Physical simulation and prevention device for glacier debris flow

Abstract

The invention provides a glacier debris flow physical simulation and prevention device which comprises a support, a glacier moving simulation assembly is arranged at the top end of the support, a flood outburst simulation assembly is arranged at the position close to the support, the flood outburst simulation assembly is connected with a rotation adjusting assembly, and the flood outburst simulation assembly is further in contact connection with a limiting assembly. The limiting assembly is fixed to the upper end of the support. The flood outburst simulation assembly is connected with the suction assembly, and the bottom end of the flood outburst simulation assembly is connected with the receiving groove. According to the physical simulation and prevention device for the glacier debris flow, the glacier and glacier lake type debris flow can be accurately simulated, the glacier and glacier lake type debris flow conforms to and is close to the actual situation, and compared with the prior art, the scheme further improves the simulation scale of the debris flow and has high reference practical value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of debris flow simulation experiments, and in particular relates to a physical simulation and prevention device for glacial debris flow. Background Art

[0002] Glacier-glacier lake debris flow is a special type of debris flow caused by the outburst of glacier-glacier lakes. With global warming, glacier melting is intensifying, and the number and size of glacier-glacier lakes are also increasing, increasing the risk of outburst. In order to effectively prevent and mitigate the hazards of this disaster, it is necessary to conduct detailed surveys and analyses of the geological conditions in the glacier-glacier lake debris flow area, select typical glacier-glacier lake debris flow representatives, and conduct physical simulation experiments based on the principle of similarity to simulate the development characteristics, disaster-causing patterns and hazard range of glacier-glacier lake debris flows under tectonic activities, so as to understand their formation mechanism, development laws and influencing factors.

[0003] Chinese invention patent application number CN2024106712380 discloses a glacial lake debris flow physical simulation device that simulates the movement characteristics of debris flows and the entire physical process of glacial lake debris flows from static to dynamic. However, it still has the following shortcomings:

[0004] (1) The above-mentioned disclosed technology simulates the movement of multiple glaciers and ice lakes when they converge together during a debris flow. The materials are only mixed in a mixing bin, not in a chute, which is obviously not in line with the actual situation.

[0005] (2) When glacial debris flow slides, the direction of movement is not fixed and may form tributaries in different directions. However, the above-mentioned public technology has only one chute, which does not conform to the actual situation;

[0006] (3) When debris flows occur, they are usually large in scale. Large-scale debris flows have become a prominent problem that needs to be urgently addressed in current disaster prevention and mitigation work. The debris flow simulation scale in the above-mentioned public technology is obviously too small, and its reference value is relatively small.

[0007] Therefore, this solution proposes a physical simulation and prevention device for glacial debris flow to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a physical simulation and prevention device for glacial debris flows, which solves the technical problem of how to accurately simulate glacial ice-lake type debris flows so that they conform to and are close to actual situations. Compared with the existing technology, this solution also improves the simulation scale of debris flows and has strong reference and practical value.

[0009] A device for simulating and preventing glacial debris flows comprises a support, a glacier movement simulation component disposed at the top of the support, a flood burst simulation component disposed near the support, the flood burst simulation component connected to a rotation adjustment component, and the flood burst simulation component further contacting and connected to a limit assembly, the limit assembly being fixed to the upper end of the support;

[0010] The flood burst simulation component is connected to the suction component, and the bottom end of the flood burst simulation component is connected to the receiving groove.

[0011] The flood burst simulation assembly includes an inclined movable upper trough plate and a movable lower trough plate. The bottom end of the movable upper trough plate is butt-jointed with the top end of the movable lower trough plate, and the bottom end of the movable lower trough plate is provided with a closing structure. The upper end surface of the movable upper trough plate is provided with a chute assembly for the sliding of glacial debris flow, and blocking strips are vertically provided on both sides.

[0012] The flood burst simulation component also includes a barrier component, a sensor component, and a camera component, and the barrier component is connected to the chute component.

[0013] The chute assembly includes an inclined main chute, an upper branch chute whose bottom ends are connected to both sides of the upper end of the main chute, and a lower branch chute whose top ends are connected to both sides of the lower end of the main chute. The top ends of the upper branch chute are inclined upward, and the bottom ends of the lower branch chute are inclined downward.

[0014] The top ends of the main chute and the upper branch chute are connected to a transverse chute, and the transverse chute is connected to the glacier movement simulation component.

[0015] The closing structure includes two lower baffles in an inverted "eight-shaped" structure and drainage plates fixedly connected to the two lower baffles respectively. The two drainage plates are arranged parallel to each other and are used for discharging glacial debris flows; the lower baffles and the drainage plates are fixed on the movable lower trough plate.

[0016] The bottom ends of the main chute and the lower branch chute are arranged toward the movable lower chute plate, and the debris flow is discharged through the space between the two guide plates.

[0017] The baffle assembly includes a baffle plate and a positioning strip vertically fixedly connected to the baffle plate. Both ends of the positioning strip are respectively provided with a clamping groove, and the clamping groove is clamped on the blocking plate in an interference fit. The baffle plate is movably arranged at the connection position between the upper branch chute or the lower branch chute and the main chute;

[0018] The sensor assembly includes a plurality of pressure sensors and a plurality of speed sensors. The pressure sensors are fixed on the baffle plate, and the baffle plate is arranged in the upper branch chute or the lower branch chute. The speed sensors are fixed at the outlet of the main chute.

[0019] The camera assembly includes a plurality of cameras, and the plurality of cameras are fixed on the positioning bar.

[0020] The positioning strips are connected to the blocking strips in a separate manner, and the number of the positioning strips can be adjusted according to actual circumstances.

[0021] The glacier movement simulation component includes a gear rod horizontally fixed to the top of the bracket, a gear meshing with the outer side of the gear rod, a central shaft coaxially passing through the gear, a moving base connected to the central shaft, and a drive motor. The central shaft is rotatably connected to the moving base, the drive motor is fixed to the moving base, and the moving base is movably clamped on the gear rod.

[0022] A storage box is fixed on the top of the movable seat, the bottom end of the storage box is communicated with the top end of the outflow pipe, and the bottom end of the outflow pipe is communicated with the horizontal chute.

[0023] The rotation adjustment assembly includes a fixed seat fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the movable upper slot plate, a rotating rod hinged at one end to the fixed seat, a connecting rod fixedly connected at one end to the side of the rotating rod, and an electric push rod hinged at the other end of the connecting rod, and the side of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the positioning seat;

[0024] It also includes adjusting cylinders respectively arranged at the bottom ends of the movable upper slot plates, the free ends of the adjusting cylinders are fixedly connected to the support blocks, the support blocks are provided with support grooves, and the outer sides of the movable upper slot plates are overlapped on the support grooves.

[0025] The limiting assembly includes two pushing cylinders respectively arranged on both sides of the movable upper slot plate, the free ends of the pushing cylinders movably abut against the outer side of the movable upper slot plate, and the bottom ends of the pushing cylinders are fixed on the bracket.

[0026] The suction assembly includes a suction pipe with one end connected to the interior of the main chute, a suction pump connected to the other end of the suction pipe, and a discharge pipe connected to the suction pump. The other end of the discharge pipe extends into the material receiving box, and the suction pipe passes through the movable upper trough plate.

[0027] The positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] (1) The flood burst simulation component proposed in this scheme achieves the following technical effects:

[0029] First, by setting up the main chute and the upper branch chute, the movement of multiple glacial lakes converged when a debris flow occurred was simulated;

[0030] The second is to set up the main chute and the lower branch chute to simulate the movement of glacial debris flow in different directions to form tributaries;

[0031] Third, it is equipped with movable upper and lower trough plates. Under the action of blocking slats, lower baffles and diversion plates, it can increase the outburst volume of glacial floods. When the magnitude of the debris flow is large, its movement can be observed;

[0032] (2) In this solution, a rotation adjustment component and a limit component are provided, and the two cooperate with each other to achieve the following technical effects:

[0033] First, the electric push rod, rotating rod and connecting rod drive the movable upper trough plate to rotate up and down, which helps to adjust the angle of the glacial debris flow and simulate the impact of the tilt angle on the glacial debris flow;

[0034] Secondly, by adjusting the action of the cylinder and the support block, the movable upper trough plate and the movable lower trough plate can be rotated left and right, realizing the simulation of the impact of left and right tilt on glacial debris flow;

[0035] (3) This scheme sets up a glacier movement simulation component, which achieves the following technical effects:

[0036] First, by setting up multiple storage boxes, setting up a temperature control system on the storage boxes to control the internal temperature, and multiple outflow pipes working simultaneously, it is possible to achieve the effect of simulating the occurrence of large-scale debris flow;

[0037] Secondly, the storage box moves back and forth along the rack under the interaction of the gear and the rack. During the movement of the storage box, the situation of debris flow under the moving glacier can be simulated;

[0038] (4) In this scheme, a suction component is set up to work together with the main chute, the upper branch chute and the lower branch chute. When the magnitude of the glacial debris flow is large, the glacial debris flow in the main chute is sucked into the material receiving box under the action of the suction component; at the same time, the speed of the debris flow is observed under the isolation of the upper branch chute and the lower branch chute. Through this simulation process, it is used to explore the prevention and control measures of the debris flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the physical simulation and prevention device in the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 It is the front view of the physical simulation and prevention device in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the flood burst simulation component in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a front view of the flood burst simulation component of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 It is a partial structural diagram of the flood burst simulation component in the present invention.

[0044] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotation adjustment component in the present invention.

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the glacier movement simulation component in the present invention.

[0046] Among them, the accompanying drawings are marked as: 1. movable lower trough plate; 2. positioning bar; 21. baffle plate; 3. adjusting cylinder; 4. support block; 5. movable upper trough plate; 51. fixed seat; 52. rotating rod; 53. connecting rod; 54. electric push rod; 55. positioning seat; 6. pushing cylinder; 7. material collecting box; 8. gear rod; 9. storage box; 91. outflow pipe; 10. moving mechanism; 101. moving seat; 102. driving motor; 103. gear; 11. main chute; 111. horizontal chute; 12. upper branch chute; 13. lower branch chute; 14. receiving trough; 15. suction pump; 16. discharge pipe; 17. blocking strip; 18. lower baffle; 19. drainage plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, this solution is described below through specific implementation methods.

[0048] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 A physical simulation and prevention device for glacial debris flow includes a bracket, a glacier movement simulation component is provided at the top of the bracket, a flood burst simulation component is provided near the bracket, the flood burst simulation component is connected to the rotation adjustment component, and the flood burst simulation component is also in contact with the limit component, and the limit component is fixed to the upper end of the bracket;

[0049] The flood burst simulation component is connected to the suction component, and the bottom end of the flood burst simulation component is connected to the receiving groove 14.

[0050] The flood burst simulation assembly includes an inclined movable upper trough plate 5 and a movable lower trough plate 1. The bottom end of the movable upper trough plate 5 is butt-jointed with the top end of the movable lower trough plate 1. The bottom end of the movable lower trough plate 1 is provided with a closing structure. The upper end surface of the movable upper trough plate 5 is provided with a chute assembly for the sliding of glacial debris flow, and blocking slats 17 are vertically provided on both sides.

[0051] The flood burst simulation component also includes a barrier component, a sensor component, and a camera component, and the barrier component is connected to the chute component.

[0052] The chute assembly includes an inclined main chute 11, an upper branch chute 12 whose bottom ends are connected to both sides of the upper end of the main chute 11, and a lower branch chute 13 whose top ends are connected to both sides of the lower end of the main chute 11. The top end of the upper branch chute 12 is inclined upward, and the bottom end of the lower branch chute 13 is inclined downward.

[0053] The top ends of the main chute 11 and the upper branch chute 12 are connected to the transverse chute 111 , and the transverse chute 111 is connected to the glacier movement simulation component.

[0054] The closing structure includes two lower baffles 18 in an inverted "eight" structure and drainage plates 19 fixedly connected to the two lower baffles 18 respectively. The two drainage plates 19 are arranged parallel to each other and are used to discharge glacial debris flows; the lower baffles 18 and the drainage plates 19 are fixed on the movable lower trough plate 1.

[0055] The baffle assembly includes a baffle plate 21 and a positioning bar 2 vertically fixedly connected to the baffle plate 21. The positioning bar 2 has a slot at each end. The slot is interference-fitted on the blocking plate 17. The baffle plate 21 is movably arranged at the connection between the upper branch chute 12 or the lower branch chute 13 and the main chute 11.

[0056] The sensor assembly includes multiple pressure sensors and multiple speed sensors. The pressure sensors are fixed on the baffle plate 21, which is set in the upper branch chute 12 or the lower branch chute 13. The speed sensor is fixed at the outlet of the main chute 11.

[0057] The camera assembly includes multiple cameras, which are fixed on the positioning bar 2.

[0058] The glacier movement simulation component includes a gear rod 8 fixed horizontally to the top of the bracket, a gear 103 meshing with the outer side of the gear rod 8, a central shaft coaxially passing through the gear 103, a moving base 101 connected to the central shaft, and a drive motor 102. The central shaft is rotatably connected to the moving base 101, the drive motor 102 is fixed to the moving base 101, and the moving base 101 is movably clamped on the gear rod 8.

[0059] A storage box 9 is fixed to the top of the movable seat 101 , the bottom end of the storage box 9 is communicated with the top end of the outflow pipe 91 , and the bottom end of the outflow pipe 91 is communicated with the horizontal chute 111 .

[0060] The gear rod 8 , the gear 103 , the central shaft, the moving base 10 , and the driving motor 102 constitute the moving mechanism 10 .

[0061] The rotation adjustment assembly includes a fixed base 51 fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the movable upper slot plate 5, a rotating rod 52 hinged at one end to the fixed base 51, a connecting rod 53 fixedly connected at one end to the side of the rotating rod 52, and an electric push rod 54 hinged at the other end of the connecting rod 53. The side of the rotating rod 52 is rotatably connected to the positioning base 55.

[0062] It also includes adjusting cylinders 3 respectively arranged at the bottom end of the movable upper slot plate 5, the free end of the adjusting cylinder 3 is fixedly connected to the support block 4, the support block 4 is provided with a support groove, and the outer side of the movable upper slot plate 5 is overlapped on the support groove.

[0063] The limiting assembly includes two pushing cylinders 6 respectively arranged on both sides of the movable upper slot plate 5. The free ends of the pushing cylinders 6 are movably pressed against the outer side of the movable upper slot plate 5, and the bottom ends of the pushing cylinders 6 are fixed on the bracket.

[0064] The suction assembly includes a suction pipe with one end connected to the interior of the main chute 11, a suction pump 15 connected to the other end of the suction pipe, and a discharge pipe 16 connected to the suction pump 15. The other end of the discharge pipe 16 extends into the material receiving box 7, and the suction pipe passes through the movable upper trough plate 5.

[0065] The detailed structural features not described in detail in this solution are based on the conventional operations of those skilled in the art and are all based on existing technologies, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0066] The specific working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0067] The flood burst simulation component proposed in this solution simulates the movement of multiple glacial lakes converging together when a debris flow occurs by setting up a main chute 11 and an upper branch chute 12.

[0068] At this time, the storage box 9 is opened, and the valve on the outflow pipe 91 is opened, so that the glacial debris flow flows out of the outflow pipe 91. The bottom ends of the outflow pipes 91 are connected to the horizontal chute 111. Therefore, the debris flow first enters the horizontal chute 111, and then enters the main chute 11 and the upper branch chute 12 from the horizontal chute 111.

[0069] Alternatively, the outflow pipe 91 may be directly connected to the main chute 11 and the upper branch chute 12, so that the glacial debris flow directly enters the main chute 11 and the upper branch chute 12;

[0070] The main chute 11 and the lower branch chute 13 are provided in this solution to simulate the movement of glacial debris flow in different directions when it slides down. That is, when the debris flow slides down in the main chute 11, part of it will enter the lower branch chute 13 to form branches, which is consistent with the actual situation.

[0071] The movable upper trough plate 5 and the movable lower trough plate 1 are provided. Under the action of the blocking slats 17, the lower baffle 18 and the diversion plate 19, the outburst volume of the glacial flood can be increased. When the magnitude of the debris flow is large, its movement is observed;

[0072] Specifically, when the glacial debris flow is large, it will overflow from the main chute 11, the upper branch chute 12, and the lower branch chute 13, and then enter the movable upper trough plate 5, and then slide down to the movable lower trough plate 1, which is used to observe the movement of simulated glacial debris when the flow rate is large;

[0073] In this solution, a rotation adjustment component and a limit component are provided, which cooperate with each other to drive the movable upper trough plate 5 to rotate up and down through the action of the electric push rod 54, the rotating rod 52 and the connecting rod 53, which helps to adjust the angle of the glacial debris flow and simulate the influence of the tilt angle on the glacial debris flow;

[0074] The electric push rod 54 drives the connecting rod 53 to swing up and down, thereby driving the rotating rod 52 to rotate, thereby driving the upper and lower rotation adjustment of the movable trough plate 5; by adjusting the action of the cylinder 3 and the support block 4, the movable upper trough plate 5 and the movable lower trough plate 1 can be rotated left and right, realizing the simulation of the effect of left and right tilt on glacial debris flow; under the support of the support blocks 4 on both sides, the movable upper trough plate 5 and the movable lower trough plate 1 can be tilted left and right;

[0075] In this solution, a push cylinder 6 is further provided to limit the two sides of the movable upper groove plate 5 so that its position is more stable;

[0076] The working principles of the electric push rod 54, the regulating cylinder 3 and the pushing cylinder 6 are prior art and can be directly observed in the accompanying drawings, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0077] This solution sets up a glacier movement simulation component. By setting up multiple storage boxes 9, a temperature control system is set on the storage boxes 9 to control the internal temperature. Multiple outflow pipes 91 work simultaneously, which can achieve the effect of simulating the occurrence of large-scale debris flow.

[0078] The storage box 9 moves forward and backward along the gear 103 and the gear rod 8 under the interaction of the gear 103 and the gear rod 8. During the movement of the storage box 9, the situation of a debris flow under a moving glacier can be simulated.

[0079] In this solution, a suction component is provided to work together with the main chute 11, the upper branch chute 12 and the lower branch chute 13. When the magnitude of the glacial debris flow is large, the glacial debris flow in the main chute 11 is sucked into the material receiving box 7 under the action of the suction component; at the same time, the speed of the debris flow is observed under the isolation of the upper branch chute 12 and the lower branch chute 13. Through this simulation process, it is used to explore the prevention and control measures of the debris flow.

[0080] After studying the debris flow movement in this plan, the following prevention and control measures can be concluded:

[0081] First, by increasing the number of upper branch chutes 12 and lower branch chutes 13, it is helpful to mitigate the impact of a large amount of debris flow. In practical applications, more drainage channels can be designed and interconnected.

[0082] Secondly, through inspiration from the suction component, more deep pits can be dug in the sunken areas of the mountain, with a depth of no more than 1 meter, which helps to block mudslides.

[0083] Technical features not described in the present invention can be achieved through or by adopting existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A physical simulation and prevention device for glacial debris flow, comprising a bracket, characterized in that: A glacier movement simulation component is provided at the top of the bracket, and a flood burst simulation component is provided near the bracket. The flood burst simulation component is connected to the rotation adjustment component, and the flood burst simulation component is also in contact with the limit component, and the limit component is fixed to the upper end of the bracket; The flood burst simulation component is connected to the suction component, and the bottom end of the flood burst simulation component is connected to the receiving groove (14).

2. A device for physical simulation and prevention of glacial debris flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flood burst simulation assembly comprises an inclined movable upper trough plate (5) and a movable lower trough plate (1), the bottom end of the movable upper trough plate (5) being butt-jointed with the top end of the movable lower trough plate (1), and the bottom end of the movable lower trough plate (1) being provided with a closing structure; the upper end surface of the movable upper trough plate (5) is provided with a chute assembly for sliding down glacial debris flow, and blocking strips (17) are respectively vertically provided on both sides; The flood burst simulation component also includes a barrier component, a sensor component, and a camera component, and the barrier component is connected to the chute component.

3. The device for physical simulation and prevention of glacial debris flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chute assembly comprises a main chute (11) arranged obliquely, an upper branch chute (12) whose bottom ends are respectively connected to both sides of the upper end of the main chute (11), and a lower branch chute (13) whose top ends are respectively connected to both sides of the lower end of the main chute (11), wherein the top end of the upper branch chute (12) is arranged obliquely upward, and the bottom end of the lower branch chute (13) is arranged obliquely downward; The top ends of the main chute (11) and the upper branch chute (12) are connected to a transverse chute (111), and the transverse chute (111) is connected to the glacier movement simulation component.

4. The device for physical simulation and prevention of glacial debris flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closing structure comprises two lower baffles (18) in an inverted "eight" structure, and drainage plates (19) respectively fixedly connected to the two lower baffles (18), the two drainage plates (19) being arranged parallel to each other and used for discharging glacial debris flows; the lower baffles (18) and the drainage plates (19) are fixed to the movable lower trough plate (1).

5. The device for physical simulation and prevention of glacial debris flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle assembly comprises a baffle plate (21), a positioning bar (2) vertically fixedly connected to the baffle plate (21), a clamping groove is respectively provided at both ends of the positioning bar (2), and the clamping groove is clamped on the blocking plate (17) in an interference fit manner, and the baffle plate (21) is movably arranged at the connection position between the upper branch chute (12) or the lower branch chute (13) and the main chute (11); The sensor assembly includes a plurality of pressure sensors and a plurality of speed sensors, wherein the pressure sensors are fixed on the baffle plate (21), the baffle plate (21) is arranged in the upper branch chute (12) or the lower branch chute (13), and the speed sensors are fixed at the outlet position of the main chute (11); The camera assembly comprises a plurality of cameras, and the plurality of cameras are fixed on the positioning bar (2).

6. The device for physical simulation and prevention of glacial debris flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glacier movement simulation component comprises a gear rod (8) fixed horizontally to the top of the bracket, a gear (103) meshingly connected to the outer side of the gear rod (8), a central shaft coaxially passing through the gear (103), a moving seat (101) connected to the central shaft, and a driving motor (102), wherein the central shaft is rotatably connected to the moving seat (101), the driving motor (102) is fixed to the moving seat (101), and the moving seat (101) is movably clamped on the gear rod (8); A storage box (9) is fixed to the top of the movable seat (101), the bottom end of the storage box (9) is connected to the top end of the outflow pipe (91), and the bottom end of the outflow pipe (91) is connected to the horizontal chute (111).

7. The device for physical simulation and prevention of glacial debris flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation adjustment assembly comprises a fixed seat (51) fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the movable upper slot plate (5), a rotating rod (52) hinged at one end to the fixed seat (51), a connecting rod (53) fixedly connected at one end to the side of the rotating rod (52), and an electric push rod (54) hingedly connected to the other end of the connecting rod (53), and the side of the rotating rod (52) is rotatably connected to the positioning seat (55); It also includes regulating cylinders (3) respectively arranged at the bottom ends of the movable upper slot plates (5), the free ends of the regulating cylinders (3) being fixedly connected to the support blocks (4), the support blocks (4) being provided with support grooves, and the outer sides of the movable upper slot plates (5) being overlapped on the support grooves.

8. The device for physical simulation and prevention of glacial debris flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting assembly comprises two pushing cylinders (6) respectively arranged on both sides of the movable upper slot plate (5), the free ends of the pushing cylinders (6) movably abut against the outer side of the movable upper slot plate (5), and the bottom ends of the pushing cylinders (6) are fixed on the bracket.

9. The device for physical simulation and prevention of glacial debris flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction assembly comprises a suction pipe having one end connected to the interior of the main chute (11), a suction pump (15) connected to the other end of the suction pipe, and a discharge pipe (16) connected to the suction pump (15), wherein the other end of the discharge pipe (16) extends into the material receiving box (7), and the suction pipe passes through the movable upper trough plate (5).

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