Intelligent power grid equipment upgrading system and method based on remote pushing

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of remote pushing, in particular to an intelligent power grid equipment upgrading system and method based on remote pushing, and the system comprises a remote pushing module, a file testing module, a process management module, a strategy compatibility module and a task distribution module, the file test module is used for determining reliability of an installation package source and marking the installation package source as an executable application; the process management module is used for performing test issuing; the strategy compatibility module is used for testing an influence coefficient and setting an upgrading strategy; the task allocation module is used for determining allocation of server resources; the equipment upgrading operation and maintenance efficiency and the reliability of the upgrading process can be improved, the centralization level of management is improved, the reliability and controllability of the OTA installation process are improved, the equipment upgrading experience is optimized, the full-life-cycle management of remote pushing is achieved, and the working efficiency of equipment updating is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of remote push, and in particular to a smart grid equipment upgrade system and method based on remote push. Background Art

[0002] OTA (over-the-air) update technology remotely uploads file changes from a local server to a device. This remote push update helps promptly patch security vulnerabilities and ensure stable application operation. Because smart grid devices require high-intensity real-time computing, such as optimizing power dispatch and load forecasting, remote push technology enables the deployment of more efficient models, saving both manpower and time associated with energy management.

[0003] As a large number of low-voltage lines, smart devices, and information collection terminals are connected to the IoT platform, device access and management rely heavily on manual operations, facing issues such as heavy workload, low standardization, and high maintenance difficulty. The lack of unified management standards, fragmented device version upgrades, and insufficient tools increase O&M complexity and reduce overall management efficiency. The application's automated version update technology lacks a centralized, standardized management platform, impacting the consistency of the device access and upgrade process. However, conventional OTA technology still has problems such as insufficient compatibility, easy crashes during the update process, and delayed push strategies, which cause the server to generate non-compliant update files and slow data transmission during the push process. When power grid equipment receives pushes, production control is affected due to application problems, thereby disrupting the normal operation ecology of the power grid. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a smart grid equipment upgrade system and method based on remote push to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a smart grid equipment upgrade system based on remote push, comprising: a remote push module, a file testing module, a process management module, a policy compatibility module and a task allocation module; The remote push module consists of a cloud management layer, a gateway layer, and a terminal device layer. The cloud management layer is used to build a push file management center through the OTA server, receive installation package files uploaded by users, and transmit new application versions and configuration files to terminal devices through the network. The gateway layer is used to manage communication nodes, intelligently distribute scheduling data, and monitor remote communication status. The terminal device layer is used to execute push files, monitor device operating status, and perform adaptive transmission control. The file testing module is used to verify the files uploaded by users using a three-level verification system. After parsing the uploaded content, it generates a parsing result page, matches the parsing result with the application information in the existing application market, determines the reliability of the installation package source, and generates an identification code for the installation package after resource verification. The identification code contains gateway node information. At the same time, it scans smart grid devices and scans background applications that currently have no execution threads and marks them as executable applications. The process management module is used to test and issue executable applications, establish a sandbox test environment and an automated compatibility test suite, read CPU, memory, and IO usage, and verify the running status of the installation package in a real environment. After the test passes, the gateway interface automatically updates the application and updates the installation progress in real time in the device-side visual panel; The policy compatibility module is used to parse the installation package and identification code, test the influence coefficient of power grid equipment delay, jitter and loss rate on the update content, calculate the queue adaptive length according to the channel rate, server hardware performance, protocol stack processing performance and gateway delay, set the upgrade policy in the device simulator, and the upgrade policy includes queue length, gateway link and transmission window, so that the transmission process of each update queue meets the influence coefficient requirements. During the update process, heartbeat packets are sent to the server according to the update progress. When the heartbeat packet stops, the file is pushed again starting with the stop segment file; The task allocation module is used to determine the allocation of server resources through a dynamic cache scheduling algorithm based on the device's work schedule, application usage, and the impact coefficient of the update process on the device. It updates the task progress in real time during the update process and provides feedback on the upgrade status and log details of each device.

[0006] Furthermore, the remote push module includes: an OTA server unit, a content compilation unit and a resource verification unit; The OTA server unit is used to store and publish remote push files and provide user authority control and upload audit functions; The content compilation unit is used to compile the content uploaded by the user according to its version number, applicable device type and file format to generate a remote patch; The resource verification unit is used to verify the file integrity, digital certificate and hash value, and configure the verified resources to the terminal device.

[0007] Furthermore, the file testing module includes: a device scanning unit and a gateway link unit; The device scanning unit is used to scan the running threads of the power grid equipment, determine the working status of each application, and mark the executable applications; The gateway link unit is used to review the installation package to determine whether the source of the installation package is credible, and to compare the application version information to ensure that the uploaded installation package version is consistent.

[0008] Furthermore, the process management module includes: a task configuration unit and an update display unit; The task configuration unit is used to test the running status of the installation package and generate an installation task after the test passes; The update display unit is used to construct a visual interface to feedback the progress of the remote installation of the application.

[0009] Furthermore, the policy compatibility module includes: an operation-sensitive unit, a queue adaptation unit, and a breakpoint-resume unit; The operation sensitive unit is used to test the impact of the remote update process on the power grid equipment and output the impact coefficient; The queue adaptation unit is used to perform adaptive queue length calculation based on network conditions to reduce the delay of the data queue; The breakpoint resuming unit is used to monitor the heartbeat packets sent by the device to the server and resume transmission from the point where the heartbeat packets stop.

[0010] Furthermore, the task allocation module includes: an impact mitigation unit and a dynamic scheduling unit; The impact mitigation unit is used to calculate the data requirements of the remote application update process according to the expected update duration and the impact coefficient; The dynamic scheduling unit is used to determine the allocation of server resources when there are multiple update tasks in the device, so as to minimize the impact of the update process on the device.

[0011] A method for upgrading smart grid equipment based on remote push includes the following steps: Step S1. Build a push file management platform through the OTA server, receive the installation package file uploaded by the user and compile it, determine the version number, format and push address of the uploaded content, and generate a remote patch file; Step S2. Parse the remote patch file, match the parsing results with the application information in the application market, generate an installation package and an identification code after resource verification, and transmit the installation package file to the terminal device according to the gateway link marked with the identification code; Step S3. Scan the running threads of the power grid equipment, determine the working status of each application, mark the executable application, test and issue the executable application, test the running status of the installation package, and automatically update the application through the OTA gateway link after the test passes; Step S4. Test the impact coefficient of the remote update process on the delay, jitter, and loss rate of power grid equipment. Calculate the queue adaptive length based on the channel rate, server hardware performance, protocol stack processing performance, and gateway latency. Set the upgrade strategy in the device simulator so that the transmission process of each update queue meets the impact coefficient requirements. Step S5. When there are multiple update tasks in the device, the allocation of server task resources is determined according to the data volume of the installation package file, the work arrangement of the device, and the impact coefficient of the task on the device work, so as to minimize the impact of the update process on the device.

[0012] Furthermore, step S1 includes: Step S11. A three-layer architecture consisting of a cloud management layer, a gateway layer, and a terminal device layer is established within the OTA server to form a file management platform. The cloud management layer is used to receive installation package files uploaded by users and transmit new application versions and configuration files to terminal devices via the network. The gateway layer is used to manage communication nodes, intelligently distribute and schedule data, and monitor remote communication status. The terminal device layer is used to push files and perform adaptive transmission control. Step S12. After receiving the file uploaded by the user, the file management platform determines the version number and obtains the applicable device type and file format of the file from the version number. The file formats include: bin format, hex format, zip format and exe format. The file is decoded and compiled according to the file format, and after adding the push address, a remote patch file is generated.

[0013] Furthermore, step S2 includes: Step S21. The OTA server connects to the cloud application market, searches for applications using the version number of the remote patch file, matches the application information in the existing application market, verifies the file integrity, digital certificate, and hash value to determine the source of the installation package, and passes the resource verification if the source is trustworthy. Step S22. After the resource verification is passed, the remote patch file is compiled into an installation package according to the software format of the device corresponding to the push address, and an identification code is set in the installation package. The identification code contains gateway node information, and the installation package file is transmitted to the terminal device according to the gateway link marked with the identification code. Every time the installation package passes through a gateway node, the identification code is verified once and the next-hop forwarding address is obtained to prevent tampering of the installation package information.

[0014] Furthermore, step S3 includes: Step S31. Scan the running threads of the power grid equipment to determine the working status of each application. Mark applications without running threads as executable applications, test and issue the executable applications, establish a sandbox test environment and an automated compatibility test suite on the device side, read the CPU, memory and IO utilization, record the power grid load conditions of the previous cycle, and verify the running status of the installation package in the real environment; Step S32. If the installation package does not experience application crashes or installation failures during the test, and the output fluctuations of the power grid equipment are within the preset range, the test is determined to have passed. The OTA server generates an installation task and automatically updates the application through the gateway interface.

[0015] Furthermore, step S4 includes: Step S41: Test the influence coefficient of the remote update process on the delay, jitter and loss rate of the power grid equipment: Inject a 50-100ms controllable delay into the update file, record the timeout rate during the current application task update process, and calculate the impact coefficient p1 of the update process on the power grid device delay, satisfying p1=t0·v / (1+v), where t0 is the controllable delay time and v is the timeout rate. A random time offset of 100-300ms is applied to the update file to determine the data integrity of the application file, and the data loss ratio is used as the impact coefficient of the grid equipment jitter; During the file update process, the loss rate of the device execution thread is detected to obtain the influence coefficient of the update process on the loss rate; Step S42: Calculate the queue length adaptively based on the channel rate, server hardware performance, protocol stack processing performance, and gateway latency, so that the queue length Q satisfies Q = a (vr / v0) + b (1 / tr) + c 1 / te, where a, b, and c are weight coefficients such that a + b + c = 1, vr and v0 are the channel rate and server transmission rate, respectively, and tr and te are the protocol stack latency and gateway latency, respectively. Step S43. Set the upgrade strategy in the device simulator and select the update period so that the impact of the application on the device operation during the update period is within the preset range, and send heartbeat packets to the server according to the update progress during the update process. When the heartbeat packet stops, re-push the file starting from the stop segment file.

[0016] Furthermore, step S5 includes: Step S51. When multiple update tasks exist in a device, determine the data volume for each update task, predict the update time based on the data volume, input the update time, latency, jitter, loss rate impact coefficient, and expected power generation load into the power grid simulation model, determine the impact of each task on the power grid equipment, and schedule the tasks based on the principle of minimizing the overall impact. Step S52: During the remote installation process, a visual interface is constructed to update the task progress in real time and provide feedback on the upgrade status, log details, and task allocation of each device.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention establishes an OTA system for power grid equipment, which transmits new application versions and configuration files to terminal devices through the network. The OTA system scans background applications without executable threads for testing and distribution. After the test passes, the gateway interface automatically updates the application, thereby improving the equipment upgrade and operation efficiency and the reliability of the upgrade process, improving the level of centralized management, and ensuring that the installation process is transparent and traceable.

[0018] The present invention parses the automatic update content on the device side, tests the impact coefficient of the update content on delay, jitter and loss rate, calculates the queue adaptive length according to the channel rate, server hardware performance, protocol stack processing performance and gateway delay, sets the application upgrade strategy, improves the reliability and controllability of the OTA installation process, reduces the risk of installation failure, optimizes the device upgrade experience, and makes the device upgrade process more automated.

[0019] The present invention sends heartbeat packets to the server according to the update progress. The allocation of server resources is determined by the device's working time, the application's usage scenario, and the impact of the update process on the device through a dynamic cache scheduling algorithm. The task progress is updated in real time during the update process, and the upgrade status and log details of each device are fed back. This realizes the full life cycle management of remote uploading, parsing, reviewing, testing and archiving, thereby improving the work efficiency of device updates. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a smart grid equipment upgrade system based on remote push according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of a smart grid equipment upgrade method based on remote push of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] See also Figure 1 ,The present invention provides a technical solution: a smart grid equipment upgrade system based on remote push, comprising: a remote push module, a file testing module, a process management module, a policy compatibility module and a task allocation module; The remote push module consists of a cloud management layer, a gateway layer, and a terminal device layer. The cloud management layer is used to build a push file management center through the OTA server, receive installation package files uploaded by users, and transmit new application versions and configuration files to terminal devices through the network. The gateway layer is used to manage communication nodes, intelligently distribute scheduling data, and monitor remote communication status. The terminal device layer is used to execute push files, monitor device operating status, and perform adaptive transmission control. The remote push module includes: an OTA server unit, a content compilation unit and a resource verification unit; The OTA server unit is used to store and publish remote push files and provide user authority control and upload audit functions; The content compilation unit is used to compile the content uploaded by the user according to its version number, applicable device type and file format to generate a remote patch; The resource verification unit is used to verify the file integrity, digital certificate and hash value, and configure the verified resources to the terminal device.

[0023] The file testing module is used to verify the files uploaded by users using a three-level verification system. After parsing the uploaded content, it generates a parsing result page, matches the parsing result with the application information in the existing application market, determines the reliability of the installation package source, and generates an identification code for the installation package after resource verification. The identification code contains gateway node information. At the same time, it scans smart grid devices and scans background applications that currently have no execution threads and marks them as executable applications. The file testing module includes: a device scanning unit and a gateway link unit; The device scanning unit is used to scan the running threads of the power grid equipment, determine the working status of each application, and mark the executable applications; The gateway link unit is used to review the installation package to determine whether the source of the installation package is credible, and to compare the application version information to ensure that the uploaded installation package version is consistent.

[0024] The process management module is used to test and issue executable applications, establish a sandbox test environment and an automated compatibility test suite, read CPU, memory, and IO usage, and verify the running status of the installation package in a real environment. After the test passes, the gateway interface automatically updates the application and updates the installation progress in real time in the device-side visual panel; The process management module includes: a task configuration unit and an update display unit; The task configuration unit is used to test the running status of the installation package and generate an installation task after the test passes; The update display unit is used to construct a visual interface to feedback the progress of the remote installation of the application.

[0025] The policy compatibility module is used to parse the installation package and identification code, test the influence coefficient of power grid equipment delay, jitter and loss rate on the update content, calculate the queue adaptive length according to the channel rate, server hardware performance, protocol stack processing performance and gateway delay, set the upgrade policy in the device simulator, and the upgrade policy includes queue length, gateway link and transmission window, so that the transmission process of each update queue meets the influence coefficient requirements. During the update process, heartbeat packets are sent to the server according to the update progress. When the heartbeat packet stops, the file is pushed again starting with the stop segment file; The policy compatibility module includes: an operation sensitive unit, a queue adaptation unit and a breakpoint resume unit; The operation sensitive unit is used to test the impact of the remote update process on the power grid equipment and output the impact coefficient; The queue adaptation unit is used to perform adaptive queue length calculation based on network conditions to reduce the delay of the data queue; The breakpoint resuming unit is used to monitor the heartbeat packets sent by the device to the server and resume transmission from the point where the heartbeat packets stop.

[0026] The task allocation module is used to determine the allocation of server resources through a dynamic cache scheduling algorithm based on the device's work schedule, application usage, and the impact coefficient of the update process on the device. It updates the task progress in real time during the update process and provides feedback on the upgrade status and log details of each device.

[0027] The task allocation module includes: an impact stabilization unit and a dynamic scheduling unit; The impact mitigation unit is used to calculate the data requirements of the remote application update process according to the expected update duration and the impact coefficient; The dynamic scheduling unit is used to determine the allocation of server resources when there are multiple update tasks in the device, so as to minimize the impact of the update process on the device.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, a smart grid device upgrade method based on remote push includes the following steps: Step S1. Build a push file management platform through the OTA server, receive the installation package file uploaded by the user and compile it, determine the version number, format and push address of the uploaded content, and generate a remote patch file; Step S1 includes: Step S11. A three-layer architecture consisting of a cloud management layer, a gateway layer, and a terminal device layer is established within the OTA server to form a file management platform. The cloud management layer is used to receive installation package files uploaded by users and transmit new application versions and configuration files to terminal devices via the network. The gateway layer is used to manage communication nodes, intelligently distribute and schedule data, and monitor remote communication status. The terminal device layer is used to push files and perform adaptive transmission control. Step S12. After receiving the file uploaded by the user, the file management platform determines the version number and obtains the applicable device type and file format of the file from the version number. The file formats include: bin format, hex format, zip format and exe format. The file is decoded and compiled according to the file format, and after adding the push address, a remote patch file is generated.

[0029] Step S2. Parse the remote patch file, match the parsing results with the application information in the application market, generate an installation package and an identification code after resource verification, and transmit the installation package file to the terminal device according to the gateway link marked with the identification code; Step S2 includes: Step S21. The OTA server connects to the cloud application market, searches for applications using the version number of the remote patch file, matches the application information in the existing application market, verifies the file integrity, digital certificate, and hash value to determine the source of the installation package, and passes the resource verification if the source is trustworthy. Step S22. After the resource verification is passed, the remote patch file is compiled into an installation package according to the software format of the device corresponding to the push address, and an identification code is set in the installation package. The identification code contains gateway node information, and the installation package file is transmitted to the terminal device according to the gateway link marked with the identification code. Every time the installation package passes through a gateway node, the identification code is verified once and the next-hop forwarding address is obtained to prevent tampering of the installation package information.

[0030] Step S3. Scan the running threads of the power grid equipment, determine the working status of each application, mark the executable application, test and issue the executable application, test the running status of the installation package, and automatically update the application through the OTA gateway link after the test passes; Step S3 includes: Step S31. Scan the running threads of the power grid equipment to determine the working status of each application. Mark applications without running threads as executable applications, test and issue the executable applications, establish a sandbox test environment and an automated compatibility test suite on the device side, read the CPU, memory and IO utilization, record the power grid load conditions of the previous cycle, and verify the running status of the installation package in the real environment; Step S32. If the installation package does not experience application crashes or installation failures during the test, and the output fluctuations of the power grid equipment are within the preset range, the test is determined to have passed. The OTA server generates an installation task and automatically updates the application through the gateway interface.

[0031] Step S4. Test the impact coefficient of the remote update process on the delay, jitter, and loss rate of power grid equipment. Calculate the queue adaptive length based on the channel rate, server hardware performance, protocol stack processing performance, and gateway latency. Set the upgrade strategy in the device simulator so that the transmission process of each update queue meets the impact coefficient requirements. Step S4 includes: Step S41: Test the influence coefficient of the remote update process on the delay, jitter and loss rate of the power grid equipment: Inject a 50-100ms controllable delay into the update file, record the timeout rate during the current application task update process, and calculate the impact coefficient p1 of the update process on the power grid device delay, satisfying p1=t0·v / (1+v), where t0 is the controllable delay time and v is the timeout rate. A random time offset of 100-300ms is applied to the update file to determine the data integrity of the application file, and the data loss ratio is used as the impact coefficient of the grid equipment jitter; During the file update process, the loss rate of the device execution thread is detected to obtain the influence coefficient of the update process on the loss rate; Step S42: Calculate the queue length adaptively based on the channel rate, server hardware performance, protocol stack processing performance, and gateway latency, so that the queue length Q satisfies Q = a (vr / v0) + b (1 / tr) + c 1 / te, where a, b, and c are weight coefficients such that a + b + c = 1, vr and v0 are the channel rate and server transmission rate, respectively, and tr and te are the protocol stack latency and gateway latency, respectively. Step S43. Set the upgrade strategy in the device simulator and select the update period so that the impact of the application on the device operation during the update period is within the preset range, and send heartbeat packets to the server according to the update progress during the update process. When the heartbeat packet stops, re-push the file starting from the stop segment file.

[0032] Step S5. When there are multiple update tasks in the device, the allocation of server task resources is determined according to the data volume of the installation package file, the work arrangement of the device, and the impact coefficient of the task on the device work, so as to minimize the impact of the update process on the device.

[0033] Step S5 includes: Step S51. When multiple update tasks exist in a device, determine the data volume for each update task, predict the update time based on the data volume, input the update time, latency, jitter, loss rate impact coefficient, and expected power generation load into the power grid simulation model, determine the impact of each task on the power grid equipment, and schedule the tasks based on the principle of minimizing the overall impact. Step S52: During the remote installation process, a visual interface is constructed to update the task progress in real time and provide feedback on the upgrade status, log details, and task allocation of each device.

[0034] Example: The user sends a task request to the OTA server through a microservice call and uploads the installation file. The server verifies the file certificate and creates an installation task if it passes. It also feeds the file version number back to the app market, matches it with the application information in the app market, and compares the application ID and version information to ensure file compatibility. The OTA server gateway node searches for the target device and sends a download instruction to the target device. The target device tests the application update file, obtains the impact coefficient of application installation on latency, jitter, and loss rate, and selects the installation time according to the device's workload. The task starts when the application is always idle during the installation time, and the data queue length is dynamically allocated until the application update is completed.

[0035] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for upgrading smart grid equipment based on remote push, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step S1. Build a push file management platform through the OTA server, receive the installation package file uploaded by the user and compile it, determine the version number, format and push address of the uploaded content, and generate a remote patch file; Step S2. Parse the remote patch file, match the parsing results with the application information in the application market, generate an installation package and an identification code after resource verification, and transmit the installation package file to the terminal device according to the gateway link marked with the identification code; Step S3. Scan the running threads of the power grid equipment, determine the working status of each application, mark the executable application, test and issue the executable application, test the running status of the installation package, and automatically update the application through the OTA gateway link after the test passes; Step S4. Test the impact coefficient of the remote update process on the delay, jitter, and loss rate of power grid equipment. Calculate the queue adaptive length based on the channel rate, server hardware performance, protocol stack processing performance, and gateway latency. Set the upgrade strategy in the device simulator so that the transmission process of each update queue meets the impact coefficient requirements. Step S5. When there are multiple update tasks in the device, the allocation of server task resources is determined according to the data volume of the installation package file, the work arrangement of the device, and the impact coefficient of the task on the device work, so as to minimize the impact of the update process on the device.

2. The method for upgrading smart grid equipment based on remote push according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 includes: Step S11. A three-layer architecture consisting of a cloud management layer, a gateway layer, and a terminal device layer is established within the OTA server to form a file management platform. The cloud management layer is used to receive installation package files uploaded by users and transmit new application versions and configuration files to terminal devices via the network. The gateway layer is used to manage communication nodes, intelligently distribute and schedule data, and monitor remote communication status. The terminal device layer is used to push files and perform adaptive transmission control. Step S12. After receiving the file uploaded by the user, the file management platform determines the version number and obtains the applicable device type and file format of the file from the version number. The file formats include bin, hex, zip, and exe. The platform decodes and compiles the file according to the file format, adds the push address, and generates a remote patch file. Step S2 includes: Step S21. The OTA server connects to the cloud application market, searches for applications using the version number of the remote patch file, matches the application information in the existing application market, verifies the file integrity, digital certificate, and hash value to determine the source of the installation package, and passes the resource verification if the source is trustworthy. Step S22. After the resource verification is passed, the remote patch file is compiled into an installation package according to the software format of the device corresponding to the push address, and an identification code is set in the installation package. The identification code contains gateway node information, and the installation package file is transmitted to the terminal device according to the gateway link marked with the identification code. Every time the installation package passes through a gateway node, the identification code is verified once and the next-hop forwarding address is obtained to prevent tampering of the installation package information.

3. The method for upgrading smart grid equipment based on remote push according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S3 includes: Step S31. Scan the running threads of the power grid equipment to determine the working status of each application. Mark applications without running threads as executable applications, test and issue the executable applications, establish a sandbox test environment and an automated compatibility test suite on the device side, read the CPU, memory and IO utilization, record the power grid load conditions of the previous cycle, and verify the running status of the installation package in the real environment; Step S32. If the installation package does not experience application crashes or installation failures during the test, and the output fluctuations of the power grid equipment are within the preset range, the test is determined to have passed. The OTA server generates an installation task and automatically updates the application through the gateway interface.

4. The method for upgrading smart grid equipment based on remote push according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step S4 includes: Step S41: Test the influence coefficient of the remote update process on the delay, jitter and loss rate of the power grid equipment: Inject a 50-100ms controllable delay into the update file, record the timeout rate during the current application task update process, and calculate the impact coefficient p1 of the update process on the power grid device delay, satisfying p1=t0·v / (1+v), where t0 is the controllable delay time and v is the timeout rate. A random time offset of 100-300ms is applied to the update file to determine the data integrity of the application file, and the data loss ratio is used as the impact coefficient of the grid equipment jitter; During the file update process, the loss rate of the device execution thread is detected to obtain the influence coefficient of the update process on the loss rate; Step S42: Calculate the queue length adaptively based on the channel rate, server hardware performance, protocol stack processing performance, and gateway latency, so that the queue length Q satisfies Q = a (vr / v0) + b (1 / tr) + c 1 / te, where a, b, and c are weight coefficients such that a + b + c = 1, vr and v0 are the channel rate and server transmission rate, respectively, and tr and te are the protocol stack latency and gateway latency, respectively. Step S43. Set the upgrade strategy in the device simulator and select the update period so that the impact of the application on the device operation during the update period is within the preset range, and send heartbeat packets to the server according to the update progress during the update process. When the heartbeat packet stops, re-push the file starting from the stop segment file.

5. The method for upgrading smart grid equipment based on remote push according to claim 4, characterized in that: Step S5 includes: Step S51. When multiple update tasks exist in a device, determine the data volume for each update task, predict the update time based on the data volume, input the update time, latency, jitter, loss rate impact coefficient, and expected power generation load into the power grid simulation model, determine the impact of each task on the power grid equipment, and schedule the tasks based on the principle of minimizing the overall impact. Step S52: During the remote installation process, a visual interface is constructed to update the task progress in real time and provide feedback on the upgrade status, log details, and task allocation of each device.

6. A smart grid equipment upgrade system based on remote push, characterized in that: The system includes the following modules: remote push module, file testing module, process management module, policy compatibility module and task allocation module; The remote push module consists of a cloud management layer, a gateway layer, and a terminal device layer. The cloud management layer is used to build a push file management center through the OTA server, receive installation package files uploaded by users, and transmit new application versions and configuration files to terminal devices through the network. The gateway layer is used to manage communication nodes, intelligently distribute scheduling data, and monitor remote communication status. The terminal device layer is used to execute push files, monitor device operating status, and perform adaptive transmission control. The file testing module is used to verify the files uploaded by users using a three-level verification system. After parsing the uploaded content, it generates a parsing result page, matches the parsing result with the application information in the existing application market, determines the reliability of the installation package source, and generates an identification code for the installation package after resource verification. The identification code contains gateway node information. At the same time, it scans smart grid devices and scans background applications that currently have no execution threads and marks them as executable applications. The process management module is used to test and issue executable applications, establish a sandbox test environment and an automated compatibility test suite, read CPU, memory, and IO usage, and verify the running status of the installation package in a real environment. After the test passes, the gateway interface automatically updates the application and updates the installation progress in real time in the device-side visual panel; The policy compatibility module is used to parse the installation package and identification code, test the influence coefficient of power grid equipment delay, jitter and loss rate on the update content, calculate the queue adaptive length according to the channel rate, server hardware performance, protocol stack processing performance and gateway delay, set the upgrade policy in the device simulator, and the upgrade policy includes queue length, gateway link and transmission window, so that the transmission process of each update queue meets the influence coefficient requirements. During the update process, heartbeat packets are sent to the server according to the update progress. When the heartbeat packet stops, the file is pushed again starting with the stop segment file; The task allocation module is used to determine the allocation of server resources through a dynamic cache scheduling algorithm based on the device's work schedule, application usage, and the impact coefficient of the update process on the device. It updates the task progress in real time during the update process and provides feedback on the upgrade status and log details of each device.

7. The remote push-based smart grid equipment upgrade system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The remote push module includes: an OTA server unit, a content compilation unit and a resource verification unit; The OTA server unit is used to store and publish remote push files and provide user authority control and upload audit functions; The content compilation unit is used to compile the content uploaded by the user according to its version number, applicable device type and file format to generate a remote patch; The resource verification unit is used to verify the file integrity, digital certificate and hash value, and configure the verified resources to the terminal device.

8. The remote push-based smart grid equipment upgrade system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The file testing module includes: a device scanning unit and a gateway link unit; The device scanning unit is used to scan the running threads of the power grid equipment, determine the working status of each application, and mark the executable applications; The gateway link unit is used to review the installation package to determine whether the source of the installation package is credible, and to compare the application version information to ensure that the uploaded installation package version is consistent; The process management module includes: a task configuration unit and an update display unit; The task configuration unit is used to test the running status of the installation package and generate an installation task after the test passes; The update display unit is used to construct a visual interface to feedback the progress of the remote installation of the application.

9. The remote push-based smart grid equipment upgrade system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The policy compatibility module includes: an operation sensitive unit, a queue adaptation unit and a breakpoint resume unit; The operation sensitive unit is used to test the impact of the remote update process on the power grid equipment and output the impact coefficient; The queue adaptation unit is used to perform adaptive queue length calculation based on network conditions to reduce the delay of the data queue; The breakpoint resuming unit is used to monitor the heartbeat packets sent by the device to the server and resume transmission from the point where the heartbeat packets stop.

10. The smart grid equipment upgrade system based on remote push according to claim 9, characterized in that: The task allocation module includes: an impact stabilization unit and a dynamic scheduling unit; The impact mitigation unit is used to calculate the data requirements of the remote application update process according to the expected update duration and the impact coefficient; The dynamic scheduling unit is used to determine the allocation of server resources when there are multiple update tasks in the device, so as to minimize the impact of the update process on the device.

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