Pantograph gas circuit safety control system

Abstract

The invention provides a pantograph gas circuit safety control system. The pantograph gas circuit safety control system comprises a single chip microcomputer and a pantograph overhauling circuit. The single-chip microcomputer is connected with the mobile phone. The single chip microcomputer receives a first button control signal, a second button control signal and a first electromagnetic valve control signal sent by the mobile phone; the single-chip microcomputer controls the first button through a first button control signal, controls the second button through a second button control signal, and controls the first electromagnetic valve through a first electromagnetic valve control signal. Through innovative design of a gas circuit and a circuit, when a U9 valve is opened to simulate gas circuit leakage, an electromagnetic valve is switched off, and a total air source is cut off. Real-time detection and safety control of a gas circuit are achieved, problems in a gas circuit system can be found and processed in time through the innovative scheme, safety accidents are avoided, and a safer and more reliable guarantee is provided for overhauling work of a pantograph. The indication signal is remotely received through the mobile phone, the operation states of the button and the indication lamp are obtained, and the operation convenience is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electrical appliances, in particular to a pantograph air circuit safety control system. Background Art

[0002] A pantograph is an electrical device that allows rail vehicles to obtain electricity from the overhead catenary. It is a core component of the train's power source and requires regular maintenance and servicing to ensure its clean appearance, good component quality, and proper function. This ensures the proper functioning of the pantograph and the safe and smooth operation of the train. During pantograph maintenance, the installation and commissioning of the air circuit are crucial. However, this process carries certain safety risks. During the replacement of pneumatic components and piping, improper operation could result in the air circuit hose causing injury to maintenance personnel. On XX / XX / 2024, an employee of a company sustained serious injuries to his jaw and teeth due to an accidental air circuit leak while repairing a pantograph. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the pantograph maintenance circuit is exposed to great gas circuit safety hazards when the maintenance personnel perform maintenance operations due to improper operation of the personnel or damage to mechanical components.

[0004] The present invention provides a pantograph air circuit safety control system, comprising a single chip microcomputer and a pantograph maintenance circuit;

[0005] The pantograph maintenance circuit includes a first air switch, a first fuse, a first button, a second button, a first relay, a second relay, a third relay, a first time relay, a second time relay, a first indicator light, a second indicator light, a first pressure controller, a first pressure difference controller, and a first solenoid valve;

[0006] The first button, the second button, the first indicator light, the second indicator light, and the first solenoid valve are respectively connected to the single chip microcomputer via a ZigBee network;

[0007] The microcontroller is connected to the mobile phone;

[0008] The single chip microcomputer receives a first button control signal, a second button control signal, and a first solenoid valve control signal sent by the mobile phone;

[0009] The single chip microcomputer controls the first button using the first button control signal, controls the second button using the second button control signal, and controls the first solenoid valve using the first solenoid valve control signal;

[0010] The single chip microcomputer receives a first indication signal sent by the first indicator light and a second indication signal sent by the second indicator light;

[0011] The single chip computer sends the first indication signal and the second indication signal to the mobile phone respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the first end of the first air switch is connected to the DC positive electrode;

[0013] The first end of the first fuse is connected to the second end of the first air switch;

[0014] The second end of the first fuse is respectively connected to the first end of the first button, the first end of the second button, the first end of the first differential pressure controller, and the first end of the first solenoid valve;

[0015] The second end of the first button is connected to the first end of the first pressure controller;

[0016] The second end of the first pressure controller is connected to the first end of the first time relay, the first end of the first relay and the first end of the first indicator light respectively;

[0017] The second end of the first time relay, the second end of the first relay and the second end of the first indicator light are respectively connected to the DC negative electrode;

[0018] The second end of the second button is connected to the first end of the second time relay and the first end of the second relay respectively;

[0019] The second end of the second time relay and the second end of the second relay are respectively connected to the DC negative electrode;

[0020] The second end of the first pressure difference controller is connected to the first end of the third relay and the first end of the second indicator light respectively;

[0021] The second end of the third relay and the second end of the second indicator light are respectively connected to the DC negative electrode;

[0022] The second end of the first solenoid valve is connected to the DC negative electrode.

[0023] Through innovative design of the gas circuit and circuit, when the U9 valve is opened to simulate a gas leak, the solenoid valve disconnects and closes, cutting off the main air supply. This enables real-time monitoring and safety control of the gas circuit. This innovative solution allows for timely identification and resolution of problems in the gas circuit system, preventing accidents and providing a safer and more reliable guarantee for pantograph maintenance. Remotely receiving indicator signals via a mobile phone, the operating status of buttons and indicators can be monitored and the solenoid controlled, improving operational convenience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the architecture of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The working principle of the present invention is: after closing the circuit breaker 21-F01 and opening the u3 valve, 21-K01 and 21-KT01 are energized and attracted, the indicator light 21-H01 lights up, the solenoid valve 21-YV01 is closed, and after opening the u9 valve to simulate air leakage, 21-B02 detects the air pressure difference and closes, 21-K03 is energized and attracted, 21-H02 lights up, the normally closed contacts 21 and 22 of 21-K03 are disconnected, 21-YV01 is disconnected, and the total air source is cut off.

[0027] The present invention provides a pantograph air circuit safety control system, comprising a single chip microcomputer and a pantograph maintenance circuit;

[0028] The pantograph maintenance circuit includes a first air switch, a first fuse, a first button, a second button, a first relay, a second relay, a third relay, a first time relay, a second time relay, a first indicator light, a second indicator light, a first pressure controller, a first pressure difference controller, and a first solenoid valve;

[0029] The first button, the second button, the first indicator light, the second indicator light, and the first solenoid valve are respectively connected to the single chip microcomputer via a ZigBee network;

[0030] The microcontroller is connected to the mobile phone;

[0031] The single chip microcomputer receives a first button control signal, a second button control signal, and a first solenoid valve control signal sent by the mobile phone;

[0032] The single chip microcomputer controls the first button using the first button control signal, controls the second button using the second button control signal, and controls the first solenoid valve using the first solenoid valve control signal;

[0033] The single chip microcomputer receives a first indication signal sent by the first indicator light and a second indication signal sent by the second indicator light;

[0034] The single chip computer sends the first indication signal and the second indication signal to the mobile phone respectively.

[0035] Furthermore, the first end of the first air switch is connected to the DC positive electrode;

[0036] The first end of the first fuse is connected to the second end of the first air switch;

[0037] The second end of the first fuse is respectively connected to the first end of the first button, the first end of the second button, the first end of the first differential pressure controller, and the first end of the first solenoid valve;

[0038] The second end of the first button is connected to the first end of the first pressure controller;

[0039] The second end of the first pressure controller is connected to the first end of the first time relay, the first end of the first relay and the first end of the first indicator light respectively;

[0040] The second end of the first time relay, the second end of the first relay and the second end of the first indicator light are respectively connected to the DC negative electrode;

[0041] The second end of the second button is connected to the first end of the second time relay and the first end of the second relay respectively;

[0042] The second end of the second time relay and the second end of the second relay are respectively connected to the DC negative electrode;

[0043] The second end of the first pressure difference controller is connected to the first end of the third relay and the first end of the second indicator light respectively;

[0044] The second end of the third relay and the second end of the second indicator light are respectively connected to the DC negative electrode;

[0045] The second end of the first solenoid valve is connected to the DC negative electrode.

[0046] The functions of the various components in the circuit of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] 21-F01 is the first air switch, which realizes overload protection, cuts off the voltage to prevent the wires from overheating and catching fire, and manually controls the on and off of short-circuit protection.

[0048] 21-F02 is the first fuse, which provides short circuit protection and overload protection.

[0049] 21-S01 is the first button, which enables the device to restore to its initial state.

[0050] 21-S02 is the second button, which is used to lower the train pantograph and test whether the device affects the normal raising and lowering of the pantograph.

[0051] 21-K01 is the first relay, which detects whether the pressure reaches the device startup condition.

[0052] 21-K02 is the second relay, which enables the pantograph to remain in the lowered state.

[0053] 21-K03 is the third relay, which controls the solenoid valve to close the gas source.

[0054] 21-KT01 is the first time relay, which can avoid erroneous actions caused by short-term pressure fluctuations.

[0055] 21-KT02 is the second time relay, which makes it impossible to raise the pantograph when the pantograph is lowered.

[0056] 21-H01 is the first indicator light, which displays the pressure signal to indicate that high pressure exists.

[0057] 21-H02 is the second indicator light, which realizes the gas source shut-off signal, indicating that the gas source has been shut off.

[0058] 21-B01 is the first pressure controller, which converts the fluid pressure signal into an electrical signal.

[0059] 21-B02 is the first differential pressure controller, which detects the air pressure difference.

[0060] 21-YV is the first solenoid valve, which is used to close the main air source.

[0061] The following describes the solution of connecting a button to a microcontroller, sending the button status to the microcontroller, and connecting the microcontroller to a mobile phone:

[0062] Button and indicator terminal: Zigbee terminal module: uses CC2530 chip, GPIO1 is connected to the button (with hardware debounce circuit). The button is connected to P1_0 (CC2530 supports interrupt GPIO)

[0063] Gateway layer key upgrade main control chip: STM32F407VGT6 (dual USART + Ethernet interface)

[0064] Zigbee coordinator: CC2531 module, connected to STM32 via UART1 (115200bps), supports AES-128 encryption 5G communication module: Quectel RG500U, connected to STM32 via UART2 (AT commands), supports SA / NSA dual-mode, and a downlink rate of ≥1Gbps.

[0065] Cloud and mobile cloud server: Alibaba Cloud IoT platform (built-in MQTT Broker), supports device shadow status synchronization Mobile app: Android / iOS application, integrated MQTT client and HTTP status query interface.

[0066] Two-way communication protocol design:

[0067] 1. Zigbee network layer

[0068] Uplink data (button → gateway):

[0069] |Destination address|Source address|Command ID (0x01=press)|Status flag|CRC check|

[0070] Note: Mesh routing is supported, and communication between terminals must be transferred through the coordinator

[0071] 2.5G transport layer

[0072] Data encapsulation format (JSON) code:

[0073]

[0074] 5G module AT command key operations: AT+QIOPEN=1,0,"TCP","188.3.1.1",1883,0,1 / / Establish MQTT server connection, AT+QISEND=0,"{\"dev_id\":\"BUTTON01\",...}" / / Send status data.

[0075] 3.

[0076] Status query: The app sends an HTTP GET request to the cloud API:

[0077] GET / device / status? dev_id=BUTTON01

[0078] Response: {"led_status":1,"last_action":"PRESS"}

[0079] Real-time push: Subscribe via MQTT topic:

[0080] device / BUTTON01 / status pushes real-time status changes

[0081] Software implements key logic:

[0082] 1.STM32 gateway program

[0083] Zigbee data processing (interrupt method) code:

[0084]

[0085] 5G network disconnection cache mechanism: Use SPI Flash to store offline data and retransmit it after the network is restored.

[0086] 2. Mobile APP core function code:

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] State synchronization and security mechanism:

[0090] State consistency guarantee, device shadow (Device Shadow): The cloud saves the latest device status, and shadow data is returned first when the app queries.

[0091] Heartbeat packet mechanism: The gateway reports its online status every 5 minutes. If the timeout exceeds the limit, the cloud will mark the device as offline.

[0092] Full-link security design: Zigbee layer: AES-128 encryption is enabled, network key (NWK Key) dynamic injection is used, and 5G layer: TLS1.3 is used to encrypt TCP connections (configured by AT+QSSLCFG command).

[0093] Cloud authentication: The device uses a unique password (pre-set key), and the app requires an OAuth 2.0 dynamic token to log in.

[0094] The following explains the principle of connecting the solenoid valve to the microcontroller, the microcontroller to the mobile phone, and the mobile phone controlling the solenoid through the microcontroller.

[0095] Solenoid valve terminal hardware design: Zigbee node: uses CC2530F256 chip, built-in enhanced 8051 core, supports Zigbee Pro protocol stack, and has adjustable RF output power (-22~4dBm).

[0096] Valve drive circuit: Motor control: ULN2803 Darlington diode drives a stepper motor (28BYJ-48), with a maximum drive current of 500mA. Opening feedback: A U-shaped photoelectric switch (such as the EE-SX671) is used in conjunction with a sector-shaped barrier to detect the valve's open / closed state (0° = closed, 90° = open).

[0097] Sensing and power supply: Pressure sensor: MPX5100DP (0-100kPa), water pressure data is collected through the CC2530 internal 14-bit ADC.

[0098] Low-power design: Three power supplies: 3.3V constant voltage (MCU), 5V shutdown voltage (sensor), and 24V high-current voltage (solenoid valve), with sleep current ≤ 1.5μA. Dynamic power regulation: Automatically adjusts RF power based on link quality (LQI), reducing power to -10dBm at a distance of 10m.

[0099] Key implementation of the gateway layer: Main control: STM32F407VGT6, dual USART interface.

[0100] Zigbee coordinator: CC2531 module, connected via UART1 (TX: PA9, RX: PA10), baud rate 115200bps. 5G module: Quectel RG500U, supporting both SA and NSA modes, sending AT commands via UART2 (TX: PD5, RX: PD6). Protocol conversion logic: Uplink data flow (terminal → mobile phone): Zigbee data frame → STM32 parsing → JSON encapsulation → 5G transmission to the cloud.

[0101] #Zigbee frame example: |destination address|source address|command 0x03 (opening setting)|opening value (0-255)|CRC|

[0102] Downlink instruction (mobile phone → terminal) code:

[0103] {"dev_id":"VALVE01","cmd":"SET_OPEN","value":80} / / Set the opening to 80%

[0104] Mobile phone control and feedback mechanism:

[0105] Control function implementation, opening adjustment: the slider interface sends a 0-100% opening command, which is converted into the number of stepper motor pulses (e.g., 200 pulses = 90° rotation). Status query: actively request valve status (pressure, opening, battery voltage), and the cloud triggers the gateway to send a query command.

[0106] Real-time monitoring interface, data display code:

[0107] / / Android example (MQTT subscription)

[0108] client.subscribe("valve / + / status",(topic,msg)->{

[0109] JSONObject data=new JSONObject(msg);

[0110] if(data.getString("dev_id").equals("VALVE01")){

[0111]

[0112] The following describes how to connect the indicator light to the microcontroller and send the indicator signal to the mobile phone:

[0113] Hardware Design: The indicator light status acquisition terminal uses a sensor: a photoresistor (such as the GL5516) or a phototransistor (such as the PT333-3C) to detect the LED's on / off status, with a response time of ≤10ms. A voltage detection circuit (voltage divider resistor + ADC) is used to directly read the LED drive level (applicable to 3.3V / 5V systems).

[0114] Zigbee terminal: CC2530 chip, GPIO connection sensor: P1_0 connects to the photoresistor ADC input (brightness analog), P1_1 connects to the voltage comparator output (digital on / off status)

[0115] Low-power design: When the terminal is dormant, only the ADC is powered (current ≤ 5μA). When the state changes, the Zigbee module is woken up to send data.

[0116] Gateway layer connection: STM32F407: Receives Zigbee coordinator (CC2531) data through UART1, parses it and controls the 5G module (Quectel RG500U) through UART2.

[0117] Signal isolation: Add an optocoupler (such as PC817) to the sensor input port to prevent high-voltage interference from damaging the Zigbee terminal.

[0118] Communication protocol and data flow: Zigbee uplink data frame (terminal → gateway)

[0119] |Source address |Command ID (0x05 = status report) |Brightness value (0-255) |Status flag (0 = off / 1 = on) |CRC check |Trigger mechanism: Actively sent when the brightness change exceeds the threshold (±10%) or the status is reversed.

[0120] Gateway → Cloud Protocol (JSON encapsulation) code:

[0121]

[0122] 5G transmission: STM32 sends code to the cloud server via AT commands:

[0123] AT+QISEND=0,"{\"dev_id\":\"LED01\",\"status\":1,\"brightness\":120}"

[0124] Mobile phone status display code:

[0125] MQTT subscription: Mobile app monitors the topic device / LED01 / status

[0126]

[0127] Active query: HTTP request to obtain the latest status code:

[0128] GET / device / status? dev_id=LED01

[0129] Key software logic:

[0130] Zigbee terminal program (CC2530)

[0131] ADC sampling and status judgment code:

[0132]

[0133] STM32 gateway data processing code:

[0134] Serial port interruption to parse Zigbee frame:

[0135]

[0136] Through innovative design of the gas circuit and circuit, when the U9 valve is opened to simulate a gas leak, the solenoid valve disconnects and closes, cutting off the main air supply. This enables real-time monitoring and safety control of the gas circuit. This innovative solution allows for timely detection and resolution of problems in the gas circuit system, preventing accidents and providing a safer and more reliable guarantee for pantograph maintenance. Remotely receiving indicator signals via a mobile phone, the operating status of buttons and indicators can be monitored and controlled, improving operational convenience.

Claims

1. A pantograph air circuit safety control system, including a single-chip microcomputer and a pantograph maintenance circuit; The pantograph maintenance circuit includes a first air switch, a first fuse, a first button, a second button, a first relay, a second relay, a third relay, a first time relay, a second time relay, a first indicator light, a second indicator light, a first pressure controller, a first pressure difference controller, and a first solenoid valve; the first button, the second button, the first indicator light, the second indicator light, and the first solenoid valve are respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer through a ZigBee network; The microcontroller is connected to the mobile phone; The single chip microcomputer receives a first button control signal, a second button control signal, and a first solenoid valve control signal sent by the mobile phone; The single chip microcomputer controls the first button using the first button control signal, controls the second button using the second button control signal, and controls the first solenoid valve using the first solenoid valve control signal; The single chip microcomputer receives a first indication signal sent by the first indicator light and a second indication signal sent by the second indicator light; the single chip microcomputer sends the first indication signal and the second indication signal to the mobile phone respectively.

2. A pantograph air circuit safety control system as claimed in claim 1, The first end of the first air switch is connected to the DC positive electrode; The first end of the first fuse is connected to the second end of the first air switch; The second end of the first fuse is respectively connected to the first end of the first button, the first end of the second button, the first end of the first differential pressure controller, and the first end of the first solenoid valve; The second end of the first button is connected to the first end of the first pressure controller; The second end of the first pressure controller is connected to the first end of the first time relay, the first end of the first relay and the first end of the first indicator light respectively; The second end of the first time relay, the second end of the first relay and the second end of the first indicator light are respectively connected to the DC negative electrode; The second end of the second button is connected to the first end of the second time relay and the first end of the second relay respectively; The second end of the second time relay and the second end of the second relay are respectively connected to the DC negative electrode; The second end of the first pressure difference controller is connected to the first end of the third relay and the first end of the second indicator light respectively; The second end of the third relay and the second end of the second indicator light are respectively connected to the DC negative electrode; The second end of the first solenoid valve is connected to the DC negative electrode.

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