Electrostatic potential rapid detection device and method based on charge active dissipation and waveform characteristic criterion

Abstract

The invention provides an electrostatic potential rapid detection device and method based on charge active dissipation and waveform characteristic criteria, the device comprises a sensor shell and a detection module, a wire slot is arranged in the sensor shell, and the detection module is arranged below the wire slot in the sensor shell. The detection module comprises a copper foil electrode, a shielding sheet, an induction electrode and a signal processing circuit, the copper foil electrode is arranged below the wire slot, the induction electrode is arranged below the copper foil electrode, and the shielding sheet is arranged between the copper foil electrode and the induction electrode and is driven by a motor to rotate; the reverse voltage applied to the copper foil electrode can accelerate the charge discharge process of the suspension wire; multiple waveform features are extracted through waveform feature analysis and a state judgment algorithm in the method, and two-stage criteria are combined, so that the misjudgment rate of the on-off state of the hard pressing plate is remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrostatic potential detection, and in particular to a device and method for rapid detection of electrostatic potential based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criteria. Background Art

[0002] The pressure plate is a key component in the outlet circuit of power secondary equipment. Through manual operation, it provides a reliable breakpoint, ensuring the safe disconnection of protective or automatic device circuits. With the advancement of remote operation and maintenance of secondary systems, remote and accurate monitoring of the commissioning and decommissioning status of the pressure plate has become a technological necessity. The key to this is rapid and reliable status detection capabilities.

[0003] Traditional electrostatic potential measurement sensors for detecting the status of hard platens have the following key issues: when the platen is withdrawn, the wires become suspended, forming a suspended potential, and this charge slowly discharges through the air or insulating medium. The sensor's output electric field strength requires the complete dissipation of the charge, typically taking tens of minutes to determine the platen's status, resulting in significant response delays. During this process, traditional electrostatic potential measurement sensors lack a mechanism to actively intervene in charge migration, relying solely on air ionization or dielectric leakage current to dissipate the charge, making them unable to quickly respond to state changes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for rapid detection of electrostatic potential based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic judgment, so as to at least solve the above problems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The first aspect of the present application provides an electrostatic potential rapid detection device based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature judgment, including a sensor housing and a detection module, a wire groove is provided in the sensor housing, and the detection module is arranged below the wire groove in the sensor housing. The detection module includes a copper foil electrode, a shielding plate, a sensing electrode and a signal processing circuit, the copper foil electrode is arranged below the wire groove, the sensing electrode is arranged below the copper foil electrode, the shielding plate is arranged between the copper foil electrode and the sensing electrode and is rotated by a motor, the sensing electrode is electrically connected to the signal processing circuit, and the copper foil electrode is fed with the reverse voltage of the wire to be detected.

[0007] Furthermore, the shielding sheet is grounded.

[0008] Furthermore, the copper foil electrode is arranged in a non-contact manner with the wire.

[0009] A second aspect of the present application provides a method for rapid detection of electrostatic potential based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criteria, the method being executed in a rapid detection device for electrostatic potential based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criteria, the method comprising the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Collect the wire voltage signal and use a digital low-pass filter to suppress the high-frequency noise of the signal;

[0011] Step 2: Extract signal features, specifically including: dynamically tracking the peak-to-peak value of the signal to obtain the peak-to-peak sequence of the signal; performing exponential fitting on the peak-to-peak sequence to calculate the signal decay rate; and using a sliding window to calculate the waveform standard deviation to quantify the signal's volatility.

[0012] Step 3: Determine the potential state based on the characteristics of the signal extraction point.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 1, the digital low-pass filter is used to suppress the high-frequency noise of the signal as follows:

[0014] The signal is processed using the transfer function of a second-order Butterworth filter, and then the signal is discretized to obtain a difference equation, which is used to output the processed signal.

[0015] The transfer function of the second-order Butterworth filter is:

[0016]

[0017] Among them, ω c represents the angular frequency form of the cutoff frequency and ω c =2πf c , f c represents the cutoff frequency, s is the frequency response of the filter;

[0018] The difference equation is:

[0019] y[n]=0.0201x[n]+0.0402x[n-1]+0.0201x[n-2]+1.561y[n-1]-0.6414y[n-2]

[0020] Where x[n] represents the input signal and y[n] represents the output signal.

[0021] Furthermore, the peak-to-peak value dynamic tracking formula in step 2 is:

[0022] V pp (k)=max(y[kN:(k+1)N])-min(y[kN:(k+1)N])

[0023] Where N represents the number of sampling points per cycle, and k represents the cycle index;

[0024] The decay rate formula is:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, t i represents the time series, V pp Represents the peak-to-peak sequence of the acquired signal;

[0027] The quantitative calculation formula for volatility is:

[0028]

[0029] Furthermore, step 3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0030] Step 31: Determine the peak-to-peak value of the signal using the primary criterion;

[0031] Step 32: Determine the signal's volatility and attenuation coefficient using the secondary criterion;

[0032] Step 33: Combine the primary criterion and the secondary criterion to output the final potential state.

[0033] Furthermore, step 31 is specifically as follows: if the peak-to-peak drop rate of three consecutive sampling periods is greater than 15%, it is marked as "suspected hanging". The primary judgment formula is:

[0034]

[0035] Among them, V pp Represents the peak-to-peak sequence of the acquired signal.

[0036] Furthermore, step 32 is specifically as follows: if in the "suspected floating" state, the fluctuation σ>50mV and the decay rate α>0.1 / s, it is determined to be a "floating state".

[0037] Furthermore, step 33 specifically includes: combining the primary criterion and the secondary criterion to output a state flag of "suspended state" or "non-suspended state".

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] This invention provides a rapid electrostatic potential detection device and method based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature judgment. By applying a reverse polarization voltage, the charge discharge process of the suspended conductor is accelerated. Compared to traditional solutions that passively rely on natural charge dissipation, this solution uses active electric field intervention to improve response speed while maintaining both interference-free operation and system robustness under normal operating conditions. By extracting multiple waveform features through waveform feature analysis and a state determination algorithm, combined with a two-level judgment, the error rate of determining the platen's engagement and retraction status is significantly reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a fast electrostatic potential detection device based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criterion provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is the output waveform of the non-suspended state of the electrostatic potential rapid detection device based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic judgment provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is the output waveform of the suspended state of the electrostatic potential rapid detection device based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic judgment provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a method for rapid detection of electrostatic potential based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criteria provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of potential state judgment of a method for rapid detection of electrostatic potential based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criteria provided by another embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0047] 1. Copper foil electrode; 2. Shielding sheet; 3. Sensing electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments of the specification. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In the following description, reference is made to "some embodiments", which describes a subset of all possible embodiments, but it should be understood that "some embodiments" can be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments, and can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0049] In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features well known in the art are not described to avoid confusion with the present invention.

[0050] It should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in different forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments proposed herein. On the contrary, providing these embodiments will make the disclosure thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. And the purpose of the terms used herein is only to describe specific embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention. When used herein, the singular forms "one", "an" and "said / the" are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates another way. It should also be understood that the terms "comprising" and / or "comprising" when used in this specification determine the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, parts and / or groups. When used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of the relevant listed items.

[0051] It should also be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0052] In order to fully understand the present invention, a detailed structure will be provided in the following description to illustrate the technical solution proposed by the present invention. Optional embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. However, in addition to these detailed descriptions, the present invention may also have other implementations.

[0053] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 An embodiment of the present invention provides an electrostatic potential rapid detection device based on active charge dissipation and waveform feature judgment, including a sensor housing and a detection module. A wire groove is provided in the sensor housing, and the detection module is arranged below the wire groove in the sensor housing. The detection module includes a copper foil electrode 1, a shielding plate 2, a sensing electrode 3 and a signal processing circuit. The copper foil electrode 1 is arranged below the wire groove, and the sensing electrode 3 is arranged below the copper foil electrode 1. The shielding plate 2 is arranged between the copper foil electrode 1 and the sensing electrode 3 and is rotated by a motor. The sensing electrode 3 is electrically connected to the signal processing circuit. The copper foil electrode 1 is supplied with the reverse voltage of the conductor to be detected.

[0054] The shielding sheet 2 is grounded.

[0055] The copper foil electrode 1 is arranged in a non-contact manner with the conductive wire.

[0056] Exemplarily, the conductor to be tested is placed in a wire trough for potential detection; the inside of the shell is sprayed with conductive paint and grounded, and its potential is 0V; the shielding plate 2 is made of metal and is driven by a motor to rotate, periodically shielding the sensing electrode 3; the sensing electrode 3 is periodically exposed to the electric field of the conductor due to the rotation of the shielding plate 2, and the amount of induced charge changes with the position of the shielding plate, thereby generating an alternating current. The signal processing circuit processes the current signal and infers the conductor potential.

[0057] The area of ​​copper foil electrode 1 is ≥10mm 2 , the surface is exposed to enhance electric field coupling; the copper foil electrode 1 is connected to the reverse voltage of the wire to be detected, which can apply an electric field with the opposite polarity to the floating potential, forming a potential gradient difference and driving the directional migration of charges, for example:

[0058] If the floating potential of the wire is V 悬浮 = -100V, apply V to the copper foil electrode 反 =100V, and the sensor housing is grounded, forming a three-layer potential gradient from copper foil electrode 1 (+100V) to wire (-100V) and housing (0V). This causes the virtual potential to be in a reverse electric field. Driven by the potential difference, the surface charge migrates to copper foil electrode 1 or the housing, significantly increasing the charge discharge rate. When the wire is suspended, a reverse electric field is formed between copper foil electrode 1 and the wire, and the electric field strength is:

[0059]

[0060] Among them, d eff Indicates the equivalent distance between the copper foil electrode 1 and the conductor.

[0061] The electric field forces the charge on the conductor to accelerate its migration through the air medium or the weak point of the insulation layer, and the charge dissipation time τ satisfies:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, V 阈值 Indicates the voltage threshold for determining floating.

[0064] Through reverse electric field intervention, the charge dissipation time is shortened to less than 1 second. When the pressure plate is put in, the conductor potential is directly maintained by the external power supply, and the reverse electric field only acts on the surface charge to avoid interfering with the real potential measurement. At the same time, the copper foil electrode 1 and the conductor adopt a non-contact design (spacing ≥ 2mm), combined with the isolation mechanism of the reverse voltage source and the sensor power supply, which effectively prevents potential jumps when the pressure plate is put in and out and ensures the stability of the polarization electric field. Compared with the traditional solution that passively relies on the natural dissipation of charge, this solution uses active electric field intervention to improve the response speed while taking into account the interference-free and system robustness under normal working conditions.

[0065] In the hard platen state detection, the output waveform of the electrostatic potential measurement sensor will show significant differences due to different platen states.

[0066] When the pressure plate is put into operation and the voltage exists on the conductor measured by the electrostatic potential measurement sensor, because the conductor potential is fixed, the electric field strength is constant, and the induced current changes periodically, the sensor output waveform is approximately a sine wave with a peak-to-peak value of V pp The fluctuation range is ≤±5%, the waveform fluctuates very little, and the standard deviation σ is <10mV. The sensor output waveform is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0067] When the pressure plate is withdrawn and the voltage on the wire measured by the electrostatic potential measurement sensor is removed, the wire gradually discharges due to the charge, and the potential shows dynamic attenuation. The sensor outputs a peak-to-peak waveform V pp It shows exponential decay characteristics. In the initial stage, V pp The waveform is relatively high and then gradually decreases to near 0. At this time, the waveform stability is poor, the peak-to-peak fluctuation amplitude is >20%, and the standard deviation σ is >50mV. The sensor output waveform is as follows Figure 3 shown.

[0068] Based on this, refer to Figure 4 、 Figure 5 Another embodiment of the present application provides a method for rapid detection of electrostatic potential based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criteria. The method is executed in a rapid detection device for electrostatic potential based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criteria. By analyzing the peak-to-peak attenuation characteristics and volatility of the waveform, rapid detection and judgment of the floating potential is achieved, and the method includes the following steps:

[0069] Step 1: Collect the wire voltage signal and use a digital low-pass filter to suppress the high-frequency noise of the signal;

[0070] For example,

[0071] The digital low-pass filter suppresses the high-frequency noise of the signal as follows:

[0072] The signal is processed using the transfer function of a second-order Butterworth filter, and then the signal is discretized to obtain a difference equation, which is used to output the processed signal.

[0073] The transfer function of the second-order Butterworth filter is:

[0074]

[0075] Among them, ω c represents the angular frequency form of the cutoff frequency and ω c =2πf c , f c represents the cutoff frequency and f c =500Hzf, s is the frequency response of the filter;

[0076] The difference equation is:

[0077] y[n]=0.0201x[n]+0.0402x[n-1]+0.0201x[n-2]+1.561y[n-1]-0.6414y[n-2]

[0078] Where x[n] represents the input signal and y[n] represents the output signal.

[0079] Step 2: Extract signal features, specifically including: dynamically tracking the peak-to-peak value of the signal to obtain the peak-to-peak sequence of the signal; performing exponential fitting on the peak-to-peak sequence to calculate the signal decay rate; and using a sliding window to calculate the waveform standard deviation to quantify the signal's volatility.

[0080] Peak-to-peak dynamic tracking is used to calculate the peak-to-peak value of the waveform in each cycle in real time and record its change curve over time. The formula is:

[0081] V pp (k)=max(y[kN:(k+1)N])-min(y[kN:(k+1)N])

[0082] Wherein, N represents the number of sampling points per cycle, which is 100 here, and k represents the cycle index, and k = 0, 1, ..., 100.

[0083] The decay rate is calculated by performing an exponential fit on the peak-to-peak sequence and extracting the decay coefficient α. The formula is:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, t i represents the time series, V pp Represents the peak-to-peak sequence of the acquired signal;

[0086] The volatility quantification uses a sliding window (window length is 100ms) to calculate the waveform standard deviation to characterize the volatility intensity. The calculation formula is:

[0087]

[0088] Step 3: Determine the potential state based on the characteristics of the signal extraction location, specifically including the following steps:

[0089] Step 31: Determine the peak-to-peak value of the signal using the primary criterion, specifically:

[0090] If the peak-to-peak drop rate of three consecutive sampling cycles is greater than 15%, it is marked as "suspected floating". The primary judgment formula is:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, V pp Represents the peak-to-peak sequence of the acquired signal.

[0093] Step 32: Determine the signal's volatility and attenuation coefficient using the secondary criteria, specifically:

[0094] If the fluctuation σ is greater than 50mV and the decay rate α is greater than 0.1 / s in the "suspected floating" state, it is determined to be a "floating state".

[0095] Step 33: Combine the primary criterion and the secondary criterion to output the final potential state, specifically:

[0096] Combined with the primary and secondary criteria, a status flag of "suspended state" or "non-suspended state" is output. It should be noted that the copper foil electrodes, shielding sheets, motors, induction electrodes, signal processing circuits and other components used in this application are all existing electronic components in this field. Those skilled in the art can understand the circuit structure of electronic components such as copper foil electrodes, shielding sheets, motors, induction electrodes and signal processing circuits and the circuit connection structure between them based on existing public technical knowledge and technical information. This embodiment of the application will not be further elaborated on this, and those skilled in the art can freely choose the corresponding model according to their needs. This embodiment does not impose any specific restrictions here.

[0097] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fast detection device for electrostatic potential based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic judgment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sensor housing and a detection module. A wire trough is provided in the sensor housing. The detection module is arranged below the wire trough in the sensor housing. The detection module comprises a copper foil electrode, a shielding sheet, a sensing electrode and a signal processing circuit. The copper foil electrode is arranged below the wire trough. The sensing electrode is arranged below the copper foil electrode. The shielding sheet is arranged between the copper foil electrode and the sensing electrode and is rotated by a motor. The sensing electrode is electrically connected to the signal processing circuit. The copper foil electrode is supplied with the reverse voltage of the wire to be detected.

2. The electrostatic potential rapid detection device based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic judgment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shielding sheet is grounded.

3. The electrostatic potential rapid detection device based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criterion according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The copper foil electrode is arranged in a non-contact manner with the conducting wire.

4. A rapid detection method for electrostatic potential based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criteria, characterized in that: The method is implemented in an electrostatic potential rapid detection device based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criteria, and includes the following steps: Step 1: Collect the wire voltage signal and use a digital low-pass filter to suppress the high-frequency noise of the signal; Step 2: Extract signal features, specifically including: dynamically tracking the peak-to-peak value of the signal to obtain the peak-to-peak sequence of the signal; performing exponential fitting on the peak-to-peak sequence to calculate the signal decay rate; and using a sliding window to calculate the waveform standard deviation to quantify the signal's volatility. Step 3: Determine the potential state based on the characteristics of the signal extraction point.

5. The electrostatic potential rapid detection method based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criterion according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step 1, the digital low-pass filter is used to suppress the high-frequency noise of the signal: The signal is processed using the transfer function of a second-order Butterworth filter, and then the signal is discretized to obtain a difference equation, which is used to output the processed signal. The transfer function of the second-order Butterworth filter is: Among them, ω c represents the angular frequency form of the cutoff frequency and ω c =2πf c , f c represents the cutoff frequency, s is the frequency response of the filter; The difference equation is: y[n]=0.0201x[n]+0.0402x[n-1]+0.0201x[n-2]+1.561y[n-1]-0.6414y[n-2] Where x[n] represents the input signal and y[n] represents the output signal.

6. The electrostatic potential rapid detection method based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criterion according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The peak-to-peak dynamic tracking formula in step 2 is: V pp (k)=max(y[kN:(k+1)N])-min(y[kN:(k+1)N]) Where N represents the number of sampling points per cycle, and k represents the cycle index; The decay rate formula is: Among them, t i represents the time series, V pp Represents the peak-to-peak sequence of the acquired signal; The quantitative calculation formula for volatility is:

7. The method for rapid detection of electrostatic potential based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criteria according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step 3 specifically includes the following steps: Step 31: Determine the peak-to-peak value of the signal using the primary criterion; Step 32: Determine the signal's volatility and attenuation coefficient using the secondary criterion; Step 33: Combine the primary criterion and the secondary criterion to output the final potential state.

8. The electrostatic potential rapid detection method based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criterion according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Step 31 is specifically as follows: if the peak-to-peak drop rate of three consecutive sampling periods is greater than 15%, it is marked as "suspected floating". The primary judgment formula is: Among them, V pp Represents the peak-to-peak sequence of the acquired signal.

9. The electrostatic potential rapid detection method based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criterion according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step 32 is specifically as follows: if in the "suspected floating" state, the fluctuation σ>50mV and the decay rate α>0.1 / s, it is determined to be a "floating state".

10. The electrostatic potential rapid detection method based on active charge dissipation and waveform characteristic criterion according to claim 9, characterized in that: Step 33 specifically includes: combining the primary criterion and the secondary criterion to output a state flag of "suspended state" or "non-suspended state".

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