Cultivation and planting method of pleurotus citrinopileatus

Abstract

The invention discloses a pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivation and planting method which comprises the following steps: selecting sporocarp hyphae which grow excellently, slicing the sporocarp hyphae, culturing the hyphae by using a PDA culture medium, and taking the obtained hyphae as pleurotus citrinopileatus strains; ramulus mori, grape branches and peach branches are smashed in advance and then independently subjected to stacking fermentation; uniformly mixing the fermented material with other raw materials according to the amount, making a bag, and sealing; a bag-making culture medium is sterilized, and the cleanliness of microorganisms is required to reach a ten thousand level; inoculating pleurotus citrinopileatus stock seeds to the surfaces of the cultivation bags, and sealing bag openings; after inoculation, the fungus bags are placed at the temperature of 20-22 DEG C for spawn running; when hyphae reach physiological maturity, the polluted fungus bags are picked out, and the pollution-free fungus bags with the hyphae growing well are moved into a fruiting shed for fruiting; and when the pileus edge of the pleurotus citrinopileatus sporocarp is flattened and not curled inwards, harvesting is carried out, and partial moisture harvesting can be carried out. By means of the cultivation technology, the disease resistance and insect resistance of pleurotus citrinopileatus are improved, and the phenomenon that pleurotus citrinopileatus is prone to death is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of Pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivation, and more particularly to a method for cultivating Pleurotus citrinopileatus. Background Art

[0002] Pleurotus citriodora, also known as Pleurotus citriodora, is a famous wild edible fungus in Northeast China. According to analysis, the dry matter of the fruiting body contains 25-30% crude protein, 2-2.2% crude fat, 51-63% carbohydrates, 2.8-4% crude fiber, 3.7-5.1% ash, and a variety of amino acids, polysaccharides, steroids, esters, and fat compounds, all of which are physiologically active and have good effects in lowering blood lipids, lowering cholesterol, relieving asthma and enhancing the body's immunity.

[0003] Pleurotus citrinopileatus is a typical mesophilic fungus. Mycelial growth requires a temperature between 6-36°C, with an optimum temperature of 23-27°C. Lower temperatures lead to slower growth, and above 28°C growth slows and the mushrooms become less robust. Mycelium is not heat-resistant and will die within a short period of time above 40°C. Data indicates that mycelium can survive temperatures as low as -30°C. Fruiting bodies develop within a temperature range of 12-30°C, with an optimum temperature of 18-26°C. The moisture content of the compost should be between 60-70%. Less than 50% or above 80% hinders mycelial growth. The humidity requirement for mycelial growth is less pronounced, but fruiting humidity should be controlled between 80-90%. Mycelial growth does not require light, but fruiting bodies require appropriate diffuse light. Direct light on the fruiting bodies results in a yellow-red color. Without light, the mushrooms in a dark room turn white. With appropriate diffuse light, the mushrooms are a vibrant golden yellow. Pleurotus citrinopileatus prefers a slightly acidic environment and can grow in a pH range of 3-9. If the pH is too high or too low, the primary mycelium will be weak and slow to grow. Existing Pleurotus citrinopileatus strains have poor disease and insect resistance and are prone to die-off. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating and growing Pleurotus citrinopileatus to improve the disease resistance and insect resistance of Pleurotus citrinopileatus and improve the phenomenon of mushroom death.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for cultivating Pleurotus citrinopileatus comprises the following steps: (1) Culture of fungi: Select the mycelium of the fruiting body with excellent growth, slice it, and then culture the mycelium with PDA medium. The obtained mycelium is used as the fungus of Pleurotus citrinopileatus; (2) Pile fermentation: crush the mulberry branches, grape branches and peach branches in advance and pile them up for fermentation separately. The pile has a radius of 0.8-0.1m and a height of 1-1.2m. Ferment for a period of time. Monitor the temperature of the material every day. Turn the pile every 2-3 days and turn the surface bacteria material into the middle of the fermentation pile. When the material temperature reaches 60℃, ferment for another 7 days. The fermentation is completed. (3) Bag making: Mix the fermentation material and other raw materials according to the proportions, make bags and seal them; (4) Matrix sterilization: The bag culture matrix is ​​sterilized and the microbial cleanliness is required to reach Class 10,000 level; (5) Inoculation: Inoculate the original seeds of Pleurotus citrinopileatus onto the surface of the cultivation bag and seal the bag; (6) Culture: After inoculation, place the bag at 20-22°C for culture; (7) Fruiting management: When the mycelium reaches physiological maturity, the contaminated bags are picked out and the uncontaminated bags with good mycelium growth are moved into the fruiting shed for fruiting; (8) Harvesting: Harvest when the edge of the cap of the fruiting body of the elm yellow mushroom has flattened and has not curled inward. Harvesting can be carried out in different tides.

[0006] The advantages of the elm citronella obtained by the cultivation technology of the present invention are high bioconversion efficiency, high nutritional content, sufficient nitrogen source, less need for adding auxiliary materials, and low risk of pesticide residues, thereby improving the disease resistance and insect resistance of the elm citronella and improving the phenomenon of mushroom death.

[0007] Preferably, the formula of the PDA culture medium is as follows, based on weight: 20-25 parts of cottonseed hulls, 10-15 parts of mulberry branch chips, 10-15 parts of grape branch chips, 10-15 parts of peach branch chips, 10-15 parts of corn cob chips, 20-25 parts of wheat bran, 1-2 parts of complex amino acids, 0.2-0.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.05-0.1 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-2 parts of gypsum, and 0.5-1 parts of sucrose.

[0008] Preferably, the complex amino acids consist of arginine, proline, cysteine ​​and histidine.

[0009] Preferably, the weight ratio of arginine, proline, cysteine ​​and histidine is 3:1:0.5:2.

[0010] Preferably, the preparation method of the PDA culture medium is specifically as follows: corresponding amounts of cottonseed hulls, mulberry branch chips, grape branch chips, peach branch chips, and corn cob chips are weighed and mixed as the main ingredients; wheat bran, complex amino acids, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, gypsum, and sucrose as auxiliary materials are dissolved in a small amount of water and then poured into the main ingredients, followed by adding water and mixing until the water content reaches 64-68%, and then adjusting the pH value of the culture medium of the Pleurotus citriodora to between 6.5 and 7.0.

[0011] Preferably, wheat bran, complex amino acids, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, gypsum and sucrose as auxiliary materials are dissolved in 10 ml of water and then poured into the main ingredients.

[0012] Preferably, in step (2), the stacking fermentation time is 5-7 days in summer; and the stacking fermentation time is 15-20 days in winter.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The advantages of the elm citronella obtained by the cultivation technology of the present invention are high bioconversion efficiency, high nutritional content, sufficient nitrogen source, less need for adding auxiliary materials, and low risk of pesticide residues, thereby improving the disease resistance and insect resistance of the elm citronella and improving the phenomenon of mushroom death. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The present invention is a preparation process flow chart of a method for cultivating and growing Pleurotus citrinopileatus. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental materials and reagents used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial channels. If no specific techniques or conditions are specified in the examples, they can be carried out according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product instructions.

[0017] Example 1

[0018] This embodiment provides a method for cultivating Pleurotus citrinopileatus, comprising the following steps: Preparation of culture medium: according to weight parts, take 20 parts of cottonseed hulls, 15 parts of mulberry branch chips, 10 parts of grape branch chips, 15 parts of peach branch chips, and 15 parts of corn cob chips as main ingredients; dissolve 25 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of complex amino acids, 0.2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.05 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of gypsum, and 0.5 parts of sucrose as auxiliary ingredients in water, and pour the mixture into the main ingredients; then add water and mix the mixture until the water content reaches 64%-68%, and adjust the pH value of the culture medium of Pleurotus citriodora to between 6.5 and 7.0; Culture of fungus: Select the mycelium of the fruiting body with excellent growth, slice it, and then culture the mycelium with PDA medium. The obtained mycelium is used as the fungus of Pleurotus citrinopileatus; Pile fermentation: crush mulberry branches, grape branches, and peach branches in advance and pile them up separately for fermentation. The pile radius should be 0.8-0.1m and the pile height should be 1-1.2m. Fermentation should be carried out for 7-15 days (shortened to 5-7 days in summer and extended to 15-20 days in winter). Check the temperature of the material every day, turn the pile every 2-3 days, and turn the surface fungus material into the middle of the fermentation pile. When the material temperature reaches 60℃, fermentation should be completed after another 7 days. Bag making: Mix the fermentation material and other raw materials according to the proportions, make bags and seal them; Matrix sterilization: The bag culture matrix is ​​sterilized and the microbial cleanliness is required to reach Class 10,000 level; Inoculation: Inoculate the original seeds of Pleurotus citrinopileatus on the surface of the cultivation bag and seal the bag tightly; Culture: After inoculation, place the bag at 20-22℃ for culture; Fruiting management: When the mycelium reaches physiological maturity, the contaminated bags will be picked out and the uncontaminated bags with good mycelium growth will be moved into the fruiting shed for fruiting; Harvesting: Harvest when the edge of the cap of the fruiting body of the elm yellow mushroom has flattened and is not curled inward. Harvesting can be carried out in different tides.

[0019] The complex amino acid consists of arginine, proline, cysteine ​​and histidine in a weight ratio of 3:1:0.5:2.

[0020] The advantages of the elm citronella obtained by the cultivation technology of the present invention are high bioconversion efficiency, high nutritional content, sufficient nitrogen source, less need for adding auxiliary materials, and low risk of pesticide residues, thereby improving the disease resistance and insect resistance of the elm citronella and improving the phenomenon of mushroom death.

[0021] The embodiments disclosed in the present invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited to them. Ordinary technicians in this field can easily understand the spirit of the present invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and changes. As long as they do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, they are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating Pleurotus citrinopileatus, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Culture of fungi: Select the mycelium of the fruiting body with excellent growth, slice it, and then culture the mycelium with PDA medium. The obtained mycelium is used as the fungus of Pleurotus citrinopileatus; (2) Pile fermentation: crush the mulberry branches, grape branches and peach branches in advance and pile them up for fermentation separately. The pile has a radius of 0.8-0.1m and a height of 1-1.2m. Ferment for a period of time. Monitor the temperature of the material every day. Turn the pile every 2-3 days and turn the surface bacteria material into the middle of the fermentation pile. When the material temperature reaches 60℃, ferment for another 7 days. The fermentation is completed. (3) Bag making: Mix the fermentation material and other raw materials according to the proportions, make bags and seal them; (4) Matrix sterilization: The bag culture matrix is ​​sterilized and the microbial cleanliness is required to reach Class 10,000 level; (5) Inoculation: Inoculate the original seeds of Pleurotus citrinopileatus onto the surface of the cultivation bag and seal the bag; (6) Culture: After inoculation, place the bag at 20-22°C for culture; (7) Fruiting management: When the mycelium reaches physiological maturity, the contaminated bags are picked out and the uncontaminated bags with good mycelium growth are moved into the fruiting shed for fruiting; (8) Harvesting: Harvest when the edge of the cap of the fruiting body of the elm yellow mushroom has flattened and has not curled inward. Harvesting can be carried out in different tides.

2. The method for cultivating Pleurotus citrinopileatus according to claim 1, wherein: The formula of the PDA culture medium is as follows, in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of cottonseed hulls, 10-15 parts of mulberry branch chips, 10-15 parts of grape branch chips, 10-15 parts of peach branch chips, 10-15 parts of corn cob chips, 20-25 parts of wheat bran, 1-2 parts of complex amino acids, 0.2-0.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.05-0.1 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-2 parts of gypsum, and 0.5-1 parts of sucrose.

3. The method for cultivating Pleurotus citrinopileatus according to claim 2, wherein: The complex amino acid consists of arginine, proline, cysteine ​​and histidine.

4. The method for cultivating Pleurotus citrinopileatus according to claim 3, wherein: The weight ratio of arginine, proline, cysteine ​​and histidine is 3:1:0.5:

2.

5. The method for cultivating Pleurotus citrinopileatus according to claim 2, wherein: The preparation method of the PDA culture medium specifically comprises the following steps: weighing corresponding amounts of cottonseed hulls, mulberry branch chips, grape branch chips, peach branch chips, and corn cob chips and mixing them as main ingredients; dissolving wheat bran, complex amino acids, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, gypsum, and sucrose as auxiliary ingredients in a small amount of water and then pouring the mixture into the main ingredients; then adding water and mixing the mixture until the water content reaches 64-68%, and then adjusting the pH value of the culture medium for the pleurotus citriodora to be between 6.5 and 7.

0.

6. The method for cultivating Pleurotus citrinopileatus according to claim 5, wherein: Dissolve wheat bran, complex amino acids, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, gypsum and sucrose as auxiliary materials in 10 ml of water and pour into the main ingredients.

7. The method for cultivating Pleurotus citrinopileatus according to claim 1, wherein: In step (2), the stacking fermentation time is 5-7 days in summer and 15-20 days in winter.

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