Preparation method of explosion-proof lightning arrester

Abstract

According to the preparation method of the explosion-proof lightning arrester, provided by the invention, the explosion-proof insulating layer, the silica gel foam buffer cylinder, the PTFE film, the high-strength insulating sleeve and the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover are sequentially arranged outside the lightning arrester core body, so that when high-temperature and high-pressure gas is generated by an internal fault of the lightning arrester core body, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas can be prevented from entering the lightning arrester core body; the explosion-proof insulating layer expands and cracks to transmit air pressure, the silica gel foam cylinder on the outer side is extruded to enable the silica gel foam cylinder to be compressed and deformed and absorb a large amount of energy, residual air pressure acts on the high-strength insulating sleeve on the outer side in a uniformly-dispersed mode through the PTFE film, the residual air pressure is released through the pressure release hole, and finally the blind hole of the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover is impacted to enable the blind hole to be broken to discharge the air pressure. Therefore, pressure relief is carried out after multi-stage energy attenuation of high-pressure gas generated when the lightning arrester has an internal fault, the situation that the lightning arrester is violently exploded or the outer surface is physically broken due to instant energy explosion caused by excessive accumulation of internal pressure is avoided, the pressure relief efficiency is effectively improved, and the safety performance of the lightning arrester is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lightning arrester manufacturing, in particular to a method for preparing an explosion-proof lightning arrester. Background Art

[0002] In the power system, lightning arresters, as core equipment for limiting switching overvoltage and lightning overvoltage, are responsible for protecting electrical equipment from lightning overvoltage, switching overvoltage and power frequency transient overvoltage. However, some current arresters rely solely on silicone rubber seals, which inherently limit their explosion-proof performance. Once subjected to continuous lightning strikes or severe power-frequency continuous current surges, the internal resistor valve disc can easily enter a state of thermal runaway, causing the gas to expand instantly and build up extremely high pressure within the sealed housing.

[0003] Some existing arresters have limited casing strength and lack effective pressure relief devices. Once internal pressure exceeds a critical threshold, a catastrophic explosion can occur, causing the casing to shatter and posing a significant safety risk. Furthermore, some arresters equipped with pressure relief devices merely provide a pressure relief structure without buffering the pressure to reduce its energy. This can lead to explosions even when pressure relief is not timely.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for preparing a new type of lightning arrester with explosion-proof function to prepare explosion-proof lightning arrester and improve the safety protection level of the lightning arrester. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the necessity of explosion-proof safety of lightning arresters in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing an explosion-proof lightning arrester.

[0006] A method for preparing an explosion-proof lightning arrester, the lightning arrester comprising an arrester core, a high-strength insulating sleeve and a vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover; the preparation method comprising: step S1, spraying fluorosilicone rubber coating on the outer surface of the arrester core at least once, and forming an explosion-proof insulating layer of a preset thickness after curing; step S2, sleeveing ​​a silicone foam buffer tube with a plurality of openings on the outside of the explosion-proof insulating layer, and coating the surface of the silicone foam buffer tube with a PTFE film to obtain a core assembly; step S3, opening a plurality of pressure release holes on the high-strength insulating sleeve, and sleeve the high-strength insulating sleeve on the outside of the core assembly to obtain an arrester body; step S4, placing the arrester body in a vulcanized umbrella cover mold, and injecting vulcanized silicone rubber, thereby forming the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover on the outside of the high-strength insulating sleeve, and forming a plurality of blind holes that expand and rupture under high pressure on the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover, and the inner bottom surfaces of the blind holes are all provided with Y-shaped grooves.

[0007] Preferably, the preparation method of the arrester core is specifically as follows: S11, weighing zinc oxide, bismuth oxide, antimony oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese oxide, chromium oxide, and silicon oxide in proportion by weight, and water-ball milling them to a particle size of less than 3 μm to obtain a suspended slurry; S12, spray-drying the suspended slurry to obtain granulated powder, and then pressing it into a valve plate blank under a pressure of 40-50 MPa; and then sintering it by gradient temperature increase to obtain a resistor valve plate; S13, stacking the resistor valve plates in series to form a resistor valve plate column, and installing high-voltage electrodes and grounding electrodes at both ends of the resistor valve plate column, and respectively installing high-voltage screws and grounding screws through the ends of the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode away from the resistor valve plate column to obtain the arrester core.

[0008] Preferably, in step S11, the preset thickness is 0.2 mm ± 0.05 mm.

[0009] Preferably, in step S12, the gradient sintering is specifically divided into two stages: the first stage: heating to 610±25°C at a rate of 15-20°C / min and keeping warm for 1.5-2h; the second stage: heating to 1100±25°C at a rate of 8-10°C / min and keeping warm for 2.5-4h.

[0010] Preferably, in step S3, the high-strength insulating sleeve includes a hollow sleeve, an upper end plug and a lower end plug; and the specific process of the high-strength insulating sleeve being sleeved on the outside of the core assembly is: inserting the lower end plug into one end of the hollow sleeve, and making the first external thread on the outer surface of the lower end plug spirally connected with the first internal thread on the inner side of one end of the hollow sleeve; then accommodating the core assembly in the hollow sleeve, and then inserting the upper end plug into the other end of the hollow sleeve, and making the second external thread on the outer surface of the upper end plug spirally connected with the second internal thread on the inner side of the other end of the hollow sleeve to obtain the arrester body.

[0011] Preferably, in step S4, the specific process of forming the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover includes: step S41, cleaning and activating the outer surface of the high-strength insulating sleeve; step S42, placing the lightning arrester body into the vulcanized umbrella cover mold and locking it, then injecting vulcanized silicone rubber into the vulcanized umbrella cover mold and gradient heating it to a preset temperature and keeping it warm for vulcanization; step S43, stopping heating and cooling to the mold opening temperature, opening the vulcanized umbrella cover mold to take out the vulcanized lightning arrester body, and cooling and shaping it at room temperature, and finally obtaining the lightning arrester body wrapped with the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover.

[0012] Preferably, in S42, the step of injecting the vulcanized silicone rubber into the vulcanized umbrella cover mold and then heating the mold to a preset temperature and maintaining the temperature for vulcanization comprises three stages of heating the mold to a preset temperature and maintaining the temperature for vulcanization, which are: Stage 1: Raise the temperature to 95-100°C at 1-2°C / min and keep warm for 5-15 minutes; The second stage: heating to 155-160℃ at 3-4℃ / min and keeping warm for 8-20min; The third stage: heat up to 175-180℃ at 1-3℃ / min and keep warm for 5-12 minutes.

[0013] Preferably, the method further includes step S5 of coating an anti-ultraviolet coating and a hydrophobic coating on the outside of the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover in sequence.

[0014] Preferably, the specific steps of step S5 include: S51, uniformly spraying an addition-type liquid silicone rubber solution containing a UV absorber on the surface of the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover, letting it stand for 5 minutes to level after spraying to form an initial coating; S52, preheating the initial coating at a temperature of 80±5°C for 30±5 minutes, then heating it to 120±5°C and curing it for 60±5 minutes to obtain the anti-UV coating; S53, spin-coating a hydrophobic treatment liquid on the surface of the cured anti-UV coating to form a wet film, wherein the hydrophobic treatment liquid contains tetradecyltrimethoxysilane, ethanol and acetic acid; S54, gradient drying the wet film, and curing it at 75-85°C for 20-40 minutes to form the hydrophobic layer.

[0015] Preferably, the step S301 is further included between the step S3 and the step S4, in which a prefabricated heat dissipation interlayer is sleeved on the outer side of the arrester body.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a preparation method of an explosion-proof lightning arrester provided by the present invention, through the explosion-proof insulation layer, silicone foam buffer tube, PTFE membrane, high-strength insulating sleeve and vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella sleeve arranged in sequence outside the core of the lightning arrester, when the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by an internal fault in the lightning arrester core body can be expanded and cracked to transmit the air pressure, and squeeze the outer silicone foam tube to compress and deform it and absorb a large amount of energy, the residual air pressure acts on the outer high-strength insulating sleeve evenly and dispersedly through the PTFE membrane, and is released through the pressure release hole, and finally impacts the blind hole of the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella sleeve to cause it to rupture and discharge the air pressure, thereby achieving multi-stage attenuation of energy of the high-pressure gas generated when the internal fault of the lightning arrester is released, avoiding the instantaneous energy explosion caused by excessive accumulation of internal pressure, and then causing the lightning arrester to explode violently or physically rupture on the outer surface, effectively improving the efficiency of pressure relief, and significantly improving the safety performance of the lightning arrester. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an explosion-proof lightning arrester provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of an explosion-proof lightning arrester provided by the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B.

[0018] Figure 5 The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for preparing an explosion-proof lightning arrester.

[0019] Figure ID 1. Lightning arrester core; 11. Resistor valve column; 12. High-voltage electrode; 13. Grounding electrode; 14. High-voltage screw; 15. Grounding screw; 2. High-strength insulating sleeve; 21. Pressure relief hole; 22. Hollow sleeve; 23. Upper end plug; 24. Lower end plug; 3. Vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover; 4. Explosion-proof insulation layer; 5. Silicone foam buffer tube; 6. PTFE membrane; 7. Heat dissipation interlayer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] To further illustrate the present invention, the following description is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are merely some, and not all, of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a method for preparing an explosion-proof lightning arrester, the lightning arrester includes a lightning arrester core 1, a high-strength insulating sleeve 2 and a vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover 3.

[0022] Specifically, combined Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the preparation method comprises: Step S1, spraying fluorosilicone rubber coating on the outer surface of the arrester core 1 at least once, and forming an explosion-proof insulation layer 4 of a preset thickness after curing.

[0023] The explosion-proof insulation layer 4 formed by the fluorosilicone rubber coating is sprayed and cured, tightly covering the outside of the arrester core 2, forming a continuous insulating sealing layer, which can prevent external moisture and gas from invading the core, ensuring the long-term electrical performance stability of the internal arrester core 1. When a fault occurs inside the arrester core 1 and high-temperature and high-pressure gas is generated, the explosion-proof insulation layer 4 can expand and transmit pressure, and cracks will appear under the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to release the pressure, thereby conducting the high-temperature and high-pressure gas.

[0024] In this embodiment, the preset thickness is 0.2mm ± 0.05mm. In actual testing, the air pressure required to crack a 0.2mm thick fluorosilicone rubber sheet is approximately 0.28-0.41 MPa. This pressure decreases under high-temperature conditions, causing cracks to form and release pressure when the high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated by the arrester core 1 is exposed. The thickness of the explosion-proof insulation layer 4 can be configured based on the actual size of the arrester to calculate the air pressure that may be generated by a failure.

[0025] The preparation method of the arrester core 1 is as follows: In step S11, zinc oxide, bismuth oxide, antimony oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese oxide, chromium oxide, and silicon oxide are weighed in proportion by weight and ball-milled to a particle size of less than 3 μm to obtain a suspension slurry. In this embodiment, the weight ratio of zinc oxide, bismuth oxide, antimony oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese oxide, chromium oxide, and silicon oxide is 94:1:1:1.2:0.6:0.45:0.35:1.4.

[0026] Step S12: spray-dry the suspended slurry to obtain granulated powder, which is then pressed into a valve plate blank under a pressure of 40-50 MPa; and then sintered by gradient temperature increase to obtain a resistor valve plate.

[0027] Among them, gradient sintering is specifically divided into two stages: the first stage: heating to 610±25℃ at a rate of 15-20℃ / min and keeping warm for 1.5-2h; the second stage: heating to 1100±25℃ at a rate of 8-10℃ / min and keeping warm for 2.5-4h.

[0028] Step S13, stack the resistance valve plates in series to form a resistance valve plate column 11, and install a high-voltage electrode 12 and a grounding electrode 13 at both ends of the resistance valve plate column 11 respectively, and install a high-voltage screw 14 and a grounding screw 15 through the end of the high-voltage electrode 12 and the grounding electrode 13 away from the resistance valve plate column 11 respectively to obtain the lightning arrester core 1.

[0029] Step S2: a silicone foam buffer tube 5 with a plurality of openings is sheathed on the outside of the explosion-proof insulation layer 4, and a PTFE film 6 is coated on the surface of the silicone foam buffer tube 5 to obtain a core assembly.

[0030] When the high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the arrester core 1 is transferred to the silicone foam tube 5 through the expansion and rupture of the explosion-proof insulation layer 4, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas will cause the silicone foam to undergo severe compression and deformation, consuming a large amount of energy, and playing a good buffering role. At the same time, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas will also be transferred to the PTFE membrane through its openings. The presence of the PTFE membrane 6 ensures that the foam tube can evenly undergo radial and axial compression deformation when subjected to axial compression, and while allowing the residual high-pressure and high-temperature gas to pass through, it prevents the expanded and fallen silicone foam from being dispersed into the interior of the arrester.

[0031] Combine Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, in step S3, a plurality of pressure release holes 21 are opened on the high-strength insulating sleeve 2, and the high-strength insulating sleeve 2 is sleeved on the outside of the core assembly to obtain a lightning arrester body.

[0032] By setting the pressure release hole 21, the residual high-temperature and high-pressure gas conducted to the inside of the high-strength insulating sleeve 2 by the PTFE membrane 6 can be released in time, and then discharged to the outside of the high-strength insulating sleeve 2, thereby preventing the high-strength insulating sleeve 2 from bursting due to overpressure, enhancing the explosion-proof performance of the high-strength insulating sleeve 2, thereby avoiding catastrophic explosion accidents and improving safety of use.

[0033] Among them, the high-strength insulating sleeve 2 includes a hollow sleeve 22, an upper end plug 23 and a lower end plug 24; and the specific process of the high-strength insulating sleeve 2 being sleeved on the outside of the core assembly is: inserting the lower end plug 24 into one end of the hollow sleeve 22, and making the first external thread on the outer surface of the lower end plug 24 spirally connected with the first internal thread on the inner side of one end of the hollow sleeve 22; then the core assembly is accommodated in the hollow sleeve 22, and then the upper end plug 23 is inserted into the other end of the hollow sleeve 22, and making the second external thread on the outer surface of the upper end plug 23 spirally connected with the second internal thread on the inner side of the other end of the hollow sleeve 22 to obtain the arrester body.

[0034] In actual use, the upper end plug 23 and the lower end plug 24 are each provided with an opening for passing the corresponding screw. The screw is passed through the opening and is threadedly connected to the hollow sleeve 22.

[0035] Between step S3 and step S4, step S301 is also included, in which a prefabricated heat dissipation interlayer 7 is sheathed on the outer side of the arrester body. The provision of the heat dissipation interlayer 7 improves the heat dissipation conduction rate, and can quickly conduct the heat generated by the arrester core 1 to the outside, thereby preventing heat accumulation inside the arrester core 1 from accelerating the thermal aging of the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover 3 and the high-strength insulating sleeve 2, resulting in a decrease in insulation performance. This ensures the performance stability of the arrester core 2, thereby greatly extending the service life of the arrester, reducing the cost of use, and improving the safety of use.

[0036] In step S4, the arrester body is placed in a vulcanized umbrella cover mold and vulcanized silicone rubber is injected to form the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover 3 on the outside of the high-strength insulating sleeve. A number of blind holes 31 that expand and rupture under high pressure are formed on the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover 3, and the inner bottom surfaces of the blind holes 31 are provided with Y-shaped grooves.

[0037] When the high-temperature, high-pressure gas inside reaches the inside of the vulcanized silicone rubber canopy 3 after being weakened by multiple layers, although the peak pressure has been significantly reduced, if the pressure still exceeds the safety threshold, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas pressure will impact the vulcanized silicone rubber canopy 3, causing the weak point of the vulcanized silicone rubber canopy 3, namely the blind hole 31, to expand and rupture, thereby releasing the internal pressure safely and directionally. The Y-shaped groove helps the blind hole 31 rupture in a targeted and rapid manner to release the pressure.

[0038] Among them, in step S4, the specific process of forming the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover 3 includes: Step S41, cleaning and activating the outer surface of the high-strength insulating sleeve 2; Step S42: The arrester body is placed into a vulcanized umbrella mold and locked. Vulcanized silicone rubber is then injected into the mold, gradually heated to a preset temperature, and maintained at this temperature for vulcanization. This gradual temperature increase process gradually activates the vulcanization reaction within the vulcanized silicone rubber, avoiding internal stress concentration or overheating decomposition of the silicone rubber material due to sudden temperature increases. This effectively enhances the surface hydrophobicity and voltage resistance of the prepared vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella, prevents cracking, adapts to different environments, and effectively extends the service life of the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella.

[0039] Among them, in S42, after injecting the vulcanized silicone rubber into the vulcanized umbrella cover mold, gradient heating to a preset temperature and heat preservation vulcanization includes three stages of gradient heating and heat preservation vulcanization, which are: Stage 1: Raise the temperature to 95-100°C at a rate of 1-2°C / min and maintain for 5-15 minutes. A 1-2°C / min temperature increase prevents local overheating, and maintaining for 5-15 minutes ensures the complete decomposition of the vulcanizing agent and the initiation of the cross-linking reaction. Pre-curing at 95-100°C promotes uniform diffusion of the vulcanizing agent into the silicone rubber molecular chains, while preventing premature cross-linking that could lead to decreased fluidity.

[0040] The second stage: heating to 155-160℃ at 3-4℃ / min and keeping warm for 8-20min; by increasing the heating rate to 3-4℃ / min, the process cycle can be shortened, and the temperature of 155-160℃ can accelerate the cross-linking reaction, forming a three-dimensional network structure, and improving the mechanical strength and elasticity of silicone rubber.

[0041] Stage 3: Raise the temperature to 175-180°C at a rate of 1-3°C / min and hold for 5-12 minutes. Raising the temperature to 175-180°C at a rate of 1-3°C / min promotes further rearrangement of the silicone rubber molecular chains, reduces internal defects, and eliminates residual stress. Holding for 5-12 minutes balances vulcanization efficiency and over-vulcanization risk.

[0042] By controlling the temperature in stages, gradual control of the vulcanization reaction is achieved, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover 5 and reducing the energy consumption required for vulcanization.

[0043] Step S43, after stopping heating and cooling to the mold opening temperature, open the vulcanized umbrella cover mold, take out the vulcanized lightning arrester body, and cool it at room temperature to finalize the shape, and finally obtain the lightning arrester body wrapped with the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover 3.

[0044] The present invention provides a preparation method of an explosion-proof lightning arrester. When an internal fault occurs in the arrester core 1 and high-temperature and high-pressure gas is generated, the prepared lightning arrester can expand and crack to transmit air pressure through the explosion-proof insulating layer 4, and squeeze the outer silicone foam tube 5 to compress and deform it and absorb a large amount of energy. The residual air pressure acts on the outer high-strength insulating sleeve 2 evenly and dispersedly through the PTFE membrane 6, and is released through the pressure release hole, and finally impacts the blind hole 31 of the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella sleeve 3 to cause it to rupture and discharge the air pressure, thereby achieving multi-stage attenuation of energy of the high-pressure gas generated when the arrester has an internal fault and then releasing the pressure, avoiding instantaneous energy explosion caused by excessive accumulation of internal pressure, and then causing the arrester to explode violently or physically rupture on the outer surface, effectively improving the efficiency of pressure relief and significantly improving the safety performance of the arrester.

[0045] In some embodiments, the preparation method further includes step S5, in which an anti-ultraviolet coating and a hydrophobic coating (not shown in the figure) are sequentially coated on the outside of the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover 3, which is beneficial to improving the hydrophobicity and anti-ultraviolet performance of the lightning arrester and extending its service life.

[0046] The specific steps of step S5 include: Step S51: evenly spray an addition-type liquid silicone rubber solution containing a UV absorber onto the surface of the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover 3, and let it stand for 5 minutes to form an initial coating. Standing and leveling can eliminate surface tension gradients and prevent shrinkage cavities in the coating.

[0047] Step S52: preheat the initial coating at 80±5°C for 30±5 minutes, then heat it to 120±5°C and cure it for 60±5 minutes to obtain the UV-resistant coating. Gradual heating can effectively prevent the formation of coating bubbles.

[0048] Step S53 , spin-coating a hydrophobic treatment liquid on the surface of the cured anti-ultraviolet coating to form a wet film, wherein the hydrophobic treatment liquid contains tetradecyltrimethoxysilane, ethanol and acetic acid.

[0049] Step S54: After gradient drying, the wet film is cured at 75-85° C. for 20-40 minutes to form the hydrophobic layer. Gradient drying and low-temperature curing prevent high temperature from damaging the alkyl chain orientation, ensuring the orderly arrangement of the hydrophobic groups and improving the quality of the hydrophobic coating.

[0050] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, other modifications and variations may be made based on the contents of this specification. The embodiments selected and specifically described in this specification are intended to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present invention. They are not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple variations of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an explosion-proof lightning arrester, the lightning arrester comprising an arrester core, a high-strength insulating sleeve, and a vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover; characterized in that: The preparation method comprises: S1, spraying fluorosilicone rubber coating on the outer surface of the arrester core at least once, and forming an explosion-proof insulation layer of a preset thickness after curing; S2, a silicone foam buffer cylinder with a plurality of openings is sheathed on the outside of the explosion-proof insulation layer, and a PTFE film is coated on the surface of the silicone foam buffer cylinder to obtain a core assembly; S3, opening a plurality of pressure release holes on the high-strength insulating sleeve, and sleeve the high-strength insulating sleeve on the outside of the core assembly to obtain a lightning arrester body; S4, placing the arrester body in the vulcanized umbrella cover mold, and injecting vulcanized silicone rubber, thereby forming the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover on the outside of the high-strength insulating sleeve, and forming a number of blind holes on the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover that expand and rupture under high pressure, and the inner bottom surface of the blind hole is provided with a Y-shaped groove.

2. The method for preparing an explosion-proof lightning arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the arrester core is specifically as follows: S11, weighing zinc oxide, bismuth oxide, antimony oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese oxide, chromium oxide, and silicon oxide in proportion by weight, and ball-milling the mixture with water until the particle size is less than 3 μm to obtain a suspension slurry; S12, spray-drying the suspended slurry to obtain granulated powder, and then pressing the powder under a pressure of 40-50 MPa to form a valve disc blank; and then sintering the blank by gradient temperature increase to obtain a resistor valve disc; S13. Stack the resistor valve plates in series to form a resistor valve plate column, and install a high-voltage electrode and a grounding electrode at both ends of the resistor valve plate column respectively, and install a high-voltage screw and a grounding screw through the end of the high-voltage electrode and the grounding electrode away from the resistor valve plate column respectively to obtain the arrester core.

3. The method for preparing an explosion-proof lightning arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1 , the preset thickness is 0.2 mm ± 0.05 mm.

4. The method for preparing an explosion-proof lightning arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S12, the gradient sintering is specifically divided into two stages: Stage 1: Heat to 610±25℃ at a rate of 15-20℃ / min and keep warm for 1.5-2h; The second stage: raise the temperature to 1100±25℃ at a rate of 8-10℃ / min and keep warm for 2.5-4h.

5. The method for preparing an explosion-proof lightning arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the high-strength insulating sleeve includes a hollow sleeve, an upper end plug and a lower end plug; and the specific process of the high-strength insulating sleeve being sleeved on the outside of the core assembly is as follows: Insert the lower end plug into one end of the hollow sleeve, and make the first external thread on the outer surface of the lower end plug spirally connected with the first internal thread on the inner side of one end of the hollow sleeve; then accommodate the core assembly in the hollow sleeve, and then insert the upper end plug into the other end of the hollow sleeve, and make the second external thread on the outer surface of the upper end plug spirally connected with the second internal thread on the inner side of the other end of the hollow sleeve to obtain the arrester body.

6. The method for preparing an explosion-proof lightning arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the specific process of forming the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover includes: S41. Clean and activate the outer surface of the high-strength insulating sleeve; S42, placing the arrester body into a vulcanized umbrella cover mold and locking it, then injecting vulcanized silicone rubber into the vulcanized umbrella cover mold, heating it gradually to a preset temperature, and maintaining the temperature for vulcanization; S43, after stopping heating and cooling to the mold opening temperature, opening the vulcanized umbrella cover mold, taking out the vulcanized lightning arrester body, and cooling and shaping at room temperature, finally obtaining the lightning arrester body wrapped with the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover.

7. The method for preparing an explosion-proof lightning arrester according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S42, after the vulcanized silicone rubber is injected into the vulcanized umbrella cover mold, the step of gradient heating to a preset temperature and heat preservation vulcanization includes three stages of gradient heating and heat preservation vulcanization, namely: Stage 1: Heat to 95-100°C at 1-2°C / min and keep warm for 5-15 minutes; The second stage: heating to 155-160℃ at 3-4℃ / min and keeping warm for 8-20min; The third stage: heat up to 175-180℃ at 1-3℃ / min and keep warm for 5-12 minutes.

8. The method for preparing an explosion-proof lightning arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further includes step S5 of coating an anti-ultraviolet coating and a hydrophobic coating on the outer side of the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover in sequence.

9. The method for preparing an explosion-proof lightning arrester according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specific steps of step S5 include: S51, evenly spraying an addition-type liquid silicone rubber solution containing a UV absorber on the surface of the vulcanized silicone rubber umbrella cover, and letting it stand for 5 minutes to form an initial coating; S52, preheating the initial coating at a temperature of 80±5° C. for 30±5 minutes, then heating to 120±5° C. and curing for 60±5 minutes to obtain the anti-ultraviolet coating; S53, spin-coating a hydrophobic treatment liquid on the surface of the cured anti-ultraviolet coating to form a wet film, wherein the hydrophobic treatment liquid comprises tetradecyltrimethoxysilane, ethanol, and acetic acid; S54, drying the wet film by gradient drying, and curing the film at 75-85° C. for 20-40 minutes to form the hydrophobic layer.

10. The method for preparing an explosion-proof lightning arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further includes step S301 between step S3 and step S4, wherein a prefabricated heat dissipation interlayer is sleeved on the outer side of the arrester body.

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