MAX phase material, wear-resistant paint based on MAX phase material and preparation method of wear-resistant paint

Abstract

The invention provides an MAX phase material, a wear-resistant coating based on the MAX phase material and a preparation method, and relates to the technical field of coatings. The MAX phase material is a Bi-doped Ti4AlN3MAX phase material, and the content of Bi is 0.1 at.%-2 at.% when the sum of the four elements Bi, Ti, Al and N is 100%. The comprehensive performance of the Ti4AlN3MAX phase material is remarkably improved through precise doping of the Bi element, after Bi atoms enter MAX phase crystal lattices, the interlayer chemical bonding strength is enhanced through electron cloud redistribution, a more compact microstructure is formed, the coating is more resistant to interlayer stripping under friction loads, and therefore the abrasion resistance and durability of the coating are improved; meanwhile, transition layers with chemical activity can be formed on the surfaces of MAX phase particles through the surface enrichment effect of the Bi element, stable chemical bonds can be formed with polar groups in a resin matrix, and the filler-matrix interface bonding strength is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coatings, and in particular to a MAX phase material, a wear-resistant coating based on the MAX phase material, and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the modern industrial field, the demand for high-performance wear-resistant coatings in industries such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing and heavy machinery is growing. Traditional wear-resistant coatings usually use hard ceramic fillers such as silicon carbide and aluminum oxide. Although they have high hardness, they have inherent defects such as brittleness and poor impact resistance. They are prone to crack expansion and peeling under dynamic loads or high-frequency friction conditions, which seriously restricts their application effect in high-working conditions. In the prior art, some patents have attempted to apply different types of nanomaterials to coatings to improve their performance. For example, patent CN118006191A improves wear resistance by modifying boron nitride-graphene oxide composite fillers, but its enhancement effect is still limited by the upper limit of the mechanical properties of the filler itself and cannot meet the needs of high-end industrial applications. Patent CN111892853B uses fly ash to construct a three-dimensional network structure. Although it improves the dispersion of the filler, the basic wear resistance is insufficient.

[0003] In recent years, MAX phase materials (M n+1 AX n ) has attracted widespread attention due to its unique nano-layered structure and metal-ceramic composite properties. This type of material has both the high hardness and wear resistance of ceramics and the toughness and machinability of metals. In theory, it can be used as an ideal high-performance wear-resistant filler. However, the application of MAX phase materials in coating systems still faces two major technical bottlenecks: First, an inert oxide layer is easily formed on the surface of MAX phase materials (especially Al-containing systems such as TiAlC), resulting in a low interfacial binding energy with the organic resin matrix, which seriously affects the stress transfer efficiency; second, traditional MAX phase materials have poor dispersibility in polymer matrices, making it difficult to form a uniform and stable composite material system, resulting in its excellent intrinsic properties being unable to be effectively converted into the macroscopic wear resistance of the coating. These problems seriously limit the actual application effect of MAX phase materials in the field of wear-resistant coatings. Therefore, the development of a new type of wear-resistant coating that can simultaneously optimize the intrinsic properties, interface characteristics and dispersion stability of MAX phase materials has become a key technical problem that needs to be broken through in this field, and a key technical problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a MAX phase material, and provides a wear-resistant coating based on the MAX phase material and a preparation method. The coating regulates the lattice-interface characteristics of the MAX phase material by doping with Bi elements, and combines a specific dispersion stabilization system to enable the coating to have excellent wear resistance, strong interface bonding and long-term stability.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, in the first aspect, the present invention provides a MAX phase material, which is a Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material, wherein the content of Bi is 0.1at.%-2at.%, based on the sum of the four elements Bi, Ti, Al and N being 100%.

[0006] The present invention significantly enhances the overall performance of Ti4AlN3 MAX phase materials through the precise doping of Bi. Bi atoms, when incorporated into the MAX phase lattice, enhance the interlayer chemical bonding strength through electron cloud redistribution, forming a denser microstructure that is more resistant to interlayer delamination under friction loads, thereby improving the coating's wear resistance and durability. Furthermore, the surface enrichment effect of Bi allows the formation of a chemically active transition layer on the surface of the MAX phase particles, which can form stable chemical bonds with polar groups in the resin matrix, significantly improving the filler-matrix interface strength.

[0007] Preferably, the MAX phase material is prepared using Ti metal powder, Al metal powder, TiN powder and Bi metal powder as raw materials, and the Ti metal powder, Al metal powder, TiN powder and Bi metal powder are mixed according to the molar ratio of Ti:Al:TiN:Bi=1:(1.1-1.3):(2.8-3.2):(0.03-0.1).

[0008] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned MAX phase material, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1. Ti powder, Al powder, TiN powder and Bi powder are mixed according to a molar ratio of Ti:Al:TiN:Bi=1:(1.1-1.3):(2.8-3.2):(0.03-0.1) to obtain a mixed powder.

[0010] S2. The mixed powder is mixed with ethanol, ball-milled, dried, and then heated to 1500-1600° C. at 8-12° C. / min under a protective atmosphere and kept at this temperature for 1-3 hours to obtain a sintered product.

[0011] S3. Grind the sintered product and pass it through a 400-600 mesh sieve to obtain the Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material.

[0012] Furthermore, the MAX phase material is used in the preparation of wear-resistant coatings.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a wear-resistant coating based on MAX phase material, which comprises the following components, by weight: 1-5 parts of Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material, 80-100 parts of resin, 15-25 parts of curing agent, 15-25 parts of plasticizer, 0.5-3 parts of phosphate dispersant, 0.5-3 parts of nonionic polyether surfactant and 1-3 parts of stabilizer.

[0014] The Bi-modified MAX phase material surface of the present invention can produce specific interactions with the phosphate groups of the dispersant, and combined with the electrostatic barrier established by the non-ionic polyether surfactant, it forms a triple stabilization system of "chemical anchoring-electrostatic repulsion-steric hindrance", achieving a uniform and stable dispersion state of the coating system and effectively reducing the tendency to agglomerate. This solution effectively solves the problem of dispersibility of the MAX phase material in the coating, ensures the uniformity and consistency of the coating, and contains only a small amount of VOCs emissions throughout the entire process, making it a low-VOC coating. It improves the overall performance and application effect of the coating while ensuring green environmental protection. At the same time, the stabilizer added to the coating helps maintain the performance of the coating and extend the service life of the coating, solving the problem that the wear resistance of the MAX phase material is difficult to fully exert and maintain in the coating.

[0015] Preferably, the resin is selected from at least one of epoxy resin, acrylic resin, phenolic resin, alkyd resin, silicone resin, polyurethane resin, and fluorocarbon resin.

[0016] Preferably, the curing agent is selected from at least one of 1,6-hexanediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, isophoronediamine, dicyandiamide, and polyetheramine D230.

[0017] Preferably, the plasticizer is selected from at least one of polyamide, dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, epoxidized soybean oil, and chlorinated paraffin.

[0018] Preferably, the phosphate ester dispersant is selected from at least one of BYK-160, BYK-161, and BYK-190.

[0019] Preferably, the nonionic polyether surfactant is selected from at least one of polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether, tert-octylphenyl polyoxyethylene ether, and tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

[0020] Preferably, the stabilizer is at least one selected from dibutyltin dilaurate, stannous octoate, calcium stearate, antimony alkoxide, and lanthanum stearate.

[0021] In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned wear-resistant coating, comprising the following steps:

[0022] A1. 1-5 parts by weight of the Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material is dispersed in 100-140 parts by weight of deionized water to obtain component A;

[0023] A2. 80-100 parts by weight of a resin, 15-25 parts by weight of a curing agent, 15-25 parts by weight of a plasticizer, 0.5-3 parts by weight of a phosphate dispersant, 0.5-3 parts by weight of a nonionic polyether surfactant, 1-3 parts by weight of a stabilizer are added to 60-100 parts by weight of deionized water and mixed to obtain component B;

[0024] A3. Mix the component A and the component B evenly to obtain the wear-resistant coating.

[0025] In a fifth aspect, the present invention further provides a wear-resistant coating formed by the above-mentioned wear-resistant coating based on MAX phase material, or the wear-resistant coating prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0026] In the sixth aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned wear-resistant coating, comprising the following steps: spraying the wear-resistant coating on the surface to be treated, curing it at room temperature for 2-3 hours, then curing it at 60-80°C for 2-3 hours, and then curing it at 110-120°C for 2-3 hours to form the wear-resistant coating.

[0027] The present invention optimizes the coating curing process and adopts a phased temperature increase strategy to achieve uniform distribution and strong interface bonding of Bi-doped Ti4AlN3MAX phase materials in the coating. First, preliminary curing is carried out at a relatively low temperature to slowly form the coating and effectively release internal stress; then the temperature is gradually increased to complete the final curing, promoting full cross-linking of the resin, thereby significantly improving the density and mechanical strength of the coating. This gradient curing process not only ensures a good combination of the MAX phase filler and the resin matrix, but also makes the internal structure of the coating more uniform and stable.

[0028] Preferably, the spraying is performed using air spraying equipment with a spraying pressure of 0.4-0.6 MPa and a nozzle distance of 15±5 cm from the substrate.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The present invention regulates the lattice-interface characteristics of the MAX phase material by doping with Bi elements, and combines it with a specific dispersion stabilization system to enable the coating to have excellent wear resistance, strong interface bonding and long-term stability. The coating system adopts an environmentally friendly water-based formula with VOC emissions of less than 50g / L, achieving a perfect combination of high performance and green environmental protection. It is particularly suitable for wear-resistant protection in high-end equipment manufacturing fields such as aerospace engine blades, gas turbine components, and high-speed rail brake systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is the X-ray diffraction pattern of the Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific implementation methods will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the embodiments described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation methods can be obtained based on these embodiments without paying creative work.

[0033] If specific experimental steps or conditions are not specified in the examples, the procedures or conditions of conventional experimental steps described in the literature in the field can be followed. All raw materials and instruments used are commercially available, including but not limited to those used in the examples of this application.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] This embodiment provides a MAX phase material, and the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0036] (1) Prepare Ti (particle size 1-5 μm, purity 99.5%), Al (particle size 1-5 μm, purity 99.5%), TiN (particle size 2-10 μm, purity 99.5%), and Bi (particle size 2-10 μm, purity 99.5%) powders. Ti, Al, TiN, and Bi powders were mixed in a molar ratio of 1:1.2:3:0.05. The mixed powders were mixed with ethanol and ball milled at a speed of 400 rpm for 4 h to ensure uniform dispersion of the mixture. The ball-milled mixture was dried in an oven at 40°C for 24 h to remove the ethanol.

[0037] (2) The dried mixture was heated to 1500°C at a rate of 10°C / min and kept at this temperature for 2 hours to form a MAX phase structure. During the sintering process, argon (purity 99.99%) was introduced at a flow rate of 60 mL / min to prevent oxidation. The sintered sample was ground using a stainless steel mortar and sieved through a 400-mesh sieve to obtain Bi-doped Ti4AlN3MAX phase material powder. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the prepared Bi-doped Ti4AlN3MAX phase material is shown in Figure 1 shown.

[0038] This embodiment also provides a wear-resistant coating based on a MAX phase material, comprising, by weight: 2 parts of Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material (Bi doping amount is approximately 0.62 at.%), 90 parts of hydroxy polyester resin (hydroxyl value 50-70 mgKOH / g), 20 parts of 1,6-hexanediamine, 20 parts of polyamide, 2 parts of BYK-160, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether, and 2 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate.

[0039] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned wear-resistant coating, comprising the following steps:

[0040] (1) 2 parts of Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material were dispersed in 120 parts of deionized water, and ultrasonically dispersed at a power of 500 W and a frequency of 40 kHz for 1 h while monitoring and maintaining the medium temperature at no more than 40°C to obtain component A.

[0041] (2) 90 parts of hydroxy polyester resin, 20 parts of 1,6-hexanediamine, 20 parts of polyamide, 2 parts of BYK-160, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether, and 2 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate were added to 60 parts of deionized water, and stirred at 500 rpm for 30 minutes using a magnetic stirrer to ensure uniform mixing, thereby obtaining component B.

[0042] (3) Component A was slowly added to component B, and the mixture was stirred continuously at 800 rpm for 2 h using a mechanical stirrer to ensure good bonding between the filler and the resin to obtain a wear-resistant coating.

[0043] This embodiment also provides a wear-resistant coating, comprising the following steps:

[0044] The wear-resistant coating was evenly sprayed onto the surface of a 7050 aluminum alloy substrate using air spray equipment. The spray pressure was controlled at 0.5 MPa, and the distance between the nozzle and the substrate was maintained at 15 cm to ensure uniformity and adhesion of the coating. The sprayed coating was cured at room temperature for 3 hours to initially form the coating structure. The coating was then placed in an oven and cured at 80°C for 3 hours to further enhance the crosslinking density of the coating. Finally, the coating was cured at 120°C for 3 hours to complete the final curing process, forming the wear-resistant coating.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] This embodiment provides a MAX phase material, and the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0047] (1) Prepare Ti (particle size 1-5 μm, purity 99.5%), Al (particle size 1-5 μm, purity 99.5%), TiN (particle size 2-10 μm, purity 99.5%), and Bi (particle size 2-10 μm, purity 99.5%) powders. Mix Ti, Al, TiN, and Bi powders in a molar ratio of 1:1.1:2.8:0.03. Mix the mixed powders with ethanol and ball mill at a speed of 400 rpm for 4 hours to ensure uniform dispersion of the mixture. Dry the ball-milled mixture in a 40°C oven for 24 hours to remove the ethanol.

[0048] (2) The dried mixture was heated to 1500°C at a rate of 8°C / min and held for 1 h to form the MAX phase structure. During the sintering process, argon (99.99% purity) was introduced at a flow rate of 60 ml / min to prevent oxidation. The sintered sample was ground using a stainless steel mortar and sieved through a 400-mesh sieve to obtain a Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material powder.

[0049] This embodiment also provides a wear-resistant coating based on a MAX phase material, comprising, by weight, 1 part of Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material (Bi doping amount is approximately 0.37 at.%), 80 parts of epoxy resin HL-200, 15 parts of diethylenetriamine, 15 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 0.5 parts of BYK-161, 0.5 parts of tert-octylphenyl polyoxyethylene ether, and 1 part of stannous octoate.

[0050] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned wear-resistant coating, comprising the following steps:

[0051] (1) 1 part of Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material was dispersed in 100 parts of deionized water, and ultrasonically dispersed at a power of 500 W and a frequency of 40 kHz for 1 h while monitoring and maintaining the medium temperature at no more than 40°C to obtain component A.

[0052] (2) Add 80 parts of epoxy resin HL-200, 15 parts of diethylenetriamine, 15 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 0.5 parts of BYK-161, 0.5 parts of tert-octylphenyl polyoxyethylene ether, and 1 part of stannous octoate to 60 parts of deionized water, and stir at 500 rpm for 30 minutes using a magnetic stirrer to ensure uniform mixing to obtain component B.

[0053] (3) Component A was slowly added to component B, and the mixture was stirred continuously at 800 rpm for 2 h using a mechanical stirrer to ensure good bonding between the filler and the resin to obtain a wear-resistant coating.

[0054] This embodiment also provides a wear-resistant coating, comprising the following steps:

[0055] The wear-resistant coating was evenly sprayed onto the surface of the 7050 aluminum alloy substrate using air spray equipment. The spray pressure was controlled at 0.4-0.6 MPa, and the distance between the nozzle and the substrate was maintained at 15 ± 5 cm to ensure uniformity and adhesion of the coating. The sprayed coating was cured at room temperature for 2 hours to initially form the coating structure. The coating was then placed in an oven and cured at 60°C for 2 hours to further enhance the coating's crosslinking density. Finally, the coating was cured at 110°C for 2 hours to complete the final curing process and form the wear-resistant coating.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] This embodiment provides a MAX phase material, and the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0058] (1) Prepare Ti (particle size 1-5 μm, purity 99.5%), Al (particle size 1-5 μm, purity 99.5%), TiN (particle size 2-10 μm, purity 99.5%), and Bi (particle size 2-10 μm, purity 99.5%) powders. Mix Ti, Al, TiN, and Bi powders in a molar ratio of 1:1.3:3.2:0.1. Mix the mixed powders with ethanol and ball mill at a speed of 400 rpm for 4 hours to ensure uniform dispersion of the mixture. Dry the ball-milled mixture in a 40°C oven for 24 hours to remove the ethanol.

[0059] (2) The dried mixture was heated to 1600°C at a rate of 12°C / min and held for 3 h to form the MAX phase structure. During the sintering process, argon (99.99% purity) was introduced at a flow rate of 60 ml / min to prevent oxidation. The sintered sample was ground using a stainless steel mortar and sieved through a 600-mesh sieve to obtain a Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material powder.

[0060] This embodiment also provides a wear-resistant coating based on MAX phase material, which includes, by weight: 5 parts of Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material (Bi doping amount is approximately 1.23at.%), 100 parts of alkyd resin 680A, 25 parts of isophorone diamine, 25 parts of epoxy soybean oil, 3 parts of BYK-190, 3 parts of tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and 3 parts of lanthanum stearate.

[0061] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned wear-resistant coating, comprising the following steps:

[0062] (1) 5 parts of Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material were dispersed in 140 parts of deionized water, and ultrasonically dispersed at a power of 500 W and a frequency of 40 kHz for 1 h while monitoring and maintaining the medium temperature at no more than 40°C to obtain component A.

[0063] (2) Add 100 parts of alkyd resin 680A, 25 parts of isophorone diamine, 25 parts of epoxidized soybean oil, 3 parts of BYK-190, 3 parts of tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and 3 parts of lanthanum stearate to 60 parts of deionized water, and stir at 500 rpm for 30 minutes using a magnetic stirrer to ensure uniform mixing, thereby obtaining component B.

[0064] (3) Component A was slowly added to component B, and the mixture was stirred continuously at 800 rpm for 2 h using a mechanical stirrer to ensure good bonding between the filler and the resin to obtain a wear-resistant coating.

[0065] This embodiment also provides a wear-resistant coating, comprising the following steps:

[0066] The wear-resistant coating was evenly sprayed onto the surface of a 7050 aluminum alloy substrate using air spray equipment. The spray pressure was controlled at 0.6 MPa, and the distance between the nozzle and the substrate was maintained at 20 cm to ensure uniformity and adhesion of the coating. The sprayed coating was cured at room temperature for 3 hours to initially form the coating structure. The coating was then placed in an oven and cured at 80°C for 3 hours to further enhance the crosslinking density of the coating. Finally, the coating was cured at 120°C for 3 hours to complete the final curing process, forming the wear-resistant coating.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] The coating provided in this comparative example does not contain Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material; other parameters and methods are the same as those in Example 1.

[0069] Comparative Example 2

[0070] The coating provided in this comparative example uses an equal amount of undoped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material instead of Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material, and the raw material ratio is Ti:Al:TiN=1:1.2:3; other parameters and methods are the same as in Example 1.

[0071] Comparative Example 3

[0072] The coating provided in this comparative example uses an equal amount of Cr-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material instead of Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material, and the raw material ratio is Ti:Al:TiN:Cr=1:1.2:3:0.05; other parameters and methods are the same as in Example 1.

[0073] Comparative Example 4

[0074] In the coating provided in this comparative example, an equal amount of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is used instead of BYK-160 (dispersant); other parameters and methods are the same as those in Example 1.

[0075] Comparative Example 5

[0076] No surfactant was added to the coating provided in this comparative example; other parameters and methods were the same as those in Example 1.

[0077] Performance Testing

[0078] The wear-resistant coating properties prepared in the above embodiments and comparative examples were tested, as follows.

[0079] Hardness: The coating hardness is measured according to the standard GB / T 6739-2006.

[0080] Impact resistance: The impact resistance of the coating is determined with reference to standard GB / T 1732-2020.

[0081] Wear resistance: The coating friction test was carried out according to ASTM D4060-2019, with a load of 1 kg, a grinding wheel speed of 72 r / min, and a total number of revolutions of 10,000 r.

[0082] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0083] Table 1

[0084]

[0085] Experimental data show that Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase materials can significantly improve the overall performance of the coating. Among them, Example 1 performs best, with a hardness of 5H, an impact resistance of 75Kg·cm, and a wear of only 34mg after 10,000 revolutions, which is far superior to the undoped (3H, 45Kg·cm, 131mg) and Cr-doped systems (4H, 55Kg·cm, 117mg). It can be seen that Bi doping can enhance the hardness, impact resistance, and wear resistance of the coating by optimizing the MAX phase lattice structure and interface bonding. Its effect is significantly improved compared with traditional fillers or undoped systems, and is suitable for the field of high-performance wear-resistant coatings.

[0086] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A MAX phase material, characterized in that: The invention relates to a Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material, wherein the content of Bi is 0.1 at.%-2 at.% based on the sum of the four elements Bi, Ti, Al and N being 100%.

2. The MAX phase material according to claim 1, characterized in that The MAX phase material is prepared using Ti metal powder, Al metal powder, TiN powder and Bi metal powder as raw materials, and the Ti metal powder, Al metal powder, TiN powder and Bi metal powder are mixed according to the molar ratio of Ti:Al:TiN:Bi=1:(1.1-1.3):(2.8-3.2):(0.03-0.1).

3. A method for preparing the MAX phase material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Ti powder, Al powder, TiN powder and Bi powder were mixed in a molar ratio of Ti:Al:TiN:Bi=1:(1.1-1.3):(2.8-3.2):(0.03-0.1) to obtain a mixed powder; S2. The mixed powder was mixed with ethanol and then ball-milled, dried, and then heated to 1500-1600°C at 8-12°C / min under a protective atmosphere and kept for 1-3h to obtain a sintered product; S3. Grind the sintered product and pass it through a 400-600 mesh sieve to obtain the Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material.

4. Use of the MAX phase material according to claim 1 or 2 in the preparation of wear-resistant coatings.

5. A wear-resistant coating based on MAX phase material, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material, 80-100 parts of resin, 15-25 parts of curing agent, 15-25 parts of plasticizer, 0.5-3 parts of phosphate dispersant, 0.5-3 parts of nonionic polyether surfactant and 1-3 parts of stabilizer.

6. The wear-resistant coating based on MAX phase material according to claim 5, characterized in that The resin is selected from at least one of epoxy resin, acrylic resin, phenolic resin, alkyd resin, silicone resin, polyurethane resin and fluorocarbon resin; and / or The curing agent is at least one selected from 1,6-hexanediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, isophoronediamine, dicyandiamide, and polyetheramine D230; and / or The plasticizer is selected from at least one of polyamide, dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, epoxidized soybean oil, and chlorinated paraffin; and / or The phosphate ester dispersant is selected from one or more of BYK-160, BYK-161, and BYK-190; and / or The nonionic polyether surfactant is selected from one or more of polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether, p-tert-octylphenyl polyoxyethylene ether, and tridecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; and / or The stabilizer is selected from at least one of dibutyltin dilaurate, stannous octoate, calcium stearate, antimony alkoxide, and lanthanum stearate.

7. A method for preparing a wear-resistant coating based on MAX phase material according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A1. 1-5 parts by weight of the Bi-doped Ti4AlN3 MAX phase material is dispersed in 100-140 parts by weight of deionized water to obtain component A; A2. 80-100 parts by weight of a resin, 15-25 parts by weight of a curing agent, 15-25 parts by weight of a plasticizer, 0.5-3 parts by weight of a phosphate dispersant, 0.5-3 parts by weight of a nonionic polyether surfactant, 1-3 parts by weight of a stabilizer are added to 60-100 parts by weight of deionized water and mixed to obtain component B; A3. Mix the component A and the component B evenly to obtain the wear-resistant coating.

8. A wear-resistant coating, characterized in that: It is formed by the wear-resistant coating based on the MAX phase material according to claim 5 or 6, or the wear-resistant coating prepared by the preparation method according to claim 7.

9. A method for preparing the wear-resistant coating according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The wear-resistant coating is sprayed on the surface to be treated, cured at room temperature for 2-3 hours, then cured at 60-80° C. for 2-3 hours, and then cured at 110-120° C. for 2-3 hours to form the wear-resistant coating.

10. The method for preparing the wear-resistant coating according to claim 9, wherein: The spraying is carried out using air spray equipment, with a spraying pressure of 0.4-0.6 MPa and a nozzle distance of 15±5 cm from the substrate.

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