Swelling capacity absorbing and sealing structure between high-temperature boiling bed board and cylinder

Abstract

The invention discloses an expansion capacity absorbing and sealing structure between a bed plate and a barrel of a high-temperature boiling bed, and belongs to the technical field of large high-temperature boiling beds. Comprising a cylinder, a top fixing structure, a middle elastic sealing structure and a bottom bed plate structure. Through the design that an expansion gap is reserved between the bottom of the barrel and a bottom bed plate structure, a composite sealing structure is formed by a thin steel sheet set and an elastic steel sheet set, and a gap is filled with high-temperature-resistant lubricating grease, multi-stage absorption and dynamic sealing compensation of the thermal expansion amount are achieved; the device has the advantages of effectively absorbing thermal expansion difference between the bed plate and the cylinder body under high-temperature working conditions, keeping long-term sealing performance, adapting to extreme working conditions and prolonging the service life of equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of large-scale high-temperature fluidized bed, and in particular to an expansion absorption and sealing structure between a bed plate and a cylinder of a high-temperature fluidized bed. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern industrial suspension calcination technology, the industrial application scenarios of suspension calcination fluidized beds are becoming increasingly widespread. In high-temperature industrial production processes such as metallurgy and chemical engineering, large-scale fluidized bed equipment faces severe thermal expansion issues. Under high-temperature conditions, the bed plate and the cylinder experience significant thermal expansion differences. This difference can lead to stress concentration and seal failure at the equipment's joints, seriously affecting the equipment's safe operation and service life.

[0003] At present, the industry mainly uses expansion joints to solve such problems. As a traditional thermal compensation device, expansion joints have the advantages of compact structure and easy installation, but they have obvious shortcomings in actual applications. First, the sealing performance of the expansion joint will gradually deteriorate with the extension of service time. The sealing material is prone to aging and brittleness in a long-term high-temperature environment, resulting in seal failure. Secondly, conventional expansion joints are difficult to adapt to the extreme working conditions of large-scale high-temperature fluidized bed equipment. In harsh environments such as high temperature, high pressure, and strong corrosion, structural deformation, sealing leakage and other problems are prone to occur. In addition, the structural design of traditional expansion joints often cannot effectively take into account the dual requirements of thermal expansion compensation and sealing performance. Local stress concentration is prone to occur during the operation of the equipment, affecting the overall stability of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an expansion absorption and sealing structure between a high-temperature fluidized bed bed plate and a cylinder, which can solve the problem that the expansion absorption and sealing using expansion joints in the prior art is difficult to adapt to high-temperature working environments and the use of large fluidized beds.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A high-temperature fluidized bed expansion absorption and sealing structure between the bed plate and the cylinder comprises a cylinder, a top fixing structure, a middle elastic sealing structure, and a bottom bed plate structure; an expansion gap is reserved between the bottom of the cylinder and the top of the bed plate structure, and the top fixing structure is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder;

[0007] The bottom bed plate structure includes a bed plate body and an outer insulation layer, wherein the bed plate body is located directly below the cylinder, the outer insulation layer surrounds the outer periphery of the bed plate body, and a gap filled with high-temperature resistant lubricating grease is formed between the outer insulation layer and the bed plate body;

[0008] The middle elastic sealing structure includes a thin steel plate group, an elastic steel plate group and a flexible fire-resistant insulation layer. The top end of the thin steel plate group is fixed around the outer periphery of the top fixed structure, and the bottom end of the thin steel plate group is movably inserted into the gap between the outer insulation layer and the bed board body. The top end of the elastic steel plate group is fixed around the outer periphery of the top end of the thin steel plate group, and the bottom end of the elastic steel plate group is tightly attached to the top of the outer insulation layer. The inner side of the elastic steel plate group and the inner side of the thin steel plate group are both filled with the flexible fire-resistant insulation layer.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the top fixing structure includes a plurality of sheet-like reinforcing ribs evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the cylinder, an annular flange fixed around the outer periphery of the cylinder by the plurality of reinforcing ribs, and the top end of the thin steel sheet group is fixed around the outer periphery of the bottom of the annular flange.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the top fixing structure also includes an outer sealing plate, the top of the outer sealing plate is fixed around the top periphery of the annular flange, and the bottom of the outer sealing plate is fixed around the top edge of the outer insulation layer.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the inner side of the outer sealing plate is filled with the flexible fire-resistant insulation layer.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the bed board body includes an inner upper bed board and an inner lower bed board, and the inner upper bed board is fixed to the top of the inner lower bed board.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: smooth steel plates are provided on both sides of the gap, and high-temperature resistant lubricating grease is filled between the two smooth steel plates.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: a support body is provided at the bottom of the bed board body, and the outer insulation layer extends to the outer periphery of the support body.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the thin steel sheet group includes at least three layers of steel sheets laminated in sequence, and the thickness of the thin steel sheet group is not greater than the width of the gap.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the elastic steel sheet group is composed of multiple curved rectangular steel plates stacked in sequence along the circumference of the thin steel sheet group, and the rectangular steel plates are overlapped in sequence to form an elastic sealing ring.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: the cylinder is an inverted cone structure with a bottom diameter smaller than a top diameter, and the connection between the elastic steel sheet group and the top fixed structure is located directly above the gap.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] The present invention provides an expansion absorption and sealing structure and components between the bed plate and the cylinder of a high-temperature boiling bed. Through the reserved expansion gap between the bottom of the cylinder and the bottom bed plate structure, the composite sealing structure composed of a thin steel plate group and an elastic steel plate group, and the gap design filled with high-temperature resistant lubricating grease, multi-stage absorption and dynamic sealing compensation of thermal expansion are achieved. It has the advantages of effectively absorbing the thermal expansion difference between the bed plate and the cylinder under high-temperature working conditions, maintaining long-term sealing performance, adapting to extreme working conditions, and extending the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The structural diagram on the right;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure at center A;

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure B in the middle;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the arrangement structure of rectangular steel plates in the elastic steel sheet group.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Top fixed structure; 101. Sheet-shaped reinforcing rib plate; 102. Annular flange; 103. Outer sealing plate; 2. Middle elastic sealing structure; 201. Thin steel sheet group; 202. Elastic steel sheet group; 203. Flexible fire-resistant insulation layer; 3. Bottom bed board structure; 301. Inner upper bed board; 302. Inner lower bed board; 303. Outer insulation layer; 304. Smooth steel plate; 305. Support body; 306. Gap; 4. Cylinder; 5. Rectangular steel plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, and a specific direction structure and operation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0029] In addition, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] Expansion joints are commonly used in suspension calcination fluidized bed equipment to compensate for thermal expansion. Traditional expansion joints rely on rubber or polymer seals for dynamic sealing. However, under sustained high-temperature conditions, the sealing material is susceptible to thermal degradation, leading to seal failure. Especially in large equipment with a diameter exceeding three meters, expansion joints are unable to withstand the combined effects of high-temperature thermal stress and mechanical deformation, posing a risk of cracking at the sealing interface.

[0031] In order to solve the above problems, the R&D team found that relying solely on a single sealing element could not give both high temperature tolerance and large displacement compensation capabilities. By analyzing the operating conditions of the equipment, it was found that the expansion between the bed plate and the cylinder has multi-directional characteristics, and different compensation mechanisms are required for axial displacement and radial displacement. Based on the application experience of high-temperature lubricating materials, attempts were made to introduce high-temperature resistant grease into the sliding sealing interface, and at the same time, composite elastic structures were designed to deal with deformation in different directions. Further combined with the needs of thermal protection, it was proposed to fill the dynamic sealing area with flexible refractory materials to form a technical route for the synergy of multi-stage sealing and thermal barriers.

[0032] Therefore, see Figure 1-5 As shown, this application proposes a combined expansion absorption and sealing structure between the bed plate and the cylinder of a high-temperature fluidized bed, comprising a cylinder 4, a top fixing structure 1, a middle elastic sealing structure 2, and a bottom bed plate structure 3. An expansion gap is reserved between the bottom of the cylinder 4 and the top of the bottom bed plate structure 3. When the fluidized bed operates at high temperatures, this gap prevents expansion of the cylinder 4 from directly contacting the bottom bed plate structure 3, thus avoiding thermal deformation interference.

[0033] See also Figure 1As shown, the top fixing structure 1 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder 4. The bottom bed plate structure 3 includes a bed plate body and an outer insulation layer 303. The bed plate body is located directly below the cylinder 4, and the outer insulation layer 303 surrounds the bed plate body. A gap 306 filled with high-temperature resistant lubricating grease is formed between the outer insulation layer 303 and the bed plate body. Figure 3 As shown, the middle elastic sealing structure 2 includes a thin steel sheet group 201, an elastic steel sheet group 202 and a flexible fire-resistant insulation layer 203. Figure 4 As shown, the top of the thin steel sheet group 201 is fixed around the outer periphery of the top fixed structure 1, and the bottom end is movably inserted into the gap 306 between the outer insulation layer 303 and the bed body. The top of the elastic steel sheet group 202 is fixed around the outer periphery of the top of the thin steel sheet group 201, and the bottom end is closely attached to the top of the outer insulation layer 303. The inside of the elastic steel sheet group 202 and the inside of the thin steel sheet group 201 are both filled with a flexible fire-resistant insulation layer 203.

[0034] Among them, the top fixed structure 1 refers to a rigid support frame arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder 4, which is used to fix the top of the thin steel plate group 201 and provide structural stability. The outer thermal insulation layer 303 refers to a thermal insulation protective layer wrapped around the outer periphery of the bed plate body, which can be specifically implemented by using a ceramic fiber composite material to reduce heat conduction and form a grease sealing cavity (gap 306). The high-temperature resistant lubricating grease refers to an inorganic silicon-based lubricating material with an operating temperature of not less than 500°C, which can be specifically prepared by using a composite of bentonite thickener and synthetic base oil. This material can still maintain the integrity of the lubricating film at high temperatures. The flexible fire-resistant thermal insulation layer 203 refers to a high-temperature resistant material filled inside the sealing structure. The flexible fire-resistant thermal insulation layer 203 can be a compressible refractory material layer made of ceramic fiber, aluminum silicate fiber or graphite composite material, which is used to block high-temperature radiation and maintain the elasticity of the elastic steel plate group 202.

[0035] Specifically, when the equipment expands due to heat, the cylinder 4 and the bottom bed plate structure 3 produce relative displacement. The cylinder 4 expands downward, the thin steel plate group 201 absorbs the axial expansion and slides down along the gap 306, and the elastic steel plate group 202 absorbs the radial expansion and bends more. As the bending increases, the bottom of the elastic steel plate group 202 and the top of the outer insulation layer 303 are further pressed together, increasing the sealing force of the elastic steel plate group 202. The high-temperature resistant lubricating grease between the outer insulation layer 303 and the bed plate body forms a fluid sealing layer at the sliding interface, while reducing friction resistance. The flexible fire-resistant insulation layer 203 maintains structural integrity in a high-temperature environment, preventing thermal stress from causing deformation and failure of the sealing component. The top fixed structure 1 ensures the positioning accuracy of the sealing component through a rigid connection to avoid instability of the overall structure.

[0036] Through the above-mentioned technical solution, this application effectively solves the problem of compensating for multi-directional displacement at the sealing interface of large equipment in high-temperature environments. The combined structure of thin steel plate group 201 and elastic steel plate group 202 achieves multi-dimensional displacement absorption, avoiding stress concentration at the sealing interface. The synergistic effect of high-temperature resistant lubricating grease and flexible refractory materials ensures the stability of sealing performance in high-temperature environments above 1000°C. This structure is particularly suitable for large-scale fluidized bed equipment with a diameter exceeding three meters. Under continuous operation conditions, the seal life can be extended to more than three times that of traditional expansion joints.

[0037] See also Figure 1 As shown, the top fixing structure 1 includes a plurality of sheet-like reinforcing ribs 101 evenly distributed on the periphery of the cylinder 4, an annular flange 102 fixed around the periphery of the cylinder 4 by the plurality of reinforcing ribs, and the top end of the thin steel sheet group 201 is fixed around the bottom periphery of the annular flange 102.

[0038] The sheet-like reinforcing ribs 101 are metal support plates evenly distributed along the circumference of the cylinder 4. They can be welded from heat-resistant steel plates with a thickness of 8-12 mm. They form an annular support network, dissipating thermal stresses within the cylinder 4 and preventing deformation and failure caused by localized stress concentration. The annular flange 102 is an annular connecting component formed by the reinforcing ribs. Specifically, it can be a forged flange with an inner diameter matching the outer diameter of the cylinder 4. It creates a rigid connection framework, provides a stable mounting base for the thin steel plate assembly 201, and ensures the geometric stability of the sealing structure.

[0039] Specifically, the sheet-like reinforcing ribs 101 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the cylinder 4 and connected to the outer wall of the cylinder 4 and the annular flange 102 by welding, forming a continuous annular support structure. This arrangement ensures that thermal expansion stress is evenly transferred to the reinforcing rib network along the circumference, effectively suppressing local deformation of the cylinder 4. The annular flange 102, secured by the reinforcing ribs, forms a highly rigid mounting surface. The top of the thin steel plate group 201 is bolted or welded to the outer periphery of the flange bottom, so that radial displacement of the thin steel plate group 201 is constrained by the rigidity of the flange, allowing only axial free expansion and contraction. This structural combination not only ensures the overall rigidity of the top fixing system, but also provides a precise reference surface for compensating for the directional expansion of the thin steel plate group 201.

[0040] Compared to existing technologies, traditional expansion joints rely on flexible sealing rings for displacement compensation, which are prone to aging and failure in high-temperature environments. Furthermore, the lack of a rigid support structure can cause the sealing surface to shift. This solution utilizes a rigid combination of a reinforcing rib plate and annular flange 102 to form a stable mechanical support body 305 system, eliminating the need for aging-prone flexible sealing materials. Furthermore, the flange's precise mounting datum surface ensures directional movement of the thin steel plate assembly 201 during high-temperature expansion, preventing unexpected deformation of the sealing structure.

[0041] Through the above technical solution, the present application achieves uniform stress distribution and rigid support of the top fixing system of the cylinder 4, effectively suppresses the risk of local deformation in a high-temperature environment, and provides an accurate displacement reference for the directional expansion compensation of the thin steel sheet group 201, thereby ensuring the geometric stability and sealing reliability of the sealing structure during thermal expansion.

[0042] Furthermore, the top fixed structure 1 also includes an outer sealing plate 103, the top of the outer sealing plate 103 is fixed around the top periphery of the annular flange 102, the bottom of the outer sealing plate 103 is fixed around the top edge of the outer insulation layer 303, and the inner side of the outer sealing plate 103 is filled with the flexible fire-resistant insulation layer 203.

[0043] The outer sealing plate 103 refers to the annular metal plate covering the junction between the annular flange 102 and the outer insulation layer 303. Specifically, it can be welded from a high-temperature resistant stainless steel plate with a thickness of 3-5 mm. Its annular structure can accommodate circumferential thermal expansion and deformation. The top periphery of the annular flange 102 refers to the annular area outside the upper end face of the flange. Specifically, the outer sealing plate 103 can be circumferentially fixed by welding or bolting. The top edge of the outer insulation layer 303 refers to the annular flange extending outward from the upper end of the insulation layer. Specifically, it can be prefabricated using refractory castables and bolted to the bottom of the outer sealing plate 103 to form a continuous sealing interface.

[0044] Specifically, the outer sealing plate 103 is circumferentially welded to the annular flange 102 at the top to form a closed package. Its bottom is welded to the annular flange at the top of the outer insulation layer 303 to form a bridge-type connection. When the equipment expands due to heat, radial displacement differences occur between the annular flange 102 and the outer insulation layer 303. The outer sealing plate 103 absorbs this relative displacement through its own rigid deformation, while maintaining the integrity of the sealing interface.

[0045] Through the above technical solution, the present application effectively solves the problem of interface cracking caused by thermal expansion of the sealing structure under high-temperature environments. The rigid cross-sealing structure realizes displacement compensation and continuous sealing between the flange and the outer insulation layer 303, blocks the leakage path of the high-temperature medium along the annular interface, and enhances the overall sealing reliability of the equipment. The flexible fire-resistant insulation layer 203 maintains structural integrity in an 800-1200°C working environment through the high-temperature stability of its own material, and prevents high-temperature thermal radiation from directly acting on the metal matrix of the outer sealing plate 103. At the same time, the material layer produces axial compression deformation when it expands due to heat, compensating for the difference in expansion between the outer sealing plate 103 and the adjacent annular flange 102 and the outer insulation layer 303. During the operation of the equipment, the flexible fire-resistant insulation layer 203 prevents the outer sealing plate 103 from bending and deforming due to the temperature gradient by continuously absorbing thermal stress, thereby maintaining the flatness of the sealing surface.

[0046] See also Figure 1 As shown, the bed board body includes an inner upper bed board 301 and an inner lower bed board 302, and the inner upper bed board 301 is fixed to the top of the inner lower bed board 302. Figure 4 As shown, smooth steel plates 304 are provided on both sides of the gap 306 , and high-temperature resistant lubricating grease is filled between the two smooth steel plates 304 .

[0047] Smooth 304 steel plate refers to a metal plate that has undergone a surface polishing process. Specifically, it can be achieved by using cold-rolled stainless steel plate through a mirror polishing process, with a surface roughness of less than Ra0.8μm. This feature reduces the coefficient of friction on the contact surface, reducing the mechanical resistance during relative sliding by approximately 60%.

[0048] Through the above technical solution, the present invention achieves a significant reduction in the friction resistance of the sealing interface under high temperature environment, reducing the consumption rate of lubricating grease to 0.1g / m per hour. 2 The service life of the sealing structure is extended from the conventional 3 months to more than 12 months without stopping the machine to replenish the lubricating medium.

[0049] Furthermore, a support body 305 is provided at the bottom of the bed board body, and the outer thermal insulation layer 303 is extended to the periphery of the support body 305 .

[0050] The support body 305 refers to a rigid component arranged under the bed board body for bearing the weight of the structure. It can be specifically implemented by a steel frame or a concrete base structure. Its function is to provide a stable mechanical support foundation for the bed board body and limit the irregular deformation of the bed board body in a high temperature environment.

[0051] Specifically, the support body 305 controls the vertical deformation of the bed plate body within the axial range through rigid constraints, preventing the seal structure from shifting due to non-uniform expansion. The continuous coating formed by the extension of the outer insulation layer 303 covers the periphery of the support body 305, blocking the heat conduction path from the high-temperature medium to the external environment through the surface of the support body 305, making the temperature gradient between the support body 305 and the bed plate body tend to be gentle. This dual control mechanism synchronizes the thermal expansion of the support body 305 area with the overall expansion of the bed plate body, avoiding expansion differences caused by local overheating of the support body 305, thereby ensuring the uniform distribution of the expansion gap and the integrity of the sealing structure.

[0052] See also Figure 1 As shown, the thin steel sheet group 201 includes at least three layers of steel sheets laminated in sequence, and the thickness of the thin steel sheet group 201 is not greater than the width of the gap 306 .

[0053] The thin steel sheet assembly 201 is a sealing assembly formed by stacking multiple layers of metal sheets. Specifically, it can be made of stainless steel sheets with a thickness of 0.5-1.2 mm, secured together by mechanical pressing or welding. The width of the gap 306 refers to the gap between the outer insulation layer 303 and the bed plate. This width can be adjusted by adjusting the bed plate's mounting position and is limited to 1.05-1.2 times the total thickness of the thin steel sheet assembly 201. This dimensional relationship ensures that the thin steel sheet assembly 201 can move freely when inserted into the gap 306 while also allowing for thermal expansion.

[0054] See also Figure 5 As shown, the elastic steel sheet group 202 is composed of multiple curved rectangular steel plates 5 stacked in sequence along the circumference of the thin steel sheet group 201, and each rectangular steel plate 5 is overlapped in sequence to form an elastic sealing ring.

[0055] The multiple curved rectangular steel plates 5 refer to thin metal plates with a preset curvature, which can be specifically achieved by stamping and forming high-temperature resistant alloy materials. The curvature of the curvature can be adaptively adjusted according to the expansion direction between the cylinder 4 and the bed plate body. Circumferential stacking refers to the continuous arrangement of the rectangular steel plates 5 along the circumference of the thin steel plate group 201. Adjacent rectangular steel plates 5 can be overlapped in sequence by welding or riveting to ensure that the stacking direction is consistent with the radial expansion direction of the cylinder 4. Overlapping to form an elastic sealing ring refers to the overlapping of the edges of adjacent steel plates, which can be achieved by extending one end below the curved section of the next steel plate.

[0056] Specifically, when the cylinder 4 and the bed plate undergo relative displacement due to high temperature, the curved rectangular steel plate 5 absorbs the axial and radial expansion through its own deformation. The stacked structure allows each steel plate to form a continuous sealing surface in the circumferential direction, avoiding local stress concentration that may lead to structural failure. The overlap design allows the rectangular steel plate 5 to produce a slight displacement during thermal expansion, while maintaining the stability of the overall structure through the friction between the interlayer contact surfaces. In high-temperature environments, high-temperature resistant alloy materials can reduce the problem of irreversible deformation caused by thermal fatigue, and the circumferential stacking arrangement enables the sealing ring to adapt to expansion differences in different directions.

[0057] In some embodiments, the curvature of the rectangular steel plates 5 may be an involute curve that matches the inverted conical structure of the cylinder 4, for example, with the radius of curvature gradually decreasing with stacking height. The overlap length of adjacent rectangular steel plates 5 may be one-fifth to one-third of the width of the steel plates, for example, by staggered welding.

[0058] Compared to existing technologies, traditional expansion joints rely on rubber or polymer seals, which are prone to aging and cracking at high temperatures. This solution, however, employs an all-metal laminated structure, leveraging the material's high-temperature resistance and structural elasticity to achieve dynamic sealing. Existing, monolithic seals are difficult to adapt to the uneven expansion of large equipment. This solution's laminated, overlapped design allows each steel plate to deform independently, distributing stress and improving sealing reliability.

[0059] Through the above technical solution, this application solves the problem of sealing failure of traditional sealing rings caused by material aging at high temperatures. The elastic deformation ability of the metal stacked structure is used to compensate for the uneven expansion of large equipment. At the same time, the overlap design is used to maintain continuous coverage of the sealing surface, which significantly improves the long-term stability and environmental adaptability of the sealing structure in the high-temperature boiling bed equipment.

[0060] See also Figure 5 As shown, the cylinder 4 is configured as an inverted cone structure with a bottom diameter smaller than a top diameter, and the connection between the elastic steel sheet group 202 and the top fixed structure 1 is located directly above the gap 306 between the bed board body and the outer insulation layer 303 .

[0061] The inverted cone structure refers to a cone-shaped geometry in which the cylinder 4 presents a larger diameter at the top than at the bottom along the axial direction. This structure uses its geometric shape to guide the cylinder 4 to produce coordinated axial and radial deformations during high-temperature expansion, thereby avoiding deformation of the sealing structure caused by local stress concentration. The connection point located directly above the gap 306 means that the vertical projection of the top of the elastic steel plate group 202 and the fixed point of the top fixed structure 1 covers the area of ​​the gap 306 below. This can be achieved by adjusting the installation height of the annular flange 102. This positional relationship ensures that the deformation direction of the elastic steel plate group 202 is consistent with the expansion displacement direction of the cylinder 4, forming dynamic sealing compensation.

[0062] Specifically, when the cylinder 4 expands due to heat, the inverted cone structure causes the bottom of the cylinder 4 to expand radially outward and displace axially upward. Due to the small diameter of the bottom, the deformation of the cylinder 4 is constrained to expand uniformly along the conical surface, avoiding misalignment between the bed structure and the cylinder 4 due to excessive local expansion. The top fixing point of the elastic steel sheet group 202 is located directly above the gap 306, so that the elastic steel sheet will produce a bending deformation consistent with the vertical direction of the gap 306 when the cylinder 4 expands, continuously pressing the top of the outer insulation layer 303. This deformation path forms an orthogonal relationship with the displacement direction of the gap 306, thereby maintaining effective contact of the sealing surface in a high-temperature environment and preventing leakage channels due to structural dislocation.

[0063] Through the above-mentioned technical solution, this application solves the problem of sealing surface separation caused by differential thermal expansion between the cylinder 4 and the bed plate structure in high-temperature environments, enabling the sealing structure to adapt to the displacement caused by the deformation of the cylinder 4. Guided by the inverted conical structure, the elastic steel plate group 202 forms a directional deformation compensation, ensuring that the sealing surface remains in contact during high-temperature expansion, preventing high-temperature gas leakage. This structure achieves simultaneous improvements in sealing reliability and high-temperature adaptability through geometric optimization.

[0064] The above detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention should not be considered to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature fluidized bed expansion absorption and sealing structure between the bed plate and the cylinder, characterized by: It comprises a cylinder (4), a top fixing structure (1), a middle elastic sealing structure (2) and a bottom bed plate structure (3); an expansion gap is reserved between the bottom of the cylinder (4) and the top of the bed plate structure, and the top fixing structure (1) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder (4); The bottom bed plate structure (3) comprises a bed plate body and an outer thermal insulation layer (303), wherein the bed plate body is located directly below the cylinder (4), the outer thermal insulation layer (303) surrounds the outer periphery of the bed plate body, and a gap (306) filled with high-temperature resistant lubricating grease is formed between the outer thermal insulation layer (303) and the bed plate body; The middle elastic sealing structure (2) comprises a thin steel sheet group (201), an elastic steel sheet group (202) and a flexible fire-resistant heat-insulating layer (203); the top end of the thin steel sheet group (201) is fixed around the outer periphery of the top fixed structure (1); the bottom end of the thin steel sheet group (201) is movably inserted into the gap (306) between the outer insulation layer (303) and the bed plate body; the top end of the elastic steel sheet group (202) is fixed around the outer periphery of the top end of the thin steel sheet group (201); the bottom end of the elastic steel sheet group (202) is tightly attached to the top of the outer insulation layer (303); and the inner side of the elastic steel sheet group (202) and the inner side of the thin steel sheet group (201) are both filled with the flexible fire-resistant heat-insulating layer (203).

2. The expansion absorption and sealing structure between the bed plate and the cylinder of a high-temperature fluidized bed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top fixing structure (1) comprises a plurality of sheet-like reinforcing ribs (101) uniformly distributed on the outer periphery of the cylinder (4), an annular flange (102) fixedly surrounding the outer periphery of the cylinder (4) via the plurality of reinforcing ribs, and the top end of the thin steel sheet group (201) is fixedly surrounding the outer periphery of the bottom of the annular flange (102).

3. The expansion absorption and sealing structure between the bed plate and the cylinder of a high-temperature fluidized bed according to claim 2 is characterized by: The top fixing structure (1) further comprises an outer sealing plate (103), the top of the outer sealing plate (103) being fixed around the top periphery of the annular flange (102), and the bottom of the outer sealing plate (103) being fixed around the top edge of the outer insulation layer (303).

4. The expansion absorption and sealing structure between the bed plate and the cylinder of a high-temperature fluidized bed according to claim 3 is characterized by: The inner side of the outer sealing plate (103) is filled with the flexible fire-resistant heat-insulating layer (203).

5. The expansion absorption and sealing structure between the bed plate and the cylinder of a high-temperature fluidized bed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bed board body comprises an inner upper bed board (301) and an inner lower bed board (302), and the inner upper bed board (301) is fixed to the top of the inner lower bed board (302).

6. The expansion absorption and sealing structure between the bed plate and the cylinder of a high-temperature fluidized bed according to claim 5, characterized in that: Smooth steel plates (304) are provided on both sides of the gap (306), and high-temperature resistant lubricating grease is filled between the two smooth steel plates (304).

7. The expansion absorption and sealing structure between the bed plate and the cylinder of a high-temperature fluidized bed according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A support body (305) is provided at the bottom of the bed board body, and the outer thermal insulation layer (303) extends to the periphery of the support body (305).

8. The expansion absorption and sealing structure between the bed plate and the cylinder of a high-temperature fluidized bed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thin steel sheet group (201) comprises at least three layers of steel sheets laminated in sequence, and the thickness of the thin steel sheet group (201) is no greater than the width of the gap (306).

9. The expansion absorption and sealing structure between the bed plate and the cylinder of a high-temperature fluidized bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic steel sheet group (202) is composed of a plurality of curved rectangular steel plates (5) stacked in sequence along the circumference of the thin steel sheet group (201), and each rectangular steel plate (5) is overlapped in sequence to form an elastic sealing ring.

10. The expansion absorption and sealing structure between the bed plate and the cylinder of a high-temperature fluidized bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder (4) is an inverted cone-shaped structure with a bottom diameter smaller than a top diameter, and the connection between the elastic steel sheet group (202) and the top fixed structure (1) is located directly above the gap (306).

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