Dual-mode transmission main shaft structure of vertical machining center

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of machining centers, and particularly relates to a dual-mode transmission main shaft structure of a vertical machining center. The dual-mode transmission main shaft structure of the vertical machining center solves the problems of transmission slipping and vibration caused by insufficient meshing depth and accuracy of a traditional clutch, and comprises a main body, a transmission part and a gear shifting switching part, the transmission part is arranged in a switching box of the main body and used for direct connection transmission and torque increasing transmission, one end of the gear shifting switching part is arranged in the switching box, and the other end of the gear shifting switching part is arranged in the switching box. The gear shifting switching piece is electrically connected with the control module of the main body, the control module of the main body is started to enable the gear shifting switching piece to drive the clutch to be used for switching the transmission path of the transmission piece, direct drive transmission and speed reduction and torque increase transmission of the transmission piece are achieved, and through cooperation between a first gear sleeve of the gear shifting switching piece and a spline sleeve C, the transmission path of the transmission piece is changed. The meshing depth and the meshing precision are improved, and the transmission efficiency and the torque force during machining are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of machining centers, and in particular relates to a dual-mode transmission spindle structure of a vertical machining center. Background Art

[0002] Traditional vertical machining centers (VMCs) must meet the demands of processing the same workpiece under different machining conditions. Therefore, they typically consist of a switch box, a spindle motor, and a high-rigidity spindle. Based on the high-rigidity spindle's torque and speed, they are categorized as part machines and mold machines. Part machines typically use direct-drive spindles, driven directly by the motor without the need for intermediate transmission devices (such as belts or gears). This results in low power transmission losses, more stable speeds, and faster dynamic response, making them suitable for high-precision machining. Mold machines, on the other hand, are commonly used to process steel and castings. To achieve greater torque, they use belt or gear transmission structures to achieve high torque at low speeds, making them suitable for heavy-duty machining.

[0003] At present, in the process of switching between rough machining and fine machining, in order to prevent gear tooth collision and ensure the transmission efficiency of the gear, a shift assembly is usually used to push the clutch for switching. Once the clutch of the vertical machining center is engaged, it usually maintains a "fully engaged" state for a long time to cope with the continuous cutting load. The existing automobile clutch frequently experiences "disengagement and engagement" during driving, and the degree of engagement changes continuously with the shifting action. Therefore, the degree of engagement between the clutch of the machining center and the high-rigidity spindle needs to be deeper, and the engagement accuracy needs to be more precise, so that the torque transmission is more balanced and smoother when machining the workpiece, thereby improving the transmission efficiency and accurate transmission torque. Therefore, the spindle motor will be stopped before switching and the shaft will stop rotating before driving the shift assembly to switch, so that both the engagement depth and the engagement accuracy are maintained to improve the transmission efficiency, and solve the transmission slippage and vibration problems caused by insufficient engagement depth and accuracy of the traditional clutch. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a dual-mode transmission spindle structure for a vertical machining center.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A dual-mode transmission spindle structure for a vertical machining center includes a main body, a transmission member and a gear shift switching member. The transmission member is arranged in a switching box of the main body. The transmission member includes a clutch member and a third gear portion. The clutch member slides on the spindle motor of the main body. The third gear portion is arranged on the high-rigidity spindle of the main body. One end of the gear shift switching member is arranged in the switching box, and the other end is connected to the clutch member. The gear shift switching member is electrically connected to the control module of the main body. The control module of the main body starts to control the gear shift switching member to switch the engagement between the clutch member and the third gear portion, thereby realizing direct-connected transmission and torque-increasing transmission of the transmission member, and realizing speed reduction and torque-increasing transmission of the transmission member through the transmission ratio of the transmission member.

[0006] Preferably, a first gear ring is provided at the bottom of the spindle motor, a first meshing tooth is slidably connected to the first gear ring, and a third meshing tooth and a fourth meshing tooth are provided on the rotating shaft; a second gear ring is provided on the high-rigidity spindle, a second meshing tooth is slidably connected to the second gear ring, the rotating shaft is provided on an external mounting seat, and a third meshing tooth and a fourth meshing tooth are provided on the rotating shaft. In the direct connection state, the first meshing tooth and the second gear ring are meshed, and in the torque increase and deceleration state, the first gear ring is meshed with the third meshing tooth, and the fourth meshing tooth is meshed with the second meshing tooth.

[0007] Preferably, the transmission member includes a clutch and a torque-increasing member, the clutch is coaxially slidably connected between the spindle motor and the high-rigidity spindle; the clutch member includes a bevel gear sleeve and a friction ring, the bevel gear sleeve slides on the third gear part, and the friction ring slides on the bevel gear sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, the torque increasing member includes a torque increasing gear set and a transmission shaft, and the torque increasing gear set is provided on the spindle motor, the high-rigidity spindle and the transmission shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the gear shift switching components are two groups including an electric push rod and a lifting plate. The electric push rod is arranged in the switching box and is electrically connected to the control module and controlled by the control module. The lifting plate is arranged on the electric push rod.

[0010] Preferably, the torque-increasing gear set includes a first gear portion, a second gear portion, a spur gear A and a third gear portion, the first gear portion is arranged on the spindle motor, the second gear portion and the spur gear A are arranged on the transmission shaft, the spur gear A is meshed with the first gear portion, the third gear portion is arranged on the high-rigidity spindle, and the second gear portion is meshed with the third gear portion.

[0011] Preferably, a speed regulating part is also included, which is arranged on the transmission part. The speed regulating part includes a gear synchronization group and an electromagnetic part. The electromagnetic part is electrically connected to the control module and controlled by the control module. The speed regulating part synchronizes the speed of the gear synchronization group through the friction force generated by the electromagnetic coupling of the electromagnetic part.

[0012] Preferably, the gear synchronization group includes a first synchronization group and a second synchronization group. The first synchronization group consists of two groups, one group is arranged between the spindle motor and the transmission shaft, and the other group is arranged between the transmission shaft and the high-rigidity spindle. The second synchronization group is arranged between the spindle motor and the transmission shaft and is located below the first synchronization group.

[0013] Preferably, the electromagnetic component includes a magnetic component and a clamping component, and the magnetic component includes a telescopic cylinder, a telescopic rod, a magnetic sleeve, an electromagnetic ring and a magnetic patch.

[0014] Preferably, the clamping member includes a protrusion of the telescopic rod and a groove of the magnetic sleeve.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The control module of the main body is activated to enable the shift switching member to drive the clutch to switch the transmission path of the transmission member, thereby realizing the direct drive transmission and deceleration and torque increase transmission of the transmission member. At the same time, a number of meshing openings are opened in conjunction with the bottom array, and the meshing openings match the bevel teeth of the bevel gear sleeve and can be rigidly clamped. In addition, the inner tooth edge at the bottom of the first gear sleeve and the top inner tooth edge of the spline sleeve C are both beveled surfaces, which can speed up the meshing smoothness. Through the cooperation between the first gear sleeve of the shift switching member and the spline sleeve C, the meshing depth and meshing accuracy are improved, thereby ensuring the transmission efficiency and torque during processing, and solving the transmission slippage and vibration problems caused by insufficient meshing depth and accuracy of the traditional clutch.

[0016] 2. The speed regulating part synchronizes the speed of the gear synchronization group through the friction force generated by the electromagnetic coupling of the electromagnetic part, and then cooperates with the switching of the gear shift switching part to achieve rapid gear shifting without stopping the machine, while maintaining the meshing depth and accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the direct-connected state of the first main shaft of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view schematic diagram of the first spindle in the torque-increasing state of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the second main shaft of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the second main shaft of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the second main shaft of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the second main shaft of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a partially exploded perspective schematic diagram of the second main shaft of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a perspective schematic diagram of the first gear sleeve of the second main shaft of the present invention; Figure 9 A perspective schematic diagram of a second spindle speed regulating member of the present invention; Figure 10 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the electromagnetic component of the second spindle of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a disassembled three-dimensional schematic diagram of a second spindle electromagnetic component of the present invention; Legend: 01, switch box; 1, high-rigidity spindle; 2, spindle motor; 09, first ring gear; 03, first meshing tooth; 08, second ring gear; 04, second meshing tooth; 07, rotating shaft; 05, third meshing tooth; 06, fourth meshing tooth; 3, first spline sleeve; 4, first gear sleeve; 5, transmission shaft; 6, spur gear A; 7, second spline sleeve; 8, gear sleeve B; 10, spline sleeve C; 11, spur gear C; 12. Electric push rod A; 13. Electric push rod B; 14. Lifting plate; 15. Transmission gear A; 151. Driven gear A; 16. Transmission gear B; 161. Driven gear B; 17. Magnetic sleeve; 181. Fixed sleeve; 182. Electromagnetic ring; 183. Clamping rod; 184. Magnetic patch; 185. Tension spring; 19. Bevel gear sleeve; 20. Friction ring; 21. Compression spring; 22. Return spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose of the invention, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0020] Example 1: refer to Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, the traditional vertical machining center needs to meet the needs of processing the same workpiece under different working conditions. Therefore, the vertical machining center is generally composed of a switching box 01, a spindle motor 2 and a high-rigidity spindle 1. According to the torque and speed of the high-rigidity spindle 1, it is divided into a parts machine and a mold machine; therefore, it is urgently needed to combine the two to achieve switching; this embodiment proposes a dual-mode transmission spindle structure for a vertical machining center, including a spindle motor 2 and a high-rigidity spindle 1. First, the spindle motor 2, the high-rigidity spindle 1 and the rotating shaft 07 are all rotatably connected to an external mounting seat. The bottom of the spindle motor 2 is fixedly connected to a first gear ring 09, and the first meshing teeth 03 are inside and outside. The rings are all gears, the first gear ring 09 is slidably connected with the first meshing teeth 03, and the rotating shaft 07 is fixedly connected with the third meshing teeth 05 and the fourth meshing teeth 06; the high-rigidity main shaft 1 is fixedly connected with the second gear ring 08, and the second gear ring 08 is slidably connected with the second meshing teeth 04. In the direct-connected state, the first meshing teeth 03 are engaged with the second gear ring 08, and the spindle motor 2 drives the first gear ring 09, the first meshing teeth 03, the second gear ring 08, the second meshing teeth 04 and the high-rigidity main shaft 1 to rotate at high speed for fine machining. When deceleration and torque increase are required, the spindle motor 2 in the direct-connected state is turned off, so that the spindle motor 2 and the high-rigidity main shaft 1 are rotated at high speed for fine machining. The spindle 1 stops, and when it is stationary, the second meshing tooth 04 and the first meshing tooth 03 are pushed synchronously by an external pusher. The second meshing tooth 04 and the fourth meshing tooth 06 are meshed, and the first meshing tooth 03 and the third meshing tooth 05 are meshed. Therefore, the spindle motor 2 drives the first meshing tooth 03, the first meshing tooth 03, the rotating shaft 07, the third meshing tooth 05 and the fourth meshing tooth 06, and drives the second meshing tooth 04 and the high-rigidity spindle 1 to rotate together through the fourth meshing tooth 06, realizing deceleration and torque increase transmission for rough machining. The meshing transmission ratio of the first meshing tooth 03 and the third meshing tooth 05 is 57 / 33, and the fourth meshing tooth 06 and the third meshing tooth 05 are 57 / 33. The transmission ratio of the second meshing tooth 04 is meshing 68 / 40; different gear ratios are formed between the first meshing tooth 03, the third meshing tooth 05, the fourth meshing tooth and the second meshing tooth 04 to achieve the effect of deceleration and torque increase. The transmission ratio is specifically calculated as follows: X57 / 33=2.936, thereby increasing the spindle torque to 2.936 times the original, thereby meeting the requirements of the machining center for heavy cutting and rough machining. When it is necessary to switch back to the direct connection state, the spindle motor 2 is also turned off, and when it is stationary, the external pusher is manually used to switch, thereby meeting the requirements of the machining center for rough machining and rough machining.

[0021] Example 2: This embodiment is another form of switching of the first embodiment, that is, the second main axis, referring to Figure 3-Figure 9As shown, the traditional vertical machining center needs to meet the needs of processing the same workpiece under different working conditions. Therefore, the vertical machining center is generally composed of a switching box 01, a spindle motor 2 and a high-rigidity spindle 1. According to the torque and speed of the high-rigidity spindle 1, it is divided into a parts machine and a mold machine; and the two are combined, and a shift assembly is usually used to push the clutch for switching. Once the clutch of the vertical machining center is engaged, it usually maintains a "fully engaged" state for a long time to cope with continuous cutting loads, and the automobile clutch frequently experiences "separation and engagement" during driving. The degree of engagement changes continuously with the shifting action, resulting in insufficient engagement depth and accuracy, leading to transmission slippage and vibration problems; to solve the above problems, this embodiment proposes to improve the engagement depth and engagement accuracy by cooperating between the first gear sleeve 4 and the spline sleeve C10 of the shift switching member, so as to ensure the transmission efficiency and torque during machining. Specifically, a dual-mode transmission spindle structure of a vertical machining center includes a main body, a transmission member and a shift switching member. The transmission member is arranged in the switching box 01 of the main body, and the transmission The components are used for direct drive and torque-increasing drive. The transmission components are in a sealed environment of the switching box 01 to reduce the impact of environmental factors on the efficiency of the transmission components. One end of the gear shift switching component is provided in the switching box 01, and the other end is connected to the transmission component. The gear shift switching component is electrically connected to the control module of the main body. Specifically, the transmission component includes a clutch component. The control module of the main body is activated to enable the gear shift switching component to drive the clutch to switch the transmission path of the transmission component, thereby realizing direct drive and deceleration and torque-increasing drive of the transmission component. Specifically, in the direct drive driving state, the driving speed of the spindle motor 2 between the other end and the transmission component is accelerated, and the transmission component enables the high-rigidity spindle 1 to achieve high-speed finishing through the clutch, and the high-rigidity spindle 1 drives the external tool for finishing. At the same time, when switching to the deceleration and torque-increasing driving state, the spindle motor 2 stops driving. After the spindle stops, the gear shift switching component is activated to push the clutch in the transmission component to change the transmission path, thereby converting the high-speed finishing into low-speed and high-torque rotation. The low-speed and high-torque rotation also enables the high-rigidity spindle 1 to cooperate with the external tool for rough processing.

[0022] Specifically, the torque-increasing member includes a torque-increasing gear set and a transmission shaft 5. The torque-increasing gear set is provided on the spindle motor 2, the high-rigidity spindle 1 and the transmission shaft 5. The torque-increasing gear set includes a first gear portion, a second gear portion, a spur gear A6 and a third gear portion. The first gear portion includes a first spline sleeve 3 and a first gear sleeve 4. The first spline sleeve 3 is fixed to the spindle motor 2, and the first gear sleeve 4 can slide up and down on the first spline sleeve 3 and is connected to a group of gear shift switching members. The second gear portion and the spur gear A6 are provided on the transmission shaft 5. The second gear portion includes a second spline sleeve 7 and a gear sleeve B8. The second spline sleeve 7 is fixed on the transmission shaft 5. The gear sleeve B8 can also slide up and down on the first spline sleeve 3 and is connected to another group of gear shift switching members. The third gear portion is provided on the high-rigidity The second gear unit is engaged with the third gear unit. The third gear unit includes a spline sleeve C10 fixed on the high-rigidity spindle 1 and a spur gear C11 fixed on the spline sleeve C10. Gears are provided on the surfaces of the first gear sleeve 4 and the gear sleeve B8. The meshing transmission ratio of the spur gear A6 and the first gear sleeve 4 is 57 / 33, and the meshing transmission ratio of the spur gear C11 and the gear sleeve B8 is 68 / 40. Different gear ratios are formed between the first gear unit, the second gear unit and the third gear unit to achieve the effect of deceleration and torque increase. The specific transmission ratio is obtained by calculation: X57 / 33=2.936, thereby increasing the spindle torque to 2.936 times the original, thereby meeting the rough processing requirements of heavy cutting in the machining center.

[0023] Specifically, the gear shift switching parts are divided into two groups, including an electric push rod and a lifting plate 14. The two electric push rods are arranged vertically downward, and one end of each is fixed to the switching box 01. The lifting plate 14 is fixed to the end of each electric push rod away from the switching box 01. The two electric push rods are electric push rod A12 and electric push rod B13, wherein the length of electric push rod B13 is greater than that of electric push rod A12, wherein the lifting plate 14 on the electric push rod A12 is socketed with the first gear sleeve 4, supporting the first gear sleeve 4 and maintaining the rotation and sliding effect, and the lifting plate 14 on the electric push rod B13 is socketed with the gear sleeve B8, and plays the same role as the lifting plate 14 on the electric push rod A12.

[0024] Specifically, the clutch includes a bevel gear sleeve 19 and a friction ring 20. The bevel gear sleeve 19 slides on the spline sleeve C10. The friction ring 20 slides coaxially on the bevel gear sleeve 19. A return spring 22 is connected between the bevel gear sleeve 19 and the spur gear C11. The return spring 22 also plays a supporting role. A compression spring 21 is provided between the friction ring 20 and the bevel gear sleeve 19. In addition, a plurality of meshing openings are provided in the bottom array of the first gear sleeve 4. The meshing openings match the bevel teeth of the bevel gear sleeve 19 and can be rigidly connected. In addition, the inner tooth edge at the bottom of the first gear sleeve 4 and the top inner tooth edge of the spline sleeve C10 are both beveled, which can speed up the smoothness of meshing.

[0025] The specific working principle of the present embodiment 2 is as follows: in the deceleration and torque-increasing transmission state, the spindle motor 2 is started, and the first gear part is driven to rotate forward synchronously by the main shaft of the spindle motor 2, the spur gear A6 is meshed with the first gear sleeve 4, and the first gear sleeve 4 drives the spur gear A6, the transmission shaft 5 and the second gear part to rotate reversely together, and the second gear part is meshed with the spur gear C11 to drive the spur gear C11 and the high-rigidity spindle 1 to rotate forward, and the deceleration and torque-increasing are achieved between the first gear part, the second gear part and the third gear part through the gear ratio; when it is necessary to switch to the direct connection state, the control module starts the shift switching member, and the lifting plate of the shift switching member pushes the first gear sleeve 4 and the gear sleeve B8 to move, the first gear sleeve 4 is disconnected from the spur gear A6, and the gear sleeve B8 is disconnected from the spur gear C11. The first gear sleeve 4 drives the clutch to engage with the spline sleeve C10, and the spline sleeve C10 drives the high-rigidity main shaft 1 to rotate. During the engagement of the clutch, the first gear sleeve 4 squeezes the friction ring 20. Since the spindle motor 2 and the high-rigidity main shaft 1 are both stopped, the first gear sleeve 4 is further squeezed, and the compression spring 21 is deformed and compressed. The meshing mouth of the first gear sleeve 4 is engaged with the bevel teeth of the bevel sleeve 19. Then the first gear sleeve 4 continues to move, and the first gear sleeve 4 and the spline sleeve C10 are precisely meshed. The meshing is accelerated by the internal tooth bevel at the bottom of the first gear sleeve 4 and the top external tooth bevel of the spline sleeve C10. When the first gear sleeve 4 moves to the specified engagement depth, the control module stops driving the shift switching member. When the direct connection state needs to be switched to the deceleration and torque increase state, the opposite operation can be performed.

[0026] Example 3: In a vertical machining center, there are many processing situations. For example, in the processing of mold steel, there are many steps in the processing, such as roughing (low speed and high torque, removing most of the allowance) → semi-finishing (medium speed and medium torque, contour forming) → finishing (high speed, surface polishing). The processing parameters need to be frequently switched in one clamping process, which reduces production efficiency and prolongs the processing cycle. Therefore, it is necessary to switch between high speed and low speed at a high frequency. At the same time, it is also necessary to avoid the problem of insufficient engagement depth and engagement accuracy. In order to improve the processing efficiency and the processing node process, a speed regulating part is proposed in this embodiment 2. The friction force generated by electromagnetic coupling enables the spindle motor 2 to quickly realize the switching between direct connection and deceleration and torque increase without stopping, while also maintaining the engagement depth and accuracy. Specifically, the speed regulating part is arranged on the transmission part, and the speed regulating part includes a gear synchronization group and an electromagnetic part. The speed regulating part synchronizes the speed of the gear synchronization group through the friction force generated by the electromagnetic coupling of the electromagnetic part, and then cooperates with the switching of the gear shift switching part to achieve rapid gear shifting without stopping, and maintain the engagement depth and accuracy.

[0027] Specifically, the gear synchronization group includes a first synchronization group and a second synchronization group. The first synchronization group includes a transmission gear A15 and a driven gear A151. The first synchronization group consists of two groups, one group is provided between the spindle motor 2 and the transmission shaft 5, and the other group is provided between the transmission shaft 5 and the high-rigidity spindle 1. The two transmission gears A15 are fixed to the spindle motor 2 and the high-rigidity spindle 1 respectively. The two driven gears A151 are coaxially sleeved on the upper and lower ends of the transmission shaft 5. The second synchronization group is provided between the spindle motor 2 and the transmission shaft 5 and is located below the first synchronization group. The second synchronous group includes a transmission gear B16 and a driven gear B161. The transmission gear B16 is fixed to the spindle motor 2, and the driven gear B161 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 5. The transmission ratio of the first synchronous group and the spur gear A6 and the first gear sleeve 4 is 1:1, and the transmission ratio of the second synchronous group and the gear sleeve B8 and the spur gear C11 is 1:1. Therefore, when the first synchronous group or the second synchronous group is in a transmission state, the spur gear A6 and the first gear sleeve 4 or the gear sleeve B8 and the spur gear C11 are in the same speed state.

[0028] Specifically, the gear synchronization group is provided with an electromagnetic part, which includes a magnetic part and a clamping part. Each driven gear A151 and driven gear B161 is provided with a magnetic part including a telescopic cylinder 181, a telescopic rod 183, a magnetic sleeve 17, an electromagnetic ring 182 and a magnetic patch 184. Three magnetic sleeves 17 are fixed on the transmission shaft 5. The upper part of the driven gear A151 and the driven gear B161 are provided with an annular groove. There are four groups of fixedly connected telescopic cylinders 181 in an array on the annular groove. The telescopic cylinder 181 is fixed with an electromagnetic ring 182 at one end close to the transmission shaft 5. The telescopic cylinder 181 is fixed with an electromagnetic ring 182 at the side of the annular groove. The telescopic rod 183 slides in the telescopic cylinder 181, and a magnetic patch 184 is fixed to the end of the telescopic rod 183 near the transmission shaft 5. The magnetic sleeve 17, the electromagnetic ring 182 and the magnetic patch 184 are all electrically connected with the control module with magnetic poles and the power is controlled by the control module. When the magnetic sleeve 17, the electromagnetic ring 182 and the magnetic patch 184 are energized, the magnetic patch 184 is attracted to the magnetic sleeve 17, and the magnetic patch 184 is repelled from the electromagnetic ring 182. When the power is not energized, the tension spring 185 is located between the magnetic patch 184 and the ring groove, and the tension spring 185 separates the magnetic patch 184 from the magnetic sleeve 17.

[0029] Specifically, the clamping member includes a protrusion of the telescopic rod 183 and a groove of the magnetic sleeve 17. Through rigid clamping, the problem of partial failure of the instantaneous friction force of the electromagnetic coupling, which leads to a synchronization lag in the rotation speed, is solved.

[0030] The working principle of the second embodiment is as follows: when the direct drive is performed with deceleration and torque increase, the second gear part moves downward, the gear sleeve B8 and the spur gear C11 are disconnected, and the control module starts the two first synchronous groups. The external electricity is energized with the magnetic parts of the first synchronous group. Through the transmission ratio and magnetic parts of the first synchronous group, the rotation speed of the transmission shaft 5 and the high-rigidity main shaft 1 is consistent with the main shaft motor 2, and then the gear shift switching part drives the clutch part and the spline sleeve C10 to meet the meshing depth and precision. After that, the control module disconnects the power supply of the magnetic parts of the first synchronous group. When the first synchronous group rotates with the main shaft motor 2, the driven gear A151 is in self-rotation and does not drive the transmission shaft 5. When the direct drive turntable switches to the deceleration and torque increase state, the magnetic parts of the second synchronous group are energized, and the driven gear B161 drives the transmission shaft 5 to rotate through the magnetic part. At this time, the speed of the transmission shaft 5 is consistent with the speed in the direct connection state. At the same time, since the transmission ratio between the second synchronous group and the gear sleeve B8 and the spur gear C11 is 1:1, the shift switching member drives the gear sleeve B8 to move up and engage with the spur gear C11, and then drives the first gear sleeve 4 and the clutch to move up, and the clutch is disengaged from the spline sleeve C10. When disengaging, the control module disconnects the magnetic part of the second synchronous group and starts the magnetic part of the first synchronous group. Through the magnetic part of the first synchronous group, the transmission shaft 5 drives the spur gear A6 and the spindle motor 2 drives the first gear sleeve 4 to have the same speed, and then the shift switching member drives the first gear sleeve 4 to engage with the spur gear A6 to achieve deceleration and torque increase transmission.

[0031] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in terms of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments using the technical contents disclosed above. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-mode transmission spindle structure for a vertical machining center, characterized by: The transmission component includes a main body, a transmission component and a gear switching component, the transmission component is arranged in the switching box of the main body, the transmission component includes a clutch component and a third gear part, the clutch component slides on the main shaft motor of the main body, the third gear part is arranged on the high-rigidity main shaft of the main body, one end of the gear switching component is arranged in the switching box, and the other end is connected to the clutch component, the gear switching component is electrically connected to the control module of the main body, the control module of the main body starts to control the gear switching component to switch the engagement between the clutch component and the third gear part, thereby realizing the direct transmission and torque-increasing transmission of the transmission component, and realizing the deceleration and torque-increasing transmission of the transmission component through the transmission ratio of the transmission component.

2. The dual-mode transmission spindle structure of a vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a rotating shaft, which is arranged on an external mounting seat, a first gear ring is provided at the bottom of the spindle motor, a first meshing tooth is slidably connected to the first gear ring, and a third meshing tooth and a fourth meshing tooth are provided on the rotating shaft; a second gear ring is provided on the high-rigidity spindle, the second gear ring is slidably connected to the second meshing tooth, and the third meshing tooth and the fourth meshing tooth are provided on the rotating shaft, in a direct connection state, the first meshing tooth and the second gear ring are meshed, in a deceleration state and torque increase state, the first gear ring and the third meshing tooth are meshed, and the fourth meshing tooth and the second meshing tooth are meshed.

3. The dual-mode transmission spindle structure of a vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission part includes a clutch part and a torque-increasing part. The clutch part is coaxially slidably connected between the spindle motor and the high-rigidity spindle. The clutch part includes a bevel gear sleeve and a friction ring. The bevel gear sleeve slides on the third gear part, and a friction ring slides on the bevel gear sleeve.

4. The dual-mode transmission spindle structure of a vertical machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: The torque increasing member includes a torque increasing gear set and a transmission shaft, and the torque increasing gear set is arranged on the main shaft motor.

5. The dual-mode transmission spindle structure of a vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear shift switching parts are divided into two groups, including an electric push rod and a lifting plate. The electric push rod is arranged in the switching box and is electrically connected to the control module and controlled by the control module. The lifting plate is arranged on the electric push rod.

6. The dual-mode transmission spindle structure of a vertical machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that: The torque-increasing gear set includes a first gear portion, a second gear portion, a spur gear A and a third gear portion. The first gear portion is arranged on the spindle motor, the second gear portion and the spur gear A are arranged on the transmission shaft, the spur gear A is meshed with the first gear portion, and the third gear portion is arranged on the high-rigidity spindle, and the second gear portion is meshed with the third gear portion.

7. The dual-mode transmission spindle structure of a vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a speed regulating component, which is arranged on the transmission component. The speed regulating component includes a gear synchronization group and an electromagnetic component. The electromagnetic component is electrically connected to the control module and controlled by the control module. The speed regulating component synchronizes the speed of the gear synchronization group through the friction force generated by the electromagnetic coupling of the electromagnetic component.

8. The dual-mode transmission spindle structure of a vertical machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gear synchronization group includes a first synchronization group and a second synchronization group. The first synchronization group consists of two groups, one group has two ends respectively arranged on the spindle motor and the transmission shaft, and the other group has two ends respectively arranged on the transmission shaft and the high-rigidity spindle. The second synchronization group is arranged on the spindle motor and the transmission shaft and is located below the first synchronization group.

9. The dual-mode transmission spindle structure of a vertical machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electromagnetic component includes a magnetic component and a clamping component. The magnetic component includes a telescopic cylinder, a telescopic rod, a magnetic sleeve, an electromagnetic ring and a magnetic patch.

10. The dual-mode transmission spindle structure of a vertical machining center according to claim 9, characterized in that: The clamping member includes a protrusion of the telescopic rod and a groove of the magnetic sleeve, and the protrusion is matched with the groove.

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