Citrus long-branch lateral bud fruit-bearing cultivation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a citrus long branch lateral bud fruit bearing cultivation method, and relates to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, and the method comprises the following steps: sapling field planting and initial stage management; culturing a secondary mother branch; lateral bud fruit-bearing branches are cultivated; nutrition regulation and control and flowering phase management; and maintaining in a fruiting period. According to the method, a secondary mother branch lateral bud technology is utilized for culturing, so that nutrition can be fully distributed to each flower bud point to enable fruits to grow uniformly, secondary mother branches are selectively reserved from the positions of sapling trunks or main branches, lateral bud fruiting branches are cultured, simple cutting is not needed any more, precise nutrition regulation is matched, vegetative growth is promoted to be converted into reproductive growth, and the survival rate of the sapling is increased. A three-dimensional layered fruit hanging tree shape is formed, long branches capable of hanging bunched fruits are obtained, the three-dimensional layered fruit hanging tree shape is formed by selectively reserving secondary mother branches, the problems that in traditional cultivation, the utilization rate of branches is low, and fruiting parts are uneven are solved, the yield is increased by 20%-30%, the fruit quality is remarkably improved, and the method can play an important role in solving the problem of citrus biennial growth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, in particular to a citrus long-branch side bud fruit-bearing cultivation method. Background Art

[0002] Low branch utilization and uneven fruiting are common problems in traditional citrus cultivation. Conventional pruning methods often simply remove long branches, primarily using short-cut pruning. Branches over 50 cm in length are considered overgrown and are removed. This reduces the tree's effective photosynthetic area and removes a large number of potential fruiting areas. Due to apical dominance, unregulated fruiting branches tend to be concentrated on the periphery of the canopy, resulting in "surface fruiting" and a hollow interior, limiting yield. Furthermore, uneven nutrient distribution can lead to alternate bearing cycles and uneven fruit quality.

[0003] Although there are targeted pruning methods in the prior art, they fail to systematically address the coordination problem between branch utilization and nutrient allocation. For example, CN108684412A describes a branch bending technique for sugar oranges that can change branch angles, but does not establish a hierarchical nutrient delivery system. Furthermore, simple physical branch bending may cause the growth of branches above the bending site to decline. Existing products, especially for special varieties such as Xinhui mandarin oranges, have additional technical difficulties due to their flexible branches, such as the need for manual hanging of branches during the fruit expansion period, the tendency of fruiting branches to split, and the tendency of traditional pruning to cause sunburn, in terms of nutrient allocation. Generally speaking, the problems existing in the prior art include the imbalance between vegetative growth and reproductive growth, the conflict between apical dominance and lateral bud initiation, and the contradiction between annual yield and sustained high yield, which have restricted the further development of the orchard industry.

[0004] In view of this, we conducted in-depth research on the above issues, which led to the emergence of this case. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating citrus long branches and side buds with fruit, so as to solve the problem of the above-mentioned background technology that fails to systematically solve the coordination between branch utilization and nutrient distribution.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for cultivating citrus long-branch lateral buds with fruit, comprising the following steps: S1: Planting and initial management of young trees: After planting, apply 80-120 grams of organic active peptide compound fertilizer to each tree to promote root growth, and use the one-shoot, two-fertilizer, three-drug control program to cultivate new shoots. No pruning is required during this process; S2: Construction of the secondary mother branch system: When the tree reaches a height of 65-75 cm, cultivate the first layer of secondary mother branches 15-25 cm above the main trunk, and maintain the horizontal angle between adjacent secondary mother branches at 90-120 degrees to form a three-pronged balanced tree shape; S3: Layered space control: The spacing between the second and higher layers of secondary mother branches should be controlled at 30-50cm, which is conducive to photosynthesis and ventilation and reduces the occurrence of pests and diseases. Too low and too dense is not conducive to ventilation and lighting, which may increase pest control. Too high will affect the yield. The ratio of the length of the secondary mother branches to the tree height is 1:0.8-1.5, generally 1.25 times the height of the tree. For example, if the tree is 1 meter high, the length of the secondary mother branches is about 1.25 meters, and the longest does not exceed 1.5 meters. S4: Precision cultivation of lateral buds and fruit-bearing branches: Select strong secondary mother branches with a diameter of 5-8 mm, retain 3-5 lateral buds on each branch, and the spacing between lateral buds is 8-15 cm; S5: Nutritional directional induction: During the lateral bud germination period, apply organic active peptide compound fertilizer 200-300g / plant to the roots, and spray foliar fertilizer with a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of 3:1:1 on the leaves, with a concentration of 800-1000 times; S6: Reproductive growth transformation: When the lateral buds and branches are semi-lignified, spray 300-500 times potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 800-1000 times compound amino acid solution 2-3 times continuously, with an interval of 7-10 days; S7: Fruiting branch shaping management: Cultivate mature lateral buds into 25-45 cm fruiting branches, and tie them together to form a vertical arrangement with an angle of 60-80 degrees to the main trunk; S8: Flowering and fruiting period regulation: spray 0.1% brassinolide 2000 times + 0.01% gibberellin during the first physiological fruit drop period, and spray 0.5% amino acid calcium 1000 times during the second physiological fruit drop period; S9: Control of uneven bearing: In uneven bearing years, remove 30% to 40% of young fruits, leaving 4 to 6 fruits per branch; in uneven bearing years, spray 0.2% borax + 0.1% zinc sulfate. S10: Post-harvest renewal pruning: retain 2 to 3 buds at the base of the current year's fruiting branches and prune them short to promote the growth of new fruiting mother branches.

[0007] Preferably, the organic active peptide compound fertilizer in step S1 contains the following components in weight percentage: 30% to 40% humic acid, 15% to 20% amino acids, total NPK ≥ 25%, and 2% to 3% trace elements.

[0008] Preferably, the selection criteria for the secondary mother branches in step S2 are: branch tip thickness 4-6 mm, internode length 3-5 cm, and leaves that are dark green, thick, and free of disease spots.

[0009] Preferably, when cultivating the lateral bud fruit-bearing branches in step S4, weak branches and diseased branches shall not be selected as secondary mother branches.

[0010] Preferably, in step S5, the root topdressing is carried out by applying fertilizer in a circular trench with a depth of 15 to 20 cm and a distance of 30 to 40 cm from the tree trunk, and the fertilizer is covered with a 2 to 3 cm soil layer.

[0011] Preferably, the composite amino acid in step S6 comprises glutamic acid, proline and arginine, and the content ratio of the three amino acids is controlled at 2:1:1.

[0012] Preferably, the binding material in step S7 is a nylon binding tape with a width of 1 to 1.5 cm, and the binding tightness is such that the index finger can be inserted.

[0013] Preferably, in step S8, the first fruit retention is performed when 70% of the flowers have fallen, and the second fruit retention is performed when the first physiological fruit drop ends.

[0014] Preferably, the fruit thinning in step S9 is performed twice, the first time to remove diseased and insect-infested fruits and deformed fruits, and the second time to remove overcrowded fruits and small fruits.

[0015] Preferably, the method is applicable to Xinhui mandarin oranges, Wogan oranges, and Jinqiu tangerines that are more than 2 years old, wherein the number of branches left per plant of Xinhui mandarin oranges is controlled at 80 to 100, that of Wogan oranges is controlled at 60 to 80, and that of Jinqiu tangerines is controlled at 100 to 120.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, this method of cultivating citrus fruit bearing through long branches and side buds, by cultivating and utilizing secondary mother branch side bud technology, allows each flower bud to fully distribute nutrients and evenly grow the fruit. Secondary mother branches are left on the trunk or main branch of the young tree, and are no longer simply pruned off. Instead, they are encouraged to shift from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, forming three-dimensional fruit-bearing and long branches capable of bearing clusters of fruit, significantly increasing yield. This technology has significant effects on branch processing, nutrient distribution application, and the problem of alternate bearing. Specifically, it includes: 1. The long branch side bud fruiting technology is achieved through the rational use of secondary mother branches and other branches; Traditional citrus trees grow conservatively, and the different budding times of each bud lead to uncertain demand changes during the same phenological period. For example, during the flowering period, all buds ready to bear fruit must be full. However, if they fail to reach maturity due to different budding times, flower buds will not easily form, and no flowers or fruit will be formed, which will easily affect yield. The present invention focuses on cultivating some secondary mother branches, not selecting weak or diseased branches as secondary mother branches, removing all unnecessary branches, and pruning the remaining strong branches to an appropriate length. This concentrates energy to ensure that all secondary mother branches can reach the conditions for flowering and fruiting during the same phenological period, thereby effectively increasing yield.

[0017] 2. Ensure nutrient distribution through precise fertilization, pest and disease control and other management measures; The traditional method is that all branches, whether useful or useless, need nutrients. For example, in the traditional cultivation process, there are 100 branches, and only 50 of them may reach the standard of fruiting. However, the fertilizer energy of the 100 branches must be consumed, thereby increasing the planting cost. If there are precisely 60 strong branches with fruit, the required cost will be reduced and effective. The long branch lateral bud fruiting of the present invention breaks the traditional top supply. The branches must be selected and the branches with long branch lateral bud fruiting are sprayed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate and compound amino acids at least twice on the leaves to switch from nutrient supply to reproductive growth, so that each flower bud point can get sufficient nutrition and reach the best state. At the same time, with regard to disease and insect pest control, the prevention and control work of tangerine trees is more effective in treating diseases and insects under well-ventilated environment conditions and when the number of secondary mother branches is relatively reduced, and the corresponding dosage of the application is reduced.

[0018] The present invention's citrus long-branch lateral bud fruiting technology is an innovative cultivation method that breaks with traditional citrus pruning and fruiting concepts. Through special branch treatment and supporting management measures, it achieves improved citrus yield and quality. Specific technical advantages include: Increased yield: By rationally utilizing long branches, the number of fruit-bearing areas increases, resulting in a more even distribution of fruit, thereby increasing both the yield per plant and the total yield of the orchard. For example, in some citrus orchards using long-branch fruiting technology, yields have increased by 20% to 30% compared to traditional cultivation methods.

[0019] Improved quality: The fruit is able to fully receive light and nutrients from the long branches and side buds, resulting in uniform fruit size, bright color, increased soluble solids content, sweeter taste, and significantly improved quality.

[0020] Cost savings: unnecessary branch pruning and top removal work is reduced, reducing labor costs; at the same time, reasonable fertilization and pest and disease control measures also improve fertilizer utilization and control effects, reducing production costs.

[0021] The citrus long-branch lateral bud fruiting technology, combined with branch handling techniques and supporting management measures, not only improves citrus yield and quality but also plays a significant role in resolving the issue of alternate bearing in citrus. This long-branch lateral bud fruiting technology is expected to be more widely applied in the citrus industry, making a greater contribution to its high-quality development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of comparative data between the embodiment of the present invention and the traditional method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides the following technical solutions: Example 1

[0025] A method for cultivating citrus long-branch side buds with fruit bearing comprises the following steps: S1: Planting and initial management of young trees: After planting, apply 100 grams of organic active peptide compound fertilizer to each tree to promote root growth, and adopt a one-tip, two-fertilizer, three-drug control program to cultivate new shoots. No pruning is required during this process; the organic active peptide compound fertilizer contains the following components in weight percentage: 30% humic acid, 15% amino acids, 25% total NPK, and 2% trace elements.

[0026] S2: Construction of secondary mother branch system: When the tree height reaches 70 cm, cultivate the first layer of secondary mother branches 20 cm above the ground on the trunk, and keep the horizontal angle between adjacent secondary mother branches at 90° to form a three-pronged balanced tree shape; the selection criteria for secondary mother branches are: branch thickness 4 mm, internode length 3 cm, dark green and thick leaves without disease spots.

[0027] S3: Layered space control: The spacing between the second and higher layers of secondary mother branches should be controlled at 35cm, which is conducive to photosynthesis and ventilation and reduces the occurrence of pests and diseases. Too low and too dense is not conducive to ventilation and lighting, which may increase pest control. Too high will affect the yield. The length of the secondary mother branches is generally 1.25 times the height of the tree. For example, if the tree is 1 meter high, the length of the secondary mother branches is about 1.25 meters, and the longest does not exceed 1.5 meters. S4: Precision cultivation of lateral buds and fruit-bearing branches: Select strong secondary mother branches with a diameter of 6mm, retain 4 lateral buds on each branch, and the distance between the lateral buds is 8cm; when cultivating lateral buds and fruit-bearing branches, weak branches and diseased branches shall not be selected as secondary mother branches.

[0028] S5: Nutritional directional induction: During the lateral bud germination period, apply 200-300g / plant of organic active peptide compound fertilizer to the roots, and spray foliar fertilizer with a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of 3:1:1 on the leaves, with a concentration of 800 times; apply root fertilizer in a circular ditch with a depth of 15cm and a distance from the trunk of the tree. Cover with a 2cm layer of soil after fertilization.

[0029] S6: Reproductive growth transformation: When the lateral bud branches are semi-lignified, spray 300 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 800 times of complex amino acid combination liquid twice continuously with an interval of 7 days; the complex amino acid contains glutamic acid, proline, and arginine, and the ratio of the three amino acids is controlled at 2:1:1.

[0030] S7: Management of fruit-bearing branches: Cultivate mature lateral buds into 30cm fruiting branches, and fix them by tying them to form a vertical arrangement structure with an angle of 60° to the main trunk; the tying material is a nylon tying tape with a width of 1cm, and the tightness of the tying should be such that the index finger can be inserted.

[0031] S8: Regulation of flowering and fruiting period: spray 2000 times of 0.1% brassinolide + 0.01% gibberellin during the first physiological fruit drop period, and spray 1000 times of 0.5% amino acid calcium during the second physiological fruit drop period; the first fruit retention is carried out when 70% of the flowers have fallen, and the second fruit retention is carried out at the end of the first physiological fruit drop.

[0032] S9: Control of alternate years: In alternate years, remove 30% of young fruits and keep 4 fruits per branch; in alternate years, spray 0.2% borax + 0.1% zinc sulfate; thin out fruits in two steps: the first step is to remove diseased and insect-infested fruits and deformed fruits, and the second step is to remove overcrowded and small fruits.

[0033] S10: Post-harvest renewal pruning: retain two buds at the base of the fruiting branches of the current year and prune them to promote the growth of new fruiting mother branches. Example 2

[0034] A method for cultivating citrus long-branch side buds with fruit bearing comprises the following steps: S1: Planting and initial management of young trees: After planting, apply 100 grams of organic active peptide compound fertilizer to each tree to promote root growth, and adopt a one-tip, two-fertilizer, three-drug control program to cultivate new shoots. No pruning is required during this process; the organic active peptide compound fertilizer contains the following components in weight percentage: 40% humic acid, 20% amino acids, 25% total NPK, and 3% trace elements.

[0035] S2: Construction of secondary mother branch system: When the tree height reaches 73 cm, cultivate the first layer of secondary mother branches 20 cm above the ground on the trunk, and keep the horizontal angle between adjacent secondary mother branches at 120° to form a three-pronged balanced tree shape; the selection criteria for secondary mother branches are: branch thickness 6 mm, internode length 5 cm, dark green and thick leaves without disease spots.

[0036] S3: Layered space control: The spacing between the second and higher layers of secondary mother branches should be controlled at 45cm, which is conducive to photosynthesis and ventilation and reduces the occurrence of pests and diseases. Too low and too dense is not conducive to ventilation and lighting, which may increase pest control. Too high will affect the yield. The length of the secondary mother branches is generally 1.25 times the height of the tree. For example, if the tree is 1 meter high, the length of the secondary mother branches is about 1.25 meters, and the longest does not exceed 1.5 meters. S4: Precision cultivation of lateral buds and fruit-bearing branches: Select strong secondary mother branches with a diameter of 7mm, retain 4 lateral buds on each branch, and the distance between the lateral buds is 15cm; when cultivating lateral buds and fruit-bearing branches, weak branches and diseased branches shall not be selected as secondary mother branches.

[0037] S5: Nutritional directional induction: During the lateral bud germination period, apply 300g / plant of organic active peptide compound fertilizer to the roots, and spray foliar fertilizer with a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of 3:1:1 on the leaves, with a concentration of 1000 times; root topdressing is done in a circular ditch with a depth of 20cm and a distance from the trunk of the tree. Cover with a 3cm layer of soil after fertilization.

[0038] S6: Reproductive growth transformation: When the lateral bud branches are semi-lignified, spray 500 times potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1000 times complex amino acid combination liquid three times in a row, with an interval of 10 days; the complex amino acid contains glutamic acid, proline, and arginine, and the ratio of the three amino acids is controlled at 2:1:1.

[0039] S7: Management of fruit-bearing branches: Cultivate mature lateral buds into 45cm fruiting branches, and tie them together to form a vertical arrangement structure with an angle of 80° to the main trunk; the tying material is a nylon tying tape with a width of 1.5cm, and the tightness of the tying should be such that the index finger can be inserted.

[0040] S8: Regulation of flowering and fruiting period: spray 2000 times of 0.1% brassinolide + 0.01% gibberellin during the first physiological fruit drop period, and spray 1000 times of 0.5% amino acid calcium during the second physiological fruit drop period; the first fruit retention is carried out when 70% of the flowers have fallen, and the second fruit retention is carried out at the end of the first physiological fruit drop.

[0041] S9: Control of alternate years: In alternate years, remove 40% of young fruits and keep 6 fruits per branch; in alternate years, spray 0.2% borax + 0.1% zinc sulfate; thin out fruits in two times: the first time removes diseased and insect-infested fruits and deformed fruits, and the second time removes overcrowded and small fruits.

[0042] S10: Post-harvest renewal pruning: retain 3 buds at the base of the fruiting branches of the current year and prune them to promote the growth of new fruiting mother branches.

[0043] It should be noted that during the cultivation process of the above embodiment, when the tangerine trees grow to an appropriate length, dihydrogen phosphate should be used to accelerate the aging of the leaves so that the branches begin to store nutrients, and organic active peptide compound fertilizer should be spread to distribute nutrients to the side buds and fruit-bearing branches to ensure more nutrients for fruiting. The secondary mother branches leave strong side buds during the growth process. This process requires manual cutting of the excess side buds and fruit-bearing branches. If there are not enough side buds and branches, a combination of internal and external methods is needed. Organic active peptide compound fertilizer is applied to the roots, and high-nitrogen and low-potassium foliar fertilizer is sprayed on the leaves to extract suitable side buds and branches in many ways. When the side bud branches are close to 80% lignification, they can become strong fruit-bearing side bud branches and be cultivated into fruit-bearing branches of about 30 to 45 cm. Each side bud and fruit-bearing branch is 15 cm apart and arranged vertically to keep the nutrient balance of each long branch and side bud branch, so that each fruit-bearing branch can absorb nutrients. When nutrients are distributed to one bud, one flower and one fruit, it is not easy to cause nutrient deficiency and fruit drop. It will produce clusters like grapes and achieve high yields.

[0044] The above embodiment method is applicable to Xinhui mandarin oranges, Wogan oranges, and Jinqiu tangju oranges that are more than 2 years old. The number of branches left on a single Xinhui mandarin orange plant is controlled at 80-100, Wogan oranges at 60-80, and Jinqiu tangju oranges at 100-120. This technology has been promoted and applied in multiple varieties of Xinhui mandarin oranges, Wogan oranges, and tangju oranges in Guangdong and Guangxi. The application of long branch side bud fruiting technology on different citrus varieties includes: 1. Golden Autumn Sugar Orange, using the cultivation method of Example 1 The Golden Autumn Tangerine, with its early maturity and excellent quality, has become a prime example of the application of the long-branch, side-bud fruiting technique. By grafting the Golden Autumn Tangerine onto high branches and employing this technique, trial fruiting can begin in the second year and full-scale fruiting in the third year, shortening the fruiting period by a year and a half compared to traditional methods. Once in peak production, the per-acre yield can exceed 30,000 yuan, more than double the income of older varieties. This long-branch, side-bud fruiting technique fully utilizes the Golden Autumn Tangerine's branches, distributes the fruit in a balanced pattern, and ensures both yield and quality.

[0045] 2. Xinhui oranges, using the cultivation method of Example 2 Xinhui mandarins have excellent fruiting properties and produce large quantities of fruit, but their branches are soft, requiring manual branch hanging in the middle and late stages of fruit expansion. A pruning method using one trunk and three secondary mother branches combined with the technique of fruiting on long branches and lateral buds cultivates the main branches, allowing the top of the tree to provide nutrients through vegetative growth, while fruiting in the middle and lower parts strengthens the tree. After spring, the fruiting branches in the middle and lower parts are appropriately cut back, with spring shoots used as fruiting branches for the current year or mother branches for the following year. A large number of small and medium-sized short branches are cultivated in the middle and lower parts of the main branches and large side branches for fruiting. This method effectively reduces the labor of manual fruit thinning and branch hanging, improving production efficiency.

[0046] Specifically, a 10-mu Xinhui mandarin orange orchard (3-year-old trees) was selected for comparative testing, of which 5 mu adopted the method of Example 2 of the present invention and 5 mu adopted the traditional pruning method. The results are as follows: 1. The average yield per mu of this invention reaches 3200kg, which is 23.1% higher than the 2600kg of the traditional method; 2. Soluble solids content increased by 1.8°Brix, and the marketable fruit rate increased from 75% to 92%; 3. Pruning labor costs are reduced by 40% and fertilizer utilization efficiency is increased by 35%.

[0047] Regarding the role of long-branch side bud fruit-bearing technology in solving the problem of alternate bearing in citrus: The phenomenon of alternate bearing in citrus seriously impacts yield and economic returns. The long-branch lateral bud fruiting technique, which creates a three-dimensional, layered fruiting tree, offers a new approach to addressing this issue. By rationally controlling yield and thinning out some fruit in good years, the tree reduces nutrient consumption. Simultaneously, the long-branch lateral bud fruiting technique adjusts nutrient distribution within the tree, allowing it to maintain a certain level of fruit production even in off-years. For example, in some citrus orchards employing this technique, through appropriate fruit thinning and branch management, the yield discrepancy between alternate years has been kept within 10%, effectively stabilizing the orchard's economic returns.

[0048] In summary, the long-branch lateral bud fruiting technique has achieved good results on various citrus varieties, not only improving fruit quality and yield but also, to a certain extent, resolving the problem of alternate bearing in citrus. Future research could deeply integrate the long-branch lateral bud fruiting technique with other advanced cultivation technologies, such as intelligent irrigation, precision fertilization, and biological control, to further improve the efficiency and benefits of citrus cultivation. Develop more precise branch processing tools and techniques to accommodate citrus trees of different varieties and ages. Further in-depth research is needed to examine the adaptability of the long-branch lateral bud fruiting technique to more citrus varieties, explore optimal long-branch lateral bud fruiting techniques for different varieties, and expand the scope of application of this technology. Targeted technical research and improvements should be conducted for some special or newly cultivated varieties.

[0049] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating citrus long branches and side buds with fruit bearing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: Planting and initial management of young trees: After planting, apply 80-120 grams of organic active peptide compound fertilizer to each tree to promote root growth, and use a one-shoot, two-fertilizer, three-drug control program to cultivate new shoots; Step S2: Construction of the secondary mother branch system: When the tree reaches a height of 65-75 cm, cultivate the first layer of secondary mother branches 15-25 cm above the main trunk, with the horizontal angle between adjacent secondary mother branches maintained at 90-120°, forming a three-pronged balanced tree shape; Step S3: Layered space control: The spacing between the second and higher secondary mother branches is controlled at 30-50 cm, and the ratio of the secondary mother branch length to the tree height is 1:0.8-1.5; Step S4: Precision cultivation of lateral bud fruit-bearing branches: Select robust secondary mother branches with a diameter of 5 to 8 mm, retain 3 to 5 lateral buds on each branch, and the spacing between lateral buds is 8 to 15 cm; Step S5: Nutritional directional induction: During the lateral bud germination period, apply organic active peptide compound fertilizer 200-300g / plant to the roots, and spray foliar fertilizer with a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of 3:1:1 on the leaves, with a concentration of 800-1000 times; Step S6: reproductive growth transformation: when the lateral bud branches become semi-lignified, spray 2 to 3 times with a solution of 300 to 500 times potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 800 to 1000 times a complex amino acid solution, with an interval of 7 to 10 days; Step S7: Fruiting branch shaping management: Cultivate mature lateral buds into 25-45 cm fruiting branches, and tie them together to form a vertical arrangement structure with an angle of 60-80 degrees to the main trunk; Step S8: Flowering and fruiting period regulation: spray 0.1% brassinolide 2000 times + 0.01% gibberellin during the first physiological fruit drop period, and spray 0.5% amino acid calcium 1000 times during the second physiological fruit drop period; Step S9: Control of uneven bearing: in uneven bearing years, 30% to 40% of young fruits are thinned out, leaving 4 to 6 fruits per branch; in uneven bearing years, 0.2% borax + 0.1% zinc sulfate is sprayed as an additional spray. Step S10: Post-harvest renewal pruning: retain 2 to 3 buds at the base of the current year's fruiting branches for short cuts to promote the growth of new fruiting mother branches.

2. A citrus long-branch lateral bud fruit-bearing cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic active peptide compound fertilizer in step S1 contains the following components in weight percentage: 30% to 40% humic acid, 15% to 20% amino acids, ≥25% total NPK, and 2% to 3% trace elements.

3. A citrus long-branch lateral bud fruit-bearing cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The selection criteria for the secondary mother branches in step S2 are: branch tip thickness of 4-6 mm, internode length of 3-5 cm, and leaves that are dark green, thick, and free of disease spots.

4. A citrus long-branch lateral bud fruit-bearing cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When cultivating the lateral bud fruit-bearing branches in step S4, weak branches and diseased branches shall not be selected as secondary mother branches.

5. A citrus long-branch lateral bud fruit-bearing cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the root topdressing is carried out by applying a circular trench with a depth of 15 to 20 cm and a distance of 30 to 40 cm from the tree trunk. After fertilization, the root topdressing is covered with a 2 to 3 cm soil layer.

6. A citrus long-branch lateral bud fruit-bearing cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the composite amino acid comprises glutamic acid, proline, and arginine, and the content ratio of the three amino acids is controlled at 2:1:

1.

7. A citrus long-branch lateral bud fruit-bearing cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, the binding material is a nylon binding tape with a width of 1 to 1.5 cm, and the binding tightness is such that the index finger can be inserted.

8. The method for cultivating citrus long-branch lateral buds with fruit bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S8, the first fruit retention is performed when 70% of the flowers have fallen, and the second fruit retention is performed when the first physiological fruit drop ends.

9. The method for cultivating citrus long-branch lateral buds with fruit bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S9, the fruit thinning is performed twice, the first time to remove diseased and insect-infested fruits and deformed fruits, and the second time to remove overcrowded fruits and small fruits.

10. The method for cultivating citrus long-branch lateral buds with fruit bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method is applicable to Xinhui mandarin oranges, Wogan oranges, and Jinqiu tangerines that are more than 2 years old, wherein the number of branches left per plant of Xinhui mandarin oranges is controlled at 80 to 100, that of Wogan oranges is controlled at 60 to 80, and that of Jinqiu tangerines is controlled at 100 to 120.

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