thread, and the lower portion of the cutting head housing 1 is provided with an internal thread (not shown in the figure).

[0037] With such a configuration, since the cutting head is completely inside the protective shell 2, and the above-mentioned connecting seat 4 is rotatably connected to the cutting head, it is impossible to directly drive the nozzle 11 to rotate and remove it through the connecting seat 4. In this embodiment, when the nozzle 11 needs to be replaced, it is necessary to first push the protective cover 22 upward to adjust the protective shell 2 from the first state to the second state until the protrusion 221 is inserted into the limiting groove 111, that is, the cooling chamber 3 needs to be compressed first. At this time, the protective cover 22 is rotated, and the protective cover 22 can drive the nozzle 11 to rotate through the cooperation of the protrusion 221 and the limiting groove 111, thereby realizing the removal of the nozzle 11; Obviously, in order to facilitate the rotation of the protective cover 22, the outer wall of the protective cover 22 is protruded with several protrusions. In addition, a sensor is also provided on the connecting seat 4. When the protective shell 2 is in the second state, the controller in the water cooling system automatically closes the valve at the connection between the circulation pipe 5 and the water inlet hole 41 and the water outlet hole 42. The sensor can adopt an existing pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the connecting seat 4. When the protective shell 2 is in the second state, the connecting ring 21 contacts the pressure sensor and is detected by it. The use of sensors for monitoring and cooperating with the controller to control the opening and closing of the valve is an existing technology and can be directly applied without further explanation.

[0038] Furthermore, a limiting member is provided on the protective shell 2 , and the limiting member limits the protective shell 2 from moving in the vertical direction.

[0039] Furthermore, the limiting member includes a first limiting post 211 fixed to the protective shell 2 , and a guide hole 44 matching the limiting post is formed on the connecting seat 4 , and the upper end of the first limiting post 211 extends into the guide hole 44 .

[0040] Specifically, in the above embodiment, since the connecting ring 21 is dynamically sealed with the connecting seat 4, the connection relationship between the two is the same as the matching relationship between the piston and the piston cylinder, resulting in the connecting ring 21 being able to slide up and down in the connecting seat 4 and also being able to rotate. Once the connecting ring 21 rotates, the protrusion 221 will be misaligned with the limiting groove 111, thereby making it impossible for the protective shell 2 to be adjusted to the second state. When removing the nozzle 11, it is also necessary to rotate the protective cover 22 to adjust the position of the protrusion 221 until the protrusion 221 is aligned with the limiting groove 111, which is inconvenient to operate. In this embodiment, a limiting member is provided on the protective shell 2, which can limit the protective shell 2 so that it can only move up and down in the vertical direction. Figures 3 to 5As shown, the limiting member includes a first limiting column 211, which is fixed to the upper surface of the connecting ring 21, and a guide hole 44 is provided on the connecting seat 4 to cooperate with the first limiting column 211. When the protective shell 2 is in the first state and the second state, the upper end of the first limiting column 211 extends into the guide hole 44, and the connecting ring 21 is restricted by the first limiting column 211 and cannot rotate, so that the protrusion 221 can always be kept facing the limiting groove 111; preferably, the cross-section of the first limiting column 211 is T-shaped, which includes a disk with a larger diameter and a cylinder with a smaller diameter. The diameter of the guide hole 44 on the connecting seat 4 is adapted to the diameter of the disk, so that the first limiting column 211 cannot be detached from the guide hole 44. On the other hand, the connecting ring 21 is also restricted by the first limiting column 211, thereby preventing the connecting ring 21 from detaching from the connecting seat 4.

[0041] In another embodiment proposed by the present invention, the protrusion 221 is in the shape of an elongated strip, and the protrusion 221 is arranged along the busbar direction of the protective cover 22, the upper end of the protrusion 221 is fixedly connected to the connecting ring 21, and a drainage hole 2211 is opened in the protrusion 221 along its own length direction, and the upper end of the drainage hole 2211 is connected to the water inlet hole 41.

[0042] Specifically, in the above embodiment, the water inlet 41 and the water outlet 42 are both connected to the upper part of the cooling chamber 3. When the coolant circulates, the coolant in the lower part of the cooling chamber 3 has poor fluidity. This part of the coolant cannot or only a small amount participates in the circulation, which leads to a poor water cooling effect on the nozzle 11. In this embodiment, the protrusion 221 is long and the protrusion 221 is arranged along the busbar direction of the protective cover 22. The upper end of the protrusion 221 is fixedly connected to the connecting ring 21, and a drainage hole 2211 is opened in the protrusion 221 along its own length direction. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the upper end of the drainage hole 2211 is directly connected to the water inlet hole 41, so that the coolant introduced from the water inlet hole 41 can be directly passed to the lower part of the cooling chamber 3 through the drainage hole 2211; optionally, different from the above embodiment, in this embodiment, the first limiting column 211 is a hollow structure, that is, the first limiting column 211 is connected by a ring and a cylinder, and a cylindrical hole is opened inside it, and the guide hole 44 is directly connected to the water inlet hole 41, so that the upper end of the cylindrical hole can be connected to the water inlet hole 41, and the lower end of the cylindrical hole extends To the inside of the connecting ring 21, the drainage hole 2211 extends to the inside of the connecting ring 21 and is connected to the cylindrical hole, so that the water introduced from the water inlet 41 can reach the drainage hole 2211 through the cylindrical hole, and be guided to the lower part of the cooling chamber 3 by the drainage hole 2211; in this embodiment, on the one hand, the protrusion 221 can cooperate with the limiting groove 111 so that the rotation of the protective cover 22 can drive the nozzle 11 to rotate, and on the other hand, the protrusion 221 can also guide the coolant to the lower part of the cooling chamber 3 through the drainage hole 2211 opened therein.

[0043] Furthermore, a second limiting column 212 is fixedly connected to the position of the connecting ring 21 corresponding to the water outlet 42, the upper end of the second limiting column 212 extends into the water outlet 42, and a cylindrical cavity 2121 is opened in the middle of the second limiting column 212, and a slot 2122 is opened on the side wall of the second limiting column 212.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 3 , such as 5 and Figure 8 As shown, a second limiting column 212 is further fixed to the connecting ring 21. Similarly, the second limiting column 212 includes a circular ring and a cylinder connected to each other. The connection method of the second limiting column 212 and the connecting seat 4 is the same as the connection method of the first limiting column 211 and the connecting seat 4. It is not repeated here. The difference between the second limiting column 212 and the first limiting column 211 is that a notch 2122 is provided at the lower part of the second limiting column 212. The notch 2122 connects the cooling chamber 3 with the cylindrical cavity 2121 in the second limiting column 212. The coolant in the cooling chamber 3 flows to the water outlet 42 through the notch 2122 and the cylindrical cavity 2121 opened in the second limiting column 212 to achieve circulation. With such arrangement, when the protective cover 22 is hit and the protective shell 2 is adjusted from the above-mentioned first state to the second state, as the connecting ring 21 moves upward, the second limiting column 212 will gradually extend into the interior of the connecting seat 4, so that the slot 2122 is gradually blocked, and the effective area of ​​the slot 2122 that can be used for the flow of coolant gradually decreases. That is, in the process of the protective shell 2 moving from the second state to the first state, the flow rate of the coolant entering the second limiting column 212 from the slot 2122 will gradually decrease, thereby gradually improving the buffering effect, thereby improving the protection effect of the protective cover 22 and the nozzle 11.

[0045] The above description is merely illustrative of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It goes without saying that those skilled in the art will be able to modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine, comprising a protective shell arranged outside a nozzle, characterized in that: A cooling chamber is provided between the protective shell and the nozzle. The cooling chamber is connected to the water cooling system of the cutting head through the water inlet and outlet holes to form a circulation loop. The cooling chamber can be compressed. The inner wall of the protective shell is adapted to the outer wall of the nozzle, and the protective shell has a first state in which the inner wall is separated from the outer wall of the nozzle and a second state in which the inner wall and the outer wall of the nozzle are in contact with each other.

2. A cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting seat is installed on the nozzle, the upper part of the protective shell is dynamically sealed connected to the connecting seat, and the lower part of the protective shell is dynamically sealed connected to the lower part of the nozzle.

3. The cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protective shell includes a connecting ring, a protective cover and a connecting tube. The inner wall of the protective cover is adapted to the shape of the outer wall of the nozzle. The connecting ring is dynamically sealed to the inner wall of the connecting seat, and the connecting ring is fixedly connected to the upper part of the protective cover. The lower end of the connecting tube is fixed to the lower inner wall of the protective cover, and the side wall of the connecting tube is dynamically sealed to the lower part of the nozzle.

4. The cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: One-way valves are provided at the water inlet and outlet.

5. The cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting seat is rotatably connected to the nozzle, the inner wall of the protective shell is provided with a protrusion, and the outer wall of the nozzle is provided with a limiting groove that matches the protrusion. When the protective shell is in the second state, the protrusion and the limiting groove cooperate with each other.

6. The cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limit piece is provided on the protective shell, which limits the movement of the protective shell in the vertical direction.

7. The cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting component includes a first limiting column fixedly connected to the protective shell, a guide hole matching the limiting column is opened on the connecting seat, and the upper end of the first limiting column extends into the guide hole.

8. The cutting head protection mechanism for a fiber laser cutting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The convex block is in the shape of an elongated strip and is arranged along the busbar direction of the protective cover. The upper end of the convex block is fixedly connected to the connecting ring. A drainage hole is opened in the convex block along its own length direction, and the upper end of the drainage hole is connected to the water inlet hole.

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