High-density mechanical stereo garage capable of longitudinally moving and avoiding in air and car parking and picking-up method

Abstract

The high-density mechanical stereo garage comprises a parking space and an avoiding space, the parking space comprises one or more rows of parking units arranged in the longitudinal direction, and each row of parking units comprises one or more columns of multi-layer parking spaces arranged in the transverse direction; at least one layer of the multiple layers of parking spaces is provided with a longitudinal moving lifting vehicle carrying plate and a longitudinal moving rail, the avoiding space is located in front of or / and behind the parking space and provided with a longitudinal moving rail connected to the parking space, the longitudinal moving lifting vehicle carrying plate can longitudinally move to the avoiding space so that a vertical channel of the upper layer of lifting vehicle carrying plate can be reserved, and the avoiding space does not occupy the parking spaces. Therefore, full parking can be realized; the lifting vehicle carrying plates of the longitudinal moving lifting vehicle carrying plates can be lifted up and down for parking and picking up vehicles, the multiple rows of rear row longitudinal moving lifting vehicle carrying plates can be longitudinally moved forwards to the front row and then lifted for parking and picking up the vehicles, and the rear row parking spaces can be used for parking and picking up the vehicles in the front row. The high-density mechanical three-dimensional garage provided by the invention can accommodate a large number of vehicles, is convenient to use, and is safe and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of smart three-dimensional parking garages, mainly to technologies for parking quantity and vehicle storage and retrieval efficiency, and specifically to a high-density mechanical three-dimensional parking garage and a vehicle storage and retrieval method with aerial longitudinal movement avoidance. Background Art

[0002] As the number of cars in society continues to increase, the total supply of existing parking spaces is insufficient and unevenly distributed, resulting in a shortage of parking spaces. More and more people are building mechanical multi-story parking garages to alleviate the contradiction of parking difficulties. Among them, the lifting and transverse moving mechanical parking equipment has become the most commonly used equipment in mechanical multi-story parking garages because of its simple structure, safety and economy. The equipment is equipped with b-1 sets of transverse moving car loading plates on the first floor, b-1 sets of transverse moving lifting car loading plates on each of the 2nd to c-1 floors, and b sets of lifting car loading plates on the top floor, that is, one vacant space is required on each floor from the 1st floor to the second top floor. By changing the column where the vacant space is located through transverse movement, the vertical channel can be made available to facilitate the car loading plates on the upper floor to descend to the first floor. This type of traditional equipment requires one vacant parking space on each floor from the first floor to the second top floor, and the number of parking spaces is relatively small. Some improved technical solutions have emerged to increase the number of parking spaces, such as the utility model patent with patent number 201821723377.X. This technical solution divides the multi-story parking garage into a parking area and a lifting channel on the lane. Each floor from the second floor to the top floor of the parking area is equipped with a set of b longitudinal rotating lifting car loading plates, and the first floor does not have a car loading plate and can be directly parked on the flat surface. When the car needs to be stored or retrieved, the longitudinal rotating lifting car loading plate of the target parking space is first longitudinally moved.

[0003] 1. One parking space is provided, and the number of parking spaces is small;

[0004] 2. Improve the technical solution. The vehicle carrier needs to move vertically, rotate, and rise and fall above the lane, which poses a great safety hazard to pedestrians and vehicles on the lane and does not comply with the safety regulations for special equipment.

[0005] 3. Improved technical solution: the vehicle loading platform is lowered onto the lane to store and retrieve vehicles, which seriously blocks the traffic in the lane;

[0006] 4. Improve the technical solution. The lifting channel of the loading platform can only be set above the driving channel, and its inherent safety hazards cannot be overcome;

[0007] 5. Improve the technical solution. Due to lane width limitations, multiple sets of longitudinally movable rotating lifting vehicle loading plates cannot be longitudinally moved to the lifting channel at the same time. Therefore, a heavy-row mechanical multi-story parking garage cannot be formed, resulting in the inability to further increase the vehicle capacity of the multi-story parking garage.

[0008] People have even arranged two or more rows of these lift-and-slide mechanical parking systems longitudinally, sharing the same front lane, to form what are commonly known as double-row mechanical parking garages. This can further save space and increase parking density. However, to access the rear parking spaces in these double-row mechanical parking garages, traditional solutions require drivers to first reverse through the front parking area, using the longitudinal lane formed by the lateral movement to reach the rear row. They then back their car onto the rear loading platform to park, and then walk through the longitudinal lane from the rear row to exit the garage. Similarly, drivers must first walk through the longitudinal lane to reach the rear row, then drive from the rear loading platform through the longitudinal lane to exit the garage. While these double-row mechanical parking garages improve parking density, navigating the narrow longitudinal lanes in the front parking area is extremely difficult, and even a slight inattention can lead to collisions, posing a significant safety hazard. Furthermore, the equipment cannot function when people and vehicles repeatedly cross the longitudinal lanes, making parking and retrieval efficiency extremely low.

[0009] Patented technical solutions such as application number 202211593772.1 and application number 201920004208.9 can move the rear parking space loading plate of the traditional double-row mechanical stereo garage longitudinally to the first row, so that the front row can store and retrieve the car, which greatly increases safety and convenience. Its common technical features are as follows: The first to the top floors of the front row are the same as the above-mentioned traditional double-row mechanical stereo garages. The first floor of the front row needs to have an empty parking space with a transverse loading plate. The 2nd to C-1 floors also need to have an empty parking space to set up a transverse frame + lifting loading plate. The top floor does not need an empty space and can be fully loaded. Lifting car loading plate; the structure of the rear parking spaces except the front row is basically the same as that of the front row. The difference is that all the car loading plates have become longitudinally movable longitudinally movable car loading plates, but a parking space frame with longitudinally movable tracks must be added under each set of car loading plates. The transversely movable car loading plate on the first layer has become a transversely movable parking space frame + longitudinally movable car loading plate, and the transversely movable parking space frame can move horizontally left and right. The lifting car loading plates on the 2nd to c layers have become a lifting parking space frame + longitudinally movable car loading plate, and the lifting parking space frame can be lifted and lowered together with the longitudinally movable car loading plate. The transverse frame is the same as the traditional technology, and can move horizontally left and right with the lifting parking space frame and the longitudinally movable car loading plate. The horizontally movable car loading plate on the first floor of the front row moves horizontally to the left and right to make way for the longitudinal passage. The vertically movable car loading plate on the lifting frame of the rear row 2 to C floors that descends to the first floor of the rear row can then move forward to the front row of the first floor for parking and retrieval. The vertically movable car loading plate on the horizontally movable parking frame of the first floor of the rear row can also move forward to the front row of the first floor for parking and retrieval. This achieves the purpose of parking and retrieval of cars in the rear row parking spaces. However, the technical solution of this improved double-row mechanical parking garage still has the following significant drawbacks:

[0010] 6. A lifting parking rack is added under the longitudinally moving loading plate of the 2nd to Cth layers in the rear row, which increases the floor height of the three-dimensional parking garage and greatly reduces the space utilization rate;

[0011] 7. Whether it is the longitudinally shifted car loading plate originally on the first floor or the longitudinally shifted car loading plate originally on the 2nd to C floors but lowered to the first floor, there is a thick transverse shifting parking frame or lifting parking frame underneath. After the longitudinally shifted car loading plate moves forward to the front row, it should be equal to the height of the transverse shifting car loading plate in the front row. However, the transverse shifting car loading plate in the front row does not need any parking frame underneath. This requires digging a pit and sinking the first floor so that the longitudinally shifting car loading plate is flush with the lane. The transverse shifting car loading plate is also flush with the lane after being raised. Digging pits and sinking greatly increase the cost and even make it impossible to implement in many scenarios. For example, in a multi-story underground garage, it is impossible to dig a 30cm deep pit on the floor slab that is only 20cm thick. As a result, this technical solution has poor adaptability.

[0012] 8. A lifting parking rack is added under the longitudinal loading plate, which increases the height of the three-dimensional parking garage and greatly reduces the space utilization rate;

[0013] 9. Each rear parking space requires an additional parking rack and longitudinal movement mechanism, which greatly increases the cost;

[0014] 10. The lifting and transverse parking frame realizes the movement in two directions: left and right transverse movement and up and down lifting movement, and adds the movement of the longitudinal loading plate in the front and back direction, turning the movement from two directions into three directions, which makes the equipment structure complex, with high failure rate and high cost;

[0015] 11. Various parking racks with longitudinal tracks are movable components. Each time the vehicle loading plate is moved longitudinally, the equipment needs to accurately control the alignment of the movable track with the fixed longitudinal track in the front row, resulting in a high failure rate.

[0016] 12. When the longitudinally movable vehicle loading plate on the rear row lifting and transversely movable parking space frame needs to be moved longitudinally to the first layer of the front row or returned, it needs to go through three steps: left and right transverse movement, up and down lifting, and front and back longitudinal movement, which is inefficient;

[0017] 13. Each floor from 2nd to C-1 needs to have a vacant parking space, and the parking density is not high;

[0018] 14. When the site width is only enough to arrange one row of parking spaces, that is, b=1, the existing traditional technical solutions cannot be used to make a single-row mechanical stereo garage, and the existing improved technical solutions cannot be used to make a multi-row, multi-row mechanical stereo garage. Summary of the Invention

[0019] To address the shortcomings of existing lifting and transverse mechanical stereo garages, the inventors have developed and designed a high-density mechanical stereo garage and a method for storing and retrieving vehicles that is safer, more reliable, more efficient in storing vehicles, and increases the density and number of parking spaces. This method not only solves the problem of insufficient parking capacity in traditional technical solutions, but also addresses various defects in existing stereo garages. Specifically, the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0020] The present invention includes a parking space and an avoidance space. The parking space includes a row of parking units arranged longitudinally, each row of parking units includes b columns and c floors of parking spaces arranged transversely, and at least one floor of one row of parking units is provided with a longitudinally movable lift platform and longitudinally movable tracks. The avoidance space is located in front of and / or behind the parking space and is provided with longitudinally movable tracks that dock with the longitudinally movable tracks of the parking space. The avoidance space is sized to accommodate the temporary parking of all longitudinally movable lift platforms of n consecutive rows of parking units. Wherein: a, b, c, and n are all positive integers and a ≥ 1, b ≥ 1, c ≥ 2, and a-1 ≥ n ≥ 1.

[0021] In the parking unit: the cth layer, i.e., the top layer, is provided with a maximum of b sets of longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plates or a maximum of b sets of lifting vehicle loading plates; the 2nd to c-1th layers, when c ≥ 3, are each provided with a maximum of b sets of longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plates or a maximum of b-1 sets of transversely movable lifting vehicle loading plates; at least one of the 2nd to cth layers is provided with a longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plate, and the first layer is provided with a maximum of b-1 sets of transversely movable vehicle loading plates; wherein, when a ≥ 2, the first layer of the parking unit in the ath row may also be provided with a maximum of b sets of longitudinally movable vehicle loading plates;

[0022] The longitudinal moving lifting vehicle loading plate includes a longitudinal moving frame and a lifting vehicle loading plate mounted thereon. A certain floor of a parking unit may be provided with only one set of longitudinal moving frames and a maximum of b sets of lifting vehicle loading plates mounted thereon, or may be provided with a maximum of b sets of longitudinal moving frames and lifting vehicle loading plates mounted thereon one to one. These two forms are collectively referred to as being provided with a maximum of b sets of longitudinal moving lifting vehicle loading plates; the transverse moving lifting vehicle loading plate includes a transverse moving frame and a lifting vehicle loading plate mounted thereon. The transverse moving frame is mounted thereon one to one. A maximum of b-1 sets of transverse moving lifting vehicle loading plates may be provided on each floor of a parking unit.

[0023] The avoidance space can be located above the lane. A safety partition is provided below the bottom longitudinal track of the avoidance space above the lane. Its structural form can block falling objects, dripping water, and oil leakage from high altitudes. Its height is suitable so as not to hinder the longitudinal movement of the longitudinal lifting plate forward and backward, and not to affect the normal passage of people and vehicles on the lane.

[0024] The avoidance space may also be provided in the air space behind the parking space, or in the air space in front of and behind the parking space.

[0025] When mechanical stereo garages with aerial longitudinal movement avoidance are installed on both sides of the lane, the longitudinal movement tracks above the lane can simultaneously connect with the longitudinal movement tracks of the parking spaces on both sides, and the stereo garages on both sides of the lane can share the avoidance space and its longitudinal movement tracks.

[0026] When the avoidance space is located above the front of the parking space and a≥2, and the 2nd to cth floors of the 1st to a-1th rows of parking units in the parking space are all equipped with longitudinally movable and lifting loading plates, any floor of the ath row, i.e. the last row of parking units, may not be equipped with a loading plate. These floors without loading plates can be used as buildings or objects for non-parking purposes, and the 1st floor can also be used for flat parking.

[0027] Working principle of the present invention:

[0028] All vehicles are carried by loading plates, specifically by lifting and lowering the loading plates, longitudinally moving the loading plates, longitudinally moving the loading plates, transversely moving the loading plates, and transversely moving the loading plates. When these loading plates are on the first floor, vehicles can be parked on the loading plates and retrieved by driving off the loading plates. When the loading plates are on the first floor of the first row, vehicles can be parked and retrieved in the front row.

[0029] Lifting platform: This type of platform can move vertically and is used to transport vehicles from the first floor to any upper floor, or vice versa. The lifting platform is installed on the top floor of the parking unit, or on the longitudinal movement frame of the lifting platform, or on the transverse movement frame of the transverse movement lifting platform. Vehicles can be driven onto the lifting platform to park or leave the lifting platform to retrieve. After parking or retrieval, the lifting platform can be lifted vertically and returned to its original position.

[0030] Longitudinal lifting platform: This type of platform can move longitudinally along the track in the front-to-back direction, and its own lifting platform can also move up and down in the vertical direction. It can move longitudinally along the longitudinal track between the rows of parking units in the parking space, and between the parking space and the avoidance space. The space formed after the longitudinal lifting platform is removed can be used as a vertical channel for the upper lifting platform to move up and down, and its own lifting platform can also move up and down; the longitudinal lifting platform is located on the 2nd to Cth floors of each parking unit, and each floor can be fully equipped with lifting platforms without leaving any empty space;

[0031] Transverse Lifting Car Plate: This type of car plate can move horizontally in the left-right direction, and its own car plate can move up and down in the vertical direction. It can move horizontally along the transverse track to change the position of the vacant space. The vacant space can be used as a vertical channel for the upper lift car plate to move up and down. Its own lift car plate can also move up and down. Transverse Lifting Car Plate is located on the 2nd to C-1 floors of each parking unit.

[0032] Longitudinal movement carriers: These carriers can only move forward and backward, and cannot be raised or lowered. They are usually located on the first floor, especially in the rear row, and can be moved longitudinally to the front row and temporarily parked. They can be moved forward along the longitudinal movement track to the first floor of the first row of parking units for temporary parking. After parking or retrieving a vehicle, they can be moved backward to return to their original position.

[0033] Transverse shifting car loading plate: This type of car loading plate can only be moved horizontally left and right. They are usually located on the first floor and can be moved horizontally left and right along the transverse track to change the vacant position. The vacant position can be used as the landing position of the upper lifting car loading plate, as well as the longitudinal channel for the longitudinal shifting car loading plate of the rear row to move forward and backward, and as the longitudinal vehicle passage for the rear car loading plate to store and retrieve vehicles;

[0034] Each floor with a transverse lifting loading plate and a transverse loading plate needs to have an empty space, that is, one less car can be parked. The longitudinal loading plate is located on the first floor of the last row, and the last row can be fully parked without leaving any empty spaces.

[0035] The high-density mechanical stereo garage of the present invention is based on the combined use of the above various types of vehicle loading plates, and can be used in various forms of high-density mechanical stereo garages to be suitable for various actual structures and site types of parking garages.

[0036] The high-density mechanical stereoscopic parking garage and vehicle storage and retrieval method of the present invention for vertical mid-air movement avoidance can mainly be formed into the following structural forms, but are not limited thereto:

[0037] 1. The avoidance space is located in front of the parking space. All parking spaces from the second floor to the top floor of the entire garage are equipped with a longitudinally movable lifting platform structure:

[0038] The 2nd to cth floors of each row of parking units are all equipped with b sets of fully loaded longitudinal lifting and lowering car loading plates. The 1st floor of the 1st to a-1th rows of parking units are equipped with b-1 sets of fully loaded transverse car loading plates. The 1st floor of the ath row of parking units is equipped with b sets of fully loaded longitudinal car loading plates. Only a-1 parking spaces on the first floor are vacant in the entire garage. In special cases, when a=1, that is, there is only one row of parking units, the first floor is equipped with b-1 sets of transverse car loading plates and no longitudinal car loading plates. That is, only one parking space on the first floor is vacant in the entire garage, and the rest of the parking spaces are full. At this time, the steps for parking and retrieving a target parking space on the Lth floor in the 2nd to cth floors of the Mth row are as follows:

[0039] When M≤n+1, all the longitudinal moving lifting car loading plates on the Lth floor of the 1st to Mth rows of parking units move forward longitudinally so that the longitudinal moving lifting car loading plates on the Lth floor of the Mth row of parking units are temporarily parked on the Lth floor of the 1st row of parking units, and all the longitudinal moving lifting car loading plates on the 2nd to L-1th floors of the 1st row of parking units move forward longitudinally to the avoidance space to make way for the vertical passage of the 1st row of parking units, and the transverse moving car loading plates on the 1st floor of the 1st row of parking units move left and right to make way for the vacant space for the lifting car loading plates of the target parking space to land. The lifting car loading plates of the target parking space land on the vacant space on the 1st floor of the 1st row of parking units, and the car can be parked and retrieved in the front row.

[0040] When M>n+1, all the longitudinal lifting plates on the Lth floor of the 1st to Mth rows of parking units are moved forward by the distance of n rows of parking units, so that the longitudinal lifting plates on the Lth floor of the Mth row of parking units are temporarily parked on the Lth floor of the Mnth row of parking units. All the longitudinal lifting plates on the 2nd to L-1th floors of the Mnth row of parking units and the longitudinal lifting plates in front of their respective floors are moved forward by the distance of one row of parking units to make way for the vertical passage of the Mnth row of parking units. By moving the transverse plates left and right, the Mnth row of parking units is temporarily parked on the Lth floor of the Mnth row of parking units. The first floor of the parking unit makes room for the target parking space's loading plate to land, and the first-floor vacant spaces of the parking units in front of the vacant space form a longitudinal driving channel. The target parking space's loading plate lands on the first-floor vacant space of the Mn-th row of parking units. The vehicle can be parked on the loading plate of the target parking space by reversing from the lane and crossing the longitudinal driving channel. The vehicle can be retrieved by driving away from the loading plate of the target parking space and crossing the longitudinal driving channel to the lane. This achieves the purpose of parking and retrieving the vehicle in the parking units in the n rows in front of the row where the target parking space is located.

[0041] 2. The avoidance space is located in front of the parking space. All parking spaces from the second floor to the second top floor of the entire garage are equipped with longitudinal lifting platforms, but all parking spaces on the top floor are equipped with lifting platforms:

[0042] The 2nd to c-1st floors of each row of parking units are all equipped with b sets of full longitudinal lift plates. The cth floor (the top floor) is all equipped with b sets of full lift plates. The 1st to ath floors (i.e., the first floor of each row of parking units) are equipped with b-1 sets of full transverse lift plates. Only a parking space on the first floor is vacant in the entire garage, and the rest of the parking spaces are full. At this time, the steps for parking and retrieving a target parking space on the Lth floor of the 2nd to cth floors of the Mth row are as follows:

[0043] The steps for parking and retrieving a target parking space on the Lth floor in the 2nd to c-1th floors of the Mth row are exactly the same as those in the above-mentioned structure form 1;

[0044] The steps for parking and retrieving a target parking space on the cth floor of the Mth row, i.e. the top floor, are as follows: all the longitudinally moving lifting car loading plates on the 2nd to c-1th floors of the Mth row of parking units and the longitudinally moving lifting car loading plates in front of their respective floors are all moved forward longitudinally by the distance of one row of parking units to make way for the vertical passage, and the lateral moving car loading plates are moved left and right to make way for the vacant space required for the car loading plate of the target parking space to land on the 1st floor of the Mth row of parking units, and the vacant spaces on the 1st floors of the rows of parking units in front of the vacant space form a longitudinal driving passage, and the car loading plate of the target parking space is dropped to the vacant space on the 1st floor of the Mth row of parking units. The car can be parked on the car loading plate of the target parking space by reversing from the lane and crossing the longitudinal driving passage, and then the car can be retrieved by driving away from the car loading plate of the target parking space and crossing the longitudinal driving passage to the lane to retrieve the car. When M=1, there is no need to avoid the longitudinal driving passage, and the car can be parked and retrieved in the front row.

[0045] 3. The avoidance space is located in front of the parking space. From the second floor to the second top floor of the garage, there is a structure with a horizontally movable and lifting loading platform:

[0046] Some of the 2nd to C-1 floors of each row of parking units are equipped with B-1 sets of transverse lifting and lowering car loading plates, and the remaining floors are equipped with B sets of longitudinal lifting and lowering car loading plates. The Cth floor, which is the top floor, is equipped with B sets of lifting and lowering car loading plates to the air above the lane. The car loading plates rotate 90 degrees above the lane and then descend from the air to the lane. Vehicles enter the car loading plates to park or leave the car loading plates to retrieve the vehicles. After parking and retrieval, the car loading plates rise above the lane and return to the corresponding floor, then rotate 90 degrees in the air and finally move longitudinally back to the parking area. Although this type of improved technical solution increases the number of parking spaces, it also brings greater problems. Both the traditional and improved technical solutions are not very ideal. In summary, there are the following major defects:

[0047] In the traditional technical solution, each floor requires an empty parking plate or b sets of longitudinally movable and lifting loading plates. The first floor of each row of parking units in rows 1 to a is equipped with b-1 sets of transversely movable loading plates. Each floor with transversely movable and lifting loading plates requires one vacant parking space, and the remaining parking spaces are all full. In this case, the steps for parking and retrieving a target parking space on the Lth floor of the Mth row, from the 2nd to c-1th floors are as follows:

[0048] The parking and retrieval procedures for the top floor with a lifting platform and any target parking space on any floor with a longitudinally movable lifting platform are exactly the same as those for the above-mentioned structural forms 1 and 2.

[0049] When a target parking space on the Lth floor in the 2nd to C-1th floors of the Mth row is a transverse lifting platform, the steps for parking and retrieving the car are as follows: all longitudinal lifting platforms on the 2nd to L-1th floors of the Mth row of parking units and the longitudinal lifting platforms in front of their respective floors are all moved forward longitudinally by the distance of one row of parking units to make way for the vertical channel, and all transverse lifting platforms avoid the vertical channel by moving horizontally left and right. By moving the transverse platforms horizontally left and right, the 1st floor of the Mth row of parking units makes way for the vacant space required for the platform of the target parking space to land, and the vacant spaces on the 1st floors of the parking units in front of the vacant space form a longitudinal driving channel, and the platform of the target parking space is dropped to the vacant space on the 1st floor of the Mth row of parking units. The car can be entered on the platform of the target parking space by reversing from the lane and crossing the longitudinal driving channel to park the car, and then the car can be retrieved by driving away from the platform of the target parking space and crossing the longitudinal driving channel to the lane.

[0050] 4. The avoidance space is located behind the parking space. The 2nd to C-1st floors of each row of parking units are equipped with b sets of longitudinal lifting platforms or b-1 sets of transverse lifting platforms. The Cth floor, i.e., the top floor, is equipped with b sets of longitudinal lifting platforms or b sets of lifting platforms. The 1st to Athletics rows, i.e., the 1st floor of each row of parking units, are equipped with b-1 sets of transverse lifting platforms. Each floor with transverse lifting platforms and transverse lifting platforms needs to have one vacant parking space, and the remaining parking spaces are all full. At this time, the steps for parking and retrieving a target parking space on the Lth floor of the 2nd to Cth floors of the Mth row are as follows:

[0051] In the 2nd to L-1th floors of the Mth row of parking units, all longitudinally moving lifting car plates and the longitudinally moving lifting car plates in front of their respective floors are all moved longitudinally backward by the distance of one row of parking units to make way for the vertical channel, and all transversely moving lifting car plates avoid the vertical channel by transversely moving left and right. By transversely moving the transverse car plates left and right, the 1st floor of the Mth row of parking units makes way for the vacant space required for the car plate of the target parking space to land, and the vacant spaces on the 1st floors of the parking units in front of the vacant space form a longitudinal driving channel, and the car plate of the target parking space lands on the vacant space on the 1st floor of the Mth row of parking units. The car can be parked on the car plate of the target parking space by reversing from the lane and crossing the longitudinal driving channel. The car can be picked up by driving away from the car plate of the target parking space and crossing the longitudinal driving channel to the lane. When M=1, there is no need to avoid the longitudinal driving channel, and the car can be parked and retrieved in the front row.

[0052] 5. The parking and retrieval steps for a target parking space on the first floor of any row of parking units in the above four structural forms are the same: when the target parking space is a transversely movable loading plate, the transversely movable loading plate is moved left and right to form a longitudinal driving channel for the vacant spaces on the first floor in the 1st to M-1 rows of parking units directly in front of the target parking space. The car can be entered on the loading plate of the target parking space by reversing from the lane through the longitudinal driving channel to park the car, and then the car can be retrieved by leaving the loading plate of the target parking space and crossing the longitudinal driving channel to the lane. When M=1, the car can be directly parked and retrieved in the front row; when the target parking space is a longitudinally movable loading plate, the transversely movable loading plate is moved left and right to form a longitudinal channel for the vacant spaces on the first floor in the 1st to M-1 rows of parking units directly in front of the target parking space. The longitudinally movable loading plate of the target parking space moves forward along the longitudinal channel to the first floor of the 1st row of parking units, and the car can be parked and retrieved in the front row. After parking and retrieval are completed, the longitudinally movable loading plate moves back along the longitudinal channel to its original position.

[0053] In the first three types of parking garage structures mentioned above, a safety partition can be added below the bottom longitudinal track of the avoidance space. The structure and material of the safety partition should be suitable for blocking falling objects, dripping water and leaking oil in the avoidance space. The height of the safety partition should be such that it neither hinders the operation of the longitudinal lifting vehicle loading plate nor affects the normal passage of pedestrians and vehicles on the lane.

[0054] The main beneficial effects of the present invention compared to the prior art are:

[0055] Efficient space utilization (through the front and rear longitudinal movement, the problem of vacant parking spaces that traditional lifting systems need to move laterally to avoid is avoided, and the parking density of the garage is improved), safety is guaranteed (the avoidance space is only used for temporary parking and does not affect the safety of pedestrians and vehicles on the lane, and a safety partition is set to further ensure safety and prevent pollution), storage and access are more convenient (the rear parking spaces can be accessed in the front row), operating efficiency is improved (the operation of the rear loading plate only requires two simple steps, namely forward longitudinal movement (lateral avoidance is completed simultaneously, and no additional time is required) and up and down movement, which speeds up the storage and access process), and flexibility is greatly enhanced (this design scheme is suitable for different site conditions, whether it is single-row or multi-row parking units, whether it is multi-column or single-column, it can be applied). The parking garage design of the present invention takes into account multiple factors such as space utilization, user experience and economy, and aims to provide a more efficient, convenient and safe solution that can effectively solve the increasingly tense parking problem in modern cities. The specific effects can be further explained as follows:

[0056] 1. The longitudinal lifting platform moves forward and backward to avoid the vertical lifting channel of the upper lifting platform. There is no need to leave vacant parking spaces, and full parking can be achieved. Therefore, the parking density of the garage is greatly increased, and the space utilization rate is greatly improved;

[0057] 2. The avoidance space is only used as a temporary parking space for the longitudinally moving lifting platform, and is not used as a lifting passage. It has minimal impact on the safety of pedestrians and vehicles on the lane. In addition, the parking and retrieval of vehicles are not carried out on the lane, which has no impact on the traffic efficiency of the lane.

[0058] 3. When a safety partition is installed at the bottom of the avoidance space, even if the temporarily parked longitudinal lifting platform falls, the safety of pedestrians and vehicles on the lane is still guaranteed. At the same time, the safety partition can also catch oil leakage and water dripping from the vehicle to prevent people and vehicles on the lane from being contaminated.

[0059] 4. The avoidance space can also be arranged above the rear of the parking space. As with traditional technical solutions, there is no movable object above the lane, which has no impact on lane safety.

[0060] 5. The rear parking spaces in the double-row stereo garage can be parked and retrieved from the front row, which is safe, convenient and efficient.

[0061] 6. The lifting and lowering car loading plates of the 2nd to Cth floors of the double-row stereo garage do not have a lifting parking space frame. The required longitudinal track height does not occupy the effective height of the parking space. The longitudinal track height is the same as the transverse track height required by the prior art, but the track installation direction is different. The mechanical stereo garage of the present invention has a lower floor height.

[0062] 7. No parking space in the double-row stereo garage requires a supporting lifting parking frame or a horizontally moving parking frame, which can greatly reduce costs;

[0063] 8. There is no transverse parking frame under the longitudinal loading plate of the double-row stereo garage. It is at the same height as the transverse loading plate, so there is no need to dig a pit to sink it, which saves a lot of civil engineering costs and is suitable for any scenario.

[0064] 9. The longitudinally movable vehicle loading plate on the first level of the rear row of the double-row stereo garage only moves in one direction, front to back. The longitudinally movable vehicle loading plate on the second to third levels only moves in two directions, front to back and up and down. Compared with the existing technology, this has one less moving part in one direction, resulting in a simpler structure, lower failure rate and lower cost.

[0065] 10. In a double-row stereo garage, both the longitudinal moving vehicle loading plate on the first floor and the longitudinal moving and lifting vehicle loading plates on the second to third floors are operated on fixed longitudinal moving tracks, eliminating the need for cumbersome track alignment mechanisms and operations, and greatly reducing the failure rate.

[0066] 11. The longitudinal lifting platform on the 2nd to Cth layers in the rear row of the double-row stereo garage only needs to be moved forward longitudinally (the left and right transverse movement of the front layer is completed synchronously) and lowered in two steps to move the lifting platform to the vacant space on the first layer in the front row for parking and retrieval, which greatly improves the operation efficiency.

[0067] 12. When the site width is only enough to arrange one row of parking spaces, that is, b = 1, it can be made into a mechanical multi-row parking garage with single-row parking units or a multi-row mechanical multi-row parking garage with multiple rows of parking units. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0068] Figure 1 A structural perspective diagram of a high-density mechanical stereoscopic parking garage capable of vertical mid-air movement and avoidance according to the present invention;

[0069] Figure 2 This is a structural front view of the high-density mechanical stereo garage with aerial longitudinal movement and avoidance according to the present invention;

[0070] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a vehicle avoidance parking and picking-up in a high-density mechanical stereo garage with aerial longitudinal movement avoidance according to the present invention;

[0071] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the lifting vehicle loading plate structure and the lifting process in the present invention and embodiments;

[0072] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plate of the present invention and its embodiment;

[0073] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a longitudinal moving frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a transversely movable and lifting vehicle loading plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the longitudinally movable vehicle loading plate and the second longitudinally movable rail of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transverse vehicle loading plate and the second transverse rail of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 10 A structural perspective view of an example of a row of parking units in which the avoidance space is located in front of the parking space in Example 1;

[0078] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the longitudinal lifting and lowering of the 2nd and 3rd floor loading platforms in Example 1, which moves to the avoidance space, and the transverse lifting and lowering of the 1st floor loading platform, which simultaneously moves to make room for the upper loading platform to land;

[0079] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle loading platform on the 4th floor descending to the 1st floor to pick up the vehicle in Example 1;

[0080] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the 4th-floor lift platform descending to the 1st floor to vacate the parking space after the car is picked up in Example 1;

[0081] Figure 14 A structural perspective view of a row of parking units in an embodiment of embodiment 2 in which the avoidance space is located behind the parking space;

[0082] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the second and third floor longitudinal lifting and lowering vehicle loading platforms moving back to the avoidance space, while the first floor transverse lifting and lowering vehicle loading platforms move to make room for the upper loading platform to land in Example 2;

[0083] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle loading platform on the 4th floor descending to the 1st floor to pick up the vehicle in Example 2;

[0084] Figure 17 This is a structural perspective view of a double-row parking unit embodiment of Example 3;

[0085] Figure 18 This is a top view of the structure of the first floor of the front and rear rows of parking units in Example 3;

[0086] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinally movable lifting platform on the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th floors of the first row moving to the avoidance space, and the longitudinally movable lifting platform on the 4th floor of the second row moving to the first row in Example 3;

[0087] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle being picked up in the first row after the longitudinally movable lifting platform on the 4th floor of the 2nd row in Example 3 descends to the 1st floor;

[0088] Figure 21 This is a structural perspective diagram of Example 4, in which a mechanical stereoscopic parking garage is provided on both sides of the lane, the first and second floors of the second row are used as non-parking spaces, and a safety partition is provided above the lane;

[0089] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of Example 4 in which the longitudinally movable lift vehicle loading platform on the 3rd and 4th floors of the first row moves forward longitudinally to the avoidance space, while the transversely movable lift vehicle loading platform on the 2nd floor of the first row moves transversely to avoid the space, while the transversely movable lift vehicle loading platform on the 1st floor of the first row moves to make room for the upper-level vehicle loading platform to land, and the longitudinally movable lift vehicle loading platform on the 4th floor of the second row moves forward to the parking space in the first row and prepares to land to retrieve the vehicle;

[0090] Figure 23 Schematic diagram of the longitudinally movable lifting platform on the 4th floor of the 2nd row descending to the 1st floor of the 1st row to retrieve the vehicle in Example 4;

[0091] Figure 24 This is a structural stereogram of Example 5;

[0092] in:

[0093] 1—parking space, 2—avoidance space;

[0094] 11—lifting vehicle loading plate, 111—first vehicle loading plate body, 112—lifting drive transmission mechanism;

[0095] 12 - longitudinal movement lifting and lowering vehicle loading plate, 121 - longitudinal movement track, 122 - longitudinal movement driving transmission mechanism, 123 - longitudinal movement frame;

[0096] 13 - transverse lifting vehicle loading plate, 131 - transverse track, 132 - transverse driving transmission mechanism, 133 - transverse frame;

[0097] 14 - longitudinal moving vehicle loading plate, 141 - second longitudinal moving track, 142 - second longitudinal moving driving transmission mechanism, 143 - second vehicle loading plate body;

[0098] 15 - transverse vehicle loading plate, 151 - second transverse track, 152 - second transverse drive transmission mechanism;

[0099] 21—Safety partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0100] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present invention.

[0101] like Figure 2、 Figure 3 As shown, the vehicles are all carried by the vehicle loading plates, specifically by the lifting vehicle loading plate 11, the longitudinal lifting vehicle loading plate 12, the longitudinal moving vehicle loading plate 14, the transverse lifting vehicle loading plate 13, the transverse moving vehicle loading plate 15, etc. When these vehicle loading plates are on the first floor, the vehicle can be parked on the vehicle loading plate and can be retrieved when it leaves the vehicle loading plate. When the vehicle loading plate is on the first floor of the first row, the vehicle can be parked and retrieved in the front row.

[0102] The lifting vehicle loading plate 11 is as follows Figure 4 As shown, installed on the top floor of the parking unit, or as Figure 5 As shown, it is installed on the longitudinal movement frame 123 of the longitudinal movement lifting vehicle plate 12, or as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, it is installed on the transverse frame 133 of the transverse lifting vehicle loading plate 13, and can be vertically lowered to the vacant space on the first floor. The vehicle can be driven onto the lifting vehicle loading plate 11 to park or leave the lifting vehicle loading plate 11 to pick up the vehicle. After the parking and retrieval are completed, the lifting vehicle loading plate 11 can be vertically lifted back to its original position; Figure 3 As shown, the longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plate 12 can be longitudinally moved forward and backward along the longitudinally movable rail 121 between the rows of parking units inside the parking space 1, and between the parking space 1 and the avoidance space 2. The vacant space formed after the longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plate 12 is moved away can be used as a vertical channel for the upper lifting vehicle loading plate 11 to move up and down, and its own lifting vehicle loading plate 11 can also move up and down; Figure 7 、 Figure 21 、 Figure 22 、 Figure 23 As shown, the transverse lifting vehicle loading plate 13 can be moved horizontally left and right along the transverse track 131 to change the position of the vacant position, and the vacant position avoided can be used as a vertical channel for the upper lifting vehicle loading plate 11 to move up and down, and its own lifting vehicle loading plate 11 can also move up and down; Figure 3 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 17 、 Figure 18 、 Figure 19 、 Figure 24 As shown, the longitudinally movable vehicle loading plate 14 can be moved forward along the second longitudinally movable track 141 to the first floor of the first row parking unit for temporary parking. After the vehicle is stored or retrieved, it can be moved backward to return to its original position. Figure 2 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 14 、 Figure 15 、 Figure 17 、 Figure 18 、 Figure 21 、 Figure 22 、 Figure 23As shown, the transverse vehicle loading plate 15 can be moved horizontally along the second transverse track 151 to change the vacant position. The vacant position can be used as the landing position of the upper lifting vehicle loading plate 11, as the longitudinal channel for the longitudinal movement of the rear longitudinal vehicle loading plate 14, and as the longitudinal channel for the rear transverse vehicle loading plate 15 to store and retrieve vehicles.

[0103] The lifting carrier plates 11 of the top-level lifting carrier plate 11, the longitudinal lifting carrier plate 12, and the transverse lifting carrier plate 13 that descend to the first floor are actually the first carrier plate bodies 111 that descend to the first floor. However, in order to simplify the description and distinction, the first carrier plate bodies 111 of the top-level lifting carrier plate 11 that are lifted and lowered are collectively referred to as the lifting carrier plates 11, the first carrier plate bodies 111 of the longitudinal lifting carrier plate 12 that are lifted and lowered are collectively referred to as the longitudinal lifting carrier plate 12, and the first carrier plate bodies 111 of the transverse lifting carrier plate 13 that are lifted and lowered are collectively referred to as the longitudinal lifting carrier plate 13.

[0104] like Figure 2 As shown, the longitudinal lifting vehicle loading plate 12 is located on the 2nd to cth floors of each parking unit. Each floor can be fully loaded with the lifting vehicle loading plate 11 without leaving any empty space. The transverse lifting vehicle loading plate is located on the 2nd to c-1th floors of each parking unit. The transverse vehicle loading plate 15 is located on the 1st floor of each parking unit. Each floor with the transverse lifting vehicle loading plate 13 and the transverse vehicle loading plate 15 needs to have an empty space, that is, one less car can be parked. Figure 3 As shown, the longitudinally movable vehicle loading plate 14 is located at the first layer of the last row, and the last row can be fully parked without leaving any empty spaces.

[0105] In this embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the lifting vehicle loading plate 11 includes a lifting drive transmission mechanism 112 and a first vehicle loading plate body 111. The lifting drive transmission mechanism 112 can lift the first vehicle loading plate body 111 and keep it in a certain air position, and can also lower the first vehicle loading plate body 111 that is kept in a certain air position to the first floor for parking. For example, commonly used motor-driven reel rotation drives the wire rope to lift the first vehicle loading plate body 111, motor-driven sprocket rotation drives the chain to circulate back and forth to lift the first vehicle loading plate body 111 and other mechanisms or forms that can meet the requirements of driving the first vehicle loading plate body 111 to rise and fall smoothly can all be used in the present invention; Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, a longitudinal driving transmission mechanism 122 is installed on the longitudinal moving frame 123, and the longitudinal driving transmission mechanism 122 drives the longitudinal moving frame 123 to move forward or backward along the longitudinal moving track 121 to make way for the vertical channel required for the lifting of the upper lifting vehicle loading plate 11. For example, a driving motor, a pneumatic mechanism, a hydraulic power, etc. are used as a power source, and a transmission mechanism such as a chain sprocket can be used to drive the walking wheel to roll on the longitudinal moving track 121. Similarly, Figure 8 、 Figure 18 As shown, the longitudinally movable vehicle loading plate 14 comprises a second vehicle loading plate body 143 and a longitudinally movable driving transmission mechanism 142 mounted thereon. The longitudinally movable driving transmission mechanism 142 can drive the second vehicle loading plate body 143 to move longitudinally forward from the rear parking unit to the front parking unit along the longitudinally movable track 141, and return to the rear position; Figure 7 、 Figure 21 、 Figure 22 、 Figure 23 As shown, a transverse driving transmission mechanism 132 is installed on the transverse frame 133, and the transverse driving transmission mechanism 132 drives the transverse frame 133 to move left or right along the transverse track 131 to make room for a vertical channel required for the lifting of the upper lifting vehicle plate 11. Similarly, Figure 2 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 14 、 Figure 15 、 Figure 17 、 Figure 18 、 Figure 21 、 Figure 22 、 Figure 23 As shown, the transverse vehicle loading plate 15 includes a second vehicle loading plate body 143 and a second transverse driving transmission mechanism 152 installed thereon. The second transverse driving transmission mechanism 152 can drive the second vehicle loading plate body 143 to move left or right along the second transverse rail 151 to make room for a certain column as the landing position of the upper lifting vehicle loading plate 11 or as a longitudinal channel for the rear parking unit on this floor.

[0106] In this embodiment, parking space 1 includes a rows of parking units arranged longitudinally, each row of parking units includes b columns and c levels of parking spaces arranged transversely; where a, b, c, and n are all positive integers and a ≥ 1, b ≥ 1, c ≥ 2, and a-1 ≥ n ≥ 1;

[0107] Example 1: Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 、 Figure 13 As shown, the avoidance space 2 is in a row of parking units in front of the parking space 1. In the embodiment of the three-dimensional parking garage, a=1, b=3, and c=4 are provided. The second and third floors are each provided with a set of longitudinal movement frames 123 for mounting three sets of longitudinal movement lifting and lowering vehicle loading plates 12. The fourth floor is provided with three sets of lifting and lowering vehicle loading plates 11. The first floor is provided with two sets of transverse movement vehicle loading plates 15. The avoidance space 2 above the lane is provided with two layers of longitudinal movement rails 121 on the second and third floors. In this way, the entire three-dimensional parking garage can accommodate a total of 11 vehicles, with only one parking space in the first row on the first floor being vacant. In contrast, the conventional lifting and transverse movement type mechanical three-dimensional parking garage can only accommodate 9 vehicles, and can accommodate 2 more vehicles. The steps for parking and retrieving vehicles are as follows:

[0108] (1) When the target parking space for parking or retrieval is located in a certain row on a certain floor from the 2nd to the 4th floor, all the longitudinally movable lift car loading plates 12 below it are moved forward longitudinally to the avoidance space 2 for temporary parking. At the same time, the transversely movable car loading plates 15 on the first floor are moved horizontally left and right so that the corresponding row directly below the target parking space becomes an empty space. At this time, the lift car loading plates 11 of the target parking space can be lowered to the empty space on the first floor, and the parking or retrieval operation can be carried out.

[0109] (2) When the target parking space for parking or retrieval is located in any row on the first floor, the parking or retrieval operation can be performed without any operation.

[0110] Example 2: Figure 14 、 Figure 15 、 Figure 16 As shown, in an embodiment of a three-dimensional parking garage with a row of parking units behind the parking space 1, the avoidance space 2 is as follows: a=1, b=3, c=4, the second and third floors are each provided with a set of longitudinal movement frames 123 for mounting three sets of longitudinal movement lifting and lowering vehicle loading plates 12, the fourth floor is provided with three sets of lifting and lowering vehicle loading plates 11, the first floor is provided with two sets of transverse movement vehicle loading plates 15, and the avoidance space 2 behind the parking space 1 is provided with two layers of longitudinal movement rails 121 on the second and third floors. In this way, the entire three-dimensional parking garage can accommodate a total of 11 vehicles, with only one parking space in the first row on the first floor being vacant. In contrast, a conventional lifting and transverse movement type mechanical three-dimensional parking garage can only accommodate 9 vehicles, and can accommodate 2 more vehicles. The steps for parking and retrieving vehicles are as follows:

[0111] (1) When the target parking space for parking or retrieval is located in a certain row on a certain floor from the 2nd to the 4th floor, all the longitudinally movable lift car loading plates 12 below it are all longitudinally moved backward to the avoidance space 2 for temporary parking. At the same time, the transversely movable car loading plates 15 on the first floor are horizontally moved left and right so that the corresponding row directly below the target parking space becomes an empty space. At this time, the lift car loading plates 11 of the target parking space can be lowered to the empty space on the first floor, and the parking or retrieval operation can be carried out.

[0112] (2) When the target parking space for parking or retrieval is located in any row on the first floor, the parking or retrieval operation can be performed without any operation.

[0113] Example 3: Figure 17 、 Figure 18 、 Figure 19 、 Figure 20As shown, the avoidance space 2 is in front of the parking space 1, and the embodiment of the double-row parking garage is as follows: a=2, b=3, c=4. The second to fourth floors of each row of parking units are equipped with a set of longitudinal movement frames 123 for hanging three sets of longitudinal movement lifting plates 12 for lifting car loaders 11. The first row of parking units on the first floor is equipped with two sets of transverse movement car loaders 15, and the second row is equipped with three sets of longitudinal movement car loaders 14. The avoidance space 2 above the lane is equipped with three layers of longitudinal movement rails 121 on the second to fourth floors. In this way, the entire three-dimensional garage can accommodate a total of 23 vehicles, with only one parking space in the first row on the first floor being vacant. In contrast, the traditional double-row mechanical three-dimensional garage can only accommodate 18 vehicles, and can accommodate 5 more vehicles. The steps for parking and retrieving vehicles are as follows:

[0114] (1) When the target parking space for parking or retrieval is located in a certain row on the 2nd to 4th floors of the first row of parking units, all the longitudinally movable lifting and loading platforms 12 below it are moved forward longitudinally to the avoidance space 2 for temporary parking. At the same time, the horizontally movable loading platform 15 on the first floor is moved horizontally left and right so that the corresponding row directly below the target parking space becomes an empty space. At this time, the lifting and loading platform 11 of the target parking space can be lowered to the empty space on the first floor of the first row, and the parking or retrieval operation can be carried out in the front row.

[0115] (2) When the target parking space for parking or retrieval is located in any row of the first floor of the first row of parking units, parking or retrieval can be performed in the front row without any operation;

[0116] (3) When the target parking space for parking or retrieving a car is located in a certain row of the 2nd to 4th floors of the second row of parking units, the longitudinal lifting vehicle loading plate 12 of the target parking space, the longitudinal lifting vehicle loading plate 12 of the same floor as the target parking space in the first row of parking units and all the longitudinal lifting vehicle loading plates 12 of the floors below are all longitudinally moved forward by the distance of one row of parking units, the longitudinal lifting vehicle loading plate 12 of the first row is longitudinally moved to the avoidance space 2 and temporarily parked, the longitudinal lifting vehicle loading plate 12 of the target parking space in the second row of parking units is longitudinally moved forward to the position of the first row of parking units and temporarily parked, and at the same time, the transverse vehicle loading plate 15 is moved horizontally left and right. The horizontal movement makes the row of the first layer of the first row parking unit corresponding to the row where the target parking space is located become an empty space. At this time, the lifting car loading plate 11 of the target parking space can be lowered to the empty space on the first layer of the first row parking unit, and the parking and retrieval operation of the second row, i.e., the rear parking space, can be carried out in the first row, i.e., the front row. Moreover, the horizontal movement of the horizontal moving car loading plate 15 on the first layer of the first row parking unit and the vertical movement of all the vertical moving lifting car loading plates 12 are synchronously operated, which is equivalent to parking and retrieval of the car in the rear upper parking space only needing to go through the vertical movement and lifting of the vertical moving lifting car loading plate 12 in two stages, i.e., the parking and retrieval efficiency is significantly improved.

[0117] (4) When the target parking space for parking or retrieval is located at any row on the first floor of the second row of parking units, the horizontal shifting plate 15 is moved left and right to make the row corresponding to the first floor of the first row of parking units directly in front of the target parking space become a vacant space, and the vertical shifting plate 14 of the target parking space is moved forward to the first floor of the first row of parking units, and the parking or retrieval operation can be performed in the front row;

[0118] (5) Since all the longitudinally moving and lifting vehicle loading plates 12 of the second row (i.e., the last row) parking units are not lifted or lowered in the second row parking units, any floor of the last row parking units can be used as business premises, management premises, or other purposes without any form of vehicle loading plates. In particular, the first floor of the last row can also be used for direct parking without any vehicle loading plates.

[0119] Example 4: Figure 21 、 Figure 22 、 Figure 23 As shown, an embodiment of a mechanical stereoscopic parking garage is provided on both sides of the lane, wherein one side of the lane (referred to as the first group) is a single-row parking unit, three rows, four-story stereoscopic parking garage, the second floor is provided with a transverse lifting vehicle loading plate 13 with two parking spaces, the third floor is provided with a longitudinal lifting vehicle loading plate 12 with three parking spaces, the fourth floor is provided with a lifting vehicle loading plate 11 with three parking spaces, and the first floor is provided with a transverse lifting vehicle loading plate 15 with two parking spaces; on the other side of the lane (referred to as the second group), a stereoscopic parking garage with two rows of parking units is provided, each parking unit has three rows and four floors, and the second floor of the first row of parking units has two parking spaces. The lateral lifting car loading plate 13 of the first and second rows of parking units is provided with a longitudinal lifting car loading plate 12 with 3 parking spaces on the 3rd and 4th floors. The first floor of the first row of parking units is provided with a lateral lifting car loading plate 15 with 2 parking spaces. The first and second floors of the second row of parking units do not have any car loading plates. The space becomes a management room. The 3rd and 4th floors above the lane are the avoidance space 2, of which the 3rd floor avoidance space 2 and its longitudinal movement track 121 are shared by the three-dimensional parking garages on both sides, and a safety partition 21 is provided under the 3rd floor longitudinal movement track 121. The steps for storing and retrieving the car are as follows:

[0120] (1) When the target parking space for parking or retrieval is located in a certain row on the 2nd to 4th floors of the first group or the first row of parking units of the second group, the longitudinal lifting vehicle loading plate 12 below it moves longitudinally forward to the avoidance space 2 for temporary parking, and the transverse lifting vehicle loading plate 13 on the second floor moves transversely to the left or right to avoid the vertical passage required for the lifting of the upper lifting vehicle loading plate 11. At the same time, the transverse lifting vehicle loading plate 15 on the first floor moves horizontally left and right so that the corresponding row directly below the target parking space becomes an empty space. At this time, the lifting vehicle loading plate 11 of the target parking space can be lowered to the empty space on the first floor of the first row, and the parking or retrieval operation can be carried out;

[0121] (2) When the target parking space for parking or retrieving the car is located in a certain row on the 3rd to 4th floors of the second row of parking units in the second group, the longitudinal moving lifting vehicle loading plate 12 of the target parking space, the longitudinal moving lifting vehicle loading plate 12 on the same floor as the target parking space in the first row of parking units, and all the longitudinal moving lifting vehicle loading plates 12 on the floors below are all longitudinally moved forward by the distance of one row of parking units, the longitudinal moving lifting vehicle loading plate 12 in the first row is longitudinally moved to the avoidance space 2 and temporarily parked, and the longitudinal moving lifting vehicle loading plate 12 of the target parking space in the second row of parking units is longitudinally moved forward. The vehicle then moves to the first row of parking units and parks temporarily. The second-layer transverse lift vehicle loading plate 13 moves left or right to avoid the vertical passage required for the upper-layer lift vehicle loading plate 11 to move up and down. At the same time, the transverse lift vehicle loading plate 15 moves left and right horizontally so that the row of the first layer of the first row of parking units corresponding to the target parking space becomes an empty space. At this time, the lift vehicle loading plate 11 of the target parking space can be lowered to the empty space on the first layer of the first row of parking units, and the parking and retrieval operation of the second row, i.e., the rear parking space, can be carried out in the first row, i.e., the front row.

[0122] (3) When the target parking space for parking or retrieval is located in any row on the first floor of the first row of parking units in Group 1 or Group 2, parking or retrieval operations can be performed in the front row without any operation.

[0123] Example 5: Figure 24 As shown, a mechanical stereoscopic parking garage is provided on both sides of the lane, wherein one side of the lane (referred to as the first group) is a single-row parking unit, one row, four-story stereoscopic parking garage, the second and third floors are each provided with a longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plate 12 with one parking space, the fourth floor is provided with a lifting vehicle loading plate 11 with one parking space, and the first floor has no vehicle loading plate; the other side of the lane (referred to as the second group) is provided with a stereoscopic parking garage with two rows of parking units, each parking unit having one row and four floors, the second to fourth floors of the first and second rows of parking units are each provided with a longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plate 12 with one parking space, the first floor of the first row of parking units has no vehicle loading plate, and the first floor of the second row of parking units is provided with a longitudinally movable vehicle loading plate 14 with one parking space, the second to fourth floors above the lane are avoidance spaces 2, wherein the avoidance spaces 2 and the third floors and their longitudinal movement rails 121 are shared by the stereoscopic parking garages on both sides, and the steps for storing and retrieving cars are as follows:

[0124] (1) When the target parking space for parking or retrieval is located on any of the 2nd to 4th floors of the first group or the first row of parking units of the second group, all the longitudinally movable lift car loading plates 12 below it are longitudinally moved forward to the avoidance space 2 for temporary parking. At this time, the lift car loading plate 11 of the target parking space can be lowered to the vacant space on the first floor, and the parking or retrieval operation can be carried out;

[0125] (2) When the target parking space for parking or retrieving a car is located on a certain floor of the 2nd to 4th floors of the 2nd row of parking units in the 2nd group, the longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plate 12 of the target parking space, the longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plate 12 of the same floor as the target parking space in the 1st row of parking units and all the longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plates 12 of the floors below are all longitudinally moved forward by the distance of 1 row of parking units, the longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plate 12 of the 1st row is longitudinally moved to the avoidance space 2 and temporarily parked, the longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plate 12 of the target parking space in the 2nd row of parking units is longitudinally moved forward to the position of the 1st row of parking units and temporarily parked, at this time the lifting vehicle loading plate 11 of the target parking space can be lowered to the vacant space on the 1st floor of the 1st row of parking units, and the parking or retrieving operation of the 2nd row of parking spaces, i.e. the rear row, can be performed in the 1st row, i.e. the front row.

[0126] (3) When the target parking space for parking or retrieval is located at the first floor of the second row of parking units in the second group, the longitudinally movable loading plate 14 is directly longitudinally moved to the first floor of the first row of parking units, and the parking or retrieval operation can be performed in the front row.

[0127] When a≥3, that is, it is a multi-row mechanical parking garage composed of multiple rows of parking units. The steps for storing and retrieving cars in various cases are similar to those when a=2 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0128] Preferably, the bottoms of both the longitudinal and transverse moving vehicle loading plates 14, 15 are equipped with running rollers. Four sets of running rollers are arranged at the four corners of the longitudinal and transverse moving vehicle loading plates 14, 15. Each set of running rollers may comprise one or more running rollers, with the multiple running rollers arranged sequentially along the travel paths of the longitudinal and transverse moving vehicle loading plates 14, 15. If multiple running rollers are provided, the gap between the second longitudinal guide rail 141 and the second transverse guide rail 151 can be appropriately increased during use without affecting the smooth movement of the longitudinal and transverse moving vehicle loading plates 14, 15.

Claims

1. A high-density mechanical stereo parking garage with vertical movement and avoidance in the air, characterized by: The invention comprises a parking space (1) and an avoidance space (2), wherein the parking space (1) comprises a row of parking units arranged in a longitudinal direction, each row of parking units comprises b columns and c layers of parking spaces arranged in a transverse direction, and at least one layer of a row of parking units is provided with a longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plate (12) and a longitudinally movable track (121), the avoidance space (2) is located in front of or / and behind the parking space (1), the longitudinally movable track (121) extends horizontally from the parking space (1) to the avoidance space (2), and the structural specifications of the avoidance space (2) can meet the requirements of accommodating the temporary parking of all longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plates (12) of n consecutive rows of parking units at the same time, wherein: a , b, c, n are all positive integers and a≥1, b≥1, c≥2, a-1≥n≥1; in the parking unit: the top c-th floor is provided with a maximum of b sets of longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plates (12) or a maximum of b sets of lifting vehicle loading plates (11), each of the 2nd to c-1 floors is provided with a maximum of b sets of longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plates (12) or a maximum of b-1 sets of transversely movable lifting vehicle loading plates (13), and at least one of the 2nd to c-th floors is provided with a longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plate (12), the first floor of the 1st to a-1st rows is provided with a maximum of b-1 sets of transversely movable vehicle loading plates (15), and when a≥2, the first floor of the a-th row parking unit may also be provided with a maximum of b sets of longitudinally movable vehicle loading plates (14).

2. The high-density mechanical stereo garage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal shifting lifting vehicle loading plate (12) includes a longitudinal shifting frame (123) and a lifting vehicle loading plate (11) mounted thereon. A certain layer of a parking unit can be provided with only one set of longitudinal shifting frames (123) and a maximum of b sets of lifting vehicle loading plates (11) mounted thereon, or can be provided with a maximum of b sets of longitudinal shifting frames (123) and a one-to-one lifting vehicle loading plate (11) mounted thereon. Both forms are collectively referred to as having a maximum of b sets of longitudinal shifting lifting vehicle loading plates (12); the transverse shifting lifting vehicle loading plate (13) includes a transverse shifting frame (133) and a lifting vehicle loading plate (11) mounted thereon. The transverse shifting frame (133) is a one-to-one lifting vehicle loading plate (11) mounted thereon. A maximum of b-1 sets of transverse shifting lifting vehicle loading plates (13) can be provided on each layer of a parking unit.

3. The high-density mechanical stereo garage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The avoidance space (2) is located above the lane. A safety partition (21) is provided below the bottom longitudinal track (121) of the avoidance space (2) above the lane. The structure of the safety partition (21) can block falling objects, dripping water, and oil leakage. The height of the safety partition (21) is suitable so as not to hinder the longitudinal movement of the longitudinal lifting vehicle plate (12) and not to affect the normal traffic of people and vehicles on the lane.

4. The high-density mechanical stereo garage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The avoidance space (2) can also be arranged in the air above the rear of the parking space (1), or in the air above the front and rear of the parking space (1) at the same time.

5. The high-density mechanical stereo garage according to claim 1, characterized in that: When mechanical stereo garages with aerial longitudinal movement avoidance are provided on both sides of a lane, the longitudinal movement track (121) can simultaneously span the air above the lane, connecting the avoidance space (2) and the parking spaces (1) on both sides. The stereo garages on both sides of the lane can share the avoidance space (2) and its longitudinal movement track (121).

6. The high-density mechanical stereo garage according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the avoidance space (2) is located above the front of the parking space (1) and a≥2, and the 2nd to cth floors of the 1st to a-1st rows of parking units of the parking space (1) are all equipped with longitudinally movable lifting loading plates (12), any floor of the ath row, i.e., the last row of parking units, may not be equipped with a loading plate, and these floors without loading plates may be used as buildings or objects for non-parking purposes, and the 1st floor may also be used for flat parking.

7. A method for storing and retrieving a vehicle in a high-density mechanical stereo garage according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that include: By longitudinally moving the lifting vehicle carrier (12) along the longitudinal moving track (121) between the rows of parking units in the parking space (1) and between the parking space (1) and the avoidance space (2), all layers of a row of parking units provided with the longitudinally moving lifting vehicle carrier (12) can serve as vertical channels for the lifting and lowering movement of the lifting vehicle carrier (11) on the upper layer thereof, or / and, by transversely moving the lifting vehicle carrier (13) along the transverse moving track (131) between the rows, any layer of the transversely moving lifting vehicle carrier (13) provided in the parking unit can be used as a vertical channel for the lifting and lowering movement of the lifting vehicle carrier (11) on the upper layer thereof. One row can serve as a vertical passage for the lifting and lowering movement of its upper lifting vehicle loading plate (11); by horizontally moving the vehicle loading plate (15) along the second horizontal movement track (151) between the rows, the position of the vacant position can be changed, and the upper lifting vehicle loading plate (11) can land on the vacant position, and the vacant position can also serve as a longitudinal passage for vehicles and pedestrians, or as a longitudinal passage for the longitudinal movement vehicle loading plate (14) of the rear row to move forward and backward; the longitudinal movement vehicle loading plate (14) can move longitudinally between the rear parking unit and the front parking unit along the second longitudinal movement track (141); The lifting vehicle loading plate (11) fixedly installed on the top floor, the lifting vehicle loading plate (11) mounted on the longitudinal moving lifting vehicle loading plate (12) longitudinal moving frame (123), and the lifting vehicle loading plate (11) mounted on the transverse moving lifting vehicle loading plate (13) transverse moving frame (133) can all be lifted and moved in the vertical direction. After landing on the first floor, the vehicle enters the lifting vehicle loading plate (11) and rises to the original floor for parking, and leaves the lifting vehicle loading plate (11) for taking out the vehicle; the vehicle enters the transverse moving vehicle loading plate (15) or the longitudinal moving vehicle loading plate (14) for parking, and leaves the transverse moving vehicle loading plate (15) or the longitudinal moving vehicle loading plate (14) for taking out the vehicle.

8. The method for storing and retrieving a vehicle in a high-density mechanical stereo garage according to claim 7 is characterized in that Also includes: The avoidance space (2) is located above the lane in front of the parking space (1). When a target parking space on the Lth floor of the Mth row parking unit needs to be parked or retrieved, where a≥M≥1 and c≥L≥1, the parking or retrieval steps are as follows: (1) When L=1 and the target parking space is the transverse loading plate (15): By moving the car loading plate (15) horizontally left and right, the first vacant space in the 1st to M-1 rows of parking units in front of the target parking space is formed into a longitudinal driving channel. The car can be parked on the car loading plate of the target parking space by reversing from the lane and passing through the longitudinal driving channel. The car can be taken out of the target parking space by leaving the car loading plate and passing through the longitudinal driving channel. When M=1, the car can be directly parked and taken out in the front row. (2) Or when L=1 and the target parking space is the longitudinally moving vehicle loading plate (14): By moving the transverse vehicle loading plate (15) left and right, a longitudinal movement channel is formed at the vacant space on the first floor of the parking units in the 1st to M-1 rows directly in front of the target parking space. The longitudinal movement vehicle loading plate (14) of the target parking space is moved forward along the longitudinal movement channel to the first floor of the parking units in the first row, so that the car can be stored or retrieved in the front row. After the storage or retrieval is completed, the longitudinal movement vehicle loading plate (14) is moved back along the longitudinal movement channel to the original position.

9. The method for storing and retrieving a vehicle in a high-density mechanical stereo garage according to claim 7 is characterized in that Also includes: When the avoidance space (2) is located above the lane in front of the parking space (1), and a target parking space on the Lth floor of the Mth row parking unit is a longitudinally movable lifting platform (12), and a ≥ M ≥ 1, c ≥ L ≥ 2, and M ≤ n + 1, the steps for parking and retrieving the vehicle are as follows: All longitudinally movable lifting and loading plates (12) on the Lth floor of the 1st to Mth rows of parking units are longitudinally moved forward so that the longitudinally movable lifting and loading plates (12) on the Lth floor of the Mth row of parking units are temporarily parked on the Lth floor of the 1st row of parking units. In the 2nd to L-1th floors of the 1st row of parking units, all longitudinally movable lifting and loading plates (12) are longitudinally moved forward to the avoidance space (2) to make way for the vertical passage of the 1st row of parking units. All transversely movable lifting and loading plates (13) are transversely moved left and right to make way for the vertical passage of the 1st row of parking units. The transversely movable loading plates (15) on the first floor of the 1st row of parking units are transversely moved left and right to make way for the vacant position for the lifting and loading plates (11) of the target parking space to land. The lifting and loading plates (11) of the target parking space land on the vacant position on the first floor of the 1st row of parking units so that the car can be parked or retrieved in the front row.

10. The method for storing and retrieving a vehicle in a high-density mechanical stereo garage according to claim 7, characterized in that Also includes: When the avoidance space (2) is located above the lane in front of the parking space (1), and a target parking space on the Lth floor of the Mth row parking unit is a longitudinally movable lifting platform (12), and a ≥ M ≥ 1, c ≥ L ≥ 2, and M > n + 1, the steps for parking and retrieving the car are as follows: All the longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plates (12) on the Lth floor of the 1st to Mth rows of parking units are longitudinally moved forward by the distance of n rows of parking units, so that the longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plates (12) on the Lth floor of the Mth row of parking units are temporarily parked on the Lth floor of the Mnth row of parking units. In the 2nd to L-1st floors of the Mnth row of parking units, all the longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plates (12) and the longitudinally movable lifting vehicle loading plates (12) in front of their respective floors are longitudinally moved forward by the distance of one row of parking units to make way for the vertical passage of the Mnth row of parking units. All the transversely movable lifting vehicle loading plates (13) are transversely moved left and right to make way for the vertical passage of the Mnth row of parking units. 5) moves horizontally to the left and right so that the first floor of the Mn-th row of parking units makes room for the vacant space required for the lifting vehicle loading plate (11) of the target parking space to land, and the vacant spaces of the first floors of the parking units in front of the vacant space form a longitudinal driving passage. The lifting vehicle loading plate (11) of the target parking space lands on the vacant space of the first floor of the Mn-th row of parking units. The vehicle can enter the lifting vehicle loading plate (11) of the target parking space by reversing from the lane and crossing the longitudinal driving passage to park the vehicle. The vehicle can leave the lifting vehicle loading plate (11) of the target parking space and cross the longitudinal driving passage to reach the lane to pick up the vehicle, thereby achieving the purpose of parking and retrieving the vehicle in the parking units in the n rows in front of the row where the target parking space is located.

11. The method for storing and retrieving a vehicle in a high-density mechanical stereo garage according to claim 7, characterized in that Also includes: When the avoidance space (2) is located above the lane in front of the parking space (1), and a target parking space on the Lth floor of the Mth row parking unit is a lifting vehicle loading plate (11) or a horizontal lifting vehicle loading plate (13), and a ≥ M ≥ 1, c ≥ L ≥ 2, the steps for parking and retrieving the vehicle are as follows: In the 2nd to L-1th floors of the Mth row of parking units, all longitudinally moving lifting and loading plates (12) and the longitudinally moving lifting and loading plates (12) in front of their respective floors are all longitudinally moved forward by the distance of one row of parking units to make way for the vertical passage, and all transversely moving lifting and loading plates (13) avoid the vertical passage by moving left and right. By moving the transverse loading plates (15) left and right, the first floor of the Mth row of parking units makes way for the vacant space required for the lifting and loading plates (11) of the target parking space to land, and the vacant spaces of the first floors of each row of parking units in front of the vacant space form a longitudinal driving passage, and the lifting and loading plates (11) of the target parking space land on the vacant space of the first floor of the Mth row of parking units. The car can be parked on the lifting and loading plates (11) of the target parking space by reversing from the lane and crossing the longitudinal driving passage, and then the car can be picked up by driving away from the lifting and loading plates (11) of the target parking space and crossing the longitudinal driving passage to the lane. When M=1, there is no need to avoid the longitudinal driving passage, and the car can be parked and picked up in the front row.

12. A method for storing and retrieving a vehicle in a high-density mechanical stereo garage according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that Also includes: The avoidance space (2) is located above and behind the parking space (1). When a target parking space on the Lth floor of the Mth row parking unit needs to be parked or retrieved, where a≥M≥1 and c≥L≥1, the parking or retrieval steps are as follows: (1) When L=1: the same as the parking and retrieval method described in claim 8, except that the avoidance space (2) is behind the parking space (1), and the first layer is not provided with a longitudinally movable vehicle loading plate (14); (2) When c ≥ L ≥ 2: In the 2nd to L-1th floors of the Mth row of parking units, all longitudinally moving lifting and loading plates (12) and the longitudinally moving lifting and loading plates (12) in front of their respective floors are all longitudinally moved backward by the distance of one row of parking units to make way for the vertical passage, and all transversely moving lifting and loading plates (13) avoid the vertical passage by moving left and right. By moving the transverse loading plates (15) left and right, the first floor of the Mth row of parking units makes way for the vacant space required for the lifting and loading plates (11) of the target parking space to land, and the vacant spaces of the first floors of each row of parking units in front of the vacant space form a longitudinal driving passage, and the lifting and loading plates (11) of the target parking space land on the vacant space of the first floor of the Mth row of parking units. The car can be parked on the lifting and loading plates (11) of the target parking space by reversing from the lane and crossing the longitudinal driving passage, and then the car can be picked up by driving away from the lifting and loading plates (11) of the target parking space and crossing the longitudinal driving passage to the lane. When M=1, there is no need to avoid the longitudinal driving passage, and the car can be parked and picked up in the front row.

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