Hydraulic self-centering clamp and using method thereof

Abstract

The hydraulic self-centering clamp comprises a hydraulic device, a clamp body and a clamping jaw seat, a wedge-shaped steering block and two sliding rail blocks which are matched with each other are arranged in the clamp body, and the hydraulic device provides vertical moving power for the steering block. The wedge-shaped matching between the steering block and the two sliding rail blocks is converted into the opening and closing action of the two sliding rail blocks, the two clamping jaw seat bodies in the clamping jaw seat are fixed to the two sliding rail blocks respectively, and the clamping function is achieved along with the opening and closing action of the sliding rail blocks. A series of machining requirements and discharging requirements such as self-centering positioning and clamping and automatic discharging can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic self-centering clamps and relates to a hydraulic self-centering clamp and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the machining of small structural parts, especially gasket-like parts with circular or rotating features, in order to ensure accurate clamping and positioning during machining, it is necessary to design a fixture with a self-centering structure based on the specific structure of the part to meet actual machining requirements. The commonly adopted technical solution is to use radial self-centering positioning to ensure that the center of the part raw material is facing the machining center after the fixture is tightened, so that the machining dimensional characteristics after machining maintain a certain central symmetry. After positioning is completed, the clamping relies on axial clamping to meet the reliability of the actual machining conditions during machining, reduce vibration, and improve machining quality. However, the radial self-centering positioning and axial clamping solutions have low clamping efficiency due to the separate positioning and clamping characteristics. When facing large-scale processing orders, if automated processing technology is used, this solution is not easy to meet the technical requirements of automatic clamping and automatic unloading. If CNC machining technology is used, the axial clamping solution will interfere with the cutting tools used in machining, affecting the formulation and implementation of the overall processing plan.

[0003] In addition, the direction of the clamping force source in the usual fixture design is consistent with the direction of the clamping action. This can ensure the transmission efficiency of the clamping force and the simplicity of the fixture structure. However, in actual use, especially in CNC machining, considering the operation of the equipment spindle and tool, the design method of the same-direction clamping force is not conducive to the compactness and functionality of the fixture structure to a certain extent.

[0004] To sum up, in response to the technical requirements of automated processing solutions, a clamping device and its use method are needed that can not only meet the needs of automated CNC processing, but also realize the self-centering clamping function and have the automatic unloading function, so as to achieve the purpose of solving the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a hydraulic self-centering clamp and a method of using the same, which can ensure a series of processing and unloading requirements such as self-centering positioning and clamping, automatic unloading, etc. of such parts products.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A hydraulic self-centering clamp includes a hydraulic device 01, a clamp body 02, and a claw seat 03. The clamp body 02 is equipped with a matching wedge-shaped steering block 09 and two slide blocks 05. The hydraulic device 01 provides the steering block 09 with upward and downward movement power, which is converted into the opening and closing movement of the two slide blocks 05 through the wedge-shaped cooperation between the steering block 09 and the two slide blocks 05. The two claw seat bodies 20 in the claw seat 03 are respectively fixed to the two slide blocks 05, and the clamping function is realized by the opening and closing movement of the slide blocks 05. Specifically:

[0008] The hydraulic device 01 has a built-in piston, which divides the inner cavity of the hydraulic device 01 into an upper part and a lower part, and both parts are provided with an oil inlet.

[0009] The clamping body 02 includes a slide rail base 04, a slide rail block 05, a steering block 09 and a connecting rod 10.

[0010] The slide rail base 04 is fixed in the workstation installation area, and a strip-shaped through groove is formed on its upper end. Inner slide rails 12 are symmetrically arranged on both side walls of the through groove, and a through hole is formed in the center of the bottom of the through groove.

[0011] The two slide blocks 05 have the same structure and are symmetrically placed in the through groove of the slide base 04. Both sides of the two slide blocks are provided with outer slide rails 07 that match the inner slide rail 12 and slide together, which are used to limit the movement of the slide block 05. The opposite sides of the two slide blocks 05 are both made with inclined surfaces, so that the spacing between the two slide blocks 05 is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. The inclined surfaces are both made with I-shaped protrusions arranged up and down, which are used to slide with the steering block 09. The top surfaces of the two slide blocks 05 are higher than the top surface of the slide base 04.

[0012] The steering block 09 is a wedge-shaped block that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. It is placed between the two slide blocks 05. I-shaped grooves are made on the inclined surfaces on both sides of it, which slide with the I-shaped protrusions on the two slide blocks 05. The height of the steering block 09 is smaller than the slide block 05. The center of its bottom is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 10. The connecting rod 10 passes through the through hole at the bottom center of the through groove of the slide base 04 and is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic device 01. The piston of the hydraulic device 01 drives the steering block 09 to move up and down through the connecting rod 10. The steering block 09 cooperates with the two slide blocks 05 to convert the relative or opposite movement of the two slide blocks 05.

[0013] The jaw base 03 comprises two self-centering clamping blocks 15 and two jaw base bodies 20. The two jaw base bodies 20 are identical in structure and are fixed to the tops of the two slide rail blocks 05, respectively. The jaw base bodies 20 move synchronously with the slide rail blocks 05. Two self-centering clamping blocks 15 of identical structure are fixedly mounted symmetrically on one side of the two jaw base bodies 20. The two self-centering clamping blocks 15 move synchronously with the two jaw base bodies 20. The opposite sides of the two self-centering clamping blocks 15 are clamping surfaces that match the shape of the clamped part, used to tightly clamp the clamped part and self-center it.

[0014] Furthermore, the side of the slide rail base 04 is formed with a slide rail base oil filling hole 13 communicating with the through groove, and an oil nozzle 11 is installed in the slide rail base oil filling hole 13 for injecting lubricating oil into the through groove to reduce wear.

[0015] Furthermore, the manufacturing precision tolerance of the outer slide rail 07 is 0-0.05mm to ensure smooth sliding and stability of the slide rail block 05.

[0016] Furthermore, the two slide blocks 05 are both provided with slide block oil filling holes 08 communicating with the inclined surface on their opposite sides, and an oil nozzle 11 is installed in the slide block oil filling hole 08 for injecting lubricating oil into the mating surfaces of the slide block 05 and the steering block 09 to reduce wear.

[0017] Furthermore, the axis of the I-shaped groove on both sides of the steering block 09 forms an angle α with the horizontal, and the movement conversion ratio between its vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the two slide blocks 05 is: tanα, that is, L = H × tanα, where L is the horizontal movement distance of a single slide block 05, and H is the vertical movement distance of the steering block 09.

[0018] Furthermore, the clamping surfaces of the two self-centering clamps 15 are formed with air holes 21, and the two jaw seat bodies 20 are formed with air inlet holes 18. The air outlet holes 21 are communicated with the air inlet holes 18, and high-speed gas is introduced from the air inlet holes 18 to realize the unloading of the clamped parts.

[0019] A method for using the hydraulic self-centering clamp comprises the following steps:

[0020] Step 1, install the clamp body 02 on the processing station; install the self-centering clamp block 15 on the two claw seat bodies 20; install the claw seat body 20 on the slide rail base 04.

[0021] Step 2: Connect the assembled clamp body 02 to the hydraulic device 01 via the connecting rod 10, and connect the air inlet 18 to an external air source.

[0022] Step 3, pre-commissioning of the fixture: first, lubricate the inner slide rail 12 and the joints of the slide rail block 05 and the steering block 09 through the oil nozzle 11. The oil filling should be sufficient to ensure that the slide rail block 05 and the steering block 09 can smoothly complete the relevant actions; ventilation commissioning: by switching on the external air source, check the gas discharge of the air outlet 21. When the air source switch is turned on, the air outlet 21 should have a large air flow normally discharged. When the air source is closed, there should be no gas leakage from the air outlet 21; hydraulic commissioning: when oil is fed into the upper oil inlet of the hydraulic device 01, the piston moves to the The downward movement drives the connecting rod 10 to move downward, and the steering block 09 moves downward accordingly, and a wedge-shaped relative movement occurs with the slide block 05, driving the slide block 05 to move inward, and the claw seat body 20 drives the self-centering clamping block 15 to complete the clamping action smoothly; when the oil inlet state of the upper part of the hydraulic device 01 is in the oil outlet state, all parts move in the opposite direction, and finally the loosening action of the clamp is completed. After the loosening action is completed, the external air source is automatically opened, and the air pressure is input from the air inlet 18 and ejected from the air outlet 21 to blow off the clamped parts, completing the debugging of the entire process.

[0023] Step 4. After debugging is completed, in order to ensure the reliability of the operation of the entire hydraulic self-centering fixture, 10 to 15 products should be processed continuously to verify the accuracy and reliability of the fixture's movement. After continuous normal operation, it can be used for normal operation.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is powered by two power sources, one is a hydraulic power source, which provides the larger clamping force required for the clamping of the clamp, and through the specific structural design of the clamp, the displacement conversion of power and related actions is completed to achieve clamping; the other is a pneumatic power source, which provides air source power for automatic unloading after processing is completed, and the air source pressure can use the air source used by CNC machining equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is the overall schematic diagram of the hydraulic self-centering fixture.

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the clamp body assembly parts.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the jaw seat assembly parts.

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the movement principle of the hydraulic self-centering fixture.

[0029] In the figure: 01 hydraulic device; 02 clamping body; 03 claw seat; 04 slide rail base; 05 slide rail block; 06 claw seat mounting hole; 07 outer slide rail; 08 slide rail block oil filling hole; 09 steering block; 10 connecting rod; 11 oil nozzle; 12 inner slide rail; 13 slide rail base oil filling hole; 14 base mounting bolt; 15 self-centering clamp block; 16 positioning mounting hole; 17 clamp block mounting bolt; 18 air inlet hole; 19 claw seat mounting bolt; 20 claw seat body; 21 air outlet hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further describe the technical solutions of the present invention in detail, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0031] A hydraulic self-centering fixture, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a hydraulic device 01, a clamping body 02 and a claw seat 03.

[0032] The hydraulic device 01 has a built-in piston, which divides the inner cavity of the hydraulic device 01 into an upper part and a lower part, and both parts are provided with an oil inlet.

[0033] The clamp body 02 includes a slide rail base 04, a slide rail block 05, a steering block 09 and a connecting rod 10. Figure 2 .

[0034] The slide rail base 04 is fixed to the workstation installation area by a base mounting bolt 14, and a strip-shaped through groove is formed on the upper end thereof, and inner slide rails 12 are symmetrically arranged on both side walls of the through groove, a through hole is formed in the center of the bottom of the through groove, and a slide rail base oil filling hole 13 communicating with the through groove is formed on the side of the slide rail base 04, and an oil nozzle 11 is installed in the slide rail base oil filling hole 13 for injecting lubricating oil into the through groove to reduce wear.

[0035] The two slide blocks 05 are identical in structure and symmetrically placed within the through-slot of the slide base 04. They are flanked by outer slide rails 07 that mate with the inner slide rails 12 and slide in unison, limiting the movement of the slide blocks 05. Each of the two slide blocks 05 has an inclined surface on its opposing side, narrowing the distance between them at the top and widening at the bottom. Each inclined surface is provided with an I-shaped protrusion arranged vertically, for sliding engagement with the steering block 09. The opposing surfaces of the two slide blocks 05 each have an oil injection hole 08 that communicates with the inclined surface. An oil nozzle 11 is installed within the oil injection hole 08 for injecting lubricating oil into the mating surfaces of the slide blocks 05 and the steering block 09 to reduce wear. The top surfaces of the two slide blocks 05 are higher than the top surface of the slide base 04, and both slide blocks 05 have claw mounting holes 06 formed on their top surfaces. The outer slide rails 07 are manufactured with a precision tolerance of 0-0.05mm to ensure smooth and stable sliding of the slide blocks 05.

[0036] The steering block 09 is a wedge-shaped block, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, placed between the two slide rail blocks 05. I-shaped grooves are formed on the inclined surfaces on both sides of the steering block 09, which slide in conjunction with the I-shaped protrusions on the two slide rail blocks 05. The steering block 09 is shorter than the slide rail blocks 05, and its bottom center is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 10. The connecting rod 10 passes through the through hole at the bottom center of the through groove of the slide rail base 04 and is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic device 01. The piston of the hydraulic device 01 drives the steering block 09 up and down through the connecting rod 10. The steering block 09 cooperates with the two slide rail blocks 05 to convert the steering block 09 into relative or opposite movement of the two slide rail blocks 05. The axis of the I-shaped grooves on both sides of the steering block 09 forms an angle α with the horizontal. The conversion ratio of its vertical direction to the horizontal direction of the two slide rail blocks 05 is: tanα, that is, L = H × tanα, where L is the horizontal movement distance of a single slide rail block 05 and H is the vertical movement distance of the steering block 09.

[0037] The clamping jaw seat 03 includes a self-centering clamping block 15 and a clamping jaw seat body 20. Figure 3 .

[0038] The described claw seat body 20 comprises two identical structures, which are fixedly connected by respectively cooperating with the claw seat mounting holes 06 on the top of the two slide rail blocks 05 through the claw seat mounting bolts 19. The claw seat body 20 moves synchronously with the slide rail block 05. Bolt holes are provided at symmetrical positions on one side of the two claw seat bodies 20. Positioning mounting holes 16 are formed on the two self-centering clamping blocks 15 of the same structure. The clamping block mounting bolts 17 pass through the positioning mounting holes 16 and match with the bolt holes on the claw seat body 20. The two self-centering clamps 15 are fixedly connected to the two jaw seat bodies 20 and move synchronously; the opposite sides of the two self-centering clamps 15 are clamping surfaces, which match the shape of the clamped parts and are used to tightly clamp and self-center the clamped parts. The clamping surfaces of the two self-centering clamps 15 are formed with air holes 21, and the two jaw seat bodies 20 are formed with air inlet holes 18. The air outlet holes 21 are communicated with the air inlet holes 18, so that the high-speed passage of gas is achieved, and the clamped parts are unloaded by blowing the material.

[0039] A method for using the hydraulic self-centering clamp comprises the following steps:

[0040] Step 1. Correctly install the clamp body 02 on the processing station through the base mounting bolts 14; install the self-centering clamp 15 on the two claw seat bodies 20 respectively through the clamp block mounting bolts 17; install the claw seat body 20 on the slide rail base 04 through the claw seat mounting bolts 19.

[0041] Step 2: Connect the assembled clamp body 02 to the hydraulic device 01 via the connecting rod 10, and connect the air inlet 18 to an external air source.

[0042] Step 3, pre-commissioning of the fixture: first, lubricate the inner slide rail 12 and the joints of the slide rail block 05 and the steering block 09 through the oil nozzle 11. The oil filling should be sufficient to ensure that the slide rail block 05 and the steering block 09 can smoothly complete the relevant actions; ventilation commissioning: by switching on the external air source, check the gas discharge of the air outlet 21. When the air source switch is turned on, the air outlet 21 should have a large air flow normally discharged. When the air source is closed, there should be no gas leakage from the air outlet 21; hydraulic commissioning: such as Figure 4 When oil is introduced into the upper oil inlet of the hydraulic device 01, the piston moves downward, driving the connecting rod 10 downward, and the steering block 09 moves downward accordingly, generating a wedge-shaped relative motion with the slide block 05, driving the slide block 05 inward, and the claw seat body 20 drives the self-centering clamping block 15 to complete the clamping action smoothly; Figure 4 When the upper oil inlet of the hydraulic device shown is in the oil-out state, all components move in opposite directions, and the clamp is finally released. After the release is completed, the external air source is automatically opened, and the air pressure is input from the air inlet 18 and ejected from the air outlet 21 to blow off the clamped parts, completing the debugging of the entire process.

[0043] Step 4. After debugging is completed, in order to ensure the reliability of the operation of the entire hydraulic self-centering fixture, 10 to 15 products should be processed continuously to verify the accuracy and reliability of the fixture's movement. After continuous normal operation, it can be used for normal operation.

[0044] Step 5. The hydraulic self-centering fixture should be maintained during daily use. After daily use, it should be oiled to ensure that the moving parts are fully lubricated. After use, the air inlet 18 should be blown once to avoid oil blockage in the airway. After each week or each batch of use, the slide rails of the hydraulic self-centering fixture should be visually inspected. There should be no obvious scratches or wear on the inner and outer slide rails.

[0045] Step 6. After the hydraulic self-centering fixture is deactivated, in addition to daily maintenance, all parts of the fixture should be wiped, coolant used during processing should be removed, and the air inlet 18 should be physically sealed and plugged to prevent foreign matter. The storage location of the hydraulic self-centering fixture should comply with the temperature and humidity management requirements of the tool warehouse, and if necessary, it should be wrapped with oil paper to prevent rust.

[0046] Step 7: When the hydraulic self-centering fixture is enabled again, complete the relevant debugging procedures again.

[0047] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the invention are indicated by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A hydraulic self-centering clamp, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hydraulic device (01), a clamping body (02) and a claw seat (03); the clamping body (02) is provided with a wedge-shaped steering block (09) and two slide rail blocks (05) that match each other; the hydraulic device (01) provides the steering block (09) with power for moving up and down, and the wedge-shaped cooperation between the steering block (09) and the two slide rail blocks (05) is converted into the opening and closing action of the two slide rail blocks (05); the two claw seat bodies (20) in the claw seat (03) are respectively fixed on the two slide rail blocks (05), and the clamping function is realized by the opening and closing action of the slide rail blocks (05).

2. A hydraulic self-centering clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping body (02) comprises a slide rail base (04), a slide rail block (05), a steering block (09) and a connecting rod (10); The slide rail base (04) is fixed in the workstation installation area, and a strip-shaped through groove is formed on its upper end, inner slide rails (12) are symmetrically arranged on both side walls of the through groove, and a through hole is formed in the center of the bottom of the through groove; The two slide rail blocks (05) are of the same structure and are symmetrically placed in the through groove of the slide rail base (04). Outer slide rails (07) matching the inner slide rail (12) are formed on both sides of the two slide rail blocks (05) and slide in conjunction with each other, which are used to limit the movement of the slide rail blocks (05). The two slide rail blocks (05) are formed with inclined surfaces on opposite sides, so that the spacing between the two slide rail blocks (05) is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. The inclined surfaces are formed with I-shaped protrusions arranged up and down, which are used to slide in conjunction with the steering block (09). The top surfaces of the two slide rail blocks (05) are higher than the top surface of the slide rail base (04); The steering block (09) is a wedge-shaped block that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. I-shaped grooves are formed on the inclined surfaces on both sides of the steering block, and the I-shaped protrusions on the two slide rail blocks (05) are slidably matched. The height of the steering block (09) is smaller than the slide rail block (05). The center of its bottom is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (10). The connecting rod (10) passes through the through hole at the bottom center of the through groove of the slide rail base (04) and is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic device (01).

3. A hydraulic self-centering clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The claw seat (03) comprises two self-centering clamping blocks (15) and two claw seat bodies (20); the two claw seat bodies (20) have the same structure and are respectively fixed on the top of the two slide rail blocks (05), and the claw seat bodies (20) move synchronously with the slide rail blocks (05); two self-centering clamping blocks (15) with the same structure are fixedly installed at symmetrical positions on one side of the two claw seat bodies (20), and the two self-centering clamping blocks (15) move synchronously with the two claw seat bodies (20); the opposite sides of the two self-centering clamping blocks (15) are clamping surfaces, which are used to tightly clamp and self-center the clamped parts.

4. A hydraulic self-centering clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic device (01) has a built-in piston, which divides the inner cavity of the hydraulic device (01) into an upper part and a lower part, and both parts are provided with an oil inlet.

5. The hydraulic self-centering clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side surface of the slide rail base (04) is provided with a slide rail base oil filling hole (13) which is in communication with the through groove and is used for injecting lubricating oil into the through groove.

6. The hydraulic self-centering clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manufacturing precision tolerance of the outer slide rail (07) is 0-0.05mm.

7. The hydraulic self-centering clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two slide rail blocks (05) are both provided with slide rail block oil filling holes (08) communicating with the inclined surface on the opposite sides thereof, for injecting lubricating oil into the matching surfaces of the slide rail block (05) and the steering block (09).

8. The hydraulic self-centering clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axes of the I-shaped grooves on both sides of the steering block (09) form an angle α with the horizontal, and the motion conversion ratio between the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the two slide rail blocks (05) is: tanα, that is, L=H×tanα, where L is the horizontal motion distance of a single slide rail block (05) and H is the vertical motion distance of the steering block (09).

9. The hydraulic self-centering clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping surfaces of the two self-centering clamping blocks (15) are formed with air holes (21), and the two jaw seat bodies (20) are formed with air inlet holes (18). The air outlet holes (21) are communicated with the air inlet holes (18) for introducing high-speed gas to realize the unloading of the clamped parts.

10. A method for using the hydraulic self-centering clamp according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1, install the clamp body (02) on the processing station; install the self-centering clamp block (15) on the two claw seat bodies (20); install the claw seat body (20) on the slide rail base (04); Step 2, connecting the assembled clamp body (02) and the hydraulic device (01) via a connecting rod (10); Step 3, pre-commissioning of the fixture: the piston of the hydraulic device (01) moves downward, driving the connecting rod (10) to move downward, and the steering block (09) moves downward accordingly, and a wedge-shaped relative motion occurs with the slide block (05), driving the slide block (05) to move inward, and the claw seat body (20) drives the self-centering clamping block (15) to complete the clamping action smoothly; when the piston of the hydraulic device (01) moves upward, all parts move in the opposite direction, and finally the clamp is released, and the commissioning is completed; Step 4: After debugging is completed, carry out continuous processing of 10 to 15 products. After continuous normal operation, it can be used for normal operation.

Images