Elastic antibacterial fabric formed by compounding plant source fibers and silk and preparation method of elastic antibacterial fabric

Abstract

The invention provides an elastic antibacterial fabric formed by compounding plant source fibers and silk and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of antibacterial fabrics, the elastic antibacterial fabric comprises a moisture absorption layer, an antibacterial layer, a breathable layer and a silk layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the antibacterial layer is formed by blending one or more of wormwood fibers, cotton fibers, sarcandra glabra fibers, aloe fibers, mint fibers and alginate fibers. According to the elastic antibacterial fabric prepared by the plant source fiber and silk compounding process, the antibacterial layer formed by blending the wormwood fiber, the cotton fiber, the sarcandra glabra fiber, the aloe fiber, the mint fiber and the alginate fiber is adopted, and the antibacterial layer is compounded by weaving and sprayed with a special high-molecular polymer, so that the elastic antibacterial fabric has relatively good antibacterial and skin-care effects, can bring excellent comfortable sensation when being in contact with skin, and has good antibacterial and skin-care effects. And the sports equipment is widely applicable to sports scenes such as yoga, outdoor hiking, running and riding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antibacterial fabrics, in particular to an elastic antibacterial fabric composited with plant-derived fibers and silk and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As people's living environments and lifestyles change, approximately 30% of the global population suffers from specific skin conditions such as sensitivity and acne. This population has a significant demand for restorative, antimicrobial textiles that alleviate skin inflammation and rebuild the skin barrier. Stretch fabrics are indispensable to our lives. Their excellent elasticity, form-fitting, and slimming properties have led to their increasing popularity in the market, particularly in stretch underwear and sportswear for yoga and running. Stretch fabrics sit close to the skin, and the quality of the material is crucial to human health and comfort. Traditionally, pure cotton fabrics are considered comfortable, safe, environmentally friendly, and highly absorbent. However, pure cotton products are not antimicrobial and have poor moisture-wicking properties. This is especially true in the summer, when sweating is common. Cotton underwear, soaked with sweat, cannot quickly drain away, leaving it clinging to the body and causing discomfort. This adds to the feeling of stuffiness and easily breeds bacteria, exacerbating infections in inflamed skin. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (1) Technical problems solved

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention provides an elastic antibacterial fabric based on a composite of plant-derived fibers and silk, which has excellent elasticity, antibacterial and skin-friendly functions, and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] (2) Technical solution

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solutions: a flexible antibacterial fabric composited from plant-derived fibers and silk, comprising, from top to bottom, a moisture-absorbing layer, an antibacterial layer, a breathable layer, and a silk layer. Through machine-woven composite fabric and spray-coated with a special polymer, the fabric exhibits excellent antibacterial and skin-protecting properties, providing excellent comfort when in contact with the skin.

[0007] Preferably, the antibacterial layer is blended with one or more of short-fiber wormwood fiber, cotton fiber, coral fiber, aloe fiber, mint fiber, and seaweed fiber. The yarn is spun into a specified yarn count through a fully automatic ring spinning machine (spindle speed 12000-15000rpm, drafting multiple 25-35 times), and the yarn count specifications include but are not limited to 30s, 40s, 60s, 80s, and 100s. Yarns of different yarn count specifications are taken for composite spinning. The opening and mixing process adopts a three-cylinder carding machine with a cylinder speed of 350-400rpm and a licker-in speed of 800-900rpm; the drawing process adopts three-pass merging, and the weight deviation of the sliver is ≤±0.5g / 5m; the cotton drop rate of the combing process is controlled at 12-18%, and the combing spacing is 0.30-0.35mm.

[0008] Preferably, the breathable layer is composed of links arranged in a vertical matrix, and air cavities are formed between adjacent links.

[0009] Preferably, the linker is elastic fiber.

[0010] Preferably, the silk layer is made of 20D-100D silk interwoven with elastic fibers. The silk is first degummed by immersing the raw silk in an aqueous solution containing 0.3-0.5% penetrant JFC (bath ratio 1:30) at 60-70°C for 20-30 minutes to relax the sericin structure and pre-expand. The silk is then degummed in a degumming solution containing 0.5-1.0% soda ash and 0.2% sodium tripolyphosphate (bath ratio 1:40) at 95-100°C for 20-60 minutes. The silk is then immersed in a weakly acidic cold water solution for 20-30 minutes before being spun into silk of specified specifications. Finally, the silk is interwoven with the elastic fibers.

[0011] Preferably, the composite method is to obtain a three-layer knitted fabric having an antibacterial layer, a breathable layer and a silk layer by knitting a double-sided circular machine;

[0012] Preferably, the moisture-absorbing layer is formed by spraying a special polymer onto a three-layer knitted fabric. The special polymer is a mixture of a hydrophilic organosilicon polymer and an emulsifier, with the total mass fraction of the emulsifier being 10% to 20%. The mixture is heated at 60-70°C for 20-40 minutes. Deionized water is slowly added at a water-to-oil ratio of 2:1 to 6:1, and the mixture is sheared at 5,000-10,000 rpm for 10-20 minutes to form a primary emulsion. A high-pressure homogenizer is used for 2-3 cycles to obtain a stable emulsion with a particle size of <200 nm. Acetic acid is added to adjust the pH to neutral, and the mixture is stirred and cooled to room temperature. A certain amount of deionized water is added to the cooled hydrophilic organosilicon polymer emulsion to a concentration of 20% to 60%. A water-absorbing layer is formed on the fabric surface using a uniform loading assembly and a drying assembly. This results in a four-layer composite elastic antibacterial fabric.

[0013] Preferably, the uniform feeding component includes a storage bin, a multi-stage guide device and a dynamic atomizing injection mechanism, wherein: a spiral vibrating disk is provided at the bottom of the storage bin, and its amplitude is adjusted to 0.5-3 mm by a PLC controller; the multi-stage guide device is composed of three layers of staggered ceramic guide plates, each layer of guide plates has an inclination angle of 15°±2°, and a surface roughness Ra≤0.8 μm; the dynamic atomizing injection mechanism includes three groups of metering pumps arranged in parallel, each group of pumps is equipped with an independent PID control system, with a flow accuracy of ±0.5 μL / min, and a special polymer emulsion for the water absorbing layer is sprayed at a pressure of 0.2-0.5 MPa through an annularly distributed atomizing nozzle.

[0014] Preferably, the drying component includes a low-temperature pre-baking module and a high-temperature drying module, an anti-adhesion conveying mechanism and a two-way airflow circulation system, wherein: the low-temperature pre-baking module adopts an infrared pre-baking process, the wavelength of the pre-baking zone is set to 2.5~5μm, and the surface temperature is controlled at 45~60℃; the high-temperature drying module adopts a quartz tube radiator (wavelength 2.5~5μm) and gas hot air composite heating, and the temperature is controllable at 140~210℃; the conveyor belt surface of the anti-adhesion conveying mechanism is provided with an array of ceramic micro-bumps, the bump height is 0.2mm±0.02mm, the spacing is 1.5mm×1.5mm, and the surface is coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene high-temperature resistant coating; the two-way airflow circulation system is equipped with dual centrifugal fans, which form vertical / horizontal bidirectional airflow through a V-shaped guide groove, and detect the moisture content changes in real time through temperature and humidity sensors and link with the PLC.

[0015] (3) Beneficial effects

[0016] The present invention provides an elastic antibacterial fabric composited with plant-derived fibers and silk and a preparation method thereof. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] This elastic antibacterial fabric, a composite of plant-derived fibers and silk, features an antibacterial layer made from a blend of one or more of wormwood fiber, cotton fiber, coral grass fiber, aloe vera fiber, mint fiber, and seaweed fiber. It offers excellent antibacterial and skin-protecting properties, providing exceptional comfort when in contact with the skin. Testing has shown an inhibition rate against Staphylococcus aureus of ≥85%, Escherichia coli of ≥78%, and Candida albicans of ≥63%, meeting the AA grade in the FZ / T 73023-2006 standard.

[0018] 2. The elastic antibacterial fabric made of plant-derived fiber and silk has a moisture-absorbing layer with strong water-absorbing and water-conducting functions, which cooperates with the silk layer on the other side of the fabric to achieve a strong moisture absorption and perspiration purpose. The moisture permeability is tested to be 530~630g / (m 2 ·h), which is much higher than the moisture permeability of ordinary elastic fabrics (100~200 / (m2 ·h)).

[0019] 3. This elastic antibacterial fabric, a composite of plant-derived fibers and silk, has excellent breathability, making it comfortable to wear and preventing sweating. Tests have shown that its air permeability is 180-240 mm / s, much higher than the air permeability of ordinary elastic fabrics (50-150 mm / s).

[0020] 4. The elastic antibacterial fabric made of plant-derived fiber and silk has excellent elasticity, a constant force of 15N, a tensile rate of 100mm / min, a weft elongation at break of 222.21%, and a radial elongation at break of 220.46%. Its elasticity is 1 to 2 times that of ordinary elastic fabrics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the fabric structure in the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1 moisture absorption layer, 2 antibacterial layer, 3 breathable layer, 4 silk layer, 5 connector, 6 air cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention provides an elastic antibacterial fabric based on a composite process of plant-derived fibers and silk, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a moisture-absorbing layer 1, an antibacterial layer 2, a breathable layer 3, and a silk layer 4 arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

[0024] The antibacterial layer 2 is formed by a blend of one or more of wormwood fiber, cotton fiber, coral fiber, aloe fiber, mint fiber, and seaweed fiber.

[0025] By extracting active ingredients such as volatile oils and flavonoids from mugwort, mugwort fiber can effectively inhibit the reproduction of bacteria, fungi and mites. Its antibacterial effect is long-lasting and can be maintained even after multiple washings.

[0026] Sarcandra fiber is made of active ingredients extracted from the leaves of the natural plant Sarcandra coral, which are blended with viscose and spun. It not only retains the pharmacological effects of Sarcandra coral, such as resisting colds, improving human immunity, and promoting bone healing, but also has natural antibacterial function and has good antibacterial effects on three common bacteria species (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans).

[0027] Aloe vera fiber contains natural aloe vera ingredients, which has certain antibacterial effects and can inhibit the growth of bacteria. Secondly, it has good softness and skin-friendliness, and feels smooth and delicate.

[0028] Mint fiber has significant resistance and inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, with an antibacterial rate of up to 99%, and can still maintain its antibacterial effect after multiple washings.

[0029] Seaweed fiber contains a variety of antimicrobial components, such as polyphenols and polysaccharides. These components are retained within the fiber, giving it natural antimicrobial properties. Seaweed fiber also exhibits excellent biocompatibility with human tissue and does not cause allergic or other adverse reactions. It adheres closely to wound surfaces, providing a favorable environment for wound healing without irritating the wound, thus promoting wound healing.

[0030] The blend of mugwort fiber, cotton fiber, coral fiber, aloe fiber, mint fiber, and seaweed fiber can effectively deodorize and enhance the antibacterial effect of the fabric. It can also bring excellent comfort when in contact with the skin.

[0031] The breathable layer 3 is composed of links 5 arranged in a vertical matrix, with air cavities 6 formed between adjacent links 5. The links 5 are made of elastic fibers, specifically spandex. The links 5 have high elastic recovery, enhancing the overall elastic performance. The air cavities 6 formed between the links 5 also improve the breathability of the fabric.

[0032] The silk layer 4 is woven from 20D to 100D silk yarn and spandex in a specific ratio. The specific thickness of the silk yarn can be selected according to actual conditions. Silk layer 4 directly contacts the skin. The interwoven spandex and silk provide excellent comfort for the wearer, have a certain antibacterial effect, and significantly improve the durability and wrinkle resistance of the fabric. At the same time, the addition of spandex gives the fabric a certain degree of elasticity, providing a comfortable wearing experience for the wearer.

[0033] The moisture-absorbing layer 1 is formed from a three-layer knitted fabric consisting of an antibacterial layer 2, a breathable layer 3, and a silk layer 4, all coated with a special polymer material. The moisture-absorbing layer 1 is made of a hydrophilic silicone polymer, which has strong water absorption and water conduction properties. This layer, in conjunction with the silk layer 4 on the other side of the fabric, achieves excellent moisture absorption and perspiration removal.

[0034] The preparation method of the elastic antibacterial fabric comprises the following steps:

[0035] S1. Short-staple mugwort fiber, cotton fiber, coral fiber, aloe fiber, mint fiber, and seaweed fiber are spun into yarns of specified yarn counts using a fully automatic ring spinning machine (spindle speed 12,000-15,000 rpm, draft ratio 25-35 times). Yarn count specifications include but are not limited to 30s, 40s, 60s, 80s, and 100s.

[0036] S2. Yarns of different yarn counts and specifications are prepared for composite spinning. The opening and mixing process uses a three-cylinder carding machine with a cylinder speed of 350-400 rpm and a licker-in speed of 800-900 rpm. The drawing process uses three-pass drawing, with a sliver weight deviation of ≤±0.5g / 5m. The noil rate of the combing process is controlled at 12-18%, and the combing gauge is 0.30-0.35mm.

[0037] S3. Degumming the silk: first, immersing the raw silk in an aqueous solution containing 0.3-0.5% penetrant JFC (bath ratio 1:30) at 60-70° C. for 20-30 minutes to relax the sericin structure and pre-expand it; then, degumming the raw silk in a degumming solution containing 0.5-1.0% soda ash and 0.2% sodium tripolyphosphate (bath ratio 1:40) at 95-100° C. for 20-60 minutes; then, immersing the raw silk in weakly acidic cold water for 20-30 minutes, and finally, spinning the raw silk into silk of specified specifications;

[0038] S4, weaving the corresponding yarns obtained in S1 to S3 through a double-sided circular knitting machine to obtain a three-layer knitted fabric having an antibacterial layer, a breathable layer and a silk layer;

[0039] S5. In S4, the antibacterial layer is formed by blending the yarns in S1 and S2 with elastic fibers, the silk layer is formed by blending the yarns in S3 with elastic fibers, and the breathable layer is formed by weaving elastic fibers and yarns in S1, S2, and S3 into point-like links to form air cavities.

[0040] The special polymer is a mixture of a hydrophilic silicone polymer and an emulsifier, with the emulsifier accounting for 10% to 20% of the total weight. The mixture is heated at 60-70°C for 20-40 minutes. Deionized water is slowly added at a water-to-oil ratio of 2:1 to 6:1. The mixture is sheared at 5,000-10,000 rpm for 10-20 minutes to form a primary emulsion. A high-pressure homogenizer is used for two to three cycles to obtain a stable emulsion with a particle size of <200 nm. Acetic acid is added to adjust the pH to neutral, and the mixture is stirred and cooled to room temperature. A certain amount of deionized water is added to the cooled hydrophilic silicone polymer emulsion to a concentration of 20% to 60%. A water-absorbing layer is formed on the surface of the fabric using a uniform feeding assembly and a drying assembly. This results in a four-layer composite elastic antibacterial fabric.

[0041] The uniform feeding component includes a storage bin, a multi-stage guide device and a dynamic atomizing injection mechanism, among which: a spiral vibrating disk is provided at the bottom of the storage bin, and its amplitude is adjusted to 0.5-3mm by a PLC controller; the multi-stage guide device is composed of three layers of staggered ceramic guide plates, each layer of guide plates has an inclination angle of 15°±2°, and a surface roughness of Ra≤0.8μm; the dynamic atomizing injection mechanism includes three groups of metering pumps arranged in parallel, each group of pumps is equipped with an independent PID control system, with a flow accuracy of ±0.5μL / min, and a special polymer emulsion for the water-absorbing layer is sprayed at a pressure of 0.2-0.5MPa through an annularly distributed atomizing nozzle to form a uniform moisture-absorbing layer on the surface of the three-layer knitted fabric.

[0042] The drying component includes a low-temperature pre-baking module and a high-temperature drying module, an anti-adhesion conveying mechanism and a two-way airflow circulation system, among which: the low-temperature pre-baking module adopts an infrared pre-baking process, the wavelength of the pre-baking zone is set to 2.5~5μm, and the surface temperature is controlled at 45~60℃; the high-temperature drying module adopts a quartz tube radiator (wavelength 2.5~5μm) and gas hot air composite heating, and the temperature is controllable at 140~210℃; the conveyor belt surface of the anti-adhesion conveying mechanism is provided with an array of ceramic micro-bumps, with a bump height of 0.2mm±0.02mm, a spacing of 1.5mm×1.5mm, and a polytetrafluoroethylene high-temperature resistant coating on the surface; the two-way airflow circulation system is equipped with dual centrifugal fans, which form vertical / horizontal bidirectional airflow through a V-shaped guide groove, and detects moisture content changes in real time through temperature and humidity sensors and links with the PLC to obtain a water-absorbing layer with uniform surface thickness.

[0043] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An elastic antibacterial fabric made of a composite of plant-derived fiber and silk, characterized by: The invention comprises a moisture absorbing layer (1), an antibacterial layer (2), a breathable layer (3), and a silk layer (4) which are arranged in order from top to bottom. The antibacterial layer (2) is made of a blend of one or more of wormwood fiber, cotton fiber, coral fiber, aloe fiber, mint fiber, and seaweed fiber.

2. The elastic antibacterial fabric made of a composite of plant-derived fiber and silk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moisture absorbing layer (1) is formed by impregnating a substrate with a special polymer material.

3. The elastic antibacterial fabric made of a composite of plant-derived fiber and silk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The breathable layer (3) is composed of linkers (5) arranged in a vertical matrix, and air cavities (6) are formed between adjacent linkers (5).

4. The elastic antibacterial fabric made of a composite of plant-derived fiber and silk according to claim 3, characterized in that: The linker (5) is elastic fiber.

5. The elastic antibacterial fabric made of a composite of plant-derived fiber and silk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silk layer (4) is made of 20D-100D silk yarns interwoven with spandex.

6. A method for preparing an elastic antibacterial fabric composited with plant-derived fibers and silk, characterized in that: The method for preparing the elastic antibacterial fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 5 comprises the following steps: S1, short-staple wormwood fiber, cotton fiber, coral fiber, aloe fiber, mint fiber, and seaweed fiber are spun through a fully automatic ring spinning machine (spindle speed 12000-15000 rpm, draft ratio 25-35 times) Spun into yarn of specified yarn count, including but not limited to 30s, 40s, 60s, 80s, and 100s; S2. Take yarns of different yarn counts and specifications and carry out composite spinning; the opening and mixing process adopts a three-cylinder carding machine with a cylinder speed of 350-400rpm and a licker-in speed of 800-900rpm; the drawing process adopts three-pass drawing, and the weight deviation of the sliver is ≤±0.5g / 5m; the cotton drop rate of the combing process is controlled at 12-18%, Combing gauge 0.30~0.35mm; S3. Degumming of silk: First, immerse the raw silk in an aqueous solution containing 0.3-0.5% penetrant JFC (bath ratio 1:30) at 60-70°C for 20-30 minutes to relax the sericin structure. Pre-expanding; then degumming in a degumming solution with a soda ash concentration of 0.5-1.0% and a sodium tripolyphosphate concentration of 0.2% (bath ratio 1:40) at a temperature of 95-100°C for 20-60 minutes. Then it is immersed in weak acidic cold water for 20 to 30 minutes and finally spun into silk of specified specifications. S4, weaving the corresponding yarns obtained in S1 to S3 through a double-sided circular knitting machine to obtain a three-layer knitted fabric having an antibacterial layer, a breathable layer and a silk layer; In S5 and S4, the antibacterial layer is made of yarns from S1 and S2 blended with elastic fibers, the silk layer is made of yarns from S3 blended with elastic fibers, and the breathable layer is made of elastic fibers blended with S1, S2, In S3, the yarns are woven into point-like links to form air cavities.

7. The method for preparing an elastic antibacterial fabric composited with plant-derived fiber and silk according to claim 6, characterized in that: A hydrophilic organosilicon polymer is mixed with an emulsifier, with the total mass proportion of the emulsifier being 10% to 20%, and heated at 60 to 70°C for 20 to 40 minutes; deionized water is slowly added, with a water to oil phase mass ratio of 2:1 to 6:1, and sheared at 5000 to 10000 rpm for 10 to 20 minutes to form a primary emulsion; a high-pressure homogenizer is used for cyclic treatment 2 to 3 times to obtain a stable emulsion with a particle size of less than 200 nm; acetic acid is added to adjust the pH to neutral, and the mixture is stirred and cooled to room temperature; a certain amount of deionized water is added to the cooled hydrophilic organosilicon polymer emulsion to a concentration of 20% to 60%; the knitted fabric in S4 is passed through a uniform feeding component and a drying component to form a water-absorbing layer on the fabric surface to obtain an elastic antibacterial fabric with a four-layer composite structure.

8. The method for preparing an elastic antibacterial fabric composited with plant-derived fiber and silk according to claim 7, characterized in that: The uniform feeding component used includes a storage bin, a multi-stage guide device and a dynamic atomization injection mechanism, wherein: a spiral vibrating disk is provided at the bottom of the storage bin, and its amplitude is adjusted to 0.5-3 mm by a PLC controller; the multi-stage guide device is composed of three layers of staggered ceramic guide plates, each layer of guide plates has an inclination angle of 15°±2°, and a surface roughness Ra≤0.8μm; the dynamic atomization injection mechanism includes three groups of metering pumps arranged in parallel, each group of pumps is equipped with an independent PID control system, with a flow accuracy of ±0.5μL / min, and the polymer emulsion for the water-absorbing layer is sprayed at a pressure of 0.2-0.5MPa through an annularly distributed atomization nozzle.

9. The method for preparing an elastic antibacterial fabric composited with plant-derived fiber and silk according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drying components used include a low-temperature pre-drying module and a high-temperature drying module, an anti-adhesion transmission mechanism and a two-way airflow circulation system, wherein: the low-temperature pre-drying module adopts an infrared pre-drying process, the wavelength of the pre-drying zone is set to 2.5~5μm, and the surface temperature is controlled at 45~60℃; the high-temperature drying module adopts a quartz tube radiator (wavelength 2.5~5μm) and gas hot air composite heating, and the temperature is controllable at 140~210℃; the conveyor belt surface of the anti-adhesion transmission mechanism is provided with an array of ceramic micro-bumps, the bump height is 0.2mm±0.02mm, the spacing is 1.5mm×1.5mm, and the surface is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene high-temperature resistant coating; the two-way airflow circulation system is equipped with dual centrifugal fans, which form vertical / horizontal bidirectional airflow through a V-shaped guide groove, and the humidity sensor detects the moisture content change in real time and is linked with the PLC; the component combines CCD visual detection to correct the fabric position offset in real time.

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