A trailer-based telescopic belt conveyor and its tractor

Abstract

This invention proposes a trailer-based telescopic belt conveyor and its tractor, belonging to the field of concrete conveying. The belt conveyor includes a turntable and a placing boom. The placing boom is a three-section, nested, telescopic boom structure, consisting of a base boom, an intermediate boom, and a front boom, each equipped with a placing belt. Each placing belt is tensioned by a redirecting roller and a drive roller at its ends, respectively, each independently controlled by its respective drive roller. The base of the drive roller is slidably mounted on the placing boom, and a hydraulic drive component is installed on the side of the drive roller not wrapped with the placing belt. When the placing belt is stretched and slips, the hydraulic drive component controls the drive roller to continue moving outward along the tail end of each boom section, compensating for belt tension. This invention integrates the telescopic belt conveyor onto a semi-trailer chassis that meets road standards through a modular trailer structure design, and adds intelligent monitoring to control belt slippage through multiple placing belt sections working together.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete conveying technology, and more specifically, to a trailer-based telescopic belt conveyor and its tractor. Background Technology

[0002] In water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction, the pouring of large-volume concrete is a crucial step, directly impacting the project's progress and quality. Currently, the main concrete conveying equipment used in China includes concrete pump trucks and belt conveyors. While these devices meet construction needs to some extent, they still have limitations. For example, concrete pump trucks have relatively low conveying efficiency and can only transport concrete aggregates with small particle sizes; while traditional belt conveyors, such as truck chassis belt conveyors, off-road chassis belt conveyors, and tracked tower belt conveyors, although capable of conveying large-diameter aggregates at high speeds, have relatively high construction and operating costs, and the fact that they are off-road equipment increases transportation and dismantling costs.

[0003] With the increasing demand for national infrastructure construction, the need for belt conveyors in mega-water conservancy projects such as the Three Gorges Dam and Baihetan Hydropower Station is becoming increasingly apparent. These projects place higher demands on the performance of belt conveyors, including higher conveying efficiency, longer conveying distances, lower operating costs, and better environmental adaptability. However, existing belt conveyor equipment has some shortcomings in design and function. For example, the boom is mostly made of aluminum alloy, resulting in high overall vehicle manufacturing costs; the conveying distance is limited by the chassis, with a maximum conveying distance of only 38 meters; off-road chassis tire belt conveyors and tracked tower belt conveyors are non-road mobile machinery, only suitable for short-distance relocation operations and unsuitable for long-distance transportation, resulting in high overall machine costs and poor overall stability; in addition, all tire belt conveyors currently on the market are engine-driven, resulting in high emissions, significant environmental pollution, and high fuel costs.

[0004] Telescopic belt conveyors are widely used in concrete conveying. Their booms employ a multi-section structure for telescopic operation, with each section corresponding to a conveyor belt. To save headroom, current technology generally uses a tail-drive system. This design presents several problems: the load-bearing section is located above the belt, requiring the tail drive to continuously pull the entire unloaded belt, resulting in the belt being under constant tension, which can cause permanent deformation and slippage in the rubber material. Traditional monitoring methods rely on mechanical sensors, but splashes in concrete conditions can easily damage these sensors, leading to low reliability. Furthermore, current technology only addresses slippage in a single section, neglecting the issue of coordination imbalance between multiple sections. When slippage in a single section causes a mismatch between input and output speeds (e.g., the feed rate exceeds the discharge rate), concrete accumulates and splashes on the belt, resulting in material waste and pollution. Currently, there is no effective solution to simultaneously address both belt tension loss and coordination control issues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a trailer-based telescopic belt conveyor and its tractor, which intelligently controls the slippage of the placing belt of a multi-section placing boom, and solves the problem of unbalanced coordination of the placing belt corresponding to the multi-section placing boom when the telescopic belt conveyor is transporting concrete.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention discloses, in one aspect, a trailer-based telescopic belt conveyor, including...

[0008] A turntable is mounted on a trailer and installed on the rear end of the trailer frame via a slewing bearing.

[0009] The fabric boom is a three-section, telescopic, nested boom structure, consisting of a base boom, an intermediate boom, and a forearm. One end of the base boom is rotatably fixed to the top of the turntable via a pin, and a lifting cylinder is installed between the lower surface of the base boom and the turntable. The other end of the base boom's lower surface is supported by a column fixed to the front end of the trailer frame. The intermediate boom and the forearm are telescopically housed within the base boom and the intermediate boom, respectively. Each of the base boom, intermediate boom, and forearm is equipped with a fabric conveyor belt at its upper part. Each fabric... The beginning and end of the material belt are tensioned by a redirecting roller and a drive roller, respectively, and each is independently controlled by the drive roller at its respective end. Each material belt is supported by several idlers along its length. The base of the drive roller is slidably mounted on the fabric boom, and a hydraulic drive is installed on the side of the drive roller that is not wrapped with the fabric belt. When the fabric belt is stretched and slips, the hydraulic drive controls the drive roller to continue moving outward along the tail end of each section of the fabric boom to compensate for the tension of the fabric belt.

[0010] The feeding system is located above the fabric boom, with one end connected to the turntable via a pin and the other end equipped with casters;

[0011] The trailer is also equipped with a hydraulic system and an electronic control system for driving the turntable to rotate, feeding the material system, tilting the boom, and extending the boom. Both the hydraulic system and the electronic control system are powered by a power battery pack.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control of the extension and retraction of the fabric boom includes fabric belt slippage monitoring, and the control process is as follows:

[0013] Monitoring equipment is deployed, with an optical distance sensor installed at the very front end of each section of the fabric conveyor belt to monitor the linear velocity of the fabric conveyor belt in real time. The number of sections of the fabric boom is set to n. The optical distance sensor and the hydraulic drive components are electrically connected to the electronic control system.

[0014] Set the baseline parameters and preset the design value of the linear velocity of each section of the fabric belt. and allowable deviation threshold Set the single compensation stroke of the hydraulic drive component. and cumulative compensation amount Cumulative compensation amount of hydraulic drive components The actual elongation ΔL of the fabric belt is related to the actual elongation of the fabric belt. A threshold value for the fabric belt elongation is set as follows: ;

[0015] Real-time monitoring and acquisition of the linear velocity of each section of the fabric conveyor belt The single-section slippage deviation is calculated by the electronic control system. Inter-segment coordination deviation Let i and j be any two sections of fabric belt, when or At that time, it is determined that the corresponding fabric belt has slipped;

[0016] Dynamic, graded supplementary control is implemented based on the severity of slippage, with a three-level response:

[0017] Level 1 response is slight slippage, when ≤0.5 and At this time, only an alarm is triggered, without compensation;

[0018] Level 2 response indicates significant slippage. ≤ or ≤ At that time, the hydraulic drive component of the corresponding section is activated to perform a single compensation stroke. The initial stroke of the hydraulic drive component of the corresponding section is set as follows: Update the cumulative compensation amount once. = + ;

[0019] A Level 3 response indicates severe slippage. > or > When, if ΔL < If the hydraulic drive unit is activated to continuously execute k single compensation strokes and k≥2, the cumulative compensation amount is updated. =k + If ΔL≥ This triggers a shutdown alarm and marks the end of the lifespan of the corresponding section of the fabric belt, prompting a request to replace the corresponding section of the fabric belt.

[0020] More preferably, the control process for monitoring the slippage of the fabric belt further includes monitoring the cumulative compensation amount and providing a lifespan warning when the fabric belt is determined to be severely slipping, setting the design length L of the fabric belt, and the cumulative compensation amount of the hydraulic drive component. The actual elongation ΔL of the fabric belt is linearly related to the following: = ;

[0021] Set the fabric belt elongation threshold =1%L, real-time monitoring of the cumulative compensation amount of each fabric belt. Simultaneously calculate the actual elongation ΔL of the corresponding fabric belt. When ΔL ≥ 0.7%L, an early warning is issued indicating that the corresponding section of the fabric belt has aged; when ΔL ≥ If necessary, force a shutdown and lock the hydraulic system, then replace the fabric belt.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feeding system includes a feeding belt and a feeding boom. The feeding belt is supported by several rollers and tensioned on the feeding boom by a tensioning device. One end of the feeding boom is connected to the top of the turntable by a pin, and a discharge hopper is provided below it, directly opposite the fabric belt near the tail end of the base arm.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the trailer has a hydraulic support leg at the lower front end of the frame, which is flush with the bottom of the axle at the rear end of the trailer; the trailer also has a side guard plate and a rear guard plate, the rear guard plate is located at the rear end of the frame, and the side guard plates are located on both sides of the frame between the hydraulic support leg and the axle.

[0024] Another aspect of the present invention discloses a tractor vehicle, including a telescopic belt conveyor based on a trailer and a traction seat. The trailer frame has a traction interface at the bottom front end, and the trailer is fixed to the traction seat by the traction interface provided on the trailer through a traction pin.

[0025] In summary, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] This invention utilizes a modular trailer structure design to integrate a telescopic belt conveyor onto a road-compliant semi-trailer chassis. When towed by a tractor, it can travel directly on public roads. This modular design completely solves the industry pain point of disassembly and reassembly required for off-road equipment such as tracked tower conveyors during relocation, enabling rapid transfer between construction sites. Simultaneously, the versatility of the tractor supports flexible "one vehicle, multiple trailers" scheduling, significantly reducing equipment idle time and overall operating costs. The core principle of this invention's structural design lies in the decoupling of the mechanical-traction system, allowing the working device and the transport vehicle to be both independent and collaborative.

[0027] This invention relates to a telescopic belt conveyor with a three-section telescopic boom, each section equipped with a fabric belt and individually controlled by a drive roller, forming a three-section belt conveyor. Compared to traditional telescopic belt conveyors, this invention significantly reduces the number of idlers and redirecting rollers, simplifying the belt conveyor layout and facilitating installation. Furthermore, the overall belt conveyor layout is concentrated on the upper part of the boom, occupying less space in the vertical direction, thus reducing the boom's height dimensions and weight, further lowering structural component costs. Each section of the belt conveyor operates independently but simultaneously through program control, ensuring operational controllability. A detection device is also included; when a fault is detected in one section, the remaining sections of the belt stop working.

[0028] This invention uses an optical ranging sensor to monitor the linear velocity of the fabric conveyor belt in real time, and combines single-section deviation and inter-section cooperative deviation as two indicators to determine slippage. This dual-dimensional monitoring method can not only identify slippage caused by the belt's own elongation, but also prevent concrete flow imbalance caused by single-section slippage, avoiding waste caused by concrete accumulation and splashing. Dynamic graded supplementary control is implemented based on the severity of slippage, with three response levels: slight slippage, significant slippage, and severe slippage. Hydraulic drive components provide belt tension compensation, effectively solving the slippage problem caused by long-term belt stretching, extending belt life, and quantitatively assessing belt aging through cumulative compensation, setting up a safety protection mechanism. By setting a cumulative compensation stroke threshold, the aging degree of the belt is monitored in real time. When the cumulative compensation reaches a certain proportion, an early warning is issued indicating belt aging; when the threshold is reached, the machine is forcibly stopped and the hydraulic system is locked, prompting belt replacement, effectively avoiding safety hazards caused by excessive belt aging. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the trailer-based telescopic belt conveyor of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic belt conveyor of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the basic arm structure of the telescopic belt conveyor of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the intermediate arm structure of the telescopic belt conveyor of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the forearm structure of the telescopic belt conveyor of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic belt conveyor based on a trailer and its tractor vehicle according to the present invention.

[0035] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1-Tractor, 10-Tractor seat, 2-Trailer, 21-Frame, 22-Hydraulic support leg, 23-Axle, 24-Side guard plate, 25-Rear guard plate, 26-Column, 3-Telescopic belt conveyor, 30-Construction belt, 31-Construction boom, 311-Base boom, 312-Intermediate boom, 313-Front boom, 32-Idler roller, 33-Drive roller, 34-Redirecting roller, 4-Loading system, 41-Loading boom, 42-Loading belt, 43-Wheel caster, 5-Turntable, 50-Slewing bearing, 51-Lifting cylinder, 6-Power battery pack, 7-Electrical control system, 8-Hydraulic system. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments given herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may have other embodiments and variations thereof. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 6 This embodiment discloses a trailer-based telescopic belt conveyor 3, including...

[0039] Turntable 5 is mounted on trailer 2 and is installed on the rear end of the frame 21 of trailer 2 via slewing bearing 50;

[0040] The fabric boom 31 is a three-section, telescopic, nested boom structure, consisting of a base boom 311, an intermediate boom 312, and a front boom 313. One end of the base boom 311 is rotatably fixed to the top of the turntable 5 via a pin, and a lifting cylinder 51 is provided between the lower surface of the base boom 311 and the turntable 5. The lower surface of the other end of the base boom 311 is supported by a column 26 fixed to the front end of the frame 21 of the trailer 2. The intermediate boom 312 is telescopically disposed within the base boom 311, and the front boom is telescopically disposed within the intermediate boom 312. The upper part of the base boom 311, intermediate boom 312, and front boom 313 are all equipped with... There is a fabric belt 30. Each fabric belt 30 is tensioned by winding a redirecting roller 34 and a drive roller 33 at its two ends, respectively. Each is independently controlled by the drive roller 33 at its respective end. Each fabric belt 30 is supported by several idler rollers 32 along its length. The base of the drive roller is slidably mounted on the fabric boom 31. A hydraulic drive component (not shown in the figure) is installed on the side of the drive roller that is not wound with the fabric belt. When the fabric belt 30 is stretched and becomes slippery, the hydraulic drive component controls the drive roller 33 to continue moving outward along the tail end of each section of the fabric boom to compensate for the tension of the fabric belt 30.

[0041] The feeding system 4 is located above the fabric boom 31. One end of it is connected to the turntable 5 by a pin, and the other end is equipped with a caster wheel 43.

[0042] The trailer 2 is also equipped with a hydraulic system 8 and an electronic control system 7 that drives the turntable 5 to rotate, the feeding system 4 to supply material, the boom 31 to pitch, and the boom 31 to extend and retract. Both the hydraulic system 8 and the electronic control system 7 are powered by the power battery pack 6.

[0043] In this embodiment, the turntable 5 is an important structural component for mounting the fabric boom 31, and the turntable 5 can rotate on the trailer 2. The fabric boom 31 is hinged to the top of the turntable 5, and two lifting cylinders 51 are installed between the fabric boom 31 and the turntable 5. Under the action of the lifting cylinders 51, the fabric boom 31 can pitch.

[0044] The telescopic belt conveyor is designed with a three-section belt, with each section having its own corresponding boom for telescopic movement. Each section has a drive roller at the tail end, adopting a tail-drive method that is suitable for the belt conveyor structure, saves head space, is better suited for downward material transport, and facilitates the maintenance of the material conveyor belt of each boom section.

[0045] In specific implementation, the control of the extension and retraction of the fabric boom 31 includes the monitoring of slippage of the fabric belt 30, and the control process is as follows:

[0046] The monitoring equipment is arranged with the extension direction of the fabric boom 31 as the front end. An optical distance measuring sensor (not shown in the figure) is installed at the front end of each section of the fabric belt 30 to monitor the linear velocity of the fabric belt 30 in real time. The number of sections of the fabric boom is set to n. The optical distance measuring sensor and the hydraulic drive component (not shown in the figure) are electrically connected to the electronic control system 7.

[0047] Set the baseline parameters and preset the design value of the linear velocity of each section of the fabric belt 30. and allowable deviation threshold Set the single compensation stroke of the hydraulic drive component. and cumulative compensation amount Cumulative compensation amount of hydraulic drive components The actual elongation ΔL of the fabric belt is related to the actual elongation of the fabric belt. A threshold value for the fabric belt elongation is set as follows: ;

[0048] Real-time monitoring and acquisition of the linear velocity of each section of the fabric belt 30 The single-section slippage deviation is calculated by the electronic control system 7. Inter-segment coordination deviation Where i and j are any two sections of fabric belt 30, when or At that time, it is determined that the corresponding fabric belt 30 has slipped;

[0049] To address the issues of belt elongation and slippage caused by the tail drive of conveyor belts, and concrete waste resulting from multi-section imbalance, two indicators are introduced for slippage determination. The first indicator is single-section deviation, which uses an optical distance sensor to compare the measured speed with the design value in real time to identify the belt's own elongation. An abnormality indicates that the corresponding section of the conveyor belt is aging and needs compensation or replacement; the second indicator is the inter-section coordination deviation, which dynamically monitors the linear velocity difference of the three sections of the conveyor belt 30 corresponding to the base arm 311, intermediate arm 312, and forearm 313 in this embodiment, to prevent concrete flow imbalance caused by slippage of a single section. In case of anomalies, even if the severe slippage threshold is not reached, concrete accumulation and splashing can still be prevented, improving construction economy. This avoids the risk of missed detection by traditional single-dimensional detection methods and accurately distinguishes slippage types.

[0050] Dynamic, graded supplementary control is implemented based on the severity of slippage, with a three-level response:

[0051] Level 1 response is slight slippage, when ≤0.5 and At this time, only an alarm is triggered, without compensation;

[0052] Level 2 response indicates significant slippage. ≤ or ≤ At that time, the hydraulic drive component of the corresponding section is activated to perform a single compensation stroke. The initial stroke of the hydraulic drive component of the corresponding section is set as follows: Update the cumulative compensation amount once. = + ;

[0053] A Level 3 response indicates severe slippage. > or > When, if ΔL < If the hydraulic drive unit is activated to continuously execute k single compensation strokes and k≥2, the cumulative compensation amount is updated. =k + If ΔL≥ This triggers a shutdown alarm and marks the end of the lifespan of the corresponding section of the fabric belt, prompting a request to replace the corresponding section of the fabric belt.

[0054] More preferably, the control process for monitoring the slippage of the fabric belt further includes monitoring the cumulative compensation amount and providing a lifespan warning when the fabric belt is determined to be severely slipping, setting the design length L of the fabric belt, and the cumulative compensation amount of the hydraulic drive component. The actual elongation ΔL of the fabric belt is linearly related to the following: = ;

[0055] Set the fabric belt elongation threshold =1%L, real-time monitoring of the cumulative compensation amount of each fabric belt. Simultaneously calculate the actual elongation ΔL of the corresponding fabric belt. When ΔL ≥ 0.7%L, an early warning is issued indicating that the corresponding section of the fabric belt has aged; when ΔL ≥ When necessary, force the machine to stop and lock the hydraulic system 8, and replace the fabric belt 30.

[0056] This embodiment focuses on slippage monitoring and control for the three concrete conveyor belts 30 corresponding to the three sections of a telescopic boom: the base boom 311, the intermediate boom 312, and the forearm 313. Based on the structure, intelligent instruments are installed on the telescopic conveyor belt, employing optical distance sensors to prevent concrete splash damage, adapting to harsh working conditions, and ensuring reliable data acquisition. Simultaneously, to address concrete waste caused by slippage due to the elongation of the concrete conveyor belt 30 and speed mismatch between sections, a two-dimensional slippage judgment is implemented. Single-section deviation monitoring detects slippage caused by belt elongation, while inter-section coordinated deviation monitoring prevents concrete flow imbalances, such as feed speed exceeding discharge speed leading to splash waste. The severity of slippage is categorized, and compensation intensity is dynamically matched. The cumulative compensation amount quantitatively assesses the belt aging degree, and a safety protection mechanism with a stroke accumulation threshold is also implemented.

[0057] In specific implementation, the feeding system 4 includes a feeding belt 42 and a feeding boom 41. The feeding belt 42 is supported by several rollers 32 and tensioned on the feeding boom 41 by a tensioning device. One end of the feeding boom 41 is connected to the top of the turntable 5 by a pin, and a discharge hopper is provided below it, which is directly opposite the fabric belt 30 near the tail end of the base arm 311.

[0058] When the telescopic belt conveyor is working, the feeding belt 42 transfers the concrete and other fillers transported from outside to the placing belt 30. The material is unloaded and filled at the selected working point by adjusting the vertical inclination angle and rotating horizontally 360° on the placing belt 30. It has the advantages of large conveying capacity, high efficiency, and wide working space.

[0059] In specific implementation, the trailer 2 has a hydraulic support leg 22 at the lower front end of the frame 21, which is flush with the bottom of the axle 23 at the rear end of the trailer 2; the trailer 2 also has a side guard plate 24 and a rear guard plate 25, the rear guard plate 25 is located at the rear end of the frame 21, and the side guard plate 24 is located on both sides of the frame 21 between the hydraulic support leg 22 and the axle 23.

[0060] like Figure 6 As shown, another aspect of this embodiment discloses a tractor 1, including a telescopic belt conveyor based on a trailer and a traction seat 10. The trailer 2 has a traction interface at the bottom front end of its frame 21. The trailer 2 is fixed to the traction seat 10 by the traction interface provided on the trailer 2 through a traction pin.

[0061] This invention relates to a trailer-mounted telescopic belt conveyor and its tractor, comprising a tractor 1, an integrated charging and swapping power battery pack 6, an electronic control system 7, a hydraulic system 8, a trailer 2, a turntable 5, a fabric boom 31, a loading boom 41, a fabric conveyor belt 30, and a loading conveyor belt 42. The tractor 1 is a product manufactured by a professional automotive OEM, conforming to road driving and transportation regulations. After obtaining the corresponding certificate, it can be driven normally on the road. It is only used for towing the trailer 2 and for moving the trailer 2 between sites, and does not provide power to the working device on the trailer 2. The trailer 2 is the basic body supporting the entire working device. The design and manufacture of the trailer 2 are entirely in accordance with national semi-trailer standards. When the working device is not in operation, it meets the requirements for road driving and transportation. After obtaining the corresponding certificate, the trailer 2 can be driven normally on the road under the tractor 1. When the working device is in operation, the tractor 1 can be detached from the trailer 2 for other operations, while the working device on the trailer 2 can operate through an external power source and the power battery discharge. The tractor 1 is a very versatile product. There are a large number of tractors on the market that can be matched with the trailer 2 of this patent. In addition to the convenience of selection and calculation in design, the trailer 2 can also be flexibly selected during on-site construction, making it highly mobile.

[0062] The power battery assembly 6 consists of a battery pack, a battery mounting frame, a heat sink, etc. The power output from the power battery is processed by the electronic control system 7 and can be used to drive the power system of the working device. The power battery assembly 6 uses mature lithium iron phosphate cells as its power source. It is installed on the trailer 2, is rechargeable and swappable, and is usually used as a backup power source. In the event of a sudden power outage on site, it can be used temporarily to continue driving the working device, thus avoiding the adhesion of concrete on the belt over a long period of time and preventing other impacts after an emergency shutdown of the equipment. The power battery assembly 6 can also serve as the main power source, allowing the equipment to continue to be used on construction sites where an external power source is not available. Furthermore, the swappable nature of the power battery assembly 6 saves charging time in a short period of time and improves construction efficiency.

[0063] The electronic control system 7 controls the movement of the working device on the trailer 2, and also converts external power into power that can be directly used by the working device, as well as power from the power battery into power that can be directly used by the working device.

[0064] The hydraulic system 8 consists of a drive motor, hydraulic oil tank, hydraulic pump, valve group, hydraulic actuators, and hydraulic pipelines. These components of the hydraulic system 8 are integrated into a hydraulic pump station, which is compact in structure and easy to maintain. The hydraulic circuits of the working device on the trailer 2 of this application include the following circuits: trailer 2 outrigger cylinder circuit, boom 31 lifting cylinder 51 circuit, boom 31 slewing circuit, boom 30 conveyor motor circuit, and conveyor belt 42 conveyor motor circuit.

[0065] Furthermore, traditional telescopic belt conveyors use multiple boom sections to drive a single belt. As is well known, the longer the belt, the greater the required tension and the higher the stress on it due to its own weight, accumulated friction, and redirection resistance. Higher stress on the belt conveyor leads to increased wear and fatigue, ultimately reducing its lifespan. In addition, longer belts place higher demands on overall installation and increase the risk of belt misalignment. Compared to traditional telescopic belt conveyors, this invention features a shorter belt, resulting in lower installation requirements and improved stress conditions for the belt and idler rollers, significantly extending its service life.

[0066] This invention presents a novel structure that mounts the telescopic belt conveyor and boom onto a trailer 2. The overall structure is compact and rationally arranged, easily solving the problem of long-distance transportation of telescopic belt conveyors with ultra-long fabric laying distances, significantly reducing transportation costs, installation and disassembly costs. Furthermore, the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the trailer 2 are lower than other traditional types of telescopic belt conveyors. The trailer 2 is towed by a tractor 1, allowing for flexible overall combination. Design selection and on-site replacement of the tractor 1 are extremely simple and convenient. In terms of operation, multiple trailers 2 can be paired with one tractor 1, or even a tractor 1 can be leased. This flexible combination method offers a significant advantage in equipment cost control compared to other traditional types of telescopic belt conveyors.

[0067] It should be understood that the above embodiments are one or more embodiments of the present invention, and there are many other embodiments and variations based on the present invention; any variations and modifications made by those skilled in the art through the present invention without making pioneering innovations are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A trailer-based telescopic belt conveyor, characterized in that: include A turntable is mounted on a trailer and installed on the rear end of the trailer frame via a slewing bearing. The fabric transport boom consists of a base boom, an intermediate boom, and a forearm. One end of the base boom is rotatably fixed to the top of the turntable via a pin, and a lifting cylinder is installed between the lower surface of the base boom and the turntable. The other end of the base boom is supported by a column fixed to the front end of the trailer frame. The intermediate boom and the forearm are telescopically mounted inside the base boom and the intermediate boom, respectively. Each of the base boom, intermediate boom, and forearm is equipped with a fabric transport belt at its upper part. The beginning and end of each fabric transport belt are tensioned by a deflector roller and a drive roller, respectively, and are independently controlled by the drive roller at their respective ends. The base of the drive roller is slidably mounted on the fabric transport boom, and a hydraulic drive is installed on the side of the drive roller that is not wrapped with the fabric transport belt. When the fabric transport belt is stretched and slips, the hydraulic drive controls the drive roller to continue moving outward along the tail end of each section of the fabric transport boom to compensate for the tension of the fabric transport belt. The feeding system is located above the fabric boom, with one end connected to the turntable via a pin and the other end equipped with casters; The trailer is also equipped with a hydraulic system and an electronic control system for driving the turntable to rotate, feeding the material system, tilting the boom, and extending the boom. Both the hydraulic system and the electronic control system are powered by the power battery pack. The control of the fabric boom extension and retraction includes fabric belt slippage monitoring and compensation, and the control process is as follows: Monitoring equipment is deployed, with an optical distance sensor installed at the very front end of each section of the fabric conveyor belt to monitor the linear velocity of the fabric conveyor belt in real time. The number of sections of the fabric boom is set to n. The optical distance sensor and the hydraulic drive components are electrically connected to the electronic control system. Set the baseline parameters and preset the design value of the linear velocity of each section of the fabric belt. and allowable deviation threshold Set the single-cycle compensation stroke of the hydraulic drive for the stretched fabric belt. and cumulative compensation amount Cumulative compensation amount of hydraulic drive components The actual elongation ΔL of the fabric belt is related to the actual elongation of the fabric belt. A threshold value for the fabric belt elongation is set as follows: ; Real-time monitoring and acquisition of the linear velocity of each section of the fabric conveyor belt The single-section slippage deviation is calculated by the electronic control system. Inter-segment coordination deviation Let i and j be any two sections of fabric belt, when or At that time, it is determined that the corresponding fabric belt has slipped; Dynamic graded supplementary control is implemented based on the severity of slippage, divided into three response levels: Level 1 response is slight slippage, when ≤0.5 and At this time, only an alarm is triggered, without compensation; Level 2 response indicates significant slippage. ≤ or ≤ At that time, the hydraulic drive component of the corresponding section is activated to perform a single compensation stroke. The initial stroke of the hydraulic drive component of the corresponding section is set as follows: Update the cumulative compensation amount once. = + ; A Level 3 response indicates severe slippage. > or > When, if ΔL < If the hydraulic drive unit is activated to continuously execute k single compensation strokes and k≥2, the cumulative compensation amount is updated. =k + If ΔL≥ This triggers a shutdown alarm and marks the end of the lifespan of the corresponding section of the fabric belt, prompting a request to replace the corresponding section of the fabric belt.

2. The trailer-based telescopic belt conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control process for monitoring slippage of the fabric belt also includes monitoring the cumulative compensation amount and providing a lifespan warning when the fabric belt is determined to be severely slipping. This involves setting the design length L of the fabric belt and the cumulative compensation amount of the hydraulic drive component. The actual elongation ΔL of the fabric belt is linearly related to the following: = ; Set the fabric belt elongation threshold =1%L, real-time monitoring of the cumulative compensation amount of each fabric belt. At the same time, the actual elongation ΔL of the corresponding fabric belt is calculated. When ΔL≥0.7%L, an early warning is issued indicating that the corresponding section of the fabric belt has aged. When ΔL≥ If necessary, force a shutdown and lock the hydraulic system, then replace the fabric belt.

3. The trailer-based telescopic belt conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding system includes a feeding belt and a feeding boom. The feeding belt is supported by several rollers and tensioned on the feeding boom by a tensioning device. One end of the feeding boom is connected to the top of the turntable by a pin, and a feeding hopper is provided below it, directly opposite the fabric belt near the tail end of the base arm.

4. A trailer-based telescopic belt conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trailer has a hydraulic support leg at the front of its frame, which is flush with the bottom of the axle at the rear of the trailer. The trailer also has side guards and a rear guard. The rear guard is located at the rear end of the frame, and the side guards are located on both sides of the frame between the hydraulic support leg and the axle.

5. A tractor unit, characterized in that: The trailer-based telescopic belt conveyor according to any one of claims 1-4 further includes a traction seat, wherein the trailer frame has a traction interface at the bottom front end, and the trailer is fixed to the traction seat by the traction interface provided on the trailer through a traction pin.

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