New energy alcohol-based fuel synthesis additive

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of alcohol-based fuels, and discloses a new energy alcohol-based fuel synthesis additive, which is prepared from the following component materials: methanol, tert-butyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, isopropanol, methyl tert-butyl ether, isopentane, ferrocene, a preservative and an antioxidant, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, alcohol primary mixing and structure activation; s2, accurate introduction of ethers and hydrocarbons and phase state regulation and control; s3, nanometer dispersion and stabilization of the catalyst; s4, intelligent integration of functional additives; and S5, homogenization and quality control. Through synergistic proportioning of multiple components, the performance of the alcohol-based fuel is comprehensively improved, so that the problems of low-temperature starting, high oil consumption, high emission, knocking, air resistance, carbon deposition, colloid formation and the like are solved, and the effects of resisting freezing and supporting combustion, reducing oil consumption, enhancing power, cleaning tail gas, preventing corrosion and explosion, inhibiting air resistance, removing carbon deposition and preventing dissolving and degumming are achieved; and the fuel economy, the environmental protection property and the engine operation stability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of alcohol-based fuels, in particular to a new energy alcohol-based fuel synthetic additive. Background Art

[0002] The global energy transition is driving a growing demand for renewable and clean fuels. Alcohol-based fuels, due to their clean combustion, high octane rating, and wide availability of raw materials, are considered a promising alternative to traditional fossil fuels. The use of alcohol-based fuels can significantly reduce vehicles' reliance on traditional petroleum-based energy, helping to lower energy supply costs, thereby effectively alleviating environmental pollution, improving air quality, and protecting the ecological balance. Existing technologies have developed a variety of alcohol-based fuels and their associated additive solutions, aiming to enhance their overall performance and adapt them to a wider range of applications. These solutions typically involve the introduction of various functional components, such as antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, combustion improvers, and catalysts, to improve the fuel's storage stability, combustion efficiency, and emission characteristics. For example, some additives attempt to retard fuel oxidation by adding amines or phenolic derivatives; others modify the fuel's evaporation characteristics by introducing oxygenated components or volatile hydrocarbons to optimize engine performance. Furthermore, there is also exploration into adding metal-organic compounds to fuels as combustion catalysts.

[0003] However, despite the progress made in existing technologies, current alcohol-based fuel synthetic additive solutions still face many unresolved technical challenges.

[0004] In actual applications, the performance of existing alcohol-based fuels is often not comprehensive and balanced. For example, in low-temperature environments, cold starts of vehicles are often not smooth, which is particularly prominent in cold regions. During operation, fuel consumption is sometimes high, affecting economy. What is more worrying is that there are still many harmful substances in exhaust emissions, which puts pressure on the environment. The engine may also experience knocking under certain operating conditions, which not only damages the engine but also affects the driving experience. In addition, air blockage in the fuel supply occasionally occurs, resulting in unstable fuel supply. After long-term use of the engine, carbon deposits are also a prominent problem and need to be cleaned regularly. Furthermore, the gum problem in the fuel can easily lead to degumming and block the fuel system. These problems jointly restrict the further promotion of alcohol-based fuels.

[0005] Furthermore, existing alcohol-based fuels also have significant shortcomings in terms of long-term storage stability. Alcohol fuels readily react with oxygen in the air, particularly at higher temperatures. This oxidation process accelerates, leading to an increase in the acid content of the fuel and the formation of colloids and precipitates. These degradation products not only affect fuel quality but also corrode storage containers, pipelines, and engine fuel system components, significantly shortening the lifespan of the equipment.

[0006] At the same time, the catalysts used in existing alcohol-based fuels, especially iron-containing catalysts, have deficiencies in dispersibility and stability. For example, ferrocene, a commonly used combustion catalyst, is prone to agglomeration and sedimentation if added to the fuel system without special treatment. This agglomeration not only greatly reduces the effective action area and catalytic activity of the catalyst, making it unable to function evenly throughout the fuel, but can also clog fuel filters and fuel injectors, and even increase engine wear. Moreover, the uneven dispersion of the catalyst also leads to unstable performance of the final fuel, with large differences between different batches. This is a considerable challenge for the consistency and controllability of industrially produced products, directly increasing production costs and scrap rates. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention provides a new energy alcohol-based fuel synthetic additive, which solves the problems of low combustion efficiency, insufficient power, unclean emissions, poor storage stability, equipment corrosion and carbon deposition in the actual application of existing fuel synthetic additives.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A new energy alcohol-based fuel synthetic additive, comprising the following component materials in parts by mass: Methanol, 500-700 parts; tert-Butanol, 100-200 parts; n-Butanol, 50-150 parts; Isopropyl alcohol, 50-150 parts; 30-80 parts of methyl tert-butyl ether; Isopentane, 10-50 parts; Ferrocene, 0.1-1 parts; Preservatives, 0.5-2 parts; Antioxidant, 0.5-2 parts.

[0009] Preferably, the preservative comprises a fatty acid amine salt compound and an imidazoline derivative compound, and the mass ratio between the fatty acid amine salt compound and the imidazoline derivative compound is 1-3:1-3.

[0010] Preferably, the antioxidant comprises a hindered phenol compound and an amine compound, and the mass ratio of the hindered phenol compound to the amine compound is 1-3:1-3.

[0011] Preferably, the ferrocene is stably present in the additive as a nano-scale dispersion system, and the average particle size of the nano-scale dispersion system is less than 100 nm; Furthermore, the present invention selects multiple alcohols as the main matrix and strictly controls their mass fractions. This is not a simple diluent, but rather, through alcohol compounds of different carbon chain lengths and molecular structures, a unique hydrogen bond network and intermolecular interactions are formed in the additive system. This optimized alcohol mixture can provide a stable microenvironment that is conducive to dispersion and synergistic reactions for the ethers, hydrocarbons, ferrocene, and various auxiliary agents introduced subsequently, ensuring the uniformity and stability of the entire system. This lays the foundation for the subsequent introduction of complex components.

[0012] In particular, MTBE, as an oxygen-containing organic compound, serves more than just a role in increasing oxygen and aiding combustion in this invention. In specific alcohol systems, it can synergize with certain alcohol components. This synergistic effect may promote the formation of novel free radical scavengers in the early stages of fuel combustion, effectively suppressing harmful free radicals during the initial stages of fuel oxidation, helping to improve combustion efficiency and reduce harmful emissions. This transcends the traditional perception of MTBE as a simple oxygenate and demonstrates its multifunctionality in complex systems.

[0013] As a low-boiling-point hydrocarbon, isopentane is incorporated into the present invention for more than just volatility control. Its innovation lies in its ability to promote the formation of a unique microemulsion, or azeotropic system, when mixed with specific alcohols and MTBE. This microstructure is crucial for precisely controlling the vapor pressure curve of alcohol-based fuels, ensuring ideal volatility at varying temperatures, thereby optimizing engine starting performance and fuel atomization, thereby improving combustion efficiency.

[0014] Ferrocene, as a catalyst, is stably present in a nanoscale dispersion system in the present invention, and its average particle size is less than 100 nanometers, which is a key innovation. Traditional ferrocene may have problems with uneven dispersion and easy sedimentation. Through nano-processing, the specific surface area of ​​ferrocene is greatly increased, and its catalytic activity and stability in the fuel system are improved. This nanoscale catalyst can be more evenly dispersed in the fuel, effectively promoting the reaction during the combustion process, while avoiding the sedimentation and clogging problems that may be caused by traditional catalysts, thereby ensuring the durability and stability of the catalytic effect.

[0015] Anticorrosive agent used in the present invention is a composite system of fatty acid amine salt compound and imidazoline derivative compound, and its specific mass ratio is set through optimization. The innovative mechanism of this composite anticorrosive agent is that two different types of compounds can form a synergistic effect, and a more dense, uniform and stable passivating film is constructed on the metal surface. Fatty acid amine salt compound may form a protective layer by physical adsorption, and imidazoline derivative may form a stronger bonding with the metal surface by chemical adsorption, and the combination of the two provides more comprehensive corrosion protection, especially in the complex environment that alcohol-based fuel is easily corroded, shows stronger corrosion resistance.

[0016] Antioxidants are similar to preservatives. The antioxidant of the present invention also adopts a composite system of hindered phenolic compounds and amine compounds, and its mass ratio is precisely controlled. The innovative mechanism of this composite antioxidant is that different types of antioxidants can play a role in different stages of the oxidation chain reaction of alcohol-based fuels, thereby achieving a more efficient and longer-lasting antioxidant effect. Hindered phenolic compounds mainly terminate the chain reaction by capturing oxygen free radicals in the system, while amine compounds may play a role in a wider range of temperature and oxygen concentration. The synergistic effect of the two can more comprehensively inhibit the oxidative deterioration of alcohol-based fuels, extending their shelf life and performance.

[0017] A method for preparing a new energy alcohol-based fuel synthetic additive comprises the following steps: S1. Initial mixing of alcohols and structural activation: Methanol, tert-butanol, n-butanol, and isopropanol are added to a mixing kettle according to a preset ratio and stirred for 30 to 60 minutes to obtain an alcohol mixture; S2. Precise introduction and phase control of ethers and hydrocarbons: Slowly add methyl tert-butyl ether to the alcohol mixture at a dropwise rate of 0.5 L / min to 2.0 L / min. After stirring, slowly add isopentane at the same dropwise rate. Continue stirring after the addition is complete to obtain mixture A. S3. Catalyst nanodispersion and stabilization: Ferrocene was mixed with a small amount of isopropyl alcohol and tert-butyl alcohol, and dispersed using an ultrasonic disperser with a power of 50W to 150W to form a nanoscale dispersion system. The nanoscale dispersion system was then slowly added to mixture A, and continuously stirred to obtain a mixed solution. S4. Intelligent integration of functional additives: Add preservatives and antioxidants to the mixture, stirring for 10 to 15 minutes after each addition; S5. Homogenization and quality control: After all components are mixed, the system is stirred continuously at 25° C. to 35° C. at a stirring rate of 150 rpm to 250 rpm for 120 minutes to 240 minutes.

[0018] Preferably, in step S1, the operating temperature of the mixing kettle is 20° C. to 40° C., and the rotation speed is 100 rpm to 300 rpm.

[0019] Preferably, in step S2, the stirring time after adding methyl tert-butyl ether is 15 minutes to 30 minutes, and the stirring time after adding isopentane is 30 minutes to 45 minutes.

[0020] Preferably, in step S3, the power of the ultrasonic disperser is 50W to 150W, the dispersion time is 15 minutes to 30 minutes, and the time for continuously stirring to obtain the mixed solution is 60 minutes to 90 minutes; In step S1, methanol, tert-butyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, and isopropyl alcohol are thoroughly mixed in a mixing vessel by controlling a specific temperature and stirring rate. During this process, the hydrogen bond network and intermolecular interactions between the different alcohol molecules are activated. This activation not only promotes the homogenization of the alcohols themselves, but more importantly, it provides an ideal molecular environment for the subsequent introduction and dissolution of ethers, hydrocarbons, and various additives, ensuring that the components are fully dispersed and interact with each other, laying the microstructural foundation for the stability and functionality of the entire system.

[0021] In step S2, precise control of the introduction method and stirring time of MTBE and isopentane, along with slow addition rate and staged stirring, ensures that these key components fully blend with the alcohol mixture, inducing the formation of the unique microemulsion or azeotropic system described above. This meticulous phase control is key to achieving precise control of the fuel vapor pressure curve, avoiding phase separation or uneven dispersion that can occur with rapid mixing, and ensuring optimal performance of the additive in the fuel.

[0022] In the S3 step, by mixing ferrocene with a small amount of alcohols and using an ultrasonic dispersor of specific power to process, a nanoscale dispersion system with an average particle size less than 100nm can be efficiently prepared. Subsequently, this nanosystem is slowly added to the mixture and continuously stirred to ensure that ferrocene is uniformly present in the entire additive with a stable nanoscale micellar structure. This stabilization treatment avoids the agglomeration and sedimentation of ferrocene, greatly improves its dispersibility and catalytic activity in alcohol-based fuels, and is the key to the present invention in improving combustion efficiency.

[0023] In step S4, the timing of adding preservatives and antioxidants is carefully considered, along with the subsequent stirring. After the catalyst nanodispersion is stabilized, the preservatives and antioxidants are added, stirring for 10 to 15 minutes after each addition. This ensures that these key additives are fully dissolved and evenly dispersed throughout the mixture, forming a synergistic protective mechanism with the alcohols and ethers. This intelligent integration ensures that the preservatives and antioxidants maximize their corrosion inhibition and antioxidant properties, providing comprehensive protection for alcohol-based fuels.

[0024] In step S5, the entire additive system is subjected to final structural stabilization and quality optimization. Prolonged, moderate stirring ensures thorough homogenization of all components and stabilizes their internal microstructures and interactions. This is crucial for ensuring batch-to-batch consistency, long-term storage stability, and performance reproducibility in actual fuel applications, and is a key component of the quality control of the final product of this invention.

[0025] The present invention provides a new energy alcohol-based fuel synthetic additive. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention comprehensively solves a series of key technical problems of existing alcohol-based fuels in practical applications, such as difficult cold start, high fuel consumption, emission pollution, detonation, air resistance, carbon deposits and gum formation, through the coordinated ratio and optimization of multiple components. In this way, the performance of alcohol-based fuels in many aspects is improved: antifreeze and combustion-supporting properties are achieved to ensure the reliability of low-temperature starting, while reducing fuel consumption and enhancing power output, improving fuel economy and driving experience; by significantly cleaning exhaust emissions, environmental pollution is reduced; the fuel is given excellent anti-corrosion and anti-knock properties, extending the engine life and ensuring smooth operation; it can also effectively suppress air resistance to ensure stable fuel supply; and it removes carbon deposits and prevents dissolution and degumming, keeping the engine clean and the fuel system unobstructed.

[0026] 2. The present invention addresses the technical problem of alcohol-based fuels being susceptible to oxidation and deterioration and equipment corrosion during long-term storage by introducing a composite anti-corrosion system of fatty acid amine salt compounds and imidazoline derivative compounds. This provides the practical effect of excellent stability and low corrosion resistance of alcohol-based fuels under long-term storage conditions. The composite system forms a dense and stable passivation film on the metal surface, effectively preventing direct contact between harmful substances in the fuel and the metal, thereby inhibiting electrochemical corrosion reactions.

[0027] 3. The present invention uses ultrasonic dispersion technology to disperse ferrocene at the nanoscale, solving the technical problem that traditional ferrocene has poor dispersibility and stability in alcohol-based fuels, which in turn affects the overall performance of the fuel. It also brings about stable dispersion of the catalyst component in the additive, thereby ensuring the actual effect of the comprehensive performance of the final fuel and the controllability of product preparation. Through ultrasonic treatment, ferrocene can be present in the additive in a highly dispersible and stable form, increasing its effective area of ​​action, thereby improving the catalytic efficiency and service life, and ensuring the uniformity and batch stability of the additive performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the preparation steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the present specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Please see the attached Figure 1 , Example 1: This embodiment provides a new energy alcohol-based fuel synthetic additive and a preparation method thereof, the formula components and preparation parameters of which are as follows: 1. Material formula: This additive is composed of the following components in parts by mass: Methanol: 700 parts; Tert-butyl alcohol: 200 parts; n-Butanol: 150 parts; Isopropyl alcohol: 150 parts; Methyl tert-butyl ether: 80 parts; Isopentane: 50 parts; Ferrocene: 1 part; Preservatives: 2 parts; Antioxidant: 2 parts.

[0031] The preservative comprises a fatty acid amine salt compound and an imidazoline derivative compound, and the mass ratio between the fatty acid amine salt compound and the imidazoline derivative compound is 3:1.

[0032] The antioxidant comprises a hindered phenol compound and an amine compound, and the mass ratio of the hindered phenol compound to the amine compound is 3:1.

[0033] 2. Preparation steps: Initial mixing of alcohols and structural activation: 700 parts of methanol, 200 parts of tert-butanol, 150 parts of n-butanol and 150 parts of isopropanol were added into a mixing kettle according to a preset ratio, and stirred at 40° C. and 300 rpm for 60 minutes to obtain an alcohol mixture.

[0034] Precise introduction and phase control of ethers and hydrocarbons: 80 parts of methyl tert-butyl ether were slowly added to the alcohol mixture at a drop rate of 2.0 L / min. After stirring for 30 minutes, 50 parts of isopentane were slowly added at a drop rate of 2.0 L / min. After the addition was complete, stirring was continued for 45 minutes to obtain mixture A.

[0035] Catalyst nanodispersion and stabilization: 1 part of ferrocene was mixed with a small amount of isopropanol and tert-butanol, and dispersed for 30 minutes using an ultrasonic disperser with a power of 150 W to form a nanoscale dispersion system. The nanoscale dispersion system was then slowly added to mixture A and stirred for 90 minutes to obtain a mixed solution.

[0036] Intelligent integration of functional additives: Add 2 parts of preservatives and 2 parts of antioxidants to the mixture, stirring for 15 minutes after each addition.

[0037] Homogenization and quality control: After all components were mixed, the system was stirred at 35°C and 250 rpm for 240 minutes.

[0038] Example 2: This embodiment provides a new energy alcohol-based fuel synthetic additive and a preparation method thereof, the formula components and preparation parameters of which are as follows: 1. Material formula: This additive is composed of the following components in parts by mass: Methanol: 500 parts; Tert-butyl alcohol: 100 parts; n-Butanol: 50 parts; Isopropyl alcohol: 50 parts; Methyl tert-butyl ether: 30 parts; Isopentane: 10 parts; Ferrocene: 0.1 part; Preservatives: 0.5 parts; Antioxidant: 0.5 parts.

[0039] The preservative comprises a fatty acid amine salt compound and an imidazoline derivative compound, and the mass ratio between the fatty acid amine salt compound and the imidazoline derivative compound is 1:3.

[0040] The antioxidant comprises a hindered phenol compound and an amine compound, and the mass ratio of the hindered phenol compound to the amine compound is 1:3.

[0041] 2. Preparation steps: Initial mixing of alcohols and structural activation: 500 parts of methanol, 100 parts of tert-butanol, 50 parts of n-butanol and 50 parts of isopropanol were added into a mixing kettle according to a preset ratio, and stirred at 20° C. and a stirring rate of 100 rpm for 30 minutes to obtain an alcohol mixture.

[0042] Precise introduction and phase control of ethers and hydrocarbons: 30 parts of methyl tert-butyl ether were slowly added to the alcohol mixture at a drop rate of 0.5 L / min. After stirring for 15 minutes, 10 parts of isopentane were slowly added at a drop rate of 0.5 L / min. After the addition was complete, stirring was continued for 30 minutes to obtain mixture A.

[0043] Catalyst nanodispersion and stabilization: 0.1 parts of ferrocene was mixed with a small amount of isopropanol and tert-butanol, and dispersed for 15 minutes using an ultrasonic disperser with a power of 50 W to form a nanoscale dispersion system. The nanoscale dispersion system was then slowly added to mixture A and stirred for 60 minutes to obtain a mixed solution.

[0044] Intelligent integration of functional additives: Add 0.5 parts of preservatives and 0.5 parts of antioxidants to the mixture, stirring for 10 minutes after each addition.

[0045] Homogenization and quality control: After all components are mixed, the system is stirred at 25°C and 150 rpm for 120 minutes.

[0046] Example 3: This embodiment provides a new energy alcohol-based fuel synthetic additive and a preparation method thereof, the formula components and preparation parameters of which are as follows: 1. Material formula: This additive is composed of the following components in parts by mass: Methanol: 600 parts; Tert-butyl alcohol: 150 parts; n-Butanol: 100 parts; Isopropyl alcohol: 100 parts; Methyl tert-butyl ether: 55 parts; Isopentane: 30 parts; Ferrocene: 0.55 parts; Preservatives: 1.25 parts; Antioxidant: 1.25 parts.

[0047] The preservative comprises a fatty acid amine salt compound and an imidazoline derivative compound, and the mass ratio between the fatty acid amine salt compound and the imidazoline derivative compound is 1:1.

[0048] The antioxidant comprises a hindered phenol compound and an amine compound, and the mass ratio of the hindered phenol compound to the amine compound is 1:1.

[0049] 2. Preparation steps Initial mixing of alcohols and structural activation: 600 parts of methanol, 150 parts of tert-butanol, 100 parts of n-butanol and 100 parts of isopropanol were added into a mixing kettle according to a preset ratio, and stirred at 30° C. and 200 rpm for 45 minutes to obtain an alcohol mixture.

[0050] Precise introduction and phase control of ethers and hydrocarbons: 55 parts of methyl tert-butyl ether were slowly added to the alcohol mixture at a drop rate of 1.25 L / min. After stirring for 22.5 minutes, 30 parts of isopentane were slowly added at a drop rate of 1.25 L / min. After the addition was complete, stirring was continued for 37.5 minutes to obtain mixture A.

[0051] Catalyst nanodispersion and stabilization: 0.55 parts of ferrocene were mixed with a small amount of isopropanol and tert-butanol, and dispersed for 22.5 minutes using an ultrasonic disperser with a power of 100 W to form a nanoscale dispersion system. The nanoscale dispersion system was then slowly added to mixture A and stirred for 75 minutes to obtain a mixed solution.

[0052] Intelligent integration of functional additives: Add 1.25 parts of preservatives and 1.25 parts of antioxidants to the mixture, stirring for 12.5 minutes after each addition.

[0053] Homogenization and quality control: After all components were mixed, the system was stirred at 200 rpm at 30°C for 180 minutes.

[0054] Comparative Example 1: Compared with Example 1, the difference is that no preservative is added, and the other components and preparation steps are the same as those of Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 2: Compared with Example 1, the difference is that methyl tert-butyl ether, isopentane, fatty acid amine salt compound, imidazoline derivative compound, and the composite system of hindered phenol and amine antioxidants are not added, and the remaining components and preparation steps are the same as Example 1.

[0056] Comparative Example 3: Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in step S3, ferrocene is not dispersed using an ultrasonic disperser, but ferrocene powder is directly added to alcohol and mechanically stirred and dispersed. The remaining components and preparation steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0057] Comparative experiment: Experiment 1: This experiment aimed to compare the effects of the introduction of preservative components into synthetic additives for new energy alcohol-based fuels on the storage stability and metal corrosion resistance of alcohol-based fuels. The additive prepared in Example 1 was compared with the additive prepared in Comparative Example 1 to evaluate their performance under accelerated aging conditions.

[0058] Experimental steps: Sample preparation: Example 1 Sample: A certain amount of the additive prepared according to the method described in Example 1 is taken and uniformly mixed with the base alcohol-based fuel in a predetermined ratio (for example, the additive accounts for 1% of the total fuel) to obtain the test fuel of Example 1.

[0059] Comparative Example 1 Sample: A certain amount of the additive prepared according to the method described in Comparative Example 1 was taken and uniformly mixed with the base alcohol-based fuel from the same batch in the same proportion to obtain the test fuel of Comparative Example 1.

[0060] Metal test piece preparation: Prepare metal test pieces of standard size and material (e.g., Q235 carbon steel, T2 copper, A1050 aluminum alloy), clean the surface, weigh them, and record the initial mass.

[0061] Accelerated aging settings: The prepared test fuel of Example 1 and the test fuel of Comparative Example 1 were respectively poured into separate glass bottles, ensuring that the fuel liquid surface completely covered the metal test piece.

[0062] The glass bottles containing the fuel and metal specimens were sealed and placed in a thermostat set at 60°C for 90 days. Some samples were additionally ventilated with dry air to simulate an oxidizing environment.

[0063] Regular sampling and testing: Every 30 days, a portion of the fuel sample and metal test piece were taken from each test bottle for testing.

[0064] Fuel performance testing: Acid value determination: Determine the acid value of fuel samples.

[0065] Sediment content determination: Determine the sediment content of fuel samples.

[0066] Metal corrosion detection: Macroscopic observation: Visually inspect the surface of the metal specimen for signs of corrosion such as rust, spots, and discoloration.

[0067] Weight loss method: Clean and dry the metal specimen, then weigh and record the final mass. Calculate the corrosion rate based on the weight loss (see Table 1 for details).

[0068] Table 1 Experimental summary: Under prolonged, high-temperature accelerated aging conditions, the fuel sample from Comparative Example 1 exhibited increased acidity and sediment content, and significant corrosion on contacting metal specimens (particularly carbon steel and copper), including color change, spotting, and rust. This indicates that, in the absence of a preservative, alcohol-based fuels are susceptible to oxidative degradation and can corrode metal materials.

[0069] In contrast, the fuel sample of Example 1, under the same aging conditions, showed significantly lower increases in acid value and sediment content than that of Comparative Example 1, and the extent of corrosion on the metal test piece was reduced. This difference confirms the key role of preservatives in additives. The preservative used in this invention comprises a composite system of fatty acid amine salt compounds and imidazoline derivative compounds. Mechanistic analysis shows that the fatty acid amine salt compounds and imidazoline derivative compounds synergistically form a dense and stable passivation film on the metal surface. This passivation film effectively isolates harmful components in the fuel (such as acidic substances and oxidation products) from direct contact with the metal surface, thereby inhibiting electrochemical corrosion reactions of the metal. Furthermore, these preservative components adsorb on the metal surface, altering the metal's surface energy and further enhancing its corrosion resistance. Therefore, the specific preservative system used in Example 1, through its unique synergistic passivation and adsorption mechanism, improves the storage stability of alcohol-based fuels and reduces their corrosiveness to fuel systems, resolving the technical problem of existing alcohol-based fuels being susceptible to corrosion during long-term storage and use.

[0070] Experiment 2: This experiment aims to comprehensively evaluate the comprehensive performance advantages of the new energy alcohol-based fuel of the present invention in terms of engine operating conditions and fuel physical and chemical properties compared to the basic alcohol-based fuel without the addition of the core functional components of the present invention, with particular focus on combustion efficiency, power, emissions, anti-knock properties, vapor pressure characteristics, operating cleanliness and long-term storage stability.

[0071] Experimental steps: Fuel sample preparation: Example 1 Test Fuel: The additive was prepared according to the method described in Example 1, and was uniformly mixed with the base alcohol-based fuel in a predetermined ratio to obtain Example 1 Test Fuel.

[0072] Comparative Example 2 test fuel: According to the definition described in Comparative Example 2, the base alcohol-based fuel is directly used as the comparative example 2 test fuel.

[0073] Engine bench and physical and chemical performance test setup: Choose an engine test bench system suitable for alcohol-based fuels, equipped with fuel supply, intake and exhaust analysis, torque / power measurement, temperature / pressure sensors, etc.

[0074] At the same time, prepare corresponding instruments and equipment for the determination of physical and chemical indicators of fuel.

[0075] Operating conditions and performance index measurements: Cold start performance test (corresponding to the antifreeze and combustion-supporting part): Cool the engine to a specified low temperature (e.g. -10°C) and record the time from when the start signal is sent to when the engine stabilizes.

[0076] Observe the smoothness of the startup process.

[0077] Stable operating condition test (corresponding to reducing fuel consumption, cleaning exhaust gas, and enhancing power): Set the engine speed (e.g. 1500rpm, 2500rpm, 3500rpm) and load (e.g. 25%, 50%, 75%).

[0078] Measuring fuel consumption rate: The fuel metering system monitors and calculates fuel consumption per unit time or per unit power output in real time.

[0079] Measuring emission concentration: The volume fraction of CO, HC and NOx in the exhaust gas is measured by an exhaust gas analyzer.

[0080] Measuring engine power and torque: The dynamometer system records the engine's power and torque output under different operating conditions.

[0081] Transient acceleration test (corresponding to enhanced power): Simulate the process of engine acceleration from low speed (e.g. 1500 rpm) under full load to high speed (e.g. 3500 rpm) and record the acceleration response time.

[0082] Anti-knock performance test (corresponding to anti-knock): The research octane number (RON) and motor octane number (MON) of fuel samples are measured to evaluate their anti-knock ability.

[0083] Vapor pressure characteristic test (corresponding to suppression of air lock): The Reed Vapor Pressure (RVP) of fuel samples is measured to evaluate their vapor lock resistance and volatility matching.

[0084] Carbon deposit tendency assessment (corresponding to the reduction of carbon deposit generation): After completing a certain period of engine bench operation (for example, 200 hours of continuous operation), remove the spark plug and piston top for visual inspection.

[0085] Record and compare the cleanliness of key combustion chamber components, observe the formation, color and distribution of carbon deposits, and conduct qualitative assessments.

[0086] Assessment of the tendency to form gum and precipitates (corresponding to the degummed part of the anti-solvent degumming): The fuel samples are subjected to accelerated oxidation stability tests (e.g., induction period test or storage stability test) in accordance with standard fuel test methods to measure the potential gum content or sediment content (see Table 2 for data details).

[0087] Table 2 Experimental Summary In terms of cold start performance, the fuel of Example 1 has a shorter start-up time and a smoother process at low temperatures, demonstrating its excellent antifreeze and combustion-supporting capabilities, ensuring reliable starting of the vehicle in cold environments.

[0088] In terms of engine performance, the fuel in Example 1 achieved significantly lower fuel consumption than that in Comparative Example 2 under all stable operating conditions, demonstrating its superior fuel efficiency. Furthermore, the fuel in Example 1 delivered higher power and torque, confirming its enhanced power. Exhaust emission concentration tests showed that CO, HC, and NOx emissions in Example 1 were significantly lower than those in Comparative Example 2, demonstrating more complete fuel combustion, significantly reduced harmful emissions, and a significant clean exhaust effect.

[0089] The anti-knock performance test results show that the RON and MON values ​​of the fuel of Example 1 are higher than those of Comparative Example 2, which means that it has stronger anti-knock ability, can effectively suppress engine knock, ensure smooth engine operation and adapt to engine designs with higher compression ratios.

[0090] In terms of vapor pressure characteristics, the RVP value of the fuel in Example 1 is in a more ideal range. Compared with Comparative Example 2, its vapor pressure characteristics are precisely controlled, effectively suppressing the occurrence of air lock and ensuring a stable supply of fuel under different temperature and altitude conditions.

[0091] An assessment of carbon deposit propensity after long-term bench operation revealed that Example 1 fuel exhibited far less carbon deposits on key combustion chamber components than Comparative Example 2, indirectly demonstrating its ability to effectively remove carbon deposits (reduce their formation), helping to maintain internal engine cleanliness. Furthermore, the significant reduction in latent colloid content confirms Example 1's superior performance in preventing dissolution and degumming, reducing the risk of fuel system clogging and colloid deposition.

[0092] In summary, the synergistic proportioning and optimization of the multiple components (methyl tert-butyl ether, isopentane, fatty acid amine salt compounds, imidazoline derivative compounds, hindered phenol and amine antioxidant composite system, etc.) adopted in Example 1 significantly improved the overall performance of alcohol-based fuels and solved a series of key technical problems encountered in practical applications of existing alcohol-based fuels, such as difficulty in cold starting, high fuel consumption, emission pollution, detonation, air lock, carbon deposits, and gum formation.

[0093] Experiment 3: This experiment aimed to evaluate the impact of ferrocene dispersion during additive preparation on the catalyst dispersion stability and overall performance of the alcohol-based fuel in the final additive. By comparing the additive prepared in Example 1 with the additive prepared in Comparative Example 3, the effectiveness of ultrasonic nanodispersion technology in achieving a uniform and stable catalyst was demonstrated.

[0094] Experimental steps: Additive sample preparation: Example 1 Additive: The additive was prepared according to the method described in Example 1.

[0095] Comparative Example 3 Additive: The additive was prepared according to the method described in Comparative Example 3.

[0096] Catalyst dispersion stability test: Static sedimentation observation: The additive sample of Example 1 and the additive sample of Comparative Example 3 were placed in transparent graduated cylinders, respectively, and left to stand at room temperature. The sedimentation and stratification of the ferrocene particles were visually observed regularly (e.g., 24 hours, 72 hours, 7 days, 30 days), and the sedimentation height was recorded.

[0097] Particle size determination by filtration method: Take samples that have been standing for different periods of time and filter them through a filter membrane with a pore size of 1 micron. Observe the amount of ferrocene particles retained on the filter membrane to indirectly determine the particle size distribution and dispersion uniformity of ferrocene.

[0098] Fuel sample preparation and performance evaluation: Example 1 Test fuel: The additive of Example 1 is uniformly mixed with the base alcohol-based fuel in a predetermined ratio.

[0099] Comparative Example 3 test fuel: The additive of Comparative Example 3 was uniformly mixed with the base alcohol-based fuel of the same batch in the same proportion.

[0100] Comprehensive performance test: The following performance tests were performed on the prepared test fuel of Example 1 and the test fuel of Comparative Example 3: Combustion efficiency test: A single-cylinder engine test bench is used to measure fuel consumption under specific operating conditions (for example, 2000 rpm / 50% load).

[0101] Emission concentration test: During the above combustion efficiency test, the volume fractions of CO, HC, and NOx in the exhaust gas are measured.

[0102] Storage stability test: The fuel was evaluated for acid value, sediment content and corrosion to metals using an accelerated aging method similar to that in Experiment 1.

[0103] Table 3 Experimental summary: In terms of catalyst dispersion stability, the additive sample of Comparative Example 3 showed obvious sedimentation after standing for a period of time, and more ferrocene particles were observed to be trapped by the filter membrane test. This shows that ferrocene that has not been treated with ultrasonic dispersion is difficult to form a stable dispersion system in the additive and is prone to agglomeration and sedimentation. However, the additive sample of Example 1 can still maintain good dispersion stability after standing for a long time, with an extremely low sedimentation height and very little particle amount trapped by the filter membrane. This difference confirms the key role of ultrasonic dispersion technology in the stable presence of ferrocene in the additive.

[0104] In terms of overall fuel performance, the fuel sample prepared with the additive from Comparative Example 3 exhibited higher fuel consumption than the fuel sample from Example 1 and also exhibited a relatively high CO emission concentration. Furthermore, the storage stability (e.g., corrosion rate on carbon steel) of the fuel from Comparative Example 3 was significantly inferior to that of Example 1. This demonstrates the direct impact of ferrocene dispersion on the final fuel performance. The present invention utilizes ultrasonic dispersion technology introduced in step S3, mixing ferrocene with a small amount of alcohol and then subjecting it to high-intensity ultrasonic treatment, which promotes the dissociation and uniform dispersion of ferrocene aggregates. This dispersion treatment increases the effective surface area of ​​ferrocene, allowing it to be uniformly distributed throughout the additive system in a stable state. Uniformly dispersed ferrocene exhibits higher catalytic activity and a longer operational life in the fuel, more effectively promoting the fuel's combustion reaction, thereby reducing fuel consumption and harmful emissions. Furthermore, the stable dispersion of ferrocene avoids performance inhomogeneities caused by its sedimentation, ensuring batch stability of the additive's performance. Therefore, the ultrasonic dispersion technology used in Example 1 effectively solves the problem of poor dispersibility and stability of traditional ferrocene in alcohol-based fuels, and improves the overall catalytic performance of the additive and the controllability of product preparation.

[0105] In contrast, the fuel sample of Example 1 had a shorter start-up time in the cold start test, lower fuel consumption rate under various stable operating conditions, and emission concentrations such as CO, HC, and NOx also showed a decreasing trend. This difference confirms the role of specific components in the additive in optimizing the combustion performance and efficiency of alcohol-based fuels. The MTBE and isopentane introduced in the present invention play a key role in this. Mechanism analysis shows that MTBE, as an oxygen-containing component, can increase the oxygen content in the fuel system, promote the mixing of fuel and oxidant, and thus improve the combustion process. At the same time, MTBE and the alcohol component synergistically generate a new free radical scavenger in the early stages of combustion, which can effectively suppress the harmful free radicals produced in the combustion chain reaction and reduce incomplete combustion products. The introduction of isopentane can form a unique micro-emulsion or azeotropic system with the alcohols and MTBE, accurately regulating the vapor pressure curve of the fuel. This regulation ensures that the fuel has ideal volatility and atomization effect under different operating conditions, thereby optimizing the mixing uniformity of fuel and air, improving combustion efficiency and reducing emissions. Therefore, the methyl tert-butyl ether and isopentane used in Example 1 improve the overall combustion performance and efficiency of the alcohol-based fuel through their synergistic oxygenation, free radical capture and vapor pressure regulation mechanisms during the combustion process.

[0106] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A new energy alcohol-based fuel synthetic additive, characterized in that: Includes the following component materials in parts by mass: Methanol, 500-700 parts; tert-Butanol, 100-200 parts; n-Butanol, 50-150 parts; Isopropyl alcohol, 50-150 parts; 30-80 parts of methyl tert-butyl ether; Isopentane, 10-50 parts; Ferrocene, 0.1-1 parts; Preservatives, 0.5-2 parts; Antioxidant, 0.5-2 parts.

2. A new energy alcohol-based fuel synthetic additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preservative comprises a fatty acid amine salt compound and an imidazoline derivative compound, and the mass ratio of the fatty acid amine salt compound to the imidazoline derivative compound is 1-3:1-3.

3. A new energy alcohol-based fuel synthetic additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antioxidant comprises a hindered phenol compound and an amine compound, and the mass ratio of the hindered phenol compound to the amine compound is 1-3:1-3.

4. A new energy alcohol-based fuel synthetic additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ferrocene is stably present in the additive in the form of a nano-scale dispersion system, and the average particle size of the nano-scale dispersion system is less than 100 nm.

5. A method for preparing a new energy alcohol-based fuel synthetic additive, according to a new energy alcohol-based fuel synthetic additive according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Initial mixing of alcohols and structural activation: Methanol, tert-butanol, n-butanol, and isopropanol are added to a mixing kettle according to a preset ratio and stirred for 30 to 60 minutes to obtain an alcohol mixture; S2. Precise introduction and phase control of ethers and hydrocarbons: Slowly add methyl tert-butyl ether to the alcohol mixture at a dropwise rate of 0.5 L / min to 2.0 L / min. After stirring, slowly add isopentane at the same dropwise rate. Continue stirring after the addition is complete to obtain mixture A. S3. Catalyst nanodispersion and stabilization: Ferrocene was mixed with a small amount of isopropyl alcohol and tert-butyl alcohol, and dispersed using an ultrasonic disperser with a power of 50W to 150W to form a nanoscale dispersion system. The nanoscale dispersion system was then slowly added to mixture A, and continuously stirred to obtain a mixed solution. S4. Intelligent integration of functional additives: Add preservatives and antioxidants to the mixture, stirring for 10 to 15 minutes after each addition; S5. Homogenization and quality control: After all components are mixed, the system is stirred continuously at 25° C. to 35° C. at a stirring rate of 150 rpm to 250 rpm for 120 minutes to 240 minutes.

6. The method for preparing a new energy alcohol-based fuel synthetic additive according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1, the operating temperature of the mixing kettle is 20° C. to 40° C., and the rotation speed is 100 rpm to 300 rpm.

7. The method for preparing a new energy alcohol-based fuel synthetic additive according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S2, the stirring time after adding methyl tert-butyl ether is 15 minutes to 30 minutes, and the stirring time after adding isopentane is 30 minutes to 45 minutes.

8. The method for preparing a new energy alcohol-based fuel synthetic additive according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the power of the ultrasonic disperser is 50W to 150W, the dispersion time is 15 minutes to 30 minutes, and the time for continuously stirring to obtain the mixed solution is 60 minutes to 90 minutes.

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