Vehicle-mounted PCB antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted PCB antenna which comprises a PCB dielectric substrate, a first antenna module, a second antenna module and a signal processing module, the first antenna module and the second antenna module preferably adopt T-shaped antennas, and the signal processing module adopts an inverter. By arranging the pair of T-shaped antennas in mirror symmetry, omnidirectional radiation of electromagnetic beams can be realized, and a circular omnidirectional radiation field shape is formed on the horizontal plane where the PCB dielectric substrate is located. Moreover, the phase inverter enables the T-shaped antenna in mirror symmetry to form two parts of current: one part of current is parallel to the long side of the PCB dielectric substrate and counteracts with each other so as not to generate radiation; and the other part of current is parallel to the short edge of the PCB dielectric substrate and is superposed on the two T-shaped antennas along the same direction, so that the two T-shaped antennas form the current of the dipole antenna. The antenna current superposed in the short side direction is not influenced by the induction current of the wire harness, so that the electromagnetic beam offset phenomenon is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted antennas, and in particular to a vehicle-mounted PCB antenna. Background Art

[0002] The development of new energy light commercial vehicles is attracting increasing attention from domestic manufacturers. Currently, control systems for these vehicles are becoming increasingly intelligent, incorporating a wide range of modern technologies. Consequently, these vehicles often incorporate PCB antennas and digital keys built into the vehicle handlebars to enable control, communication, and interaction.

[0003] However, due to the limited space inside the handle, the actual size of the PCB installed in the handle is very small, resulting in the following technical problems:

[0004] 1. If Figure 1 As shown, due to the narrow and long shape of the PCB board, the PCB antenna produces a narrow beam, and the field pattern is naturally narrow.

[0005] 2. If Figure 1 As shown, the door handle has a wiring harness, the presence of which will cause the electromagnetic beam to deviate toward the wiring harness direction. Therefore, when a person approaches the door handle, the electromagnetic beam will deviate to one side, causing control failure.

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to invent a vehicle-mounted PCB antenna suitable for use in a vehicle door handle in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the technical problems of narrow electromagnetic beam and beam deviation, such as the aforementioned prior art PCB antennas, when applied to vehicle door handles, the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted PCB antenna that can generate a circular omnidirectional radiation field in the horizontal direction and form an induced current that is not interfered with by the wiring harness, thereby avoiding electromagnetic beam deviation.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the problem is:

[0009] A vehicle-mounted PCB antenna, comprising:

[0010] A PCB dielectric substrate, wherein the PCB dielectric substrate comprises a long side and a short side;

[0011] A first antenna module and a second antenna module are provided on the PCB dielectric substrate, wherein the first antenna module and the second antenna module are provided on both sides of the PCB dielectric substrate along the short side direction;

[0012] a signal processing module provided on the PCB dielectric substrate, the signal processing module being coupled to the first antenna module and the second antenna module;

[0013] The signal processing module is used to enable the first antenna module and the second antenna module to respectively form first currents along the short side and in the same direction.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the first and second antenna modules, distributed along the short sides of the PCB dielectric substrate, form a dipole antenna. When current flows through the two antenna modules, the electromagnetic fields generated by the two antenna modules overlap and interfere with each other in space, resulting in uniform electromagnetic wave radiation intensity in all directions along the horizontal plane of the PCB dielectric substrate, thereby forming an omnidirectional radiation field with minimal non-circularity. A signal processing module coupled to the first and second antenna modules is configured to cause the two antenna modules to generate currents in the same direction, parallel to the short sides of the PCB dielectric substrate. The antenna currents superimposed along the short sides are unaffected by the induced currents of the wiring harness connected to the PCB dielectric substrate, thus preventing electromagnetic beam deviation.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the first antenna module and the second antenna module are symmetrically arranged on both sides of a center line of the PCB dielectric substrate along the long side direction.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the first antenna module and the second antenna module have a mirror-symmetrical structure on the PCB dielectric substrate, and the distribution of current in the two antennas is also mirror-symmetrical, which makes the electromagnetic field generated in space also symmetrical. This symmetry further makes the radiation characteristics of the two antenna modules in all directions tend to be consistent, forming an omnidirectional radiation field with less non-circularity.

[0017] As a preferred solution, the first antenna module and the second antenna module both include a vertical portion and a horizontal portion, the vertical portion is connected to the horizontal portion and coupled to the signal processing module, the vertical portion is parallel to the short side direction, and the horizontal portion is parallel to the long side direction; wherein, the signal processing module is used to make the vertical portion form a first current along the short side direction and in the same direction.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the two second currents formed by the horizontal parts of the two antenna modules are along the long side direction and in opposite directions, and eventually cancel each other out, and no radiation is generated; the two first currents formed by the vertical parts of the two antenna modules are along the short side direction and in the same direction, and eventually superimposed to form the current of the dipole antenna formed by the two antennas. The induced current in this direction is not affected by the induced current of the wiring harness connected to the PCB dielectric substrate, so that the electromagnetic beam deviation phenomenon will not occur.

[0019] As a preferred solution, the horizontal portion includes a first horizontal portion and a second horizontal portion, and the first horizontal portion and the second horizontal portion are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical portion.

[0020] In the above technical solution, the first horizontal portion and the second horizontal portion are mirror-symmetrical structures, and the distribution of current in the two horizontal portions is also mirror-symmetrical, which makes the induced currents formed by the two equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, ultimately canceling each other out and generating no electromagnetic radiation.

[0021] As a preferred solution, both the first antenna module and the second antenna module are single-stage T-shaped antennas.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the current signal generated by the coupling of the signal processing module flows into the vertical part of the single-stage T-shaped antenna and flows along the two horizontal arms of the antenna to the two ends, ultimately causing the combined radiation of the two single-stage T-shaped antennas to produce an omnidirectional radiation field that tends to be circular.

[0023] As a preferred solution, the signal processing module includes a coupling slot and a signal transmission line, the coupling slot is parallel to the long side direction, and the signal transmission line is connected to the vertical portion and coupled to the coupling slot.

[0024] In the above technical solution, the coupling gap is used to form two third currents (i.e., anti-phase currents) along the long side and in opposite directions. Through electromagnetic coupling with the signal transmission line, anti-phase current signals are input to the first antenna module and the second antenna module respectively. Since the two antenna modules are arranged inverted relative to each other (i.e., the structure and layout are mirror-symmetrical), the current directions formed in the vertical parts of the two antenna modules are the same, forming a superposition effect.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment, the signal processing module further includes a first conductor, a second conductor, and a feed signal line, wherein the first conductor and the second conductor are parallel to the long side direction, the coupling slot is located between the first conductor and the second conductor, and the feed signal line is led out from the first conductor and connected to the second conductor for grounding; wherein the first conductor, the second conductor, and the feed signal line are used to form two third currents in the coupling slot along the long side direction and in opposite directions.

[0026] In the above technical solution, both the first conductor and the second conductor are metal strips, wherein the second conductor is used as a metal ground, and the feed signal line is connected between the first conductor and the second conductor. When the current is transmitted through the feed signal line, a specific electromagnetic field distribution is formed in the coupling gap between the first conductor and the second conductor, so that the coupling gap serves as an interface for electromagnetic coupling, becoming a key link in realizing subsequent electromagnetic coupling and signal transmission, and utilizing the principle of electromagnetic coupling to achieve efficient energy transfer.

[0027] As a preferred solution, the signal transmission line is a coupled microstrip line, and at least a portion of the structure of the coupled microstrip line is respectively arranged on both sides of the coupling gap.

[0028] In the above technical solution, the coupled microstrip line serves as the carrier for signal transmission between the signal processing module and the two antenna modules. It receives the energy generated by the coupling gap through electromagnetic coupling and transmits it to the two antenna modules, thereby realizing effective energy transfer and ensuring signal interaction between different parts of the entire antenna system.

[0029] As a preferred solution, the first conductor and the second conductor are metal strips, and the second conductor is used as a metal ground, so that the feeding signal line is led out from the first conductor and connected to the second conductor to achieve grounding.

[0030] In the above technical solution, when current flows through the gap, a changing electromagnetic field is generated around the gap. These electromagnetic fields interact with the coupled microstrip lines, and through electromagnetic induction and field coupling effects, energy is transferred from the gap to the coupled microstrip lines, thereby realizing effective energy transmission.

[0031] As a preferred solution, the signal processing module is an inverter, which is used to generate two anti-phase current signals and transfer energy to the two antenna modules through electromagnetic coupling.

[0032] In summary, the vehicle-mounted PCB antenna provided by the present invention comprises two mirror-symmetrical T-shaped antennas and an inverter to form an antenna system, and the specific implementation principle is as follows:

[0033] An anti-phase current is formed by the inverter, and the anti-phase current transfers energy to the two T-shaped antennas through electromagnetic coupling, so that the current distribution of the mirror-symmetrical T-shaped antenna forms the radiation characteristics of a dipole antenna.

[0034] Compared with the existing vehicle-mounted PCB antenna, the present invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0035] 1) By setting up a pair of mirror-symmetrical T-shaped antennas (inverted to each other), omnidirectional radiation of electromagnetic wave beams can be achieved, forming a circular omnidirectional radiation field on the horizontal plane where the PCB dielectric substrate is located.

[0036] 2) The inverter creates two currents in the mirror-symmetrical T-shaped antenna: one current flows parallel to the long side of the PCB substrate, canceling each other out and preventing radiation. The other current flows parallel to the short side of the PCB substrate, superimposing in the same direction on both T-shaped antennas, forming a dipole antenna. The superimposed current along the short side is unaffected by the induced current in the wiring harness, preventing electromagnetic beam deviation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the electromagnetic wave beam of a conventional vehicle-mounted PCB antenna being affected by a wiring harness;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing that the electromagnetic wave beam of the vehicle-mounted PCB antenna of the present invention is not affected by the wiring harness;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the vehicle-mounted PCB antenna of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a front view of the vehicle-mounted PCB antenna of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the reverse side of the vehicle-mounted PCB antenna of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 The antenna field pattern radiated by the vehicle-mounted PCB antenna of the present invention;

[0043] The meanings of the reference numerals are as follows:

[0044] 1. PCB dielectric substrate; 2. First antenna module; 3. Second antenna module; 4. Signal processing module; 41. Coupling slot; 42. Signal transmission line; 43. First conductor; 44. Second conductor; 45. Feed signal line; 5. Vertical portion; 6. Horizontal portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] For better understanding and implementation, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0048] See also Figure 1As shown, the on-board PCB antenna for vehicle door handles in the prior art is limited by the narrow and long PCB board. The PCB antenna generates a narrow beam and is affected by the current of the wiring harness connected to the PCB, causing the electromagnetic beam to deviate in the direction of the wiring harness, resulting in control failure.

[0049] Based on this, see Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted PCB antenna suitable for use with door handles. This vehicle-mounted PCB antenna comprises two mirror-symmetrical T-shaped antennas and an inverter to form an antenna system. The inverter causes the mirror-symmetrical T-shaped antennas to generate currents parallel to the short sides of the PCB dielectric substrate. This current is superimposed in the same direction on the two T-shaped antennas, forming a dipole antenna. In this case, the superimposed antenna currents along the short sides are not affected by the induced currents of the wiring harness, thus preventing electromagnetic beam deviation.

[0050] In addition, an anti-phase current is formed by the inverter, and the anti-phase current transfers energy to the two T-shaped antennas through electromagnetic coupling, so that the current distribution of the mirror-symmetrical T-shaped antenna forms the radiation characteristics of a dipole antenna, and finally radiates in the horizontal plane to form an omnidirectional radiation field that tends to be circular.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] In a first embodiment of the present invention, a specific structural design scheme for the first antenna module 2 and the second antenna module 3 of a vehicle-mounted PCB antenna is provided.

[0053] See also Figure 3 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the vehicle-mounted PCB antenna includes a PCB dielectric substrate 1 and a first antenna module 2 , a second antenna module 3 and a signal processing module 4 arranged on the PCB dielectric substrate 1 .

[0054] The PCB dielectric substrate 1 includes a long side and a short side, and the long side is longer than the short side, so that the PCB dielectric substrate 1 has a long strip plate structure. Figure 3 As shown, the long side direction is Figure 3 The X-axis direction shown is the short side direction. Figure 3 The Y-axis direction is shown.

[0055] See also Figure 3 As shown, the first antenna module 2 and the second antenna module 3 are distributed on both sides of the PCB dielectric substrate 1 along the short side direction (i.e., along the Y-axis direction). The first antenna module 2 and the second antenna module 3 form a dipole antenna. When current flows through the first antenna module 2 and the second antenna module 3, the electromagnetic fields generated by the two antenna modules overlap and interfere with each other in space, resulting in the same electromagnetic wave radiation intensity in all directions on the horizontal plane of the PCB dielectric substrate 1, thus forming an omnidirectional radiation field with minimal non-circularity.

[0056] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the signal processing module 4 is coupled with the first antenna module 2 and the second antenna module 3, and is used to make the first antenna module 2 and the second antenna module 3 generate a first current (i.e., a first current) in the same direction along the short side of the PCB dielectric substrate 1. Figure 4 The first current is parallel to the short side direction of the PCB dielectric substrate 1, and the antenna current superimposed in the short side direction is not affected by the induced current of the harness connected to the PCB dielectric substrate 1, so that the electromagnetic beam deviation phenomenon does not occur.

[0057] See also Figure 3-Figure 5 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of this invention, the first antenna module 2 and the second antenna module 3 are symmetrically arranged on either side of the centerline of the PCB dielectric substrate 1 along its longitudinal direction (i.e., along the X-axis). Specifically, the first antenna module 2 and the second antenna module 3 are arranged in a mirror-symmetric structure on the PCB dielectric substrate 1, resulting in mirror-symmetric current distribution in the two antenna modules. This also results in symmetry in the electromagnetic fields generated by the two antenna modules in space. This symmetry further ensures that the radiation characteristics of the first antenna module 2 and the second antenna module 3 in all directions on the horizontal plane of the PCB dielectric substrate 1 are consistent, forming an omnidirectional radiation pattern with minimal non-circularity.

[0058] See also Figure 4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the first antenna module 2 and the second antenna module 3 each include a vertical portion 5 and a horizontal portion 6. The vertical portion 5 and the horizontal portion 6 are connected and coupled to the signal processing module 4. The vertical portion 5 is parallel to the short side, and the horizontal portion 6 is parallel to the long side. The signal processing module 4 is configured to cause the vertical portion 5 to generate a first current along the short side of the PCB dielectric substrate 1. Furthermore, the signal processing module 4 can cause the horizontal portion 6 to generate two second currents along the long side of the PCB dielectric substrate 1 in opposite directions. These two second currents cancel each other out, thus preventing radiation.

[0059] Specifically, the two second currents formed by the horizontal portions 6 of the first antenna module 2 and the second antenna module 3 are respectively along the long side direction of the PCB dielectric substrate 1 (ie Figure 4 The two first currents formed by the vertical parts 5 of the first antenna module 2 and the second antenna module 3 are respectively along the short side direction (i.e. Figure 4 The induced current in this direction is not affected by the induced current of the wiring harness connected to the PCB dielectric substrate 1, so that the electromagnetic beam deviation phenomenon does not occur.

[0060] Further, see Figure 4 As shown, horizontal portion 6 includes a first horizontal portion and a second horizontal portion, symmetrically arranged on either side of the centerline of vertical portion 5 along the short side of PCB dielectric substrate 1. Based on the above structural design, the first and second horizontal portions are arranged in mirror-image symmetry, resulting in mirror-image symmetry in the current distribution in the first and second horizontal portions. This ensures that the induced currents generated by the two portions are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, ultimately canceling each other out and eliminating electromagnetic radiation.

[0061] In an optional solution of this embodiment, both the first antenna module 2 and the second antenna module 3 employ single-stage T-shaped antennas. The pins or connection points of the two single-stage T-shaped antennas are directly soldered to the PCB dielectric substrate 1. The current signal generated by coupling by the signal processing module 4 flows from the vertical portions (i.e., vertical portion 5) of the two single-stage T-shaped antennas and flows along the two horizontal arms (i.e., horizontal portion 6) of the antennas toward the two ends, ultimately causing the two single-stage T-shaped antennas to radiate a combined, omnidirectional radiation pattern that approaches a circular shape.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] In the second embodiment of the present invention, a specific structural design scheme for the signal processing module 4 of the vehicle-mounted PCB antenna is provided on the basis of the first embodiment.

[0064] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the signal processing module 4 includes a coupling slot 41 and a signal transmission line 42. The coupling slot 41 is parallel to the long side direction of the PCB dielectric substrate 1. The signal transmission line 42 is connected to the vertical portion 5 of the first antenna module 2 and the second antenna module 3, and is coupled to the coupling slot 41. Specifically, the coupling slot 41 is used to form two long side directions (i.e. Figure 5 A third current (direction c shown) and in opposite directions, i.e., two anti-phase currents, is electromagnetically coupled with signal transmission line 42 to input anti-phase current signals to first antenna module 2 and second antenna module 3, respectively. Since first antenna module 2 and second antenna module 3 are inverted relative to each other (i.e., their structures and layouts are mirror-symmetrical), the currents formed in the vertical portions 5 of the two antenna modules have the same direction, resulting in a superposition effect. Furthermore, the induced current in this direction is not affected by the induced current of the wiring harness connected to PCB dielectric substrate 1, thus preventing electromagnetic beam deviation.

[0065] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the signal processing module 4 further includes a first conductor 43, a second conductor 44, and a feed signal line 45. The first conductor 43 and the second conductor 44 are parallel to the longitudinal direction. The coupling slot is located between the first conductor 43 and the second conductor 44. The feed signal line is led out from the first conductor 43 and connected to the second conductor 44 for grounding. The first conductor 43, the second conductor 44, and the feed signal line are used to form two third currents in opposite directions along the longitudinal direction of the PCB dielectric substrate 1 in the coupling slot 41.

[0066] Specifically, the feed signal line 45 is connected between the first conductor 43 and the second conductor 44. When current is transmitted through the feed signal line 45, a specific electromagnetic field distribution is formed in the coupling gap 41 between the first conductor 43 and the second conductor 44, so that the coupling gap 41 serves as an interface for electromagnetic coupling, becoming a key link in achieving subsequent electromagnetic coupling and signal transmission between the two antenna modules, and utilizing the principle of electromagnetic coupling to achieve efficient energy transfer.

[0067] Optionally, both the first conductor 43 and the second conductor 44 may be metal strips, and the second conductor 44 is used as a metal ground.

[0068] Further, see Figure 4 As shown, signal transmission line 42 is a coupled microstrip line, at least part of which is located on either side of coupling slot 41 along the short side of PCB dielectric substrate 1. The coupled microstrip line serves as a carrier for signal transmission between signal processing module 4 and first antenna module 2 and second antenna module 3. It receives energy generated by coupling slot 41 through electromagnetic coupling and transmits it to the two antenna modules, thereby achieving efficient energy transfer and ensuring signal interaction between different components of the entire antenna system.

[0069] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coupling slot 41 includes a slot provided between a first conductor 43 and a second conductor 44. Specifically, when the current generated by the coupling slot 41 flows through the slot, a changing electromagnetic field is generated around the slot. This electromagnetic field interacts with the signal transmission line 42, and through electromagnetic induction and field coupling effects, energy is transferred from the slot to the signal transmission line 42, thereby achieving efficient energy transmission.

[0070] In an optional solution of this embodiment, the signal processing module 4 is an inverter, which is used to generate two anti-phase current signals and transfer energy to the first antenna module 2 and the second antenna module 3 respectively through electromagnetic coupling.

[0071] The technical means disclosed in the solutions of the present invention are not limited to those disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiments, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above-mentioned technical features. It should be noted that those skilled in the art may make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted PCB antenna, characterized in that: include: A PCB dielectric substrate, wherein the PCB dielectric substrate comprises a long side and a short side; A first antenna module and a second antenna module are provided on the PCB dielectric substrate, wherein the first antenna module and the second antenna module are provided on both sides of the PCB dielectric substrate along the short side direction; a signal processing module provided on the PCB dielectric substrate, the signal processing module being coupled to the first antenna module and the second antenna module; The signal processing module is used to enable the first antenna module and the second antenna module to respectively form first currents along the short side and in the same direction.

2. The vehicle-mounted PCB antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first antenna module and the second antenna module are symmetrically arranged on both sides of a center line of the PCB dielectric substrate along the long side direction.

3. The vehicle-mounted PCB antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first antenna module and the second antenna module each include a vertical portion and a horizontal portion, the vertical portion is connected to the horizontal portion and coupled to the signal processing module, the vertical portion is parallel to the short side direction, and the horizontal portion is parallel to the long side direction; wherein, the signal processing module is used to enable the two vertical portions to form a first current along the short side direction and in the same direction.

4. The vehicle-mounted PCB antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The horizontal portion includes a first horizontal portion and a second horizontal portion, and the first horizontal portion and the second horizontal portion are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical portion.

5. The vehicle-mounted PCB antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first antenna module and the second antenna module are both single-stage T-shaped antennas.

6. The vehicle-mounted PCB antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The signal processing module includes a coupling slot and a signal transmission line. The coupling slot is parallel to the long side direction. The signal transmission line is connected to the vertical portion and coupled to the coupling slot.

7. The vehicle-mounted PCB antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The signal processing module further includes a first conductor, a second conductor, and a feed signal line, wherein the first conductor and the second conductor are parallel to the long side direction, the coupling slot is located between the first conductor and the second conductor, and the feed signal line is led out from the first conductor and connected to the second conductor for grounding; wherein the first conductor, the second conductor, and the feed signal line are configured to cause the coupling slot to form two third currents along the long side direction and in opposite directions.

8. The vehicle-mounted PCB antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The signal transmission line is a coupled microstrip line, and at least a portion of the structure of the coupled microstrip line is respectively arranged on both sides of the coupling gap.

9. The vehicle-mounted PCB antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first conductor and the second conductor are both metal strips, and the second conductor is a metal ground.

10. The vehicle-mounted PCB antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The signal processing module is an inverter.

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