Loader distributed battery replacement system and battery replacement method

Abstract

This invention provides a distributed battery swapping system and method for loaders, belonging to the field of battery swapping technology for construction machinery. It includes several battery swapping loaders, on-site battery swapping devices, a battery transport vehicle, and a battery pack charging point. The on-site battery swapping devices are located next to the working area of ​​the battery swapping loaders. These devices are used to remove batteries from the loaders that need charging and store them, and to replace fully charged batteries on the loaders. The battery transport vehicle transports fully charged batteries to the on-site battery swapping devices and then transports batteries from the on-site devices to the battery pack charging point for charging. This invention improves battery swapping efficiency and ensures continuous operation of the battery swapping loaders by flexibly placing the on-site battery swapping devices near the working area. Furthermore, by transporting batteries to the battery pack charging point for charging, it achieves coordinated operation of centralized charging and on-site battery swapping, reducing the energy costs associated with long-distance round trips for charging and swapping of batteries by the loaders.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery swapping technology for engineering machinery, and in particular to a distributed battery swapping system and method for loaders. Background Technology

[0002] In decentralized operation scenarios, battery swapping for construction machinery requires additional charging and swapping facilities or necessitates the machinery itself traveling to centralized charging and swapping stations for refueling. This significantly reduces convenience and continuous operation efficiency. For example, in scenarios where multiple electric loaders operate simultaneously and continuously in ports, docks, storage yards, and mixing plants (where a single material delivery or stockpile typically requires over 16 hours of continuous operation), the typical pure electric loader's operating range is 6-8 hours, while charging time is usually 1-2 hours. Therefore, when using non-battery-swapping electric loaders, backup machines are needed to address the insufficient continuous operating range of a single electric loader, leading to a substantial increase in the total investment cost of the loading equipment. (That is, in situations where two traditional fuel-powered loaders need to operate simultaneously, three electric loaders are typically required to rotate and achieve continuous operation.)

[0003] When using battery-swapping electric loaders in this type of operation, the same number of loaders as traditional fuel-powered loaders can be used to achieve rapid battery switching by increasing the number of batteries, thereby reducing the total number of spare electric loaders (e.g., 2 battery-swapping loaders equipped with 3 battery packs can operate in rotation, which is less than the cost of equipping 3 complete machines).

[0004] However, the battery swapping methods currently used in electric loaders mainly include forklift battery swapping, battery swapping structures integrated into the vehicle body, and large-scale battery swapping mechanical devices. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are as follows:

[0005] Forklift battery swapping: It is completed in two steps, unloading and loading, with low investment cost, but slow efficiency and relies on skilled professional forklift operators.

[0006] The vehicle body has its own battery swapping structure, which is completed in two steps: unloading and loading. The battery swapping efficiency is slow, and the vehicle body equipment structure is complex and prone to failure.

[0007] Large-scale battery swapping devices: Similar to the battery swapping method for heavy trucks, they are highly efficient but costly. For example, a battery swapping system for a heavy truck can easily cost over 1 million yuan, making them unsuitable for decentralized deployment.

[0008] Currently, the battery swapping methods mentioned above all suffer from low efficiency or high operating costs, which greatly limits the application and promotion of battery swapping loaders. Therefore, a more convenient and efficient distributed battery swapping system and method are needed to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a distributed battery swapping system and method for loaders, solving the technical problems of low efficiency and high cost in existing battery swapping methods. The distributed battery swapping system and method of this invention mainly address the issues of slow charging, difficult battery swapping, inability to operate continuously, and high and inflexible investment in supporting charging facilities for electric loaders operating in a decentralized manner.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0011] The loader distributed battery swapping system includes several battery swapping loaders, on-site battery swapping devices, battery transfer vehicles, and battery pack charging points. The on-site battery swapping devices are located next to the working area of ​​the battery swapping loaders. The on-site battery swapping devices are used to remove batteries that need to be charged from the battery swapping loaders for storage and to replace fully charged batteries on the battery swapping loaders. The battery transfer vehicles are used to transport fully charged batteries to the on-site battery swapping devices and to transport batteries that need to be charged from the on-site battery swapping devices to the battery pack charging points for charging.

[0012] The on-site battery swapping device includes a battery swapping support frame and a battery swapping moving mechanism;

[0013] The battery swapping mobile mechanism includes a first mobile frame, a second mobile frame, and two winches.

[0014] Furthermore, the battery swapping support frame is located near the working area of ​​the battery swapping loader. A first guide rail is provided at the top of the battery swapping support frame, and battery placement racks are provided on the left and right sides of the battery swapping support frame. A first guide wheel is provided at the lower end of the battery swapping moving mechanism. The first guide wheel is mounted on the first guide rail and can roll on the first guide rail.

[0015] Furthermore, the first movable frame is provided with a second guide rail, and an I-shaped connecting rod is provided between the second guide rails. The second movable frame passes through the first movable frame. The two ends of the second movable frame are respectively provided with second guide rail wheels. The second guide rail wheels are mounted on the second guide rails and can roll on the second guide rails. The winch is respectively connected to the two ends of the second movable frame.

[0016] Furthermore, the first movable frame has a first rectangular box with an opening at the bottom on both sides below. The first guide wheels are respectively located at both ends inside the first rectangular box. A first motor is located at one end outside the first rectangular box. The output end of the first motor is connected to a first gear. The first gear is meshed with a second gear. The second gear is connected to the central shaft of the first guide wheel.

[0017] Furthermore, a first auxiliary connecting frame is provided on one side of the first rectangular box. The upper end of the first auxiliary connecting frame is connected to the first movable frame, and the lower end of the first auxiliary connecting frame is connected to a first auxiliary wheel. The first auxiliary wheel is located on the top of the first guide rail.

[0018] Furthermore, the second movable frame is provided with a second rectangular box with an opening at the bottom at both ends, the second guide wheel is provided at both ends inside the second rectangular box, a second motor is provided at one end outside the second rectangular box, the output end of the second motor is connected to a third gear, the third gear is meshed with a fourth gear, and the fourth gear is connected to the central shaft of the second guide wheel.

[0019] Furthermore, a second auxiliary connecting frame is provided in the middle part of the second movable frame, and a second auxiliary wheel is connected to the lower end of the second auxiliary connecting frame. The second auxiliary wheel is located at the top of the I-shaped connecting rod.

[0020] Furthermore, a winch connecting frame and a battery limiting frame are respectively provided on both ends of the second movable frame. The winch connecting frame is located inside the battery limiting frame, and the winch is connected to the winch connecting frame. Guide sleeves are respectively provided below the winch and are connected to the winch connecting frame. Guide rods are provided on the guide sleeves, one end of the guide rods is connected to the battery moving mechanism, and one end of the winch rope is connected to the battery moving mechanism.

[0021] Furthermore, the battery moving mechanism includes two rod sleeves connected by a connecting rod. A cover plate is provided at the top and bottom of each rod sleeve. The guide rod is connected to the bottom cover plate. A rope connector is provided in the middle of the bottom cover plate. The winch's rope is connected to the rope connector. Electric telescopic rods are provided on both sides of the rope connector. One end of each electric telescopic rod passes through the connecting rod and is connected to a connecting plate. Connecting sleeve rods are connected to both ends of the connecting plate and are located inside the rod sleeve.

[0022] The distributed battery swapping method for loaders includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 1, Set up the on-site power swapping device

[0024] The on-site battery swapping device is set up at the work site to enable battery swapping for the battery swapping loader at the work site;

[0025] The on-site battery swapping device only replaces batteries and does not charge them. It only enables the exchange between batteries with power and batteries without power, including the swapping of batteries on the battery swapping loader and batteries on the battery transfer vehicle.

[0026] Step 2, battery swapping at the work site

[0027] Step 2.1: The battery-swapping loader performs battery swapping.

[0028] After the battery of the battery-swapping loader is depleted, it is moved to the battery-swapping site to replace the battery with a fully charged one. The battery-swapping site then waits for the battery transport vehicle to deliver a fully charged battery for replacement.

[0029] Step 2.2, Battery swapping using the battery transfer vehicle

[0030] The battery transfer vehicle will transport the fully charged battery from the battery pack charging point to the on-site battery swapping device to replace the depleted battery. The on-site battery swapping device will then wait for the battery swapping loader to run out of power before replacing the battery.

[0031] Step 3: Battery transportation from the on-site battery swapping device to the battery pack charging point.

[0032] Step 3.1: The battery transfer vehicle will transport the depleted batteries removed from the on-site battery swapping device to the battery pack charging point to replace them with fully charged batteries. After that, the battery transfer vehicle will transport the fully charged batteries back to the on-site battery swapping device.

[0033] Step 3.2, Battery charging

[0034] The batteries that are removed from the battery transfer vehicle are charged at the battery pack charging point, changing from a state of no power to a state of full power. Once fully charged, the batteries wait for the battery transfer vehicle to transport the batteries that were no power to be replaced.

[0035] Furthermore, step 2.1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0036] Step 2.1.1: After the battery of the battery swapping loader is depleted, move it to the lower part of the middle of the battery swapping device on site, move the first moving frame of the battery swapping moving mechanism to move the battery swapping moving mechanism above the battery, and then move the second moving frame so that the battery moving mechanism on the moving frame moves to directly above the battery to be charged and the fully charged battery respectively.

[0037] Step 2.1.2: The rope is lowered simultaneously by two winches. The guide rod moves downward with the rope until the battery moving mechanism at one end of the guide rod contacts the top of the battery. The electric telescopic rods of the two battery moving mechanisms extend, so that the connecting sleeve rod extends outward from the sleeve. Then the two winches simultaneously wind up the rope, so that the connecting sleeve rod contacts the battery frame. The winches continue to wind up the rope, so that the two batteries move upward simultaneously.

[0038] Step 2.1.3: Drive the first moving frame with the first motor to move it to one side of the battery swapping support frame until the battery to be charged is directly above the battery placement rack and the fully charged battery is directly above the battery swapping loader. Then, both winches simultaneously lower the ropes, and the guide rod moves downward with the ropes until the battery to be charged is placed on the battery placement rack and the fully charged battery is placed on the battery swapping loader. Then, the electric telescopic rod of the battery moving mechanism retracts, the winches wind up the ropes, and the battery moving mechanism moves upward with them, completing the battery swapping loader's battery swapping operation.

[0039] Furthermore, step 2.2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0040] Step 2.2.1: The battery transport vehicle transports the fully charged battery to the battery moving mechanism of the on-site battery swapping device. Two winches simultaneously lower the rope, and the guide rod moves downward with the rope until the battery moving mechanism at one end of the guide rod contacts the top of the battery. The electric telescopic rods of the two battery moving mechanisms extend, so that the connecting sleeve extends outward from the sleeve. Then, the two winches simultaneously wind up the rope, so that the connecting sleeve contacts the battery frame. The winches continue to wind up the rope, so that the two batteries move upward simultaneously.

[0041] Step 2.2.2: Drive the first moving frame to move to the other side of the battery swapping support frame using the first motor until the fully charged battery is directly above the battery placement rack and the battery to be charged is directly above the battery transfer cart. Then, both winches simultaneously lower the ropes, and the guide rod moves downward with the ropes until the fully charged battery is placed on the battery placement rack and the battery to be charged is placed on the battery transfer cart. Next, the electric telescopic rod of the battery moving mechanism retracts, the winches wind up the ropes, and the battery moving mechanism moves upward. After the battery transfer cart has completed the battery swapping, it transports the battery to be charged to the battery pack charging point for charging.

[0042] The present invention, by adopting the above-described technical solution, has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] The battery swapping system of this invention improves battery swapping efficiency by designing on-site battery swapping devices near the working area of ​​the battery swapping loader, ensuring continuous operation of the battery swapping loader and reducing the cost of decentralized charging. Furthermore, by transporting the batteries to be charged to the battery pack charging point for charging, the system achieves coordinated operation between centralized charging and on-site battery swapping, simplifies on-site management, and reduces the energy efficiency cost of the loader traveling long distances for charging and swapping. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the battery swapping system of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the on-site battery swapping device of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the battery swapping support frame of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first movable frame and the second movable frame of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the battery moving mechanism of the present invention.

[0049] In the attached diagram, 1-battery swapping loader, 2-on-site battery swapping device, 21-battery swapping support frame, 22-battery swapping moving mechanism, 201-second rectangular box, 202-second motor, 203-second auxiliary connecting frame, 204-second auxiliary wheel, 205-I-shaped connecting rod, 206-winner connecting frame, 207-battery moving mechanism, 208-battery limiting frame, 209-guide rod, 210-rod sleeve, 211-connecting rod, 212-cover plate, 213-rope connector, 214-electric extension 215-Connecting plate, 216-Connecting sleeve rod, 221-First moving frame, 222-Second moving frame, 223-Two winches, 224-Second guide rail, 225-Second guide rail wheel, 226-First rectangular box, 227-First motor, 228-First auxiliary connecting frame, 229-First auxiliary wheel, 23-First guide rail, 24-First guide rail wheel, 25-Battery placement rack, 3-Battery transfer cart, 4-Battery pack charging point, 5-Battery to be charged, 6-Fully charged battery. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, it should be noted that many details listed in the specification are merely to provide the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, and these aspects of the invention can be implemented even without these specific details.

[0051] like Figure 1-2As shown, the distributed battery swapping system and method for loaders includes several battery swapping loaders 1, on-site battery swapping devices 2, battery transfer vehicles 3, and battery pack charging points 4. The on-site battery swapping devices 2 are located next to the working area of ​​the battery swapping loaders 1. The on-site battery swapping devices are placed next to the working location of the battery swapping loaders without affecting their operation. The on-site battery swapping devices 2 are used to remove and store the batteries 5 that need to be charged from the battery swapping loaders 1, and to replace the fully charged batteries 6 on the battery swapping loaders 1. The battery transfer vehicles 3 are used to transport the fully charged batteries 6 to the on-site battery swapping devices 2, and to transport the batteries 5 that need to be charged from the on-site battery swapping devices 2 to the battery pack charging points 4 for charging. One battery pack charging point 4 can be equipped with several battery swapping points. For example, on-site battery swapping devices can be set up in multiple locations, and the batteries of these on-site battery swapping devices are all charged at a charging point. The battery swapping system of this invention improves battery swapping efficiency and ensures continuous operation of the battery swapping loader by designing on-site battery swapping devices near the working area of ​​the battery swapping loader, thereby reducing investment costs. Furthermore, by transporting the batteries to be charged to the battery pack charging point, it achieves coordinated operation between centralized charging and on-site battery swapping, simplifying on-site management and reducing the energy efficiency costs of long-distance round trips for charging and swapping the batteries. The battery swapping loader is an existing device with a removable battery at the rear; the battery transport vehicle and battery pack charging point are also existing equipment and will not be described again here.

[0052] like Figure 2-3 As shown, the on-site battery swapping device 2 includes a battery swapping support frame 21 and a battery swapping moving mechanism 22. The battery swapping support frame 21 is located near the working area of ​​the battery swapping loader 1 and is designed to be detachable for easy disassembly and installation. A first guide rail 23 is provided at the top of the battery swapping support frame 21, and battery placement racks 25 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the battery swapping support frame 21. A first guide wheel 24 is provided at the lower end of the battery swapping moving mechanism 22. The first guide wheel 24 is mounted on the first guide rail 23 and can roll on the first guide rail 23. When the battery swapping loader 1 comes to swap batteries, ensuring that there is a fully charged battery 6 on the battery swapping support frame 21, the battery swapping moving mechanism 22 removes the battery to be charged from the battery swapping loader 1 and places it on the battery placement rack 25, while simultaneously placing the fully charged battery 6 on the battery swapping loader 1.

[0053] like Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the battery swapping moving mechanism 22 includes a first moving frame 221, a second moving frame 222, and two winches 223. The first moving frame 221 is respectively provided with second guide rails 224 (which can be I-shaped connecting rods). I-shaped connecting rods 205 are provided between the second guide rails 224. The second moving frame 222 passes through the first moving frame 221. Second guide wheels 225 are respectively provided at both ends of the second moving frame 222. The second guide wheels 225 are mounted on the second guide rails 224 and can roll on the second guide rails 224. The rolling of the second guide wheels 225 on the second guide rails 224 allows the battery swapping moving mechanism 22 to accurately pick up or place batteries. The winches 223 are respectively connected to both ends of the second moving frame 222. The winches 223 are used for lifting and lowering batteries. The winches 223 are existing winches and will not be described in detail here. The first movable frame 221 has a first rectangular box 226 with an open bottom on both sides below. The first guide wheel 24 is respectively located at both ends inside the first rectangular box 226. The first rectangular box 226 can protect the first guide wheel 24 and extend its service life. A first motor 227 is provided at one end of the outer side of the first rectangular box 226. The first motor 227 is an existing motor and will not be described in detail here. The output end of the first motor 227 is connected to a first gear (not shown in the figure). The first gear meshes with a second gear (not shown in the figure). The second gear is connected to the central shaft of the first guide wheel 24. The first motor 227 drives the first gear to rotate, which in turn drives the second gear to rotate, thereby causing the first guide wheel 24 to roll on the first guide rail 23 at the top of the battery swapping support frame 21, and thus causing the battery swapping moving mechanism 22 to move on the battery swapping support frame 21. A first auxiliary connecting frame 228 is provided on one side of the first rectangular box 226. The upper end of the first auxiliary connecting frame 228 is connected to the first movable frame 221. The lower end of the first auxiliary connecting frame 228 is connected to a first auxiliary wheel 229. The first auxiliary wheel 229 is located on the top of the first guide rail 23 and is in contact with the top of the first guide rail 23. When the battery swapping moving mechanism 22 moves on the battery swapping support frame 21, the first auxiliary wheel 229 rolls on the top of the first guide rail 23.

[0054] In an embodiment of the present invention, the second movable frame 222 is provided with a second rectangular box 201 with an open bottom at both ends. The second guide wheel 225 is respectively provided at both ends inside the second rectangular box 201. The second rectangular box 201 serves to protect the second guide wheel 225. A second motor 202 is provided at one end of the outer side of the second rectangular box 201. The second motor 202 is a conventional motor and will not be described in detail here. The output end of the second motor 202 is connected to a third gear (not shown in the figure). The third gear meshes with a fourth gear (not shown in the figure). The fourth gear is connected to the central shaft of the second guide wheel 225. The second motor 202 drives the third gear to rotate, which in turn drives the fourth gear to rotate, thereby causing the second guide wheel 225 to roll on the second guide rail 224 of the first movable frame 221, and thus causing the second movable frame 222 to move on the first movable frame 221. The second movable frame 222 is provided with a second auxiliary connecting frame 203 in the middle part. The second auxiliary connecting frame 203 is connected to the second movable frame 222. The lower end of the second auxiliary connecting frame 203 is connected to a second auxiliary wheel 204. The second auxiliary wheel 204 is disposed on the top of the I-shaped connecting rod 205. The second auxiliary wheel 204 is in contact with the top of the I-shaped connecting rod 205. When the second movable frame 222 moves on the first movable frame 221, the second auxiliary wheel 204 rolls on the top of the I-shaped connecting rod 205.

[0055] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, a winch connecting frame 206 and a battery limiting frame 208 are respectively provided at both ends of the second movable frame 222. The winch connecting frame 206 is located inside the battery limiting frame 208, and the battery limiting frame 208 restricts the battery from rising further. The winch 223 is connected to the winch connecting frame 206. Guide sleeves (not shown in the figure) are respectively provided below the winch 223 and are respectively connected to the winch connecting frame 206. A guide rod 209 is provided inside the guide sleeve, and a limiting plate is provided at the upper end of the guide rod 209. One end of the guide rod 209 is connected to the battery moving mechanism 207, and one end of the rope of the winch 223 is connected to the battery moving mechanism 207. During operation, the winch 223 winds up and unwinds the rope, the guide rod 209 moves up and down on the guide sleeve, and the battery moving mechanism 207 moves up and down accordingly, thereby picking up and putting down the battery.

[0056] like Figure 5As shown, the battery moving mechanism 207 includes two rod sleeves 210, each a hollow rod open at both ends. The two rod sleeves 210 are connected by a connecting rod 211, one end of which has a through hole. Cover plates 212 are provided at the top and bottom of each of the two rod sleeves 210. The guide rod 209 passes through the top cover plate 212 and is connected to the bottom cover plate 212. A rope connector 213 is provided in the middle of the bottom cover plate 212. The winch 223... The rope is connected to the rope connector 213. Electric telescopic rods 214 are respectively provided on both sides of the rope connector 213. The electric telescopic rods 214 are connected to the rope connector 213 via electric telescopic rod brackets. One end of the electric telescopic rod 214 passes through a through hole through the connecting rod 211, and a connecting plate 215 is connected to one end of the electric telescopic rod 214. Connecting sleeve rods 216 are respectively connected to both ends of the connecting plate 215, and the connecting sleeve rods 216 are disposed inside the rod sleeve 210. The extension and retraction of the electric telescopic rods 214 drives the connecting plate 215 to move, causing the connecting plate 215 to cause the connecting sleeve rods 216 to extend outside or retract inside the rod sleeve 210.

[0057] The distributed battery swapping method for loaders includes the following steps:

[0058] Step 1, Set up the on-site power swapping device

[0059] The on-site battery swapping device is set up at the work site to enable battery swapping for the battery swapping loader at the work site;

[0060] The on-site battery swapping device only replaces batteries and does not charge them. It only enables the exchange of batteries with power to batteries without power, including the swapping of batteries on the battery swapping loader and the battery transfer vehicle.

[0061] Step 2, battery swapping at the work site

[0062] Step 2.1: The battery-swapping loader performs battery swapping.

[0063] After the battery of the battery-swapping loader is depleted, it is moved to the battery-swapping site to replace the battery with a fully charged one. The battery-swapping site then waits for the battery transport vehicle to deliver a fully charged battery for replacement.

[0064] The battery swapping process for a battery-swapping loader includes the following steps:

[0065] Step 2.1.1: After the battery of the battery swapping loader is depleted, move it to the lower part of the middle of the battery swapping device on site, move the first moving frame of the battery swapping moving mechanism to move the battery swapping moving mechanism above the battery, and then move the second moving frame so that the battery moving mechanism on the moving frame moves to directly above the battery to be charged and the fully charged battery respectively.

[0066] Step 2.1.2: The rope is lowered simultaneously by two winches. The guide rod moves downward with the rope until the battery moving mechanism at one end of the guide rod contacts the top of the battery. The electric telescopic rods of the two battery moving mechanisms extend, so that the connecting sleeve rod extends outward from the sleeve. Then the two winches simultaneously wind up the rope, so that the connecting sleeve rod contacts the battery frame. The winches continue to wind up the rope, so that the two batteries move upward simultaneously.

[0067] Step 2.1.3: Drive the first moving frame with the first motor to move it to one side of the battery swapping support frame until the battery to be charged is directly above the battery placement rack and the fully charged battery is directly above the battery swapping loader. Then, both winches simultaneously lower the ropes, and the guide rod moves downward with the ropes until the battery to be charged is placed on the battery placement rack and the fully charged battery is placed on the battery swapping loader. Then, the electric telescopic rod of the battery moving mechanism retracts, the winches wind up the ropes, and the battery moving mechanism moves upward with them, completing the battery swapping loader's battery swapping operation.

[0068] Step 2.2, Battery swapping using the battery transfer vehicle

[0069] The battery transfer vehicle will transport the fully charged battery from the battery pack charging point to the on-site battery swapping device to replace the depleted battery. The on-site battery swapping device will then wait for the battery swapping loader to run out of power before replacing the battery.

[0070] The battery swapping process for the battery transport vehicle includes the following steps:

[0071] Step 2.2.1: The battery transport vehicle transports the fully charged battery to the battery moving mechanism of the on-site battery swapping device. Two winches simultaneously lower the rope, and the guide rod moves downward with the rope until the battery moving mechanism at one end of the guide rod contacts the top of the battery. The electric telescopic rods of the two battery moving mechanisms extend, so that the connecting sleeve extends outward from the sleeve. Then, the two winches simultaneously wind up the rope, so that the connecting sleeve contacts the battery frame. The winches continue to wind up the rope, so that the two batteries move upward simultaneously.

[0072] Step 2.2.2: Drive the first moving frame to move to the other side of the battery swapping support frame using the first motor until the fully charged battery is directly above the battery placement rack and the battery to be charged is directly above the battery transfer cart. Then, both winches simultaneously lower the ropes, and the guide rod moves downward with the ropes until the fully charged battery is placed on the battery placement rack and the battery to be charged is placed on the battery transfer cart. Next, the electric telescopic rod of the battery moving mechanism retracts, the winches wind up the ropes, and the battery moving mechanism moves upward. After the battery transfer cart has completed the battery swapping, it transports the battery to be charged to the battery pack charging point for charging.

[0073] Step 3: Battery transportation from the on-site battery swapping device to the battery pack charging point.

[0074] Step 3.1: The battery transfer vehicle will transport the depleted batteries removed from the on-site battery swapping device to the battery pack charging point to replace them with fully charged batteries. After that, the battery transfer vehicle will transport the fully charged batteries back to the on-site battery swapping device.

[0075] Step 3.2, Battery charging

[0076] The batteries that are removed from the battery transfer vehicle are charged at the battery pack charging point, changing from a state of no power to a state of full power. Once fully charged, the batteries wait for the battery transfer vehicle to transport the batteries that were no power to be replaced.

[0077] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed battery swapping system for loaders, characterized in that: It includes several battery swapping loaders (1), on-site battery swapping devices (2), battery transfer vehicles (3) and battery pack charging points (4). The on-site battery swapping devices (2) are set up next to the working area of ​​the battery swapping loaders (1). The on-site battery swapping devices (2) are used to remove the batteries (5) to be charged from the battery swapping loaders (1) and store them, and replace the fully charged batteries (6) on the battery swapping loaders (1). The battery transfer vehicles (3) are used to transport the fully charged batteries (6) to the on-site battery swapping devices (2) and transport the batteries (5) to be charged from the on-site battery swapping devices (2) to the battery pack charging points (4) for charging. The on-site battery swapping device (2) includes a battery swapping support frame (21) and a battery swapping moving mechanism (22); the battery swapping support frame (21) is located near the working area of ​​the battery swapping loader (1), the top of the battery swapping support frame (21) is provided with a first guide rail (23), the left and right sides of the battery swapping support frame (21) are respectively provided with battery placement racks (25), the lower end of the battery swapping moving mechanism (22) is respectively provided with a first guide rail wheel (24), the first guide rail wheel (24) is located on the first guide rail (23), and the first guide rail wheel (24) can roll on the first guide rail (23); The battery swapping moving mechanism (22) includes a first moving frame (221), a second moving frame (222), and two winches (223). The first moving frame (221) is provided with a second guide rail (224), and an I-shaped connecting rod (205) is provided between the second guide rails (224). The second moving frame (222) passes through the first moving frame (221). The two ends of the second moving frame (222) are provided with second guide wheels (225). The second guide wheels (225) are provided on the second guide rails (224) and can roll on the second guide rails (224). The winches (223) are respectively connected to the two ends of the second moving frame (222).

2. The loader distributed battery swapping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first movable frame (221) has a first rectangular box (226) with an opening at the bottom on both sides below. The first guide wheel (24) is respectively located at both ends inside the first rectangular box (226). A first motor (227) is located at one end outside the first rectangular box (226). The output end of the first motor (227) is connected to a first gear. The first gear is meshed with a second gear. The second gear is connected to the central shaft of the first guide wheel (24).

3. The loader distributed battery swapping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second movable frame (222) has a second rectangular box (201) with an opening at the bottom at both ends. The second guide wheel (225) is located at both ends inside the second rectangular box (201). A second motor (202) is located at one end outside the second rectangular box (201). The output end of the second motor (202) is connected to a third gear. The third gear is meshed with a fourth gear. The fourth gear is connected to the central shaft of the second guide wheel (225).

4. The loader distributed battery swapping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second movable frame (222) is provided with a winch connecting frame (206) and a battery limiting frame (208) at both ends. The winch connecting frame (206) is located inside the battery limiting frame (208). The winch (223) is connected to the winch connecting frame (206). A guide sleeve is provided below the winch (223) and is connected to the winch connecting frame (206). A guide rod (209) is provided on the guide sleeve. One end of the guide rod (209) is connected to the battery moving mechanism (207). One end of the rope of the winch (223) is connected to the battery moving mechanism (207).

5. The loader distributed battery swapping system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery moving mechanism (207) includes two rod sleeves (210), which are connected by a connecting rod (211). The top and bottom ends of the two rod sleeves (210) are respectively provided with cover plates (212). The guide rod (209) is connected to the cover plate (212) at the bottom end. A rope connector (213) is provided in the middle of the cover plate (212) at the bottom end. The rope of the winch (223) is connected to the rope connector (213). Electric telescopic rods (214) are respectively provided on both sides of the rope connector (213). One end of the electric telescopic rod (214) passes through the connecting rod (211) and is connected to a connecting plate (215). The two ends of the connecting plate (215) are respectively connected to connecting sleeve rods (216). The connecting sleeve rods (216) are located inside the rod sleeves (210).

6. A distributed battery swapping method for loaders, comprising the distributed battery swapping system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1, Set up the on-site power swapping device The on-site battery swapping device is set up at the work site to enable battery swapping for the battery swapping loader at the work site; Step 2, battery swapping at the work site Step 2.1: The battery-swapping loader performs battery swapping. After the battery of the battery-swapping loader is depleted, it is moved to the on-site battery-swapping device to replace the fully charged battery. The on-site battery-swapping device then waits for the battery transport vehicle to deliver a fully charged battery for replacement. Step 2.2, Battery swapping using the battery transfer vehicle The battery transfer vehicle will transport the fully charged battery from the battery pack charging point to the on-site battery swapping device to replace the depleted battery. The on-site battery swapping device will then wait for the battery swapping loader to run out of power before replacing the battery. Step 3: Battery transportation from the on-site battery swapping device to the battery pack charging point. Step 3.1: The battery transfer vehicle will transport the depleted batteries removed from the on-site battery swapping device to the battery pack charging point to replace them with fully charged batteries. After that, the battery transfer vehicle will transport the fully charged batteries back to the on-site battery swapping device. Step 3.2, Battery charging The batteries that are removed from the battery transfer vehicle are charged at the battery pack charging point, changing from a state of no power to a state of full power. Once fully charged, the batteries wait for the battery transfer vehicle to transport the batteries that were no power to be replaced.

7. The distributed battery swapping method for loaders according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step 2.1, battery swapping, specifically includes the following steps: Step 2.1.1: After the battery of the battery swapping loader is depleted, move it to the lower part of the middle of the battery swapping device on site, move the first moving frame of the battery swapping moving mechanism to move the battery swapping moving mechanism above the battery, and then move the second moving frame so that the battery moving mechanism on the moving frame moves to directly above the battery to be charged and the fully charged battery respectively. Step 2.1.2: The rope is lowered simultaneously by two winches. The guide rod moves downward with the rope until the battery moving mechanism at one end of the guide rod contacts the top of the battery. The electric telescopic rods of the two battery moving mechanisms extend, so that the connecting sleeve rod extends outward from the sleeve. Then the two winches simultaneously wind up the rope, so that the connecting sleeve rod contacts the battery frame. The winches continue to wind up the rope, so that the two batteries move upward simultaneously. Step 2.1.3: Drive the first moving frame with the first motor to move it to one side of the battery swapping support frame until the battery to be charged is directly above the battery placement rack and the fully charged battery is directly above the battery swapping loader. Then, both winches simultaneously lower the ropes, and the guide rod moves downward with the ropes until the battery to be charged is placed on the battery placement rack and the fully charged battery is placed on the battery swapping loader. Then, the electric telescopic rod of the battery moving mechanism retracts, the winches wind up the ropes, and the battery moving mechanism moves upward with them, completing the battery swapping loader's battery swapping operation.

8. The distributed battery swapping method for loaders according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step 2.2, battery swapping, specifically includes the following steps: Step 2.2.1: The battery transport vehicle transports the fully charged battery to the battery moving mechanism of the on-site battery swapping device. Two winches simultaneously lower the rope, and the guide rod moves downward with the rope until the battery moving mechanism at one end of the guide rod contacts the top of the battery. The electric telescopic rods of the two battery moving mechanisms extend, so that the connecting sleeve extends outward from the sleeve. Then, the two winches simultaneously wind up the rope, so that the connecting sleeve contacts the battery frame. The winches continue to wind up the rope, so that the two batteries move upward simultaneously. Step 2.2.2: Drive the first moving frame to move to the other side of the battery swapping support frame using the first motor until the fully charged battery is directly above the battery placement rack and the battery to be charged is directly above the battery transfer cart. Then, both winches simultaneously lower the ropes, and the guide rod moves downward with the ropes until the fully charged battery is placed on the battery placement rack and the battery to be charged is placed on the battery transfer cart. Next, the electric telescopic rod of the battery moving mechanism retracts, the winches wind up the ropes, and the battery moving mechanism moves upward. After the battery transfer cart has completed the battery swapping, it transports the battery to be charged to the battery pack charging point for charging.

Images