A slope protection reinforcing structure and method using expansive soil

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of slope protection reinforcing structure and method using expansive soil, and reinforcing structure includes: slope body, with slope top, slope and slope bottom;Geotextile is laid on slope;Chassis is carried on slope bottom, with the accommodating cavity of upper opening, and the geotextile bag is filled in accommodating cavity;Slope frame is arranged and stacked along the slope surface, and the bottom has bearing plate, and the front side of bearing plate is equipped with sticking plate, and sticking plate is equipped with anchor hole;Anchor rod is inserted into rock-soil in slope and is inserted into slope;Positioning member is used to position the adjacent stack of upper and lower slope frame.This application effectively blocks rainwater from directly infiltrating into the deep slope by laying geotextile on the slope, reduces the erosion of rainwater on the surface layer of slope soil, and also avoids the softening of soil caused by rainwater infiltration, thereby significantly reducing the risk of slope instability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of slope construction, and in particular to a slope protection and reinforcement structure and method using expansive soil. Background Art

[0002] In engineering construction, slope stability is one of the key factors in ensuring construction safety and structural stability. Especially in mountainous and hilly areas and areas with complex geological conditions, slopes are often subject to risks such as landslides and collapses. As the saying goes, "no landslides without water." Rainwater infiltration is one of the main causes of landslides. Repeated dry-wet cycles in the atmosphere often cause crisscrossing cracks in the shallow surface layer of expansive soil, providing convenient channels for rainwater infiltration, causing the physical and mechanical properties of the shallow surface soil of the slope to deteriorate sharply, thereby inducing slope instability. Geotextiles can be used to reduce rainwater infiltration deep into the slope, but simple geotextiles are easily blown away, and geotextiles also make it difficult to plant greenery on them. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a slope protection and reinforcement structure using expansive soil.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A slope protection and reinforcement structure using expansive soil comprises: a slope body having a slope top, a slope and a slope bottom arranged in sequence from front to back; a geotextile laid on the slope, with the upper end partially covering the slope top and the lower end covering the slope bottom; a base frame supported at the slope bottom, having a receiving cavity with an upper opening, the receiving cavity being filled with a geobag, and the geobag being filled with expansive soil; an inclined paving frame arranged and stacked along the slope surface, with a bearing plate at the bottom, a bonding plate being provided on the front side of the bearing plate, the bonding plate being bonded to the slope surface, and the bonding plate being bonded to the slope surface. The plywood is provided with anchor through-holes, and the lowest inclined paving frame is carried on the base frame, and the bearing plate carries a geobag; the left and right sides of the inclined paving frame are provided with abutment vertical rods and rear vertical rods arranged in sequence from front to back, and the rear vertical rod of the upper inclined paving frame is abutted against the abutment vertical rod of the adjacent inclined paving frame below; the rear vertical rod is provided with a first through-hole, and the abutment vertical rod is provided with a first limiting hole, and the first through-hole on the upper inclined paving frame is aligned with the first limiting hole on the lower inclined paving frame and a positioning piece is inserted; the anchor rod is passed through the anchor through-hole and inserted into the rock and soil of the slope.

[0006] Furthermore, a supporting cross bar is provided at the middle of the vertical bar; the rear vertical bar is provided at the rear side of the bearing plate; the bearing plate of the upper diagonal paving frame is supported by the supporting cross bar of the adjacent diagonal paving frame below.

[0007] Furthermore, the diagonal frame is provided with a middle vertical rod between the rear vertical rod and the abutting vertical rod, and the middle vertical rod is provided with a second through-hole aligned with the first through-hole; the positioning piece is a limiting column, and the limiting column comprises a column head, a column rod and a stud; the column head, column rod and stud are coaxially connected in sequence and their diameters decrease in sequence; the column head is movably passed through the first through-hole; the column rod is movably passed through the second through-hole, the stud extends out of the second through-hole and is connected to a limiting nut, and a compression spring is sleeved on the column rod, one end of the compression spring abuts against the column head, and the other end abuts against the middle vertical rod; the limiting column has a to-be-assembled state and a limited state; in the limited state, the column head is inserted into the aligned first through-hole and the first limiting hole, and the limiting nut abuts against the middle vertical rod; in the to-be-assembled state, one end of the column head facing away from the compression spring is buried in the first through-hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the rear vertical rod, the middle vertical rod and the upper end of the abutting vertical rod are connected by an inclined connecting rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the second perforated wall is provided with a sliding groove extending in the front-to-back direction, and the front end peripheral wall of the column rod is provided with a convex strip, and the convex strip can slide in the sliding groove; the front side wall of the middle vertical rod is provided with a positioning groove circumferentially staggered with the sliding groove at the edge of the second perforated hole, the column head can rotate and move in the first perforated hole, and the column rod can rotate and move in the second perforated hole; in the limited state, the convex strip is embedded in the sliding groove; in the state to be assembled, the convex strip is separated from the sliding groove and is staggered with the sliding groove, and the rear end of the convex strip is embedded in the positioning groove.

[0010] Furthermore, upwardly extending abutment rods are provided on both sides of the left and right upper ends of the base frame; the rear vertical rod on the lowest diagonal paving frame abuts against the abutment rod, and the abutment rod is provided with a second limiting hole, and the first through-hole of the lowest diagonal paving frame is aligned with the second limiting hole and can be inserted with a positioning piece.

[0011] Furthermore, the anchor rod is hollow, the diameter of the anchor rod is smaller than the anchor through-hole, the peripheral wall where the anchor rod is inserted into the rock and soil is provided with a through-hole, the peripheral wall where the end of the anchor rod is inserted into the rock and soil is provided with a protruding column, one end of the anchor rod extends out of the anchor through-hole and is provided with a limiting plate, and the limiting plate is fitted with the fitting plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a positioning column is provided on the side of the limit plate facing the anchor hole, the positioning column is adapted to the anchor hole, the positioning column is inserted into the anchor hole, a passage slot is provided on the peripheral wall of the anchor hole, the bonding plate is provided with an avoidance groove on the side facing the slope, the avoidance groove is provided with an abutment wall, a limiting block is provided on the peripheral wall of the positioning column that can movably pass through the passage slot, the limiting block can pass through the passage slot into the avoidance groove and rotate in the avoidance groove until it is abutted with the abutment wall, and the limiting block abutted with the abutment wall is staggered with the passage slot.

[0013] The present invention also provides a slope protection and reinforcement method using expansive soil, comprising the following steps: S1, excavating to form the top, slope and bottom of the slope body; S2, excavating and constructing a seepage ditch on the side of the bottom of the slope; S3, laying a geotextile from the top to the bottom of the slope; S4, laying a three-dimensional composite drainage net on the geotextile on the slope; S5, installing a base frame on the bottom of the slope, and placing geobags in the accommodating cavity of the base frame; S6, stacking inclined paving frames on the base frame along the slope, and positioning the upper and lower adjacent inclined paving frames by positioning pieces, passing anchor rods through anchor holes and inserting them into the rock and soil of the slope, and placing geobags on the bearing plate; S7, backfilling the top of the slope with soil to form a top soil layer, laying soil on the inclined paving frames on the slope to form a grass-planting soil layer, and planting grass for greening.

[0014] Furthermore, step S6 specifically includes: S61, adjusting the upper limit columns of all the diagonal paving frames to the state to be assembled, so that the convex strips are misaligned with the slide grooves and the rear end of the convex strips are embedded in the positioning grooves, and the end of the column head facing away from the compression spring is buried in the first through-hole; S62, placing the supporting plate of the first diagonal paving frame on the base frame, abutting the rear vertical rod of the first diagonal paving frame against the abutting rod, and rotating the convex strips out of the positioning grooves to align with the slide grooves, and the convex strips are automatically snapped into the second limiting holes; S63, installing the diagonal paving frames one by one, and making the supporting plate of the upper diagonal paving frame bear on the supporting crossbar of the adjacent diagonal paving frame below, and the rear vertical rod of the upper diagonal paving frame abuts against the abutting rod of the adjacent diagonal paving frame below. The vertical rod is used to support the inclined frame, and the first through-hole on the upper inclined frame is aligned with the first limiting hole on the lower inclined frame. The limiting column is adjusted to the limiting state so that the limiting column is inserted into the aligned first through-hole and the first limiting hole; S64, drilling a hole in the rock and soil of the slope from the anchor through-hole to form an embedded hole, inserting the anchor rod into the anchor through-hole and the embedded hole, and at the same time inserting the positioning column into the anchor through-hole until the limiting block passes through the passage slot and enters the avoidance slot, rotating the anchor rod so that the limiting block rotates in the avoidance slot until it fits against the wall, so that the limiting block is staggered with the passage slot; S65, grouting is injected into the anchor rod so that the mortar passes through the through-hole to fill the gap between the anchor rod wall and the embedded hole.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] By laying a geotextile on the slope, with its upper end partially covering the top and its lower end covering the bottom, a complete waterproof barrier is formed, effectively preventing rainwater from directly penetrating deeper into the slope. This reduces rainwater erosion of the shallow surface soil and prevents soil softening caused by rainwater infiltration, significantly reducing the risk of slope instability. By filling the base frame's cavities and the support plates of the inclined frame with geobags filled with expansive soil, the soil's expansion properties are utilized to apply pressure to the slope when it swells in contact with water, thereby enhancing slope stability. Anchor rods inserted through the inclined frame's anchor holes and into the slope's rock and soil securely secure the inclined frame to the slope, further enhancing its overall stability. The inclined frames are arranged and stacked along the slope's surface. The support plates and bonding plates at the bottom are designed to fit snugly to the slope's surface, ensuring structural stability. Compared to monolithic geocells, the inclined frame can be mass-produced and transported to the desired location for assembly, eliminating the need for pouring geocells into the slope, improving construction efficiency. The inclined frame's modular design makes each frame small and lightweight, making it easy to manufacture and transport. The rear vertical bars of the upper inclined frame abut against the vertical bars of the adjacent inclined frame below, ensuring that adjacent inclined frames are stacked and positioned against each other, preventing the upper inclined frame from sliding down the slope. Positioning members inserted into the first perforations and first stop holes position the adjacent inclined frames, ensuring stacking stability. The base frame is supported at the bottom of the slope, and its upper opening contains geobags filled with expansive soil, providing a solid base support for the entire slope protection and reinforcement structure, effectively preventing slippage and collapse at the slope's base. The inclined frames and geobags can be flexibly combined and stacked according to the specific size and shape of the slope, making the construction process simple and fast, significantly reducing construction difficulty and cost. Expansive soil is a common, widely available, and low-cost special rock and soil. Using expansive soil as fill material not only effectively utilizes local resources but also reduces reliance on other high-cost materials, further reducing project costs. The geotextile can be securely laid on the slope through the use of tilted frames and anchor rods, preventing the geotextile from being blown away by factors such as wind. While soil can be laid on the tilted frames and geobags to cover them, the stepped stacking of the tilted frames and geobags also provides a relatively stable foundation for the soil, making it less likely for the soil laid on top of the geotextile to slide and erode.

[0017] In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is an axonometric drawing of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the base frame, inclined laying frame, anchor rods and geobags;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the base frame, inclined laying frame and anchor rod;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the chassis;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the inclined laying frame, anchor rods and positioning parts;

[0025] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the decomposed state structure;

[0026] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0027] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A magnified view of point A;

[0028] Figure 10 It is a partial schematic diagram of the disassembled state of the inclined laying frame and anchor rods;

[0029] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inclined laying frame and the positioning parts in the state to be assembled;

[0030] Figure 12 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the inclined frame and the positioning parts in a state ready for assembly;

[0031] Figure 13 yes Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the decomposed state structure;

[0032] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Enlarged view of point B.

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] Slope body 100, slope top 110, slope top soil layer 111, slope 120, embedded hole 121, grass soil layer 122, slope bottom 130, gravel layer 131;

[0035] Geotextile 200;

[0036] Base frame 300, accommodating cavity 310, abutting rod 320, and second limiting hole 321;

[0037] Diagonal paving frame 400, carrying plate 410, bonding plate 420, anchor through-hole 421, passage slot 422, avoidance slot 423, abutment wall 424, abutment vertical rod 430, first limiting hole 431, rear vertical rod 440, first through-hole 441, supporting crossbar 450, middle vertical rod 460, second through-hole 461, slide groove 462, positioning groove 463, connecting rod 470;

[0038] Anchor rod 500, through hole 510, boss 520, limiting plate 530, positioning column 540, limiting block 541;

[0039] Limiting column 600, column head 610, column rod 620, protruding strip 621, stud 630, limiting nut 631; compression spring 640;

[0040] Geobag 101, infiltration ditch 102. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0042] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0044] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the fact that they can be implemented by ordinary technicians in this field. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one preferred embodiment of the present application, a slope protection and reinforcement structure using expansive soil comprises a slope body 100, a geotextile 200, a base frame 300, an inclined frame 400, an anchor rod 500, and a positioning member.

[0046] The slope body 100 has a slope top 110, a slope 120, and a slope bottom 130 arranged in sequence from front to back.

[0047] The geotextile 200 is laid on the slope 120, with the upper end portion covering the slope top 110 and the lower end covering the slope bottom 130. The geotextile 200 is made of waterproof material, thereby preventing water from penetrating into the rock-soil of the slope body 100.

[0048] The base frame 300 is carried on the slope bottom 130, and has an upper open accommodating cavity 310 filled with a geotextile bag 101 filled with expansive soil.

[0049] The inclined frame 400 is arranged and stacked along the slope surface of the slope 120, i.e., is inclined and stacked along the slope surface of the slope 120. The inclined frame 400 has a carrying plate 410 at the bottom, and the carrying plate 410 is provided with a fitting plate 420 on the front side, which is fitted to the slope surface of the slope 120. The fitting plate 420 is provided with an anchor hole 421. The lowermost inclined frame 400 is carried on the base frame 300, and the carrying plate 410 carries the geotextile bag 101, thereby further reinforcing the slope and the inclined frame 400 by gravity. The inclined frame 400 is provided with a leaning vertical rod 430, a rear vertical rod 440, and a supporting horizontal rod 450 arranged in sequence from front to back on the left and right sides. The rear vertical rod 440 of the upper inclined frame 400 is in abutment with the leaning vertical rod 430 of the lower adjacent inclined frame 400; thereby achieving abutment positioning when the adjacent inclined frames 400 are stacked, and the lower inclined frame 400 stably supports the upper inclined frame 400, thereby preventing the upper inclined frame 400 from moving downward along the slope surface. In order to improve the structural strength, the front ends of the supporting horizontal rods 450 on the left and right sides are connected by a connecting rod, the front ends of the supporting horizontal rods 450 are connected to the fitting plate 420 below by a supporting rod, and the upper ends of the rear vertical rod 440, the middle vertical rod 460, and the leaning vertical rod 430 are connected by an inclined connecting rod 470, thereby forming a whole structure. Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 The rear vertical rod 440 is provided with a first hole 441, and the leaning vertical rod 430 is provided with a first limiting hole 431. The first hole 441 of the upper inclined frame 400 is aligned with the first limiting hole 431 of the lower inclined frame 400 and is inserted with a positioning member; the positioning member is used for positioning the upper and lower adjacent stacked inclined frames 400. Thereby, the positioning member is inserted into the first hole 441 and the first limiting hole 431 to position the upper and lower adjacent stacked inclined frames 400, thereby ensuring the stability of the stacking.

[0050] ​​The anchor rod 500 is passed through the anchor hole 421 and inserted into the rock and soil of the slope 120 .

[0051] The present invention provides a slope protection and reinforcement structure using expansive soil. By laying a geotextile 200 on a slope 120, with its upper end partially covering the top 110 and its lower end covering the bottom 130, a complete waterproof barrier can be formed, effectively preventing rainwater from directly penetrating deep into the slope. This reduces rainwater erosion of the shallow surface soil of the slope and avoids soil softening caused by rainwater infiltration, thereby significantly reducing the risk of slope instability. By filling the accommodating cavity 310 of the base frame 300 and the bearing plate 410 of the inclined paving frame 400 with geobags 101 filled with expansive soil, the expansive soil is utilized to apply a certain pressure to the slope when it swells in contact with water, thereby compacting and reinforcing the inclined paving frame 400 and enhancing the stability of the slope. Anchor rods 500 are provided through the anchor holes 421 of the inclined paving frame 400 and inserted into the rock and soil of the slope 120, which can firmly fix the inclined paving frame 400 on the slope, further enhancing the overall stability of the slope. The diagonal paving frames 400 are arranged and stacked along the slope 120. The design of the supporting plates 410 and the bonding plates 420 at the bottom enables them to fit closely to the slope surface, ensuring the stability of the structure. At the same time, the positioning of the adjacent diagonal paving frames 400 stacked above and below is performed by positioning members, further enhancing the integrity and durability of the structure. The base frame 300 is supported at the bottom of the slope 130. The upper opening of the base frame 300 is filled with geobags 101 filled with expansive soil, providing a solid bottom support for the entire slope protection reinforcement structure and effectively preventing sliding and collapse at the bottom of the slope. The diagonal paving frames 400 and geobags 101 can be flexibly combined and stacked according to the specific size and shape of the slope, making the construction process simple and fast, greatly reducing the construction difficulty and cost. Expansive soil is a common special rock and soil with a wide range of sources and low cost. Using expansive soil as filling material not only effectively utilizes local resources, but also reduces dependence on other high-cost materials, further reducing the project cost. The geotextile 200 can be securely laid on the slope by the inclined frame 400 and the anchor rods 500, preventing the geotextile from being blown away by factors such as wind. Soil can be laid on the inclined frame 400 and the geobags 101 to cover them. The stepped stacking of the inclined frame 400 and the geobags 101 also provides a relatively stable foundation for the soil, making it less likely for the soil laid on top of the geotextile 200 to slide and escape.

[0052] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments of the present invention, a support crossbar 450 is provided against the middle of the vertical rod 430; the rear vertical rod 440 is provided on the rear side of the supporting plate 410; the supporting plate 410 of the upper diagonal paving frame 400 is supported on the support crossbar 450 of the adjacent diagonal paving frame 400 below.

[0053] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 In a further embodiment of the present invention, the diagonal paving frame 400 is provided with a middle vertical rod 460 between the rear vertical rod 440 and the abutting vertical rod 430. The middle vertical rod 460 is provided with a second through-hole 461 aligned with the first through-hole 441. The positioning member is a limiting column 600, which includes a column head 610, a column rod 620, and a stud 630. The column head 610, the column rod 620, and the stud 630 are coaxially connected in sequence and have decreasing diameters. The column head 610 has a diameter that matches the first through-hole 441 and is movably inserted into the first through-hole 441. The column rod 620 has a diameter that matches the second through-hole 461. The column rod 620 is movably inserted into the second through-hole 461. The stud 630 extends out of the second through-hole 461 and is connected to a limiting nut 631. The outer periphery of the limiting nut 631 is larger than that of the second through-hole 461. A compression spring 640 is sleeved on the column 620, one end of the compression spring 640 abuts against the column head 610, and the other end abuts against the middle vertical rod 460; the limiting column 600 has a ready-to-assemble state and a limiting state; in the limiting state, the column head 610 is inserted into the aligned first through-hole 441 and the first limiting hole 431 to achieve the positioning and limiting of the upper and lower adjacent diagonal paving frames 400, and the limiting nut 631 abuts against the middle vertical rod 460, thereby preventing the column 620 from being separated from the second through-hole 461. Figure 6 , the column head 610 in the limited state extends out of the first through hole 441. Figure 11 and Figure 12 When in the assembly state, the end of the stud 610 facing away from the compression spring 640 is embedded in the first through-hole 441. Therefore, during the installation process, the stud 610 does not protrude from the first through-hole 441, reducing structural interference during the installation process. It is understood that, to facilitate installation, in some embodiments, the first limiting hole 431 can be a circular hole slightly larger than the stud 610; of course, in other embodiments, the first limiting hole 431 can also be an elongated hole extending in the vertical direction, with the length of the elongated hole being between 1.0 and 1.2 times the diameter of the stud 610, and the width of the elongated hole being adapted to the diameter of the stud 610.

[0054] Reference Figure 11 、 Figure 12 、 Figure 13 and Figure 14In a further embodiment of the present invention, a sliding groove 462 extending in the front-to-back direction is provided on the peripheral wall of the second through-hole 461, and a convex strip 621 is provided on the peripheral wall of the front end of the column rod 620, and the convex strip 621 can slide in the sliding groove 462; a positioning groove 463 circumferentially staggered with the sliding groove 462 is provided on the front side wall of the middle vertical rod 460 at the edge of the second through-hole 461, and the column head 610 can rotate and move in the first through-hole 441, and the column rod 620 can rotate and move in the second through-hole 461; in the limited state, the convex strip 621 is embedded in the sliding groove 462; in the assembly state, the convex strip 621 is staggered with the sliding groove 462 and the rear end of the convex strip 621 is embedded in the positioning groove 463. In the initial state, the limiting post 600 is usually in a ready-to-assemble state. When the diagonal paving frame 400 is installed in place and the first through-hole 441 is aligned with the corresponding first limiting hole 431, the limiting post 600 can be pulled outward to disengage the protrusion 621 from the positioning groove 463. Then, the limiting post 600 is rotated. When the protrusion 621 is aligned with the slide groove 462, the spring acts to cause the column head 610 to extend out of the first through-hole 441 and insert into the corresponding first limiting hole 431, thus reaching the limited state and achieving the positioning and stacking between the diagonal paving frames 400. The positioning groove 463 can be used to limit the limiting post 600 in the ready-to-assemble state, so that it remains in the ready-to-assemble state. When installed, the column head 610 does not protrude from the first through-hole 441, reducing structural interference during the installation process. After installation, the limiting post 600 can be switched to another state by simply operating the limiting post 600, thereby achieving the positioning and stacking between the diagonal paving frames 400. The operation is simple and convenient.

[0055] Reference Figure 11 、 Figure 12 、 Figure 13 and Figure 14 In a further embodiment of the present invention, upwardly extending abutment rods 320 are provided on both left and right sides of the upper end of the base frame 300. The rear vertical rods 440 on the lowest diagonal berth 400 abut against the abutment rods 320, thereby enabling the base frame 300 to support the diagonal berth 400. The abutment rods 320 are provided with second limiting holes 321. The first through-holes 441 of the lowest diagonal berth 400 align with the second limiting holes 321 and can accommodate positioning members. This ensures that the lowest diagonal berth 400 and the base frame 300 are positioned and stacked.

[0056] Reference Figure 6 、 Figure 7In some embodiments of the present invention, the anchor rod 500 is hollow and has a diameter smaller than the anchor through-hole 421. Typically, a hole is drilled into the slope's rock and soil through the anchor through-hole 421 to form the embedded hole 121. The anchor rod 500 has a diameter smaller than the embedded hole 121, so that a grouting space exists between the anchor rod 500's peripheral wall and the embedded hole 121. A through-hole 510 is provided on the peripheral wall where the anchor rod 500 is inserted into the rock and soil, and a protrusion 520 is provided on the peripheral wall where the anchor rod 500 is inserted into the rock and soil. One end of the anchor rod 500 extends out of the anchor through-hole 421 and is provided with a limiting plate 530, which is in contact with the bonding plate 420. Thus, by injecting grout into the anchor rod 500, mortar can enter the grouting space through the through-hole 510. The protrusion 520 prevents the anchor rod 500 from being easily pulled out after the mortar solidifies. The limiting plate 530 is fitted with the fitting plate 420 so that the insertion depth of the anchor rod 500 is limited. Usually, a grouting pipe head is provided at the outer end of the limiting plate 530 to facilitate the connection of the grouting pipeline.

[0057] Reference Figure 8 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 In some embodiments of the present invention, a positioning column 540 is provided on the side of the limit plate 530 facing the anchor through-hole 421. The positioning column 540 protrudes outward from the peripheral wall of the anchor rod 500. The diameter of the positioning column 540 is larger than that of the anchor rod 500. The diameter of the positioning column 540 is adapted to the anchor through-hole 421, thereby centering the anchor rod 500, so that the anchor rod 500 does not deviate from the center of the embedded hole 121, so that a relatively uniform annular grouting space is formed, ensuring the contact area between the mortar and the inner wall of the embedded hole 121 after solidification, and ensuring the anchoring effect. The positioning column 540 is inserted into the anchor through hole 421, and the wall around the anchor through hole 421 is provided with a passage slot 422. The side of the bonding plate 420 facing the slope 120 is provided with an avoidance groove 423. The passage slot 422 is connected to the avoidance groove 423. The avoidance groove 423 is provided with abutment wall 424. The wall around the positioning column 540 is provided with a limit block 541 that can movably pass through the passage slot 422. The limit block 541 can pass through the passage slot 422 into the avoidance groove 423 and in the avoidance groove. Allow the groove 423 to rotate until it is in contact with the wall 424, and the limit block 541 in contact with the wall 424 is staggered from the passage slot 422, that is, when the limit block 541 is in contact with the wall 424, the limit block 541 is staggered from the passage slot 422, thereby realizing axial limitation of the anchor rod 500, so that after the anchor rod 500 is installed in place, during grouting, the anchor rod 500 will not move axially outward due to the grouting pressure, thereby affecting the smooth progress of grouting.

[0058] The present invention also provides a slope protection and reinforcement method using expansive soil, comprising the following steps S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 and S7.

[0059] S1 , excavating to form the top 110 , the slope 120 and the bottom 130 of the slope body 100 .

[0060] S2, excavating and constructing the seepage ditch 102 on the side of the slope bottom 130. That is, the seepage ditch 102 is located at the rear side of the slope bottom 130.

[0061] S3, laying geotextile 200 from the top 110 to the bottom 130 of the slope.

[0062] S4: A three-dimensional composite drainage mesh is laid on the geotextile 200 on the slope 120. Gravel is also typically laid on the geotextile 200 at the bottom 130 of the slope to form a gravel layer 131, thereby directing water seeping down from the slope 120 to the infiltration ditch 102. The base frame 300 rests on the gravel layer 131.

[0063] S5: Install the base frame 300 on the slope bottom 130 and place the geobag 101 in the receiving cavity 310 of the base frame 300. This reinforces the slope bottom. Furthermore, concrete and drainage ditches can be poured between the base frame 300 and the seepage ditch 102 to fill the gap between them.

[0064] S6, stack the diagonal laying frames 400 along the slope 120 on the base frame 300, and the upper and lower adjacent stacked diagonal laying frames 400 are positioned by positioning pieces, and the anchor rods 500 are passed through the anchor holes 421 and inserted into the rock and soil of the slope 120, and the geobags 101 are placed on the bearing plate 410 to compress the geotextile 200 diagonal laying frames 400.

[0065] S7, the top of the slope 110 is backfilled with soil to form a top soil layer 111, and soil is laid on the inclined paving frame 400 of the slope 120 to form a grass-planting soil layer 122 and grass is planted for greening.

[0066] The present invention provides a slope protection and reinforcement method using expansive soil. By laying a geotextile 200 from the top 110 to the bottom 130 of the slope, and laying a three-dimensional composite drainage net on the geotextile 200 on the slope 120, it not only effectively prevents rainwater from directly penetrating deep into the slope, but also can quickly guide the infiltrated rainwater to the seepage ditch at the bottom 130 of the slope for discharge. The seepage ditch is excavated below the side of the bottom 130 of the slope to provide a clear drainage channel for the guided rainwater, further improving the drainage system of the slope and ensuring the stability of the slope in rainy weather. The inclined paving frame 400 is arranged and stacked along the slope surface of the slope 120 and is positioned by positioning members to ensure the stability of the structure. The anchor rod 500 is inserted into the anchor hole 421 of the inclined paving frame 400 and into the rock and soil of the slope 120, further firmly fixing the inclined paving frame 400 on the slope, enhancing the overall stability of the slope and effectively preventing landslides and collapses. Through the securing action of the inclined laying frame 400 and the anchor rods 500, the geotextile 200 can be securely laid on the slope 120, preventing the geotextile 200 from being blown away by factors such as wind. Simultaneously, soil is laid on the inclined laying frame 400 on the slope 120 to form a grass planting layer 122, which is then planted for greening. This not only beautifies the environment but also further enhances the stability of the slope, achieving an organic combination of ecological and engineering protection. Backfilling soil at the top of the slope 110 to form a top soil layer 111 provides a good foundation for grass planting and further promotes the recovery and stability of the slope ecosystem.

[0067] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, step S6 specifically includes steps S61, S62, S63, S64 and S65.

[0068] S61, adjust the upper limit columns 600 of all inclined paving frames 400 to the assembly state, so that the protrusion 621 is misaligned with the slide groove 462 and the rear end of the protrusion 621 is embedded in the positioning groove 463, and the end of the column head 610 facing away from the compression spring 640 is buried in the first through hole 441.

[0069] S62, placing the carrying plate 410 of the first diagonal paving frame 400 on the base frame 300, abutting the rear vertical rod 440 of the first diagonal paving frame 400 against the abutting rod 320, and rotating the protruding strip 621 out of the positioning groove 463 until it is aligned with the sliding groove 462, so that the protruding strip 621 automatically snaps into the second limiting hole 321;

[0070] S63, stack and install the diagonal frames 400 one by one on top of the first diagonal frame 400, and make the supporting plate 410 of the upper diagonal frame 400 bear on the supporting cross bar 450 of the adjacent diagonal frame 400 below, the rear vertical bar 440 of the upper diagonal frame 400 abuts against the abutting vertical bar 430 of the adjacent diagonal frame 400 below, and the first through hole 441 on the upper diagonal frame 400 is aligned with the first limiting hole 431 of the lower diagonal frame 400, adjust the limiting column 600 to the limiting state, so that the limiting column 600 is inserted into the aligned first through hole 441 and the first limiting hole 431.

[0071] S64: Drill a hole into the slope's soil from the anchor hole 421 to form a buried hole 121. During drilling, the drill bit will penetrate the geotextile, leaving a hole in the geotextile. However, the hole diameter is small, and the buried hole 121 will be grouted later. The amount of water seeping from this hole is small, which does not affect the overall waterproofing effect of the geotextile. Insert the anchor rod 500 into the anchor hole 421 and the buried hole 121, and simultaneously insert the positioning column 540 into the anchor hole 421 until the limit block 541 passes through the passage slot 422 and enters the avoidance groove 423. Rotate the anchor rod 500 so that the limit block 541 rotates within the avoidance groove 423 until it is in contact with the abutment wall 424, so that the limit block 541 is offset from the passage slot 422.

[0072] S65 , injecting grout into the anchor rod 500 , so that the mortar passes through the through hole 510 and fills the gap between the peripheral wall of the anchor rod 500 and the embedded hole.

[0073] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slope protection and reinforcement structure using expansive soil, characterized in that: include: The side slope body (100) has a slope top (110), a slope (120) and a slope bottom (130) arranged in sequence from front to back; The geotextile (200) is laid on the slope (120), with the upper end partially covering the top of the slope (110) and the lower end covering the bottom of the slope (130); The base frame (300) is supported on the bottom of the slope (130) and has a receiving cavity (310) with an upper opening, wherein the receiving cavity (310) is filled with a geobag (101), and the geobag (101) is filled with expansive soil; The inclined paving frame (400) is arranged and stacked along the slope surface of the slope (120), and has a bearing plate (410) at the bottom. The front side of the bearing plate (410) is provided with a bonding plate (420), and the bonding plate (420) is bonded to the slope surface of the slope (120). The bonding plate (420) is provided with an anchor hole (421). The lowest inclined paving frame (400) is supported on the bottom frame (300), and the bearing plate (410) is provided with a geobag (101). The left and right sides of the inclined paving frame (400) are provided with a support from the front. The abutting vertical rod (430) and the rear vertical rod (440) are sequentially arranged at the back, and the rear vertical rod (440) of the upper oblique paving frame (400) abuts against the abutting vertical rod (430) of the lower adjacent oblique paving frame (400); the rear vertical rod (440) is provided with a first through hole (441), and the abutting vertical rod (430) is provided with a first limiting hole (431); the first through hole (441) on the upper oblique paving frame (400) is aligned with the first limiting hole (431) on the lower oblique paving frame (400) and a positioning piece is inserted therein; An anchor rod (500) is passed through the anchor hole (421) and inserted into the rock and soil of the slope (120).

2. The slope protection and reinforcement structure using expansive soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: A supporting crossbar (450) is provided in the middle of the abutting vertical bar (430); the rear vertical bar (440) is provided on the rear side of the bearing plate (410); and the bearing plate (410) of the upper inclined paving frame (400) is supported on the supporting crossbar (450) of the adjacent inclined paving frame (400) below.

3. The slope protection and reinforcement structure using expansive soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined paving frame (400) is provided with a middle vertical rod (460) between the rear vertical rod (440) and the abutting vertical rod (430), and the middle vertical rod (460) is provided with a second through hole (461) aligned with the first through hole (441); the positioning member is a limiting column (600), and the limiting column (600) includes a column head (610), a column rod (620) and a stud (630); the column head (610), the column rod (620) and the stud (630) are coaxially connected in sequence and their diameters decrease in sequence; the column head (610) is movably provided in the first through hole (441); the column rod (620) is movably provided in the second through hole (461), and the stud (630) is movably provided in the second through hole (461). The column (630) extends out of the second through-hole (461) and is connected to the limiting nut (631). A compression spring (640) is sleeved on the column rod (620). One end of the compression spring (640) abuts against the column head (610), and the other end abuts against the middle vertical rod (460). The limiting column (600) has a waiting state and a limiting state. In the limiting state, the column head (610) is inserted into the aligned first through-hole (441) and the first limiting hole (431), and the limiting nut (631) abuts against the middle vertical rod (460). In the waiting state, one end of the column head (610) facing away from the compression spring (640) is buried in the first through-hole (441).

4. The slope protection and reinforcement structure using expansive soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rear vertical rod (440), the middle vertical rod (460) and the upper end of the abutting vertical rod (430) are connected via an inclined connecting rod (470).

5. The slope protection and reinforcement structure using expansive soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: The peripheral wall of the second through hole (461) is provided with a slide groove (462) extending in the front-to-back direction, and the peripheral wall of the front end of the column rod (620) is provided with a convex strip (621), and the convex strip (621) can slide in the slide groove (462); the front side wall of the middle vertical rod (460) is provided with a positioning groove (463) circumferentially staggered with the slide groove (462) at the edge of the second through hole (461), and the column rod (620) can rotate and move in the second through hole (461); in the limited state, the convex strip (621) is embedded in the slide groove (462); in the ready-to-assemble state, the convex strip (621) is separated from the slide groove (462) and is staggered with the slide groove (462), and the rear end of the convex strip (621) is embedded in the positioning groove (463).

6. The slope protection and reinforcement structure using expansive soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the upper end of the base frame (300) are both provided with abutting rods (320) extending upward; the rear vertical rod (440) on the lowest oblique paving frame (400) abuts against the abutting rod (320), and the abutting rod (320) is provided with a second limiting hole (321); the first through hole (441) of the lowest oblique paving frame (400) is aligned with the second limiting hole (321) and can be inserted into a positioning piece.

7. The slope protection and reinforcement structure using expansive soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor rod (500) is hollow, and the diameter of the anchor rod (500) is smaller than the anchor through-hole (421). The peripheral wall of the rock and soil where the anchor rod (500) is inserted is provided with a through-hole (510). The peripheral wall of the end portion where the anchor rod (500) is inserted into the rock and soil is provided with a convex column (520). One end of the anchor rod (500) extends out of the anchor through-hole (421) and is provided with a limiting plate (530), and the limiting plate (530) is in contact with the bonding plate (420).

8. The slope protection and reinforcement structure using expansive soil according to claim 7, characterized in that: A positioning column (540) is provided on the side of the limiting plate (530) facing the anchor through-hole (421), the positioning column (540) is adapted to the anchor through-hole (421), the positioning column (540) is inserted into the anchor through-hole (421), a passage notch (422) is provided on the peripheral wall of the anchor through-hole (421), and an avoidance groove (423) is provided on the side of the bonding plate (420) facing the slope (120). A contact wall (424) is provided, and a limiting block (541) capable of movably passing through the passage slot (422) is provided on the peripheral wall of the positioning column (540). The limiting block (541) can pass through the passage slot (422) into the avoidance groove (423) and rotate in the avoidance groove (423) until it is in contact with the contact wall (424). The limiting block (541) in contact with the contact wall (424) is staggered with the passage slot (422).

9. A method for slope protection and reinforcement using expansive soil, used for constructing the slope protection and reinforcement structure using expansive soil according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, excavating to form the top (110), slope (120) and bottom (130) of the slope body (100); S2, excavating and constructing a seepage ditch (102) on the side of the slope bottom (130); S3, laying geotextile (200) from the top of the slope (110) to the bottom of the slope (130); S4, laying a three-dimensional composite drainage net on the geotextile (200) on the slope (120); S5, installing a base frame (300) on the bottom of the slope (130), and placing a geobag (101) into the receiving cavity (310) of the base frame (300); S6, stacking the inclined paving frames (400) along the slope (120) on the base frame (300), positioning the upper and lower adjacent inclined paving frames (400) by positioning members, inserting the anchor rods (500) through the anchor holes (421) and into the rock and soil of the slope (120), and placing the geobags (101) on the bearing plate (410); S7, backfill soil on the top of the slope (110) to form a top soil layer (111), and lay soil on the inclined paving frame (400) of the slope (120) to form a grass-planting soil layer (122) and plant grass for greening.

10. The slope protection and reinforcement method using expansive soil according to claim 9, characterized in that: Step S6 specifically includes: S61, adjusting the upper limit posts (600) of all the inclined paving frames (400) to a ready-to-assemble state, so that the convex strip (621) and the slide groove (462) are misaligned and the rear end of the convex strip (621) is embedded in the positioning groove (463), and the column head (610) of the limiting post (600) is buried in the first through hole (441) with one end facing away from the compression spring (640); S62, placing the bearing plate (410) of the first oblique paving frame (400) on the base frame (300), placing the rear vertical rod (440) of the first oblique paving frame (400) against the abutting rod (320), and rotating the convex strip (621) out of the positioning groove (463) until it is aligned with the slide groove (462), and the convex strip (621) is automatically engaged with the second limiting hole (321); S63, installing the diagonal paving frames (400) one by one, and making the bearing plate (410) of the upper diagonal paving frame (400) bear on the supporting crossbar (450) of the adjacent diagonal paving frame (400) below, the rear vertical bar (440) of the upper diagonal paving frame (400) abuts against the vertical bar (430) of the adjacent diagonal paving frame (400) below, and aligning the first through hole (441) on the upper diagonal paving frame (400) with the first limiting hole (431) of the lower diagonal paving frame (400), adjusting the limiting column (600) to a limiting state, so that the limiting column (600) is inserted into the aligned first through hole (441) and the first limiting hole (431); S64, drilling a hole in the rock and soil of the slope from the anchor hole (421) to form an embedded hole (121), inserting the anchor rod (500) into the anchor hole (421) and the embedded hole (121), and simultaneously inserting the positioning column (540) into the anchor hole (421) until the limit block (541) passes through the passage slot (422) and enters the avoidance groove (423), rotating the anchor rod (500) so that the limit block (541) rotates in the avoidance groove (423) until it is in contact with the abutment wall (424), so that the limit block (541) is staggered with the passage slot (422); S65, injecting grout into the anchor rod (500), so that the mortar passes through the through hole (510) and fills the gap between the peripheral wall of the anchor rod (500) and the embedded hole.

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