Tunnel construction whole life cycle management method and system under BIM driving

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel construction whole life cycle management method and system under BIM driving, relates to the technical field of industrial data processing and analysis, and comprises the following steps: a BIM model covering the whole life cycle of a tunnel and a data mapping linkage relationship are established; monitoring data is collected and connected to the BIM model, a dynamic linkage evaluation is performed, and a construction state result is obtained; and a safety management mechanism is constructed according to the evaluation result and feedback is given to on-site guidance. The application solves the technical problem that the traditional industrial data processing mode cannot realize whole life cycle integration and cross-stage linkage of multi-source industrial data in the design, construction and operation and maintenance stages in the whole life cycle management of a tunnel, achieves whole life cycle integration and cross-stage linkage processing of industrial data in the design, construction and operation and maintenance stages of a tunnel, improves the comprehensiveness, collaboration and timeliness of industrial data processing, and accurately obtains a construction state to optimize on-site safety management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial data processing and analysis technology, and in particular to a method and system for the full life cycle management of tunnel construction driven by BIM. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel construction lifecycle management involves the processing of massive amounts of industrial data, and its accuracy is crucial for project safety, efficiency, and operation and maintenance. Currently, tunnel engineering design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases often employ independent management models, relying on manual recording and traditional monitoring equipment (such as single-point sensors) to acquire localized data, supplemented by simple data statistical tools for processing. These methods play a fundamental role in scenarios with simple procedures or stable environments, but they reveal significant limitations in the lifecycle management of complex tunnel projects.

[0003] Traditional models lack the ability to integrate multi-source industrial data throughout its entire lifecycle, including design parameters, construction processes, and operation and maintenance monitoring. Data at each stage is isolated and fragmented, making it impossible to establish cross-stage data mapping and logical linkage mechanisms. This results in industrial data processing remaining at the level of local analysis in a single stage, making it difficult to comprehensively assess the impact of data correlation throughout the entire process on the construction status. Safety risk warnings are delayed, and the needs of intelligent and precise management of tunnel engineering for in-depth processing and dynamic collaboration of industrial data cannot be met. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a BIM-driven method and system for full lifecycle management of tunnel construction, which addresses the technical problem that traditional industrial data processing methods cannot achieve full lifecycle integration and cross-stage linkage of multi-source industrial data in the design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases in the full lifecycle management of tunnel construction.

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides a BIM-driven method for full lifecycle management of tunnel construction. The method includes: establishing a BIM model covering the entire lifecycle of tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance, including data mapping and linkage relationships between each lifecycle stage; collecting monitoring data throughout the entire lifecycle, integrating the monitoring data into the BIM model according to lifecycle nodes to achieve dynamic linkage between the BIM model and on-site monitoring data, and conducting construction evaluation based on the data mapping and linkage relationships between each lifecycle stage to obtain construction status evaluation results; constructing a safety management mechanism based on the construction status evaluation results, and feeding it back to the on-site terminal for management guidance.

[0006] The second aspect of this application provides a BIM-driven tunnel construction lifecycle management system, the system comprising: a BIM model building module for establishing a BIM model covering the entire lifecycle of tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance, including data mapping and linkage relationships between each lifecycle; a construction evaluation execution module for collecting monitoring data throughout the entire lifecycle, integrating the monitoring data into the BIM model according to lifecycle nodes to achieve dynamic linkage between the BIM model and on-site monitoring data, and performing construction evaluation based on the data mapping and linkage relationships between each lifecycle to obtain construction status evaluation results; and a safety management mechanism building module for building a safety management mechanism based on the construction status evaluation results and feeding it back to the on-site terminal for management guidance.

[0007] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0008] This application establishes a BIM model covering the entire lifecycle of tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance. It collects monitoring data from each stage and integrates it into the model node by node, achieving dynamic linkage between the BIM model and on-site data. Construction evaluation is then conducted by combining the data mapping and linkage relationships across each lifecycle stage. By analyzing the component relationships at each stage, parameter mapping and logical linkage interfaces are established to achieve cross-stage data transfer and status feedback. Based on the evaluation results, a safety management mechanism is constructed and fed back to the on-site terminal. This solution solves the problems of data isolation and insufficient cross-stage collaboration in traditional management. It achieves seamless data integration, dynamic analysis, and precise control throughout the entire tunnel construction lifecycle, improving the comprehensiveness and management efficiency of construction safety evaluation. It achieves full lifecycle integration and cross-stage linkage processing of industrial data in tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance stages, enhancing the comprehensiveness, collaboration, and timeliness of industrial data processing, and accurately acquiring construction status to optimize on-site safety management. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the BIM-driven tunnel construction lifecycle management method provided in this application embodiment.

[0011] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the BIM-driven tunnel construction lifecycle management system provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0012] Figure labeling: BIM model construction module 1, construction evaluation execution module 2, safety management mechanism construction module 3. Detailed Implementation

[0013] This application provides a BIM-driven method and system for full lifecycle management of tunnel construction, which addresses the technical problem that traditional industrial data processing methods cannot achieve full lifecycle integration and cross-stage linkage of multi-source industrial data in the design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases in the full lifecycle management of tunnel construction.

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0015] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or server that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or modules not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0016] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, a BIM-driven method for full lifecycle management of tunnel construction includes:

[0017] Step A100: Establish a BIM model covering the entire lifecycle of tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance, including data mapping and linkage relationships between each lifecycle.

[0018] Specifically, establishing a BIM model covering the entire lifecycle of tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance includes: building a design phase model based on design information; dynamically integrating construction phase data features into the design model to form a construction phase model; connecting operation and maintenance phase monitoring and maintenance data into the construction phase model to update the component health status to form an operation and maintenance model; and establishing component parameter mapping relationships and logical linkage interfaces between the three types of models to achieve information transmission and status response feedback between different lifecycles. The specific steps are explained in detail in A110-A140.

[0019] Step A200: Collect monitoring data throughout the entire lifecycle, and integrate the monitoring data into the BIM model according to the lifecycle nodes to achieve dynamic linkage between the BIM model and the on-site monitoring data. Combine the data mapping and linkage relationship between each lifecycle to conduct construction evaluation and obtain the construction status evaluation result.

[0020] In this embodiment, the lifecycle nodes are different stages of the entire lifecycle of tunnel construction, namely the design, construction, and operation and maintenance stages. Each stage is a node, corresponding to different data access and processing.

[0021] Optionally, obtaining the construction status evaluation results includes inputting the collected real-time tunnel construction data into the BIM model to perform current stage status analysis based on the corresponding life cycle stage to obtain the current results, and transmitting data of each stage according to the component mapping relationship through the logical linkage interface, and performing status analysis of each stage according to the logical linkage rules to obtain the results of other stages. The specific steps are explained in detail in A210-A220.

[0022] Step A300: Construct a safety management mechanism based on the construction status evaluation results and provide feedback to the on-site terminal for management guidance.

[0023] In one embodiment of this application, firstly, after the BIM model completes the construction status evaluation and generates a report containing the location of abnormal components, deviation types, and risk levels, the system automatically parses the key information in the report, such as identifying problems like insufficient strength of a section of lining concrete or substandard anchoring force of a certain anchor bolt. Next, based on a preset safety management rule base (such as construction specifications and emergency plans), corresponding management instructions are automatically generated for different types of construction deviations or quality risks. For example, if the evaluation result shows that the concrete pouring temperature exceeds the standard, the system triggers an instruction to suspend pouring and adjust temperature control measures; if insufficient anchor bolt bearing capacity is found, an operation plan for re-installing anchor bolts and re-testing is generated.

[0024] Then, through a logical linkage interface, management instructions are converted into a format recognizable by on-site terminals (such as construction workers' mobile terminals or on-site control systems), such as SMS messages, APP notifications, or automated control signals. These instructions are then located to specific construction sites based on the unique component identification code, ensuring accurate transmission of instructions to the responsible area. Upon receiving the instructions, the on-site terminal immediately executes the corresponding operations, such as adjusting concrete mixing parameters or installing additional anchor bolts, and feeds the processing results back to the BIM model in real time through the terminal.

[0025] Meanwhile, the safety management mechanism must also have dynamic adjustment capabilities. When the on-site execution differs from the expected results (e.g., the test still fails to meet standards after additional anchor bolts are installed), the BIM model, combined with new monitoring data, re-evaluates the status and generates iteratively optimized management instructions until the problem is completely resolved. Furthermore, the system automatically records the execution process and results of all management instructions, forming a safety management log to provide experience references and accountability for subsequent construction.

[0026] The above steps solve the problems of delayed problem response and ambiguous instruction transmission in traditional construction management, and achieve the effect of driving the safety management mechanism to be real-time and precise through the construction status evaluation results, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of tunnel construction safety control.

[0027] Furthermore, step A100 in the method provided in this application embodiment includes:

[0028] A110: Establish a tunnel design BIM model for the design phase based on tunnel design information.

[0029] A120: Analyze the data characteristics, construction structure status, and process logic information during the construction phase, and dynamically integrate them into the tunnel design BIM model to form a dynamically updated construction phase BIM model.

[0030] A130: Based on the structural health monitoring data and maintenance operation data of the operation and maintenance phase, the BIM model of the construction phase is connected, and the health status of each component in the model is updated based on the monitoring results to form an operation and maintenance BIM model.

[0031] A140: Establish a mapping relationship and logical linkage interface for component parameters among the tunnel design BIM model, construction phase BIM model, and operation and maintenance BIM model to realize data transfer and status response feedback of information from different life cycles, and construct the full life cycle BIM model.

[0032] Specifically, to establish a BIM model for the design phase based on the tunnel design information, it is necessary to extract the geometric information and material properties of the components and assign unique codes. The model is then constructed in three-dimensional space according to the structural connection relationship and design parameters in the design drawings. The specific steps are explained in detail in A111-A112.

[0033] Analyze the actual construction process and resource allocation data during the construction phase, and integrate them into the design BIM model according to the correspondence between component construction and design. Use unique codes to realize the linkage of component information and form a dynamically updated construction phase model. The specific steps are explained in detail in A121.

[0034] Based on the reserved operation and maintenance information in the design phase, establish a mapping relationship between monitoring data and component attributes. Access operation and maintenance monitoring and maintenance data according to the unique component code and spatial location, update the component status attributes, and form an operation and maintenance BIM model. The specific steps are explained in detail in A131-A132.

[0035] The process involves analyzing the relationships between components at each stage, establishing a cross-stage model component parameter mapping relationship based on a unique code, and establishing a logical linkage interface containing data interfaces and linkage rules based on the mapping relationship. This enables cross-model data synchronization feedback when component status changes, thereby constructing a full lifecycle BIM model. Specific steps are detailed in A141-A143.

[0036] Furthermore, step A110 in the method provided in this application embodiment includes:

[0037] A111: Based on the tunnel design information, extract the geometric information, material properties, geological parameters, construction process nodes, and operation and maintenance reserved information of the tunnel structural components, and assign a unique code identifier to each component.

[0038] A112: Based on the structural connection relationships between tunnel structural components in the tunnel design drawings and combined with the design parameters of the tunnel structural components, construct the tunnel design BIM model in three-dimensional space.

[0039] In this embodiment of the application, the operation and maintenance reserved information is the embedded data in the tunnel design information used to support the operation and maintenance phase management, including the setting location of structural health monitoring points, interface parameters required for maintenance operations, etc.

[0040] Optionally, firstly, multi-dimensional basic data is extracted from tunnel design information (obtained by those skilled in the art based on relevant data from the tunnel design stage), including geometric information of tunnel structural components (such as cross-sectional dimensions and spatial positioning), material properties (such as concrete strength grade and steel yield strength), geological parameters (such as surrounding rock grade and groundwater distribution), construction process nodes (such as excavation methods and support sequence), and operation and maintenance reserved information (such as pre-embedded locations of monitoring points and maintenance access interfaces). At the same time, a unique code identifier is assigned to each component as a data tag that runs through the entire life cycle.

[0041] After the above data extraction is completed, a three-dimensional tunnel design BIM model needs to be constructed based on the structural connection relationships between components specified in the tunnel design drawings (e.g., the anchoring method of the lining and anchor bolts, the sequence of segment splicing, etc.) and the extracted design parameters (e.g., the load magnitude borne by the components, the allowable deformation limit, etc.). The specific process is as follows:

[0042] First, parametric modeling technology is used to transform the geometric figures in the two-dimensional design drawings into three dimensions, giving the tunnel structural components precise spatial coordinates, dimensions, and other geometric attributes, such as determining the thickness and curvature of the tunnel lining, and the length and spacing of the anchor bolts.

[0043] Secondly, the extracted non-geometric information such as material properties and geological parameters are associated with the three-dimensional geometric model. For example, physical properties such as concrete strength grade and elastic modulus are assigned to the lining components, and parameters such as surrounding rock grade and groundwater pressure obtained from geological exploration are associated with the surrounding rock area, so that the model not only has a visualized spatial form, but also contains real physical characteristics.

[0044] Then, according to the structural connection relationship between the components in the design drawings, establish the logical relationship between each component, such as defining the splicing constraints between segments, the anchoring mechanical relationship between anchor bolts and lining, etc., to ensure that the model can accurately reflect the force transmission and deformation coordination mechanism of the actual structure.

[0045] Finally, through parametric programming or rule settings in modeling software, design parameters (such as component stress loads and deformation limits) are transformed into logical rules for the model. For example, rules can be set to automatically warn the model when the stress on a component exceeds the design load threshold, or to trigger a mechanism to update the model state when the deformation reaches the limit. This makes the 3D BIM model a digital carrier containing physical attributes, spatial relationships, and logical rules.

[0046] Through the above steps, not only are two-dimensional drawings transformed into three-dimensional BIM models that intuitively present the design intent, but also standardized data interfaces are reserved for subsequent applications such as process simulation and resource allocation during the construction phase, as well as monitoring data access and health status analysis during the operation and maintenance phase, through the implantation of parametric technology and logical rules, ensuring data connectivity and collaborative management throughout the entire life cycle.

[0047] Furthermore, step A120 in the method provided in this application embodiment includes:

[0048] A121: Analyze the actual construction procedures, resource allocation, procedure logic information, construction environment information, and construction structure status during tunnel construction. According to the correspondence between component construction and design, integrate them into the tunnel design BIM model to form a construction phase BIM model. Link component information using the unique code identifier of each component.

[0049] In this embodiment, the construction structure state refers to the actual working state of the tunnel structural components during tunnel construction, including physical parameters such as the stress state, displacement deviation, and degree of deformation of the components, as well as state information on whether they meet the design requirements, which is used to reflect the safety and stability of the structure during tunnel construction.

[0050] Specifically, firstly, a comprehensive analysis of multi-dimensional data during the construction phase is conducted: real-time data is collected through sensors, monitoring systems, and manual records at the construction site, including actual construction procedures (such as the sequence of drilling and blasting, support, and lining), resource allocation (such as material usage, equipment operating status, and personnel configuration), process logic information (such as the preconditions and dependencies of each procedure), construction environment information (such as temperature, humidity, dust concentration, and surrounding rock deformation), and construction structural status (such as component stress and displacement deviation).

[0051] Next, the collected multi-dimensional data from the construction phase is analyzed. This involves analyzing data characteristics, construction structure status, and process logic information. Specifically, this includes determining whether the construction process conforms to the design logic, analyzing whether there are any anomalies in resource allocation, verifying whether the construction environment parameters exceed safety thresholds, and assessing whether the construction structure status (such as component stress and displacement deviation) meets design requirements. Through the above analysis, effective information is extracted, laying the foundation for dynamic integration into the tunnel design BIM model.

[0052] The construction of the BIM model during the construction phase must be based on the BIM model from the design phase, and is achieved through data parsing, correspondence association, dynamic integration, and information linkage, as detailed below:

[0053] First, based on the correspondence between component construction and design, the analyzed construction data is integrated into the tunnel design BIM model established during the design phase. For example, for tunnel lining components, the actual pouring time and concrete strength growth data are correlated with the planned pouring time and strength design value of the component in the design model, forming a dynamic record of construction progress and quality through comparison. For anchor bolt components, the actual placement location, insertion depth, and other data are compared with the design parameters and then integrated into the corresponding component in the model to visually present construction deviations.

[0054] In this process, a unique code identifier for each component is used as a tag for data association. Code matching is used to ensure that construction data is accurately bound to specific components in the model, thus avoiding data errors. For example, the unique code for a certain lining component is TUN-01-001. Its corresponding construction pouring data, quality inspection reports, etc., are all linked one-to-one with the model component through this code, achieving accurate data traceability.

[0055] After the above steps are completed, the BIM model for the construction phase is built and dynamically updated, reflecting the on-site construction progress (such as the completion status of each process), quality (such as the compliance rate of component parameters), and safety status (such as whether environmental parameters exceed limits or whether there are abnormal stresses in the structure) in real time, providing real-time and accurate decision-making basis for construction management.

[0056] Furthermore, by leveraging the component information linkage mechanism, the BIM model during the construction phase can automatically trigger logical verification and status warnings. For example, when the construction deviation of a component exceeds the design allowable range, the model automatically marks the anomaly and pushes a warning message based on preset rules. At the same time, it associates the upstream and downstream processes and related components that affect the component, forming a dynamic chain reaction analysis of the construction process, enabling the management of the construction phase to be carried out based on real-time and accurate model data.

[0057] By analyzing multi-source data from the construction phase and achieving dynamic integration and information linkage with the design model based on unique codes, the problems of lagging construction data and disconnect between the model and the site in existing technologies have been solved. This has achieved the effect of building a dynamic BIM model that reflects the construction status in real time, thereby improving the visualization and refined management of the construction process.

[0058] Furthermore, step A130 in the method provided in this application embodiment includes:

[0059] A131: Based on the operation and maintenance reserved information in the design phase, establish a data mapping relationship between structural health monitoring data and BIM component attributes.

[0060] A132: Based on the unique code identifier and spatial location of the component, and in conjunction with the data mapping relationship, the structural health monitoring data and maintenance operation data of the operation and maintenance phase are integrated into the construction phase BIM model, and the component status attributes are updated to form the operation and maintenance BIM model.

[0061] In this embodiment of the application, the operation and maintenance reserved information is the embedded data in the tunnel design information used to support the operation and maintenance phase management, including the setting location of structural health monitoring points, interface parameters required for maintenance operations, etc.

[0062] Specifically, firstly, during the design phase, reserved operation and maintenance information (such as sensor deployment locations, structural partition numbers, and inspection path planning) is extracted. Then, data mapping rules are established between structural health monitoring data (such as displacement, settlement, stress, and crack width) and maintenance operation data (such as equipment start-up and shutdown records, maintenance work orders, and inspection logs) and BIM component attributes (such as component type, spatial coordinates, and design parameters). For example, crack monitoring points in tunnel lining are bound to the crack status attribute fields of corresponding components in the model to form an initial data docking framework.

[0063] Once the operation and maintenance phase begins, IoT sensors collect real-time structural monitoring data (such as GNSS displacement monitoring and stress counts) and equipment status data (such as ventilation system operating parameters and drainage pump operating status). Simultaneously, maintenance operation data (such as historical maintenance records and defect locations discovered during inspections) is manually entered. The system matches various data with corresponding components in the BIM model from the construction phase based on the component's unique identification code and spatial coordinates. For example, if a lining component is retrieved by code, its real-time settlement data is automatically filled into the model's settlement attribute field, and the handling measures in the maintenance work order are linked to the model's maintenance history module.

[0064] Next, the pre-set structural condition assessment algorithm (such as a threshold-based health level classification algorithm) is used to analyze the accessed monitoring data. The algorithm first sets safety thresholds for different monitoring parameters (assuming the anchor bolt stress design threshold is 100kN). When the stress monitoring value of an anchor bolt (e.g., 85kN) exceeds 80% of the design threshold (i.e., 80kN), the algorithm triggers a risk warning mechanism through data comparison. According to the pre-set level rules (e.g., an orange warning for thresholds of 80%-90%), the component health level is automatically marked as an orange warning, and the location of the abnormal component is visualized in the operation and maintenance BIM model through color coding (e.g., orange highlighting).

[0065] At the same time, the system calls up maintenance historical data (such as past maintenance records of the anchor bolt and failure cases of similar components), combines it with preset operation and maintenance rules (such as when the stress exceeds the threshold of 80%, it needs to be retested within 3 days), generates structured maintenance suggestions (such as suggesting that the anchor bolt stress be retested within 3 days), and integrates the suggestion information into the decision support module of the operation and maintenance BIM model for operation and maintenance personnel to refer to and implement.

[0066] Finally, the original monitoring data and maintenance records are transformed into structured model attribute updates, forming an operation and maintenance BIM model with time-series data traceability (such as component settlement change curves over time), maintenance history visualization (such as maintenance record timelines), and risk warning functions. This model can not only reflect the operational status of components in real time, but also optimize operation and maintenance strategies through data accumulation, such as predicting future maintenance needs based on historical crack development data.

[0067] The above steps solve the problems of data fragmentation and delayed response in traditional operation and maintenance management, and achieve the effects of visualizing tunnel operation and maintenance status, intelligent risk warning, and scientific decision support by building an operation and maintenance BIM model.

[0068] Furthermore, step A140 in the method provided in this application embodiment includes:

[0069] A141: Analyze the relationships between tunnel structural components during the design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases.

[0070] A142: Based on the aforementioned association, establish a component parameter mapping relationship between the tunnel design BIM model, construction phase BIM model, and operation and maintenance BIM model according to the unique coding identifier of the component, for component parameter tracking throughout the entire life cycle.

[0071] A143: Based on the component parameter mapping relationship, establish a logical linkage interface that includes data interface and logical linkage rules. When a component status change occurs, data synchronization feedback between the tunnel design BIM model, construction phase BIM model and operation and maintenance BIM model is performed through the logical linkage interface.

[0072] Specifically, first, the core features and constraint features of the components in the design phase are analyzed. Based on this, the construction process features are analyzed and the construction impact response relationship between the process and the component features is established. Then, the operation and maintenance related features are obtained by combining the component operation status features. Finally, the three-stage component relationship is integrated. The specific steps are explained in detail in A141-1-141-4.

[0073] Next, starting from the design phase, when extracting design parameters such as geometric information and material properties of tunnel structural components, a unique code identifier is assigned to each component. Using design drawings and BIM modeling software, the code is bound to the component's 3D model and design parameters (such as lining thickness and anchor bolt diameter), forming the initial parameter system of the BIM model in the design phase.

[0074] Once construction begins, the system matches actual construction data (such as lining pouring time and anchor installation angle deviation) with coded parameters from the design phase, based on the unique component codes. For example, the actual installation angle data of an anchor during construction is linked to the corresponding component in the design model through a code. The system automatically compares the design parameters (such as a design angle of 45°) with the actual parameters (such as a measured angle of 40°), generates a construction deviation record, and updates it to the construction phase BIM model using the code as an index, thus achieving a dynamic mapping between construction parameters and design parameters.

[0075] During the operation and maintenance phase, structural health monitoring data (such as lining crack propagation rate and anchor stress value) are associated with coded components in the construction phase model through unique component codes and spatial locations. For example, when operation and maintenance detects cracks in the lining component corresponding to the code, the system traces the component's design parameters (such as concrete strength grade) and construction records (such as pouring date and curing duration) through the code, and updates the component's status attributes in conjunction with the monitoring data, forming an operation and maintenance BIM model that includes all parameters from design to construction to operation and maintenance.

[0076] After the above steps are completed, a parameter mapping relationship is established between the design, construction, and operation and maintenance models, using the unique component code as the data link. This forms a full lifecycle data chain from design parameter initialization to dynamic update of construction parameters to continuous tracking of operation and maintenance parameters. Parameter changes for each component are transmitted across stages through coding. For example, material property parameters in the design stage, after being corrected by process parameters in the construction stage, are transmitted to health assessment parameters in the operation and maintenance stage, ensuring that parameter queries at any stage can be traced back to related data in other stages.

[0077] Then, based on the component parameter mapping relationship, the logical linkage rules of the tunnel structure components at each stage are extracted. The data interface is established in combination with this relationship and the rules are configured to build the logical linkage interface. The specific steps are explained in detail in A143-1-A143-2.

[0078] Finally, when the status of a component changes (such as the anchor installation angle deviation exceeding the design range during construction, or cracks appearing in the lining during operation and maintenance), each model feeds back the processing results through a logical linkage interface, forming a closed loop. For example, when the operation and maintenance model detects abnormal anchor stress, the interface synchronizes the data to the construction model to trace the installation process, and simultaneously triggers the design model to perform a durability review, achieving data synchronization and feedback between the three models, thereby completing the full lifecycle BIM model.

[0079] By analyzing the component relationships, establishing parameter mapping relationships and logical linkage interfaces, the technical effect of tracking component parameters throughout the tunnel's entire life cycle and synchronizing data feedback across stages was achieved, thereby enhancing the collaboration and dynamic management capabilities of the full life cycle BIM model.

[0080] Furthermore, step A141-1-141-4 in the method provided in this application embodiment includes:

[0081] A141-1: Analyze the component characteristics in the design phase, including core component characteristics and component constraint characteristics.

[0082] A141-2: Based on the component characteristics of the design stage, conduct construction characteristic analysis according to the construction sequence to obtain the construction sequence characteristics, and establish the construction influence response relationship between the construction sequence characteristics and the core characteristics and constraint characteristics of the component.

[0083] A141-3: Based on the aforementioned construction impact response relationship, and combined with the operational status characteristics of the components, a correlation analysis is performed to obtain operation and maintenance correlation characteristics.

[0084] A141-4: The construction impact response relationship, operation and maintenance correlation characteristics, and design component characteristics are integrated to obtain the correlation relationship of tunnel structural components in the design stage, construction stage, and operation and maintenance stage.

[0085] In one embodiment, firstly, the component characteristics in the design phase are analyzed. Those skilled in the art need to study the tunnel drawings of the project and extract parameters to identify the core characteristics of components such as lining and anchor bolts (such as the thickness, curvature, and concrete strength grade of the lining, and the diameter, length, and spacing of the anchor bolts, which reflect basic attributes) and constraint characteristics (such as the stress threshold, allowable deformation range, and connection constraints with surrounding structures, which restrict behavior). These characteristics are then structured and classified and stored according to the unique component identification code, constructing a design phase component characteristic database containing geometric information, material properties, design parameters, etc., to provide a standardized data foundation for subsequent correlation analysis in the construction and operation and maintenance phases.

[0086] Next, based on the component characteristics in the design phase, construction characteristics are analyzed according to the construction procedures (such as excavation, support, lining, etc.) to identify the influencing factors of each procedure on the component characteristics. For example, the stress change of the surrounding rock that may be caused by the excavation procedure affects the stress of the lining component, thereby obtaining the construction procedure characteristics.

[0087] Simultaneously, establishing the construction impact response relationship between construction procedure characteristics and core and constraint characteristics of components requires construction process simulation and data modeling. First, analyze construction procedure characteristics (such as construction time of support procedures, anchor bolt installation angle, concrete pouring speed, etc.) and extract key parameters related to core component characteristics (such as anchor bolt bearing capacity, lining strength growth curve) and constraint characteristics (such as anchor bolt stress threshold, lining deformation allowable range). Then, based on historical construction data and mechanical analysis, construct a quantitative correlation model (such as establishing a mathematical relationship between support delay time and anchor bolt bearing capacity attenuation through regression analysis, or using finite element simulation to determine the influence of concrete pouring speed on the internal stress distribution of the lining). Clarify the specific mechanism by which changes in construction procedure parameters affect the component state. For example, the quantitative relationship that the anchor bolt bearing capacity may decrease by a corresponding percentage for every 12-hour delay in support, or the response rule that the risk of early cracks in the lining increases by a certain percentage when the concrete pouring speed exceeds 1.5 times the design value, thus forming a dynamic mapping relationship between construction procedures and component characteristics.

[0088] Then, based on the established construction impact-response relationship, a correlation analysis is conducted in conjunction with the operational status characteristics of components during the operation and maintenance phase. First, component characteristic data (such as support strength and construction deviations) and corresponding impact-response parameters recorded during the construction phase need to be extracted. Simultaneously, real-time operational status data monitored during the operation and maintenance phase (such as the rate of decrease in material elastic modulus, crack propagation rate, and frequency of environmental temperature and humidity changes) should be collected. Then, cross-phase data mapping is established using data association algorithms (such as causal analysis and Bayesian networks). For example, the correlation between the degree of insufficient anchoring force of anchor bolts during the construction phase and the surrounding rock displacement rate during the operation and maintenance phase can be calculated, or the correlation between insufficient concrete strength growth during construction and the incidence of lining cracks during the operation and maintenance phase can be analyzed. Based on this, we can identify the quantitative relationship between the impacts left over from the construction phase (such as insufficient support strength and process deviations) and the performance degradation in the operation and maintenance phase (such as accelerated crack propagation and decreased material durability). For example, we found that for every 10% reduction in support strength during the construction phase compared to the design value, the crack propagation rate during the operation and maintenance phase increases by the corresponding percentage on average. This forms an operation and maintenance correlation characteristic that reflects the causal relationship between the construction and operation and maintenance phases, providing a basis for risk prediction throughout the entire life cycle.

[0089] Finally, the construction impact response relationship, operation and maintenance correlation characteristics, and component characteristics in the design phase are integrated in a multi-level correlation:

[0090] Step a: Based on the unique component code, perform cross-stage data alignment between the core features of the component extracted in the design stage (such as lining thickness and anchor diameter) and constraint features (such as stress threshold), the construction impact response relationship established in the construction stage (such as the quantitative relationship between support delay and anchor bearing capacity attenuation), and the operation and maintenance related features mined in the operation and maintenance stage (such as the correlation between construction deviation and operation and maintenance crack propagation), to ensure that the data of each stage are accurately matched based on the same component code.

[0091] Step b: Employ a system dynamics model to define the system variables, including design characteristics (anchor bolt design diameter), construction procedure characteristics (installation angle deviation), impact response relationships (anchor force attenuation coefficient), and operation and maintenance related characteristics (surrounding rock displacement monitoring values). Determine the functional relationships between these variables. Those skilled in the art, based on the causal chain of design parameters-construction deviation-operation and maintenance indicators, establish functional relationships such as the relationship between anchor force and installation angle deviation, anchor bolt design diameter, and surrounding rock displacement monitoring values ​​and anchor force. Use historical data to calibrate and train the parameters in these functional relationships to determine the influence weight of each link, such as the influence coefficient of installation angle deviation on anchor force and the influence coefficient of anchor force change on surrounding rock displacement rate.

[0092] Step c: Verify the association network through a logical verification mechanism. For example, compare the model's predicted operation and maintenance status with the actual monitoring data to correct the accuracy of the association rules. If the model's prediction accuracy for insufficient concrete strength during the construction phase leading to operation and maintenance cracks is found to be 85%, then the association path is retained. If the correlation between a certain construction procedure and the operation and maintenance indicator is lower than the threshold, then the data is re-analyzed or the model structure is adjusted.

[0093] Step c: Construct a network of relationships among tunnel structural components covering the three stages through the above steps. This network not only includes the linear transmission path of component parameters at each stage (such as design load → construction stress → operation and maintenance deformation), but also covers nonlinear influence relationships (such as the coupling effect of multiple processes on component performance). The dynamic linkage of parameters at each stage is displayed through a visual interface. For example, clicking on a crack monitoring point in the operation and maintenance stage can trace back to the support parameter deviation in the construction stage and the surrounding rock grade parameters in the design stage, forming a traceable and predictable component relationship system throughout the entire life cycle.

[0094] By analyzing component characteristics in a hierarchical manner, establishing cross-stage impact-response relationships, and integrating multi-dimensional related elements, the problem of fragmented component data in existing technologies has been solved, achieving the goal of constructing a full life-cycle component association model to support seamless data transmission and collaborative management at all stages of tunnel construction.

[0095] Furthermore, step A143 in the method provided in this application embodiment includes:

[0096] A143-1: Based on the component parameter mapping relationship, extract the logical linkage rules between component parameters in different stages for the target state and mutual influence characteristics of tunnel structure components in each life cycle stage.

[0097] A143-2: Based on the logical linkage rules and the component parameter mapping relationship, establish a data interface for multi-stage information transmission, configure the logical linkage rules of the interface, and construct the logical linkage interface.

[0098] Optionally, firstly, based on the established component parameter mapping relationships across the design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases (e.g., associating component parameters at each phase through unique codes), analyze the target state of tunnel structural components during the design phase (e.g., design load, material performance indicators), the actual state during the construction phase (e.g., process deviations, measured component stress values), and the deterioration state during the operation and maintenance phase (e.g., material aging parameters, structural damage indicators), and identify the causal relationships between parameters at different phases. For example, the design value of anchor bolt anchoring force during the design phase and the installation angle deviation during the construction phase jointly affect the surrounding rock displacement rate during the operation and maintenance phase. It is necessary to extract the logical chain of installation angle deviation → anchoring force attenuation → surrounding rock displacement change to form cross-phase logical linkage rules.

[0099] Next, the extracted logical linkage rules are transformed into computable digital rules. For example, a rule can be set to automatically trigger a doubling of the monitoring frequency for that component during the operation and maintenance phase when the anchor installation angle deviation exceeds 5° during the construction phase. This rule is then embedded into the logical configuration of the data interface using a rule engine algorithm.

[0100] First, the rule that automatically triggers a doubling of the monitoring frequency during the operation and maintenance phase when the anchor installation angle deviation exceeds 5° during the construction phase is defined as a structured expression (e.g., IF[condition]THEN[action]). This expression is then converted into engine-recognizable syntax (e.g., the DRL language of a rule engine). Next, the algorithm parses the data fields (e.g., anchor installation angle, monitoring frequency) in the component parameter mapping relationship, establishing a mapping relationship between rule conditions and data fields (e.g., the installation angle deviation corresponds to the measured value minus the design value field of the anchor installation angle in the construction phase model). Then, the rule is deployed to the logical layer of the data interface. When the interface receives data that meets the conditions (e.g., an anchor installation angle deviation of 6°), the algorithm automatically matches the rule conditions and triggers a preset action (e.g., sending an instruction to the operation and maintenance model to adjust the monitoring frequency of the component from once a day to twice a day). Cross-model data transmission and status response are achieved through a message middleware (e.g., RabbitMQ, an open-source message middleware based on an advanced message queue protocol, mainly used for asynchronous communication and message passing between applications), ensuring the real-time performance and accuracy of the rule.

[0101] Meanwhile, based on the component parameter mapping relationship, the transmission protocol and format of the data interface are determined, as shown in Table 1, to ensure that parameter changes in the design stage (such as design load adjustments) can be transmitted to the construction and operation and maintenance stage models in real time through the interface, triggering the corresponding stage status response.

[0102] Next, a universal data interface for multiple phases is developed. This interface needs to be compatible with different data standards in the design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases (such as IFC format for design models, XML format for construction data, and JSON format for operation and maintenance monitoring), and the extracted logical linkage rules are configured. For example, when the operation and maintenance phase detects that the lining crack propagation rate exceeds the threshold, the interface automatically retrieves the construction pouring records and design material parameters of the component, analyzes the cause of the cracks through preset rules, and feeds the analysis results back to the construction phase model for process traceability, while updating the durability assessment parameters in the design phase.

[0103] Having completed the above steps, using the component parameter mapping relationship as the data foundation and logical linkage rules as the transmission logic, a logical linkage interface containing data interfaces and rule configurations is constructed, realizing the automatic transmission and intelligent linkage of tunnel component parameters in the design, construction, and operation and maintenance stages. For example, when adjusting the concrete strength grade of a certain lining section during the design stage, the interface automatically transmits the changed parameters to the construction stage model, prompting the construction party to adjust the mix ratio, and updates the health assessment benchmark value of the component in the operation and maintenance stage model, forming a closed-loop response of design change - construction adjustment - operation and maintenance monitoring.

[0104] By extracting cross-stage logical linkage rules, configuring data interface transmission rules, and developing multi-stage compatible interfaces, the system achieves automatic feedback of component status changes across stages through logical linkage interfaces, thereby improving the coordination and dynamic response capabilities of tunnel lifecycle management.

[0105] Table 1: Logical linkage rules and data interface configuration table.

[0106]

[0107] Furthermore, step A200 in the method provided in this application embodiment includes:

[0108] A210: Input the collected real-time tunnel construction data into the BIM model, perform a status analysis of the current stage based on the corresponding life cycle stage, and obtain the current construction status evaluation result.

[0109] A220: Through the logical linkage interface, data is transmitted at each stage according to the mapping relationship of components, and the status analysis of each stage is performed through the logical linkage rules to obtain the construction status evaluation results of other stages.

[0110] In one embodiment, firstly, monitoring data, including structural deformation, material properties, and environmental parameters, is collected in real time during the design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases via a sensor network (such as displacement gauges, stress gauges, and environmental monitoring equipment). This data is then categorized and stored in a data center according to lifecycle nodes (such as design disclosure, construction process acceptance, and operation and maintenance inspection cycles). Next, various monitoring data are bound to unique component identifiers in the BIM model via data interfaces. For example, the actual installation angle data of anchor bolts during the construction phase is connected to the corresponding component's construction model node, thus establishing a spatial location and attribute association between the monitoring data and the 3D model, forming a dynamically updated digital model.

[0111] When conducting construction status evaluation, as shown in Table 2, the real-time data of the current construction stage (such as concrete pouring temperature and measured value of anchor pull-out force) is first input into the construction stage BIM model. Based on the preset thresholds of the design stage (such as concrete temperature control range and anchor bearing capacity design value) and construction specifications, the status analysis of the current stage is carried out through deviation analysis algorithm. The algorithm first extracts key parameters (such as temperature and pull-out force values) from real-time data and compares them with the corresponding component design parameters (such as the concrete temperature design range and anchor bolt bearing capacity design value) stored in the tunnel design BIM model during the design phase, calculating the deviation rate between the measured values ​​and the design values. Then, based on the allowable deviation range specified in the construction specifications, it determines whether there are construction deviations or quality risks (such as concrete temperature exceeding the design range may lead to insufficient strength, and anchor bolt pull-out force not meeting the standard may affect the stability of the surrounding rock). Finally, it generates the current construction status evaluation result, marking the unique code identifier, spatial location, and problem type of abnormal components (e.g., TUN-L-001 lining pouring temperature exceeds the standard, TUN-B-015 anchor bolt bearing capacity is insufficient), and synchronizes it to the design and operation and maintenance BIM models through a logical linkage interface.

[0112] Simultaneously, a cross-stage data transmission mechanism is triggered through a logical linkage interface: utilizing component parameter mapping relationships, current construction data is synchronized to the design model and operation and maintenance model. For example, if insufficient lining thickness is found in a certain section during construction, the logical linkage rules automatically retrieve the mechanical calculation parameters from the design model, recalculate the structural safety reserve, and predict the impact of this deviation on the operation and maintenance stage (such as accelerating crack development); a warning is simultaneously sent to the operation and maintenance model to adjust the monitoring frequency of that component. Through the logical linkage analysis of data from each stage, not only are the current construction status evaluation results obtained, but the potential impact of construction deviations on other stages can also be deduced, forming a risk prediction for the entire life cycle.

[0113] The above steps address the limitations of traditional construction evaluation, which focuses only on the current stage. By dynamically linking and analyzing data from the entire life cycle of monitoring, the comprehensiveness of construction status evaluation and risk prediction capabilities are improved.

[0114] Table 2: Construction Status Evaluation and Parameter Comparison Table.

[0115]

[0116] In summary, the BIM-driven tunnel construction lifecycle management method provided in this application has the following technical effects:

[0117] This application collects monitoring data at each stage of the tunnel's entire life cycle, obtains component status-related data through component parameter mapping and logical linkage rules, calculates construction status evaluation results and life cycle risk predictions, and dynamically links the relationships and calculation results of each stage to accurately evaluate the tunnel construction status and life cycle risks. This makes the tunnel construction life cycle management more collaborative and efficient, achieving full life cycle integration and cross-stage linkage processing of industrial data in the tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance stages. It improves the comprehensiveness, collaboration, and timeliness of industrial data processing, and accurately obtains construction status to optimize on-site safety management.

[0118] Example 2, as Figure 2 As shown, based on the same inventive concept as in Embodiment 1 above, this application provides a BIM-driven tunnel construction full lifecycle management system, the system comprising:

[0119] BIM model building module 1 is used to establish a BIM model covering the entire life cycle of tunnel design, construction, operation and maintenance, including the data mapping and linkage relationship between each life cycle.

[0120] Construction evaluation execution module 2 is used to collect monitoring data throughout the entire life cycle, and to connect the monitoring data into the BIM model according to the life cycle nodes to realize the dynamic linkage between the BIM model and the on-site monitoring data. It also combines the data mapping and linkage relationship between the life cycles to conduct construction evaluation and obtain the construction status evaluation result.

[0121] Safety management mechanism construction module 3 is used to construct a safety management mechanism based on the construction status evaluation results and feed it back to the on-site terminal for management guidance.

[0122] Furthermore, the BIM model building module 1 is used to perform the following steps:

[0123] A tunnel design BIM model is established based on tunnel design information during the design phase. Data characteristics, structural status, and procedural logic information during the construction phase are analyzed and dynamically integrated into the tunnel design BIM model to form a dynamically updated construction phase BIM model. Structural health monitoring data and maintenance operation data from the operation and maintenance phase are then integrated into the construction phase BIM model. The health status of each component in the model is updated based on the monitoring results to form an operation and maintenance BIM model. Mapping relationships and logical linkage interfaces for component parameters are established between the tunnel design BIM model, the construction phase BIM model, and the operation and maintenance BIM model to enable data transfer and status response feedback between different lifecycles, thus constructing the full lifecycle BIM model.

[0124] Furthermore, the BIM model building module 1 is used to perform the following steps:

[0125] Based on the tunnel design information, the geometric information, material properties, geological parameters, construction process nodes, and operation and maintenance reserved information of the tunnel structural components are extracted, and a unique code identifier is assigned to each component; according to the structural connection relationship between the tunnel structural components in the tunnel design drawings, combined with the design parameters of the tunnel structural components, the tunnel design BIM model is constructed in three-dimensional space.

[0126] Furthermore, the BIM model building module 1 is used to perform the following steps:

[0127] The actual construction procedures, resource allocation, procedure logic information, construction environment information, and construction structure status during tunnel construction are analyzed. According to the correspondence between component construction and design, these are integrated into the tunnel design BIM model to form a construction phase BIM model. Component information is linked using a unique code identifier for each component.

[0128] Furthermore, the BIM model building module 1 is used to perform the following steps:

[0129] Based on the operation and maintenance reserved information in the design phase, a data mapping relationship is established between structural health monitoring data and BIM component attributes; according to the unique code identifier and spatial location of the component, combined with the data mapping relationship, the structural health monitoring data and maintenance operation data in the operation and maintenance phase are integrated into the construction phase BIM model, and the component status attributes are updated to form the operation and maintenance BIM model.

[0130] Furthermore, the BIM model building module 1 is used to perform the following steps:

[0131] The system analyzes the relationships between tunnel structural components during the design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases. Based on these relationships, it establishes a component parameter mapping relationship between the tunnel design BIM model, construction phase BIM model, and operation and maintenance BIM model according to the unique component identification code, for component parameter tracking throughout the entire lifecycle. Based on the component parameter mapping relationship, it establishes a logical linkage interface that includes data interfaces and logical linkage rules. When a component status change occurs, the logical linkage interface is used to synchronize and feedback data between the tunnel design BIM model, construction phase BIM model, and operation and maintenance BIM model.

[0132] Furthermore, the BIM model building module 1 is used to perform the following steps:

[0133] The process involves analyzing the component characteristics during the design phase, including core component characteristics and constraint characteristics. Based on these characteristics, construction characteristics are analyzed according to the construction sequence to obtain construction sequence characteristics. A construction impact response relationship is then established between these construction sequence characteristics and the core and constraint characteristics of the components. Based on this construction impact response relationship, a correlation analysis is performed using the component's operational status characteristics to obtain operation and maintenance related characteristics. Finally, the construction impact response relationship, operation and maintenance related characteristics, and the designed component characteristics are integrated to obtain the correlation relationships among tunnel structural components during the design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases.

[0134] Furthermore, the BIM model building module 1 is used to perform the following steps:

[0135] Based on the component parameter mapping relationship, the target states and mutual influence characteristics of tunnel structure components in each life cycle stage are analyzed, and logical linkage rules between component parameters in different stages are extracted. Based on the logical linkage rules and the component parameter mapping relationship, a data interface for multi-stage information transmission is established, and the logical linkage rules of the interface are configured to construct the logical linkage interface.

[0136] Furthermore, the construction evaluation execution module 2 is used to perform the following steps:

[0137] The collected real-time tunnel construction data is input into the BIM model. Based on the corresponding life cycle stage, the current stage's status analysis is performed to obtain the current construction status evaluation result. Through the logical linkage interface, data transmission at each stage is carried out according to the component mapping relationship. Through the logical linkage rules, the status analysis of each stage is performed to obtain the construction status evaluation results of other stages.

[0138] The BIM-driven tunnel construction lifecycle management system provided in this embodiment of the invention can execute the BIM-driven tunnel construction lifecycle management method provided in any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.

[0139] Although this application makes various references to certain modules in the system according to the embodiments of this application, any number of different modules can be used and run on user terminals and / or servers. The various units and modules included are only divided according to functional logic, but are not limited to the above division, as long as the corresponding functions can be achieved; in addition, the specific names of each functional unit are only for easy distinction between each other and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this invention.

[0140] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. In some cases, the actions or steps described in this application can be performed in a different order than that shown in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

Claims

1. A BIM-driven method for full lifecycle management of tunnel construction, characterized in that, include: Establish a BIM model covering the entire lifecycle of tunnel design, construction, operation and maintenance, including data mapping and linkage relationships between each lifecycle. Collect monitoring data throughout the entire lifecycle, and integrate the monitoring data into the BIM model according to the lifecycle nodes to achieve dynamic linkage between the BIM model and the on-site monitoring data. Combine the data mapping and linkage relationship between each lifecycle to conduct construction evaluation and obtain construction status evaluation results. A safety management mechanism is constructed based on the construction status evaluation results, and feedback is sent to the on-site terminal for management guidance. Establish a BIM model covering the entire lifecycle of tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance, including: Establish a tunnel design BIM model based on tunnel design information during the design phase; The data characteristics, construction structure status, and process logic information during the construction phase are analyzed and dynamically integrated into the tunnel design BIM model to form a dynamically updated construction phase BIM model. The structural health monitoring data and maintenance operation data of the operation and maintenance phase are integrated into the construction phase BIM model. The health status of each component in the model is updated based on the monitoring results to form an operation and maintenance BIM model. A mapping relationship and logical linkage interface for component parameters are established between the tunnel design BIM model, construction phase BIM model, and operation and maintenance BIM model to realize data transfer and status response feedback of information from different life cycles, and to construct the full life cycle BIM model. Based on the tunnel design information, a tunnel design BIM model is established for the design phase, including: Based on the tunnel design information, the geometric information, material properties, geological parameters, construction process nodes, and operation and maintenance reserved information of the tunnel structural components are extracted, and a unique code identifier is assigned to each component. Based on the structural connection relationships between tunnel structural components in the tunnel design drawings, and combined with the design parameters of the tunnel structural components, the tunnel design BIM model is constructed in three-dimensional space. Establish mapping relationships and logical linkage interfaces for component parameters among the tunnel design BIM model, construction phase BIM model, and operation and maintenance BIM model, including: Analyze the relationships between tunnel structural components during the design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases; Based on the aforementioned relationship, a component parameter mapping relationship is established between the tunnel design BIM model, construction phase BIM model, and operation and maintenance BIM model according to the unique coding identifier of the component, which is used for component parameter tracking throughout the entire life cycle. Based on the component parameter mapping relationship, a logical linkage interface is established that includes data interface and logical linkage rules. When a component status change occurs, data synchronization feedback between the tunnel design BIM model, construction phase BIM model and operation and maintenance BIM model is carried out through the logical linkage interface. The relationships between tunnel structural components during the design, construction, and operation and maintenance phases are analyzed, including: Analyze the component characteristics in the design phase, including core component characteristics and component constraint characteristics; Based on the component characteristics of the design phase, construction characteristic analysis is performed according to the construction sequence to obtain the construction sequence characteristics, and the construction influence response relationship between the construction sequence characteristics and the core characteristics and constraint characteristics of the components is established. Based on the aforementioned construction impact response relationship, and combined with the operational status characteristics of the components, a correlation analysis is performed to obtain operation and maintenance correlation characteristics; By integrating the construction impact response relationship, operation and maintenance correlation characteristics, and design component characteristics, the correlation relationship of tunnel structural components in the design, construction, and operation and maintenance stages is obtained. Based on the component parameter mapping relationship, a logical linkage interface is established that includes data interfaces and logical linkage rules, including: Based on the component parameter mapping relationship, logical linkage rules between component parameters in different stages are extracted for the target state and mutual influence characteristics of tunnel structure components in each life cycle stage. Based on the logical linkage rules and the component parameter mapping relationship, a data interface for multi-stage information transmission is established, and the logical linkage rules of the interface are configured to construct the logical linkage interface. Obtain the construction status assessment results, including: The collected real-time tunnel construction data is input into the BIM model, and the current stage status analysis is performed based on the corresponding life cycle stage to obtain the current construction status evaluation result. Through the logical linkage interface, data is transmitted at each stage according to the mapping relationship of components, and the status analysis of each stage is performed through the logical linkage rules to obtain the construction status evaluation results of other stages.

2. The BIM-driven tunnel construction lifecycle management method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data characteristics, structural status, and procedural logic information during the construction phase are analyzed and dynamically integrated into the tunnel design BIM model, forming a dynamically updated construction phase BIM model, including: The actual construction procedures, resource allocation, procedure logic information, construction environment information, and construction structure status during tunnel construction are analyzed. According to the correspondence between component construction and design, these are integrated into the tunnel design BIM model to form a construction phase BIM model. Component information is linked using a unique code identifier for each component.

3. The BIM-driven tunnel construction lifecycle management method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The formation of the operation and maintenance BIM model includes: Based on the operation and maintenance reserved information in the design phase, establish a data mapping relationship between structural health monitoring data and BIM component attributes; Based on the unique code and spatial location of the components, and in conjunction with the data mapping relationship, the structural health monitoring data and maintenance operation data of the operation and maintenance phase are integrated into the construction phase BIM model, and the component status attributes are updated to form the operation and maintenance BIM model.

4. A BIM-driven tunnel construction lifecycle management system, characterized in that, The system is used to implement the BIM-driven tunnel construction lifecycle management method according to any one of claims 1-3, the system comprising: The BIM model building module is used to create a BIM model covering the entire lifecycle of tunnel design, construction, and operation and maintenance, including the data mapping and linkage relationships between each lifecycle. The construction evaluation execution module is used to collect monitoring data throughout the entire life cycle, and to connect the monitoring data into the BIM model according to the life cycle nodes to realize the dynamic linkage between the BIM model and the on-site monitoring data. It also combines the data mapping and linkage relationship between the life cycles to conduct construction evaluation and obtain the construction status evaluation result. The safety management mechanism construction module is used to construct a safety management mechanism based on the construction status evaluation results and feed it back to the on-site terminal for management guidance.

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