Double-mode transmission spindle structure of vertical machining center

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of machining center, and particularly relates to a vertical machining center double-mode transmission spindle structure. The vertical machining center double-mode transmission spindle structure solves the problems of transmission slip and vibration caused by the insufficient engagement depth and precision of the traditional clutch, and comprises a main body, a transmission member and a gear shifting member. The transmission member is arranged in a switching box of the main body and is used for direct transmission and torque increasing transmission. The gear shifting member is arranged at one end of the switching box and connected with the transmission member at the other end. The gear shifting member is electrically connected with a control module of the main body. The gear shifting member drives the clutch to switch the transmission path of the transmission member to realize the direct transmission and the speed reduction and torque increasing transmission of the transmission member. The engagement depth and precision are improved through the cooperation between the first gear sleeve and the spline sleeve C of the gear shifting member, so as to ensure the transmission efficiency and torque force during machining.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of machining centers, and particularly relates to a vertical machining center dual-mode transmission spindle structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional vertical machining centers need to meet the needs of different working conditions for the same machining object, so the vertical machining center is generally composed of a switching box, a spindle motor and a high-rigidity spindle, and is divided into a part machine and a mold machine according to the torsion and speed of the high-rigidity spindle. The part machine generally uses a direct spindle, which is directly driven by a motor without an intermediate transmission device (such as a belt or a gear), so the power transmission loss is small, the speed is more stable, the dynamic response is fast, and it is suitable for high-precision machining fields; while the mold machine is commonly used for machining steel and castings, in order to obtain greater torque, the mold machine uses a belt or gear transmission structure to achieve high torque at low speed, which is suitable for heavy cutting.

[0003] At present, in the process of switching between rough machining and finish machining, in order to prevent gear tooth phenomenon and ensure the transmission efficiency of the gear, a shift assembly is usually used to push the clutch to switch, and because the clutch of the vertical machining center is once engaged, it usually maintains a "complete engagement" state for a long time to cope with the continuous cutting load, and the existing automobile clutch frequently experiences "separation and engagement" during driving, and the engagement degree continuously changes with the shift action, so the engagement degree between the clutch of the machining center and the high-rigidity spindle needs to be deeper, and the engagement precision needs to be more precise, so that the torque transmission is more balanced and smooth when machining the workpiece, so as to improve the transmission efficiency and accurate transmission torque, therefore the spindle motor is stopped before switching, the shaft is stopped rotating, and then the shift assembly is driven to switch, so that the engagement depth and precision are maintained to improve the transmission efficiency, and the transmission slip and vibration problems caused by the insufficient engagement depth and precision of the traditional clutch are solved. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present application provides a vertical machining center dual-mode transmission spindle structure.

[0005] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The application discloses a double-mode transmission main shaft structure of a vertical machining center, which comprises a main body, a transmission part and a gear shifting part.

[0007] Preferably, the main shaft motor is provided with a first gear ring, the first gear ring is slidably connected with a first meshing tooth, and the rotating shaft is provided with a third meshing tooth and a fourth meshing tooth; the high-rigidity main shaft is provided with a second gear ring, the second gear ring is slidably connected with a second meshing tooth, the rotating shaft is arranged in the external mounting base, and the rotating shaft is provided with the third meshing tooth and the fourth meshing tooth; in the direct connection state, the first meshing tooth is engaged with the second gear ring; in the torque increasing and speed reducing state, the first gear ring is engaged with the third meshing tooth, and the fourth meshing tooth is engaged with the second meshing tooth.

[0008] Preferably, the transmission part comprises a clutch and a torque increasing part, the clutch is coaxially and slidably connected between the main shaft motor and the high-rigidity main shaft; the clutch comprises a bevel gear sleeve and a friction ring, the bevel gear sleeve is slidably connected with the third gear part, and the friction ring is slidably arranged on the bevel gear sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, the torque increasing part comprises a torque increasing gear set and a transmission shaft, the torque increasing gear set is arranged on the main shaft motor, the high-rigidity main shaft and the transmission shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the gear shifting part comprises two groups of electric push rods and lifting plates, the electric push rods are arranged in the gear shifting box and are electrically connected with the control module and controlled by the control module, and the lifting plates are arranged on the electric push rods.

[0011] Preferably, the torque increasing gear set comprises a first gear part, a second gear part, a spur gear A and a third gear part, the first gear part is arranged on the main shaft motor, the second gear part and the spur gear A are arranged on the transmission shaft, the spur gear A is engaged with the first gear part, the third gear part is arranged on the high-rigidity main shaft, and the second gear part is engaged with the third gear part.

[0012] Preferably, the application further comprises a rotating speed adjusting part, the rotating speed adjusting part is arranged on the transmission part, the rotating speed adjusting part comprises a gear synchronous set and an electromagnetic part, the electromagnetic part is electrically connected with the control module and controlled by the control module, and the rotating speed adjusting part is synchronized in rotating speed through the friction force generated by electromagnetic coupling of the electromagnetic part.

[0013] Preferably, the gear synchronization group comprises a first synchronization group and a second synchronization group, the first synchronization group is two groups, one group is arranged on the main shaft motor and the transmission shaft, and the other group is arranged on the transmission shaft and the high-rigidity main shaft, and the second synchronization group is arranged on the main shaft motor and the transmission shaft and below the first synchronization group.

[0014] Preferably, the electromagnetic member comprises a magnetic force member and a clamping member, the magnetic force member comprises a telescopic cylinder, a telescopic rod, a magnetic sleeve, an electromagnetic ring and a magnetic patch.

[0015] Preferably, the clamping member comprises a protruding part of the telescopic rod and a groove of the magnetic sleeve.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application are: 1. The control module of the main body is started to drive the clutch of the gear shifting switch for switching the transmission path of the transmission member, realizing the direct drive transmission and the speed reduction and torque increasing transmission of the transmission member, and at the same time, a plurality of engagement openings are arranged in the bottom array, the engagement openings are matched with the bevel gears of the bevel gear sleeve, and can be rigidly clamped, in addition, the inner tooth edge of the bottom of the first gear sleeve and the inner tooth edge of the top of the spline sleeve C are both inclined surfaces, which can speed up the engagement smoothness, through the cooperation between the first gear sleeve and the spline sleeve C of the gear shifting switch, the engagement depth and the engagement accuracy are improved, and the transmission efficiency and the torque force during processing are ensured, and the problems of transmission slip and vibration caused by the insufficient engagement depth and accuracy of the traditional clutch are solved.

[0017] 2. The rotation speed adjusting member is synchronized in rotation speed by the friction force generated by the electromagnetic coupling of the electromagnetic member, and then the gear synchronization group is switched by the gear shifting switch, realizing the non-stop quick gear shifting and maintaining the engagement depth and accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present application will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of the direct connection state of the first main shaft of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a front view schematic diagram of the torque increasing state of the first main shaft of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the second main shaft of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the interior of the second main shaft of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of part of the second main shaft of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of part of the second main shaft of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7Fig. 2 is a partial exploded perspective view of the second main shaft of the present application;

[0026] Figure 8 Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the first gear sleeve of the second main shaft of the present application;

[0027] Figure 9 Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the rotational speed adjusting member of the second main shaft of the present application;

[0028] Figure 10 Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the electromagnetic member of the second main shaft of the present application;

[0029] Figure 11 Fig. 6 is a partially exploded perspective view of the electromagnetic member of the second main shaft of the present application;

[0030] Legend: 01, switching box; 1, high-rigidity main shaft; 2, main shaft motor; 09, first ring gear; 03, first meshing tooth; 08, second ring gear; 04, second meshing tooth; 07, rotating shaft; 05, third meshing tooth; 06, fourth meshing tooth; 3, first spline sleeve; 4, first gear sleeve; 5, transmission shaft; 6, spur gear A; 7, second spline sleeve; 8, gear sleeve B; 10, spline sleeve C; 11, spur gear C; 12, electric push rod A; 13, electric push rod B; 14, lifting plate; 15, transmission gear A; 151, driven gear A; 16, transmission gear B; 161, driven gear B; 17, magnetic sleeve; 181, fixed sleeve; 182, electromagnetic ring; 183, clamping rod; 184, magnetic sheet; 185, tension spring; 19, bevel gear sleeve; 20, friction ring; 21, compression spring; 22, return spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to further illustrate the technical means adopted by the present application and the effects achieved, the specific embodiments, structures, features and effects of the present application are described in detail below in combination with the drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] Reference Figures 1-2As shown, the conventional vertical machining center needs to meet the needs of different working conditions of the same machining object, so the vertical machining center is generally composed of a switching box 01, a spindle motor 2 and a high rigidity spindle 1, and is divided into a part machine and a mold machine according to the torque and speed of the high rigidity spindle 1; therefore, it is urgent to combine the two to realize switching; the embodiment provides a vertical machining center double-mode transmission spindle structure, which comprises a spindle motor 2 and a high rigidity spindle 1, wherein first, the spindle motor 2 and the high rigidity spindle 1 and the shaft body of the rotating shaft 07 are all rotatably connected to the external mounting seat, the bottom of the spindle motor 2 is fixedly connected with a first gear ring 09, the inner and outer rings of the first meshing tooth 03 are all gears, the first gear ring 09 is slidably connected with the first meshing tooth 03, and the rotating shaft 07 is fixedly connected with a third meshing tooth 05 and a fourth meshing tooth 06; the high rigidity spindle 1 is fixedly connected with a second gear ring 08, the second gear ring 08 is slidably connected with a second meshing tooth 04, in the direct connection state, the first meshing tooth 03 is engaged with the second gear ring 08, the spindle motor 2 drives the first gear ring 09, the first meshing tooth 03, the second gear ring 08, the second meshing tooth 04 and the high rigidity spindle 1 to rotate at high speed for fine machining, and when the speed reduction and torque increase state is needed, the spindle motor 2 in the direct connection state is closed, so that the spindle motor 2 and the high rigidity spindle 1 are both stopped, after being stationary, the second meshing tooth 04 and the first meshing tooth 03 are synchronously moved by the external pusher, the second meshing tooth 04 and the fourth meshing tooth 06 are engaged, and the first meshing tooth 03 and the third meshing tooth 05 are engaged, therefore, the spindle motor 2 drives the first meshing tooth 03, the first meshing tooth 03, the rotating shaft 07, the third meshing tooth 05 and the fourth meshing tooth 06, the second meshing tooth 04 and the high rigidity spindle 1 are driven to rotate together through the fourth meshing tooth 06, the speed reduction and torque increase transmission is realized, and rough machining is performed, the transmission ratio of the first meshing tooth 03 and the third meshing tooth 05 is 57 / 33, and the transmission ratio of the fourth meshing tooth 06 and the second meshing tooth 04 is 68 / 40; different gear ratios between the first meshing tooth 03, the third meshing tooth 05, the fourth meshing and the second meshing tooth 04 form different transmission ratios to change the speed reduction and torque increase effect, and the transmission ratio is calculated as X57 / 33=2.936, so that the torque of the spindle is increased to 2.936 times of the original torque, to meet the requirements of the fine-rough machining replacement of the machining center heavy cutting, when the direct connection state is needed to be switched back, the spindle motor 2 is also closed, after being stationary, the external pusher is used manually to switch, to meet the requirements of the rough-fine machining replacement of the machining center.

[0034] Embodiment two:

[0035] This embodiment is another form of switching of embodiment one, that is, the second spindle, referring to Figures 3-9As shown, the conventional vertical machining center needs to meet the needs of different working conditions of the same machining object Therefore, the vertical machining center is generally composed of a switching box 01, a spindle motor 2 and a high-rigidity spindle 1, and is divided into a part machine and a mold machine according to the torsion and speed of the high-rigidity spindle 1; and the two are combined, and a gear shifting assembly is usually used to push a clutch to switch. Once the clutch of the vertical machining center is engaged, it usually maintains a "full engagement" state for a long time to cope with the continuous cutting load, and the clutch of the automobile frequently experiences "separation and engagement" during driving. The engagement degree continuously changes with the gear shifting action, which causes insufficient engagement depth and precision, resulting in transmission slip and vibration problems. To solve the above problems, the embodiment proposes to improve the engagement depth and precision by matching the first gear sleeve 4 and the spline sleeve C10 of the gear shifting switch, and to ensure the transmission efficiency and torque force during machining. Specifically, a vertical machining center dual-mode transmission spindle structure includes a main body, a transmission member and a gear shifting switch. The transmission member is arranged in the switching box 01 of the main body. The transmission member is used for direct transmission and torque transmission. The transmission member is in a sealed environment in the switching box 01, which reduces the influence of environmental factors on the efficiency of the transmission member. One end of the gear shifting switch is arranged in the switching box 01, and the other end is connected with the transmission member. The gear shifting switch is electrically connected with the control module of the main body. Specifically, the transmission member includes a clutch. The control module of the main body starts to drive the clutch of the gear shifting switch to switch the transmission path of the transmission member, so as to realize direct transmission and speed reduction and torque increasing transmission of the transmission member. Specifically, in the direct drive state, the spindle motor 2 drives the transmission member at a faster speed. The transmission member drives the high-rigidity spindle 1 to realize high-speed precision machining through the clutch. The high-rigidity spindle 1 drives the external cutter to perform precision machining. At the same time, in the switching speed reduction and torque increasing drive state, the spindle motor 2 stops driving, and the spindle stops. After the spindle stops, the gear shifting switch is started to drive the clutch in the transmission member to change the transmission path, so that high-speed precision machining is changed to low-speed high-torque rotation. The low-speed high-torque rotation also enables the high-rigidity spindle 1 to cooperate with the external cutter to perform rough machining.

[0036] Specifically, the torque increasing member includes a torque increasing gear set and a transmission shaft 5, the torque increasing gear set is arranged on the main shaft motor 2, the high rigidity main shaft 1 and the transmission shaft 5, and includes a first gear part, a second gear part, a straight gear A6 and a third gear part, the first gear part includes a first spline sleeve 3 and a first gear sleeve 4, the first spline sleeve 3 is fixed on the main shaft motor 2, and the first gear sleeve 4 is slidably arranged on the first spline sleeve 3 and connected with a group of gear shifting members, the second gear part and the straight gear A6 are arranged on the transmission shaft 5, the second gear part includes a second spline sleeve 7 and a gear sleeve B8, the second spline sleeve 7 is fixed on the transmission shaft 5, and the gear sleeve B8 is also slidably arranged on the first spline sleeve 3 and connected with another group of gear shifting members, the third gear part is arranged on the high rigidity main shaft 1, the second gear part is engaged with the third gear part, the third gear part includes a spline sleeve C10 fixed on the high rigidity main shaft 1 and a straight gear C11 fixed on the spline sleeve C10, the surfaces of the first gear sleeve 4 and the gear sleeve B8 are provided with gears, the straight gear A6 is engaged with the first gear sleeve 4, the transmission ratio is 57 / 33, and the transmission ratio of the straight gear C11 and the gear sleeve B8 is 68 / 40; different gear ratios are formed between the first gear part, the second gear part and the third gear part to change the speed reduction and torque increasing effect, and the transmission ratio is calculated as X57 / 33=2.936, so that the torque of the main shaft is increased to 2.936 times of the original torque, and the rough machining requirement of heavy cutting of the machining center is met.

[0037] Specifically, the gear shifting members are two groups, including electric push rods and a lifting plate 14, the two electric push rods are both arranged vertically downward, one end of each of the electric push rods is fixed on the shifting box 01, the lifting plate 14 is fixed on the end of each of the electric push rods away from the shifting box 01, the two electric push rods are an electric push rod A12 and an electric push rod B13, the length of the electric push rod B13 is greater than that of the electric push rod A12, the lifting plate 14 on the electric push rod A12 is sleeved with the first gear sleeve 4, and plays a supporting and rotating sliding role on the first gear sleeve 4, and the lifting plate 14 on the electric push rod B13 is sleeved with the gear sleeve B8, and plays the same role as the lifting plate 14 on the electric push rod A12.

[0038] Specifically, the clutch member includes a bevel gear sleeve 19 and a friction ring 20, the bevel gear sleeve 19 is slidably arranged on the spline sleeve C10, the friction ring 20 is coaxially and slidably arranged on the bevel gear sleeve 19, the bevel gear sleeve 19 is connected with the straight gear C11 through a return spring 22, the return spring 22 also plays a supporting role, the friction ring 20 is provided with a compression spring 21 between the bevel gear sleeve 19, and a plurality of engagement openings are arranged on the bottom of the first gear sleeve 4, the engagement openings are matched with the bevel gears of the bevel gear sleeve 19, and can be rigidly connected, in addition, the inner tooth edge of the bottom of the first gear sleeve 4 and the inner tooth edge of the top of the spline sleeve C10 are both inclined surfaces, and the engagement smoothness can be improved.

[0039] The specific working principle in this embodiment 2 is: in the speed reduction and torque increasing transmission state, the main shaft motor 2 is started, the first gear part is driven to rotate synchronously in the positive direction by the main shaft of the main shaft motor 2, the spur gear A6 is engaged with the first gear sleeve 4, the first gear sleeve 4 drives the spur gear A6, the transmission shaft 5 and the second gear part to rotate reversely, the second gear part drives the spur gear C11 and the high-rigidity main shaft 1 to rotate in the positive direction through the engagement with the spur gear C11, and the speed reduction and torque increasing are realized among the first gear part, the second gear part and the third gear part through the gear ratio; when it is needed to switch to the direct connection state, the control module starts the gear shifting switch, the lifting plate of the gear shifting switch pushes the first gear sleeve 4 and the gear sleeve B8 to move, the first gear sleeve 4 is disconnected with the spur gear A6, the gear sleeve B8 is disconnected with the spur gear C11, the first gear sleeve 4 drives the clutch member to engage with the spline sleeve C10, the spline sleeve C10 drives the high-rigidity main shaft 1 to rotate, and the first gear sleeve 4 extrudes the friction ring 20 in the process of engaging the clutch member, since the main shaft motor 2 and the high-rigidity main shaft 1 are both stopped, the first gear sleeve 4 is further extruded, the compression spring 21 is deformed and compressed, the engagement port of the first gear sleeve 4 is clamped with the bevel gear sleeve 19, then the first gear sleeve 4 continues to move, the first gear sleeve 4 and the spline sleeve C10 are precisely engaged, and the engagement is accelerated through the inner tooth inclined surface at the bottom of the first gear sleeve 4 and the outer tooth inclined surface at the top of the spline sleeve C10, when the first gear sleeve 4 moves to the specified engagement depth, the control module stops driving the gear shifting switch, and when it is needed to switch the direct connection state to the speed reduction and torque increasing state, the operation is reversed.

[0040] Embodiment 3

[0041] In the vertical machining center, there are many machining conditions, for example, in the machining of die steel, there are many steps in the machining process, such as roughing (low speed and high torque, removing most of the excess) → semi-finishing (medium speed and medium torque, profile forming) → finishing (high speed, surface polishing), which needs to frequently switch the machining parameters in one clamping machining, the production efficiency is reduced, and the machining cycle is prolonged, so high-frequency switching of high speed and low speed is needed, and the problem of insufficient engagement depth and engagement precision also needs to be avoided, and in order to improve the machining efficiency and the machining node process, the speed adjusting member is proposed in this embodiment 2, the friction force generated by electromagnetic coupling enables the main shaft motor 2 to quickly switch between direct connection and speed reduction and torque increasing without stopping, and the engagement depth and precision are also maintained; specifically, the speed adjusting member is arranged on the transmission member, the speed adjusting member includes a gear synchronous group and an electromagnetic member, the speed adjusting member synchronizes the speed of the gear synchronous group through the friction force generated by electromagnetic coupling of the electromagnetic member, and then the gear shifting switch is switched to realize non-stop quick gear shifting and maintain the engagement depth and precision.

[0042] Specifically, the gear synchronous group includes a first synchronous group and a second synchronous group. The first synchronous group includes a driving gear A15 and a driven gear A151. The first synchronous group is in two groups, one group is arranged on the main shaft motor 2 and the transmission shaft 5, and the other group is arranged on the transmission shaft 5 and the high-rigidity main shaft 1. Two driving gears A15 are fixed on the main shaft motor 2 and the high-rigidity main shaft 1 respectively. Two driven gears A151 are coaxially sleeved on the upper and lower ends of the transmission shaft 5. The second synchronous group is arranged below the first synchronous group between the main shaft motor 2 and the transmission shaft 5. The second synchronous group includes a driving gear B16 and a driven gear B161. The driving gear B16 is fixed on the main shaft motor 2. The driven gear B161 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 5. The transmission ratio between the first synchronous group and the spur gear A6 and the first gear sleeve 4 is 1:1. The transmission ratio between the second synchronous group and the gear sleeve B8 and the spur gear C11 is 1:1. Therefore, when the first synchronous group or the second synchronous group is in a transmission state, the spur gear A6 and the first gear sleeve 4 or the gear sleeve B8 and the spur gear C11 are in a same speed state.

[0043] Specifically, the gear synchronous group is provided with an electromagnetic member. The electromagnetic member includes a magnetic force member and a clamping member. Each of the driven gear A151 and the driven gear B161 is provided with the magnetic force member including a telescopic cylinder 181, a telescopic rod 183, a magnetic sleeve 17, an electromagnetic ring 182 and a magnetic patch 184. Three magnetic sleeves 17 are fixed on the transmission shaft 5. The upper parts of the driven gear A151 and the driven gear B161 are each provided with a ring groove. Four groups of the telescopic cylinder 181 are fixedly connected to the ring groove. The electromagnetic ring 182 is fixed to one end of the telescopic cylinder 181 close to the transmission shaft 5. The telescopic cylinder 181 is fixed to the side surface of the ring groove. The telescopic rod 183 slides in the telescopic cylinder 181. The magnetic patch 184 is fixed to one end of the telescopic rod 183 close to the transmission shaft 5. The magnetic sleeve 17, the electromagnetic ring 182 and the magnetic patch 184 are all magnetically polarized and electrically connected to the control module and controlled by the control module. When the magnetic sleeve 17, the electromagnetic ring 182 and the magnetic patch 184 are electrified, the magnetic patch 184 is attracted to the magnetic sleeve 17, and the magnetic patch 184 is repelled from the electromagnetic ring 182. When the magnetic sleeve 17, the electromagnetic ring 182 and the magnetic patch 184 are not electrified, the tension spring 185 is located between the magnetic patch 184 and the ring groove. The tension spring 185 separates the magnetic patch 184 from the magnetic sleeve 17.

[0044] Specifically, the clamping member includes a convex part of the telescopic rod 183 and a recess of the magnetic sleeve 17. Through rigid clamping, the problem of synchronous lag of rotational speed caused by partial failure of instantaneous friction of electromagnetic coupling is solved.

[0045] The working principle of this embodiment 2 is that: when the speed reduction and torque increase direct drive, the second gear part moves down, the gear sleeve B8 and the spur gear C11 are disconnected, the control module starts two first synchronization groups, the external electricity is electrified with the magnetic force piece of the first synchronization group, through the transmission ratio and the magnetic force piece of the first synchronization group, the rotating speed of the transmission shaft 5 and the high rigidity main shaft 1 is consistent with the main shaft motor 2, and then the gear sleeve B8 is driven to the gear sleeve C10 to achieve the engagement depth and precision, then the control module disconnects the power supply of the magnetic force piece of the first synchronization group, and the driven gear A151 rotates without driving the transmission shaft 5 when the first synchronization group rotates with the main shaft motor 2, and when the direct drive rotary table is switched to the speed reduction and torque increase state, the magnetic force piece of the second synchronization group is electrified, the driven gear B161 drives the transmission shaft 5 to rotate through the magnetic force piece, at this time the rotating speed of the transmission shaft 5 is consistent with that in the direct connection state, at the same time, since the transmission ratio between the second synchronization group and the gear sleeve B8 and the spur gear C11 is 1:1, the gear sleeve B8 is driven to mesh with the spur gear C11 by the gear sleeve B8, and then the first gear sleeve 4 and the clutch are driven to move up, and the clutch is disconnected with the spline sleeve C10, and at the same time of disconnection, the control module disconnects the magnetic force piece of the second synchronization group, and starts the magnetic force piece of the first synchronization group, through the magnetic force piece of the first synchronization group, the rotating speed of the transmission shaft 5 drives the spur gear A6 and the main shaft motor 2 to drive the first gear sleeve 4, and then the first gear sleeve 4 is driven to mesh with the spur gear A6 by the gear sleeve B8, and the speed reduction and torque increase transmission is realized.

[0046] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form. Although the present application has been disclosed as the above preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present application, and any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to the above disclosed technical content to obtain equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical solution of the present application. Any modification, change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application, without departing from the technical solution of the present application, are still within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A dual-mode transmission spindle structure for a vertical machining center, characterized in that: The device includes a main body, a transmission component, and a gear shifting component. The transmission component is located inside the shifting box of the main body and includes a clutch and a third gear. The clutch slides on the main shaft motor of the main body, and the third gear is located on the high-rigidity main shaft of the main body. One end of the gear shifting component is located in the shifting box, and the other end is connected to the clutch. The gear shifting component is electrically connected to the control module of the main body. The control module of the main body starts and controls the gear shifting component to switch the engagement between the clutch and the third gear, thereby realizing the direct drive and torque-increasing drive of the transmission component. The transmission ratio of the transmission component is used to achieve the deceleration and torque-increasing drive of the transmission component. The transmission component includes a clutch and a torque amplifying component. The clutch is coaxially and slidably connected between the main spindle motor and the high-rigidity main spindle. The clutch includes a bevel gear sleeve and a friction ring. The bevel gear sleeve slides on the third gear section, and the friction ring slides on the bevel gear sleeve. The torque amplifying component includes a torque amplifying gear set and a transmission shaft. The torque amplifying gear set is located on the main spindle motor. The transmission component also includes a speed regulating component. The speed regulating component is located on the transmission component. The speed regulating component includes a gear synchronization set and an electromagnetic component. The electromagnetic component is electrically connected to and controlled by the control module. The speed regulating component synchronizes the speed of the gear synchronization set through the frictional force generated by the electromagnetic coupling of the electromagnetic component. The gear synchronization group includes a first synchronization group and a second synchronization group. The first synchronization group consists of two groups, one of which is respectively located between the main spindle motor and the drive shaft, and the other of which is respectively located between the drive shaft and the high-rigidity main spindle. The second synchronization group is located between the main spindle motor and the drive shaft and is situated between the two first synchronization groups. The electromagnetic component includes a magnetic component and a snap-fit ​​component. The magnetic component includes a telescopic cylinder, a telescopic rod, a magnetic sleeve, an electromagnetic ring, and a magnetic patch. The snap-fit ​​component includes a protrusion of the telescopic rod and a groove of the magnetic sleeve, with the protrusion engaging with the groove.

2. The dual-mode transmission spindle structure of a vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a rotating shaft, which is mounted on an external mounting base. The bottom of the main spindle motor is provided with a first gear ring, on which a first meshing tooth is slidably connected. The rotating shaft is provided with a third meshing tooth and a fourth meshing tooth. The high-rigidity main shaft is provided with a second gear ring, on which a second meshing tooth is slidably connected. The rotating shaft is provided with the third meshing tooth and the fourth meshing tooth. In the direct-drive state, the first meshing tooth and the second gear ring mesh. In the deceleration and torque-increasing state, the first gear ring and the third meshing tooth mesh, and the fourth meshing tooth and the second meshing tooth mesh.

3. The dual-mode transmission spindle structure of a vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear shifting device consists of two sets, including an electric push rod and a lifting plate. The electric push rod is located in the shifting box and is electrically connected to the control module and controlled by the control module. The lifting plate is located on the electric push rod.

4. The dual-mode transmission spindle structure of a vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torque-increasing gear set includes a first gear section, a second gear section, a spur gear A, and a third gear section. The first gear section is located on the main shaft motor, the second gear section and the spur gear A are located on the transmission shaft, the spur gear A meshes with the first gear section, and the third gear section is located on the high-rigidity main shaft, the second gear section meshes with the third gear section.

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