Enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer comprises enteromorpha powder, rice bran or soybean meal, garden waste or peat and a functional microbial agent. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer. The preparation method sequentially comprises the following preparation steps: preparing enteromorpha powder; the preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing enteromorpha powder, rice bran or soybean meal, garden waste or peat, cow dung and edible fungus residues, then uniformly spraying a functional fungicide, then carrying out composting fermentation, and after composting fermentation is completed, drying, crushing, sieving and packaging. The organic fertilizer is prepared by taking enteromorpha and other marine algae as raw materials through the processes of mixing, fermenting and the like. The fertilizer is rich in organic matters and various nutrient elements, has a good improvement effect on soil, and can improve the yield and quality of crops. According to the method, treatment before extraction is combined with desalination, so that the desalination can be effectively realized, and required active substances can be extracted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the production of organic fertilizers and microbial fertilizers, and in particular to enteromorpha-based organic fertilizers and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Due to changes in the nutrient content of seawater in recent years, Enteromorpha has become rampant, impacting the marine ecosystem. Considerable manpower and financial resources are invested annually to deal with this "marine debris." Enteromorpha contains abundant nutrients and a variety of active substances essential for crops, including 9% to 14% protein, 1.04% fat, and 32% to 36% ash. It also contains small organic molecules such as active polysaccharides, alginic acid, and fatty acids, as well as trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, iodine, and zinc. Enteromorpha has been studied and applied in agriculture, feed, food, and medicine. Its rich nutritional value allows it to be degraded and used as fertilizer in agriculture, effectively addressing the problem of "marine debris" while also providing a highly effective organic fertilizer for modern agriculture.

[0003] Enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer is made from marine algae such as Enteromorpha through a blending and fermentation process. Rich in organic matter and various nutrients, it improves soil quality and boosts crop yields and quality. The Jiangsu Lianyungang Institute of Geological Engineering has developed a specialized Enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer specifically for soil improvement. This initiative aims to streamline the entire Enteromorpha supply chain, from harvesting to utilization, allowing Enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer to be marketed and generate economic benefits.

[0004] Existing Enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer preparation involves composting and fermentation after cleaning and desalting, but the cleaning and desalting effects are limited. Furthermore, existing Enteromorpha extraction processes sometimes involve pretreatment with weak or dilute acids or enzymes followed by pretreatment. Pretreatment with weak or dilute acids or enzymes can activate the Enteromorpha gelatinous layer and cell walls, breaking down the barrier that substances like alginate create to protect intracellular salts. Therefore, pretreatment during extraction can also effectively remove salts. The prior art does not yet offer a process that combines pre-extraction treatment with desalting, such as patent publication number CN107473816A: A method for rapidly extracting nutrients from Enteromorpha by grinding and liquefying Enteromorpha and preparing Enteromorpha organic compound fertilizer; or patent publication number CN102876727A: A method for producing biogas by fermenting Enteromorpha with straw-based biomass. The acid treatment in these processes does not aid extraction or desalting. Combining pre-extraction treatment with desalting would achieve both effective desalting and extraction of the desired active substances. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an organic fertilizer based on Enteromorpha, which is made from marine algae such as Enteromorpha through mixing and fermentation. The organic fertilizer is rich in organic matter and various nutrients, has a good soil improvement effect, and can increase the yield and quality of crops.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is to design a Enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer, which includes Enteromorpha powder, rice bran or soybean meal, garden waste or peat, functional bacterial agent, cow dung and edible fungus residue.

[0007] The mass parts of each raw material are: 20 mass parts of enteromorpha powder, 20 mass parts of rice bran or soybean meal, 40 mass parts of garden waste or peat, 0.1 mass part of functional bacterial agent, 30 mass parts of cow dung and 30 mass parts of edible fungus residue.

[0008] A method for preparing enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer comprises the following preparation steps performed in sequence: preparing enteromorpha powder; uniformly mixing the enteromorpha powder, rice bran or soybean meal, garden waste or peat, cow dung and edible fungus residue, then uniformly spraying a functional bacterial agent and performing composting and fermentation; and after the composting and fermentation is completed, drying, crushing, sieving and packaging.

[0009] Adding rice bran or soybean meal, garden waste or peat to Enteromorpha powder is used to adjust the C / N ratio of the fermentation material.

[0010] The method for preparing enteromorpha powder comprises the following steps: collecting fresh enteromorpha, washing with seawater to remove mud, sand, impurities and other attached organisms, desalting, drying, crushing and sieving.

[0011] The specific collection process involves selecting fresh Enteromorpha from unpolluted waters (avoiding heavy metal and microbial contamination) and rinsing with seawater to remove silt, impurities, and other attached organisms. The specific drying process involves draining the washed Enteromorpha or using a centrifuge to dehydrate it. Next, drying can be done by: Natural air drying: spreading the leaves out in a well-ventilated, dark area to dry in the sun (dust-proof, suitable for small-scale operations); hot air drying: drying at 50-60°C for 6-8 hours (preserves more nutrients); or freeze drying: freezing to -40°C, then vacuum drying (optimally preserves active ingredients, but at a higher cost).

[0012] The desalination process is a gradient desalination process; or the desalination process is a preliminary cleaning process.

[0013] The gradient desalination process includes a preliminary cleaning and a deep desalination step, with the deep desalination step also serving as a pre-extraction treatment. The deep desalination step involves using a low-concentration acid solution and enzymes to degrade and activate the Enteromorpha gelatinous layer and cell walls. In other words, the desalination process consists of a preliminary cleaning step and a deep desalination step performed sequentially, or the desalination step can be limited to just the preliminary cleaning step.

[0014] The specific process of initial cleaning is to rinse repeatedly with fresh water to remove salt and residual impurities. Freshwater pre-washing strips away free surface salts, and low-concentration acid solutions and enzymes are used to degrade and activate the Enteromorpha gelatinous layer and cell walls, breaking down the barrier that substances such as alginate use to encapsulate intracellular salts, thereby establishing a multi-stage synergistic desalination system. The use of low-concentration acid solutions and enzymes also facilitates the subsequent extraction of active ingredients such as polysaccharides, proteins, and unsaturated fatty acids from the Enteromorpha. Subsequently, efficient extraction is achieved through physical and chemical methods such as centrifugation, ultrafiltration, and water extraction and alcohol precipitation. Combining desalination technology with extraction technology, an integrated "desalting-enzymatic hydrolysis-separation-purification" process route is constructed. Through research on efficient utilization of Enteromorpha's active ingredients, microbial fermentation, chemical methods, and physical methods are used to extract effective ingredients that can meet the needs of arable land improvement.

[0015] Depending on the amount of organic fertilizer to be prepared, if a large amount of Enteromorpha is collected, a portion can be deeply desalted and then efficiently extracted through physical and chemical methods such as centrifugation, ultrafiltration, and water-alcohol precipitation. This eliminates the need to store excess Enteromorpha powder. This method not only effectively desalinates the material deeply but also extracts active substances for farmland improvement. It also balances the amount of extracted active substances with the amount of Enteromorpha powder produced, allowing for better distribution of the final product of fresh Enteromorpha. An integrated "desalting-enzymatic hydrolysis-separation-purification" process is being developed. Through research on technologies for the efficient utilization of Enteromorpha's active ingredients, microbial fermentation, chemical methods, and physical methods are employed to extract the active ingredients, enabling them to meet the needs of farmland improvement.

[0016] The composting conditions of the composting fermentation process are: a moisture content of 50%, a temperature controlled at about 60° C., a composting period of 20 days, and turning the compost 2-3 times during the composting period.

[0017] In the preliminary cleaning process, a multi-stage rinsing tank is used to clean the enteromorpha; the multi-stage rinsing tank is a series-type water tank.

[0018] An acid-resistant reactor is provided at the end of the multi-stage rinsing tank. The feed port of the acid-resistant reactor is arranged at the upper part of the acid-resistant reactor. The feed port of the acid-resistant reactor is flush with the upper end of the slot of the multi-stage rinsing tank. The discharge port of the acid-resistant reactor is arranged at the lower part of the acid-resistant reactor.

[0019] The multi-stage rinsing tank includes several water pools, each of which is provided with a stirring blade located at the bottom of the water pool. The stirring shaft of the stirring blade passes through the side wall of the water pool and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reduction motor fixed on the outer wall of the water pool. A water pump is provided on the water pool. The height of the water pump is higher than the stirring blade and lower than the upper pool mouth of the water pool. A connecting channel is provided between adjacent water pools, and the channel is arranged near the upper pool mouth of the water pool; the end of the last water pool along the water flow direction is also connected to the feed port of the acid-resistant reactor through a channel.

[0020] Initially, without acid or enzyme treatment, the density of Enteromorpha is less than that of water (0.8–0.9 g / cm 3 Therefore, when washed in multi-stage rinse tanks (because freshwater rinsing only removes surface salts, the cell structure remains intact, retaining internal gases and potentially allowing buoyancy. Furthermore, the gelatinous layer remains intact, meaning that hydrophobic polysaccharides such as Enteromorpha polysaccharides maintain the algae's buoyancy), it still tends to float on the water surface. After acid treatment, such as with low-concentration acids (such as 0.5% HCl), which partially dissolve the gelatinous layer and release gases, the density increases slightly (~0.9–1.0 g / cm³), causing some of the algae to suspend and sink after gentle agitation. After enzyme treatment, cellulase / pectinase completely degrades the cell wall, completely releasing gases and resulting in a density greater than or equal to that of water (≥1.0 g / cm³). It then sinks to the bottom (especially when left to stand). Therefore, a discharge port is set at the upper end of the slot of the multi-stage rinsing tank as the outlet after preliminary cleaning, which is directly connected to the deep desalination device, that is, the acid-resistant reactor, and the feed port of the acid-resistant reactor is set at the upper part of the acid-resistant reactor. In this way, the enteromorpha treated with acid and enzyme in the acid-resistant reactor can easily sink to the bottom, and the discharge port of the acid-resistant reactor is set at the lower position of the acid-resistant reactor for easy discharge.

[0021] Two discharge ports are provided at the notch of the multi-stage rinsing tank, one discharge port is connected to the centrifugal dehydrator, the centrifugal dehydrator is connected to the hot air drying box; the other discharge port is connected to the acid-resistant reactor, and a conveyor belt is provided below the acid-resistant reactor.

[0022] The lower half of the acid-resistant reactor in the height direction is provided with a transverse sliding baffle, and the kettle body of the acid-resistant reactor is provided with a water outlet located below the transverse sliding baffle; the upper part of the acid-resistant reactor is provided with a stirring impeller, and the stirring shaft of the stirring impeller passes through the kettle top of the acid-resistant reactor and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reduction motor, and the reduction motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the kettle top of the acid-resistant reactor; the bottom of the acid-resistant reactor is hingedly and sealedly connected to the kettle body, the bottom of the kettle is hingedly connected to the exposed end of the piston rod of the cylinder, and the cylinder body of the cylinder is hingedly connected to the kettle body.

[0023] A horizontal sliding baffle is provided in the lower half of the acid-resistant reactor in the height direction so that the lower half of the acid-resistant reactor serves as a buffer discharge section. When no new enteromorpha enters the acid-resistant reactor, the horizontal sliding baffle is extended to separate the lower half of the acid-resistant reactor from the upper half. After a period of time (equivalent to the enteromorpha in the buffer discharge section being allowed to stand), the enteromorpha treated with acid and enzyme sinks to the bottom, and a water outlet is provided at the upper part of the buffer discharge section, that is, below the horizontal sliding baffle (so that the buffer discharge section is used to drain the enteromorpha; considering that there is a period of time when no enteromorpha reaches the acid-resistant reactor, the waiting time is just utilized to improve work efficiency and reduce working hours). At this time, the water outlet is opened to discharge the water in the buffer discharge section first (the dehydration process after desalting and before drying is incorporated into the desalting process, thereby reducing the complexity of the entire preparation process, reducing the process steps and reducing working hours).

[0024] A stirring impeller is installed on the top of the acid-resistant reactor. The stirring impeller's stirring shaft passes through the top of the acid-resistant reactor and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reduction motor. The reduction motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the acid-resistant reactor. The bottom of the acid-resistant reactor is hinged and sealed to the reactor body. The bottom of the reactor is hinged to the exposed end of the piston rod of the cylinder. The cylinder body is hinged to the bottom of the reactor. A conveyor belt is installed below the acid-resistant reactor.

[0025] The output shaft of the reduction motor connected to the stirring impeller is connected to two belt transmission mechanisms arranged side by side up and down, and each belt transmission mechanism is connected to a crank slider mechanism. The end of the slider of the crank slider mechanism away from the crank penetrates into the kettle body and is fixedly connected to the end with a cutting blade and an extrusion block, and the extrusion block is located above the cutting blade in height; the cutting blade on one crank slider mechanism is located at a height position between the cutting blade and the extrusion block on the other crank slider mechanism.

[0026] A push block is fixedly provided on the side of the slider away from the slide seat, and a connecting rope is fixedly connected to the push block. The other end of the connecting rope is connected to a rope and the connection is located on the surface of the aforementioned rope rather than the end portion. One end of the rope is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the kettle body, and the other end is connected to the weight block after passing around the fixed pulley. An ear suction ball is fixedly connected to the support foot of the acid-resistant reactor, and the opening of the ear suction ball passes through the kettle body and a one-way valve is provided at the opening of the ear suction ball. An arc-shaped support plate is fixedly provided above the ear suction ball, and the aforementioned weight block is placed on the arc-shaped support plate. The fixed pulley is rotatably provided on the wheel seat, and the wheel seat is connected to the kettle body through the connecting block. The length of the rope is sufficient to pull the weight block off the arc-shaped support plate when the slider is extended, and the weight block falls on the arc-shaped support plate when the slider is reset.

[0027] The one-way valve is an elastic piece arranged on the inner wall of the opening of the ear suction ball. The elastic piece closes the opening when not under pressure. One end of the elastic piece is hinged to the inner wall of the ear suction ball.

[0028] Initially, the horizontal sliding baffle is not extended. After the preliminary cleaning, the enteromorpha enters the acid-resistant reactor and is stirred and acid or enzyme is added. After stirring and deep desalination, the stirring impeller stops stirring. When there is no enteromorpha transported to the acid-resistant reactor, it is just left to stand. Then the horizontal sliding baffle is extended to separate the lower part of the acid-resistant reactor from the upper part (or the horizontal sliding baffle is extended from the beginning to isolate the upper and lower parts of the acid-resistant reactor. After the deep desalination is completed, the stirring is stopped, and the horizontal sliding baffle is retracted. When there is no enteromorpha transported to the acid-resistant reactor, it is just left to stand, allowing the enteromorpha after deep desalination to fall to the bottom of the reactor. Then the horizontal sliding baffle is extended to isolate the upper and lower parts of the acid-resistant reactor again. Although the enteromorpha may be continuously transported to the station where the acid-resistant reactor is located, that is, the deep desalination station, the feed port of the acid-resistant reactor is intermittently opened to avoid the processing volume exceeding the processing capacity of the acid-resistant reactor. Therefore, an acid-resistant reactor with a large processing volume is selected so that new enteromorpha can be transported to the deep desalination station. The stirring impeller rotates; the structure of the lower part of the acid-resistant reactor is changed so that the stirring impeller drives the cutting blades arranged opposite to each other on the bottom of the reactor to move back and forth when rotating, so that the enteromorpha that has been dehydrated can be cut and crushed before discharging (in this way, the crushing process is incorporated into the discharging process after desalting and draining, and basically no crushing is required after drying or the crushing time is greatly reduced, which improves the efficiency of the entire process and greatly reduces the working hours), and at the same time drives the ear suction ball to absorb the moisture in the cutting / squeezing process, further completing the drainage work, so that the enteromorpha that falls on the conveyor belt is already basically completely drained, so that when it is conveyed to the drying station (it can be directly hot-air dried or freeze-dried), the enteromorpha is basically completely drained, which is convenient for subsequent drying treatment.

[0029] The advantages and benefits of this invention lie in combining desalination and extraction technologies to create an integrated "desalting-enzymatic hydrolysis-separation-purification" process. By developing efficient utilization technologies for the active ingredients of Enteromorpha, the active ingredients are extracted using microbial fermentation, chemical, and physical methods to meet the needs of farmland improvement.

[0030] Depending on the amount of organic fertilizer to be produced, if a large amount of Enteromorpha is collected, a portion can be deeply desalted and then efficiently extracted using physical and chemical methods such as centrifugation, ultrafiltration, and water-extraction and alcohol precipitation. This eliminates the need to store excess Enteromorpha powder. This method not only effectively desalinates the material deeply but also extracts active substances for farmland improvement. It also strikes a balance between extracting active substances and preparing Enteromorpha powder, allowing for a better distribution of the final product of fresh Enteromorpha.

[0031] The buffer discharge section is used to drain the enteromorpha; considering that there is a period of time when the enteromorpha does not reach the acid-resistant reactor, the waiting time is just utilized to improve work efficiency and reduce working hours.

[0032] The dehydration process after desalting and before drying is incorporated into the desalting process, which reduces the complexity of the entire preparation process, reduces the number of processes, and reduces working hours. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage rinsing tank, an acid-resistant reactor, and a conveyor belt in Example 2 of a Enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the medium acid-resistant reactor; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A top view of the pool at the end of the tunnel; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A top view of another example of the end-most pool; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Bottom view of the centrifugal dehydrator; Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Top view of the middle conveyor belt and the diversion conveyor belt; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Another working state schematic diagram; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Top view of the slider-crank mechanism on the center left; Figure 10 yes Figure 8 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the middle part of the lower end; Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A magnified schematic diagram of the middle suction ear bulb; Figure 12 yes Figure 11 Another working state schematic diagram; Figure 13 yes Figure 10 Another working state schematic diagram; Figure 14 yes Figure 10 Another working state diagram of .

[0034] In the figure: 1. Acid-resistant reactor; 2. Feed inlet; 3. Discharge outlet; 4. Water tank; 5. Stirring blade; 6. Reducer motor; 7. Water pump; 8. Channel; 9. Centrifugal dehydrator; 10. Hydraulic cylinder; 11. Water outlet; 12. Cylinder; 13. Conveyor belt; 14. Diverter conveyor belt; 15. Guide baffle; 16. Cylinder; 17. Connecting block; 18. Belt transmission mechanism; 19. Crank slider mechanism; 20. Slider; 21. Crank; 22. Cutting blade; 23. Extrusion block; 24. Slide; 25. Push block; 26. Connecting rope; 27. Rope; 28. Fixed pulley; 29. ​​Weight block; 30. Ear suction ball; 31. Vertical plate; 32. Rotating shaft; 33. Elastic sheet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following embodiments are further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1: 1) Research on efficient utilization technology of active ingredients of Enteromorpha The development of technologies for desalting Enteromorpha and efficiently extracting its nutrients focuses on gradient salt washing and efficient extraction. Freshwater pre-washing strips away free surface salts, combined with low-concentration acid solutions and enzymatic degradation to activate the Enteromorpha's gelatinous layer and cell walls, breaking down the barrier of alginate and other substances that protect intracellular salts, thereby establishing a multi-stage synergistic desalination system. For the active ingredients in Enteromorpha, such as polysaccharides, proteins, and unsaturated fatty acids, efficient extraction methods are being developed through physicochemical methods such as centrifugation, ultrafiltration, and water extraction and alcohol precipitation to improve extraction yield and product purity. Desalination and extraction technologies are combined to create an integrated "desalting-enzymatic hydrolysis-separation-purification" process. Through research on technologies for the efficient utilization of Enteromorpha's active ingredients, effective ingredients are extracted using microbial fermentation, chemical, and physical methods to meet the needs of arable land improvement.

[0037] The present invention is a Enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer, which is prepared as follows: 2) Preparation of Enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer According to the current characteristics of soil nutrients and the physical and chemical properties of Enteromorpha, through indoor compounding and cultivation experiments, we created a sample of Enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer using Enteromorpha as raw material. According to the characteristics of biomass materials such as decomposed livestock and poultry manure, microbial agents and humic acid, the raw material formula ratio was adjusted in terms of moisture, pH, conductivity, C / N, N / P and microstructure regulation, and compounded Enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer.

[0038] Material ratio: Enteromorpha powder (20%), rice bran or soybean meal (20%), garden waste or peat (40%), functional bacterial agent (0.1%); cow dung (more than 30%), edible fungus residue (more than 30%).

[0039] Composting conditions: 50% moisture content, temperature controlled at around 60°C, 20-day composting cycle, turning the pile 2-3 times during this period; Indicators monitored: organic matter, C / N ratio, humic acid, effective viable bacteria count, and pH value.

[0040] Example 2: The difference from Example 1 is that Figures 1 to 7 As shown (for ease of illustration, Figure 6 The connecting block is not shown in the figure), and a multi-stage rinsing tank is used to clean the enteromorpha in the preliminary cleaning process; the multi-stage rinsing tank is a series-type water pool, which gradually reduces the salt concentration by step-by-step fresh water immersion.

[0041] An acid-resistant reactor 1 (with stirring) is provided at the end of the multi-stage rinsing tank, and the feed port 2 of the acid-resistant reactor is provided at the upper part of the acid-resistant reactor, the feed port of the acid-resistant reactor is flush with the upper end of the notch of the multi-stage rinsing tank, and the discharge port 3 of the acid-resistant reactor is provided at the lower part of the acid-resistant reactor; A detachable cover is provided on the feed port, which keeps the feed port closed when the acid-resistant reactor is not connected to the multi-stage rinsing tank. After the acid-resistant reactor is connected to the multi-stage rinsing tank, the cover is removed and the feed port is directly connected to the channel.

[0042] The multi-stage rinsing tank includes several pools 4, each of which is equipped with a stirring blade 5 located at the bottom of the pool (to ensure sufficient contact between the water in the pool and the salt of the Enteromorpha entering the pool). The stirring shaft of the stirring blade passes through the side wall of the pool 4 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of a reduction motor 6 fixed to the outer wall of the pool. A water pump 7 is provided on the pool 4, which is higher than the stirring blade 5 and slightly lower than the upper pool opening of the pool. A connecting channel 8 is provided between adjacent pools, and is arranged near the upper pool opening of the pool 4 (so that when the channel is opened, the water pump 7 forms a water flow from left to right, and the Enteromorpha after preliminary cleaning is floating on the water surface, so the Enteromorpha cleaned in the previous pool 4 passes through the channel 8 to the next pool 4 for further cleaning). The end of the last pool along the water flow direction (or the Enteromorpha transportation direction) is also connected to the feed inlet of the acid-resistant reactor 1 through the channel 8 (all channels can be opened and closed in the form of sliding baffles: horizontally sliding metal or composite material plates, with tracks embedded in the pool wall, which can be driven manually or by a motor).

[0043] The fresh enteromorpha is rinsed with seawater and then placed in a multi-stage rinsing tank for cleaning and desalination.

[0044] Two discharge ports are provided at the slot of the multi-stage rinsing tank, one of which is connected to the centrifugal dehydrator 9, which is connected to the hot air drying box; the other is connected to the acid-resistant reactor 1; one directly enters the next process, i.e. the dehydration process after desalting and before drying; the other enters the deep desalting process (i.e. the Enteromorpha enters the acid-resistant reactor).

[0045] Two discharge ports are provided. When the amount of enteromorpha required for preparing enteromorpha powder is sufficient, the discharge port connected to the acid-resistant reactor 1 is connected to the acid-resistant reactor (for extracting active substances in enteromorpha for farmland improvement, or for deep desalination and subsequent dehydration and drying, etc.), while the other discharge port is closed to realize the diversion of enteromorpha (at the beginning, only the discharge port used for preparing enteromorpha powder, that is, the discharge port connected to the centrifugal dehydrator 9, can be opened; this situation is aimed at avoiding the degradation of heat-sensitive components (such as certain enzymes, vitamins, and some polyphenols) during the drying process or saving drying energy and time and directly using fresh enteromorpha for extraction; and for other components or considering high yield requirements, after desalination, drying, crushing and sieving are carried out before extracting active substances. Then, part of the enteromorpha powder can be taken out after the preparation of enteromorpha powder is completed to extract active substances. In this case, there is no need to consider the problem of diversion {equivalent to diversion after the preparation of enteromorpha powder, and weighing according to the required amount}).

[0046] The lower half of the height direction of the acid-resistant reactor 1 is provided with a horizontal sliding baffle (a horizontal plug-in sliding baffle can be used, the baffle is a flat plate or a slightly curved plate that matches the curvature of the reactor body, and the width is slightly larger than the radius of the reactor body to ensure complete isolation. The material is selected from PTFE, Hastelloy such as C-276 or tantalum or PP lined steel plate; the sliding baffle is driven by a hydraulic cylinder 10 or an electric push rod; the sliding seal is adopted: the edge of the baffle is embedded with a double-channel PTFE sealing strip to ensure a close fit with the reactor wall) so that the lower half of the acid-resistant reactor is used as a buffer discharge section. When no new enteromorpha enters the acid-resistant reactor (and after a period of stirring, acid addition / enzyme addition, that is, after the deep desalination of the enteromorpha in the acid-resistant reactor is completed, the stirring is stopped, and the desalted enteromorpha is allowed to settle to the bottom for a while, which is equivalent to After the enteromorpha in the buffer discharge section has been allowed to stand), a horizontal sliding baffle is extended to separate the lower half of the acid-resistant reactor from the upper half, and the enteromorpha treated with acid and enzyme sinks to the bottom. A water outlet 11 is set at the upper part of the buffer discharge section, that is, below the horizontal sliding baffle (so that the buffer discharge section can be used to drain the enteromorpha; considering that there is a period of time without the enteromorpha reaching the acid-resistant reactor, the waiting time is just utilized to improve work efficiency and reduce working hours). At this time, the water outlet is opened to discharge the water in the buffer discharge section first to play a role in drainage (the dehydration process after desalting and before drying is incorporated into the desalting process, reducing the complexity of the entire preparation process, reducing the process and reducing working hours). In this way, the enteromorpha is already drained when the material is finally discharged, reducing the workload of subsequent dehydration, improving efficiency and reducing working hours.

[0047] A stirring impeller is installed at the top of the acid-resistant reactor 1. The impeller's stirring shaft passes through the reactor top and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of a reduction motor 6, which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the reactor top. The bottom of the acid-resistant reactor is hingedly and sealedly connected to the reactor body. The bottom is hingedly connected to the exposed end of the piston rod of a cylinder 12. The cylinder is activated to open the bottom of the reactor to discharge the material (this configuration uses the outlet formed when the bottom of the reactor is opened as the discharge port). The cylinder body is hingedly connected to the reactor body. A conveyor belt 13 is installed below the acid-resistant reactor 1. After the bottom of the reactor is opened, the enteromorpha is discharged onto the conveyor belt. The conveyor belt transports a portion of the enteromorpha to subsequent processing stations (centrifugation, ultrafiltration, water extraction and alcohol precipitation, etc., for efficient extraction of the enteromorpha for ultimate use in farmland improvement). The conveyor belt transports another portion of the enteromorpha to a drying station for subsequent drying, crushing, and screening.

[0048] A movable guide baffle can be installed at the end of the conveyor belt, with its position driven by a pneumatic cylinder, servo motor, or solenoid valve to change the direction of material flow (i.e., a mechanical diverter). The baffle switching cycle can be controlled using a PLC or timer. Alternatively, a guide baffle 15 can be hinged to the end of each baffle on either side of the conveyor belt 13 (the length of the guide baffle 15 is such that its free end extends beyond the end of the conveyor belt 14 when not being pushed by the pneumatic cylinder, and is flush with the end of the conveyor belt 14 when being pushed by the pneumatic cylinder 16; the guide baffle is hingedly connected to the exposed end of the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder 16, and the length of the piston rod is such that the free end of the guide baffle is flush with the end of the conveyor belt 14 when the cylinder is extended to its maximum length). Two diverter conveyors 14 are arranged side by side at the outer end of the conveyor belt (one for conveying the Enteromorpha to the drying station, the other for conveying the Enteromorpha to a centrifugation, ultrafiltration, water extraction, alcohol precipitation, or other stations for efficient extraction). The cylinder 16 is fixedly connected to a connecting block 17 , and the connecting block is fixedly connected to a frame of the conveyor belt 13 .

[0049] Example 3: The difference from Example 2 is that Figures 8 to 14 As shown (for ease of illustration, Figure 8 Only one side of the ear suction ball, fixed pulley, and connecting rope are shown; Figure 10 、 Figure 13 、 Figure 14The diagrams are respectively the initial position of the slider, the slider sliding to the middle position and the slider extended to the farthest position), the output shaft of the reduction motor 6 connected to the stirring impeller is connected to two belt transmission mechanisms 18 arranged side by side up and down, each belt transmission mechanism is connected to a crank slider mechanism 19, the end of the slider 20 of the crank slider mechanism away from the crank 21 penetrates into the kettle body and is fixedly connected to this end with a cutting blade 22 and an extrusion block 23, and the extrusion block is located above the cutting blade in height; the cutting blade on one crank slider mechanism is located at a height position between the cutting blade on the other crank slider mechanism and the extrusion block (so that the two lower pairs of cutting blades will not interfere with each other when moving towards each other, nor will they rub the extrusion block). A push block 25 is fixedly provided on the side of the slider 20 away from the slide seat 24, and a connecting rope 26 is fixedly connected to the push block. The other end of the connecting rope is connected to a rope 27 and the connection is located on the surface of the aforementioned rope 27 rather than the end. One end of the rope is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the kettle body, and the other end is connected to the weight block 29 after passing through the fixed pulley 28. An ear suction ball 30 is fixedly connected to the support leg of the acid-resistant reactor. The opening of the ear suction ball passes through the kettle body and a one-way valve is provided at the opening of the ear suction ball (which can only allow water to flow in from the outside. An elastic sheet 32 ​​can be provided on the inner wall of the opening of the ear suction ball. When it is not under pressure, the elastic sheet closes the opening. After the weight leaves the ear suction ball, the ear suction ball expands, forming a process of sucking air and water. The water flow and air flow impact the elastic sheet, causing the opening to open. After working for a period of time, a new empty ear suction ball can be replaced to avoid storing water exceeding the amount that the ear suction ball can bear; or an opening can be provided at the bottom of the ear suction ball so that the sucked water is sucked into the weight block. When the weight is pressed on the ear suction ball, it is discharged, and when the weight is driven upward by the connecting rope, the ear suction ball expands, on the one hand absorbing the moisture in the kettle, and on the other hand the aforementioned opening also absorbs air from the outside). An arc-shaped support plate is fixed above the ear suction ball, and the aforementioned weight block is placed on the arc-shaped support plate. The fixed pulley is rotatably arranged on the wheel seat, and the wheel seat is connected to the kettle body through the connecting block. The length of the connecting rope 26 is sufficient to pull the weight block off the arc-shaped support plate when the slider is extended, and the weight block falls on the arc-shaped support plate when the slider is reset (vertical plates 31 are fixedly provided at both ends of the arc-shaped support plate to form a slide groove to limit the weight block to only move vertically up and down; when the stirring impeller is driven by the reduction motor to rotate, it also drives two belt transmission mechanisms arranged side by side up and down to move, thereby driving the crank slider mechanism to move, realizing the reciprocating motion of the slider, and realizing the reciprocating motion of the cutting blade and the extrusion block. Since cutting blades and extrusion blocks are set on both sides, the deep desalinated Enteromorpha between the extrusion blocks is squeezed and cut and crushed).

[0050] A pulley of the belt transmission mechanism is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reduction motor, and the axle of the other pulley of the belt transmission mechanism is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 32, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the crank of the crank slider mechanism. The crank is hinged to the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is hinged to the slider. The slider is slidably set on the slide, and the slide is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the kettle body. In this way, after the reduction motor is started, it drives the belt transmission mechanism, thereby driving the crank slider mechanism (the crank drives the slider to move back and forth through the hinged connecting rod, which is the existing technology and will not be repeated here), realizing squeezing, cutting, and water absorption while stirring, and then the bottom of the kettle is opened by the cylinder to complete the discharge.

[0051] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer, characterized in that: Including enteromorpha powder, rice bran or soybean meal, garden waste or peat, functional bacterial agents, cow dung and edible fungus residue.

2. A Enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass parts of the raw materials are: 20 mass parts of enteromorpha powder, 20 mass parts of rice bran or soybean meal, 40 mass parts of garden waste or peat, 0.1 mass part of functional bacterial agent, 30 mass parts of cow dung and 30 mass parts of edible fungus residue.

3. A method for preparing enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer, comprising preparing the enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The method comprises the following preparation steps performed in sequence: preparing enteromorpha powder; uniformly mixing enteromorpha powder, rice bran or soybean meal, garden waste or peat, cow dung and edible fungus residue, then uniformly spraying functional bacterial agents and then composting and fermenting the compost; and after the compost fermentation is completed, drying, crushing, sieving and packaging.

4. The method for preparing enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer according to claim 3, wherein: The method for preparing enteromorpha powder comprises the following steps: collecting fresh enteromorpha, washing with seawater to remove mud, sand, impurities and other attached organisms, desalting, drying, crushing and sieving.

5. The method for preparing enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer according to claim 4, wherein: The desalination process is a gradient desalination process; or the desalination process is a preliminary cleaning process.

6. The method for preparing enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer according to claim 5, wherein: The gradient desalination includes preliminary cleaning and deep desalination processes, and the deep desalination process is also a pre-extraction treatment process; the deep desalination process is: using low-concentration acid solution and enzymes to degrade and activate the enteromorpha colloid layer and cell wall.

7. The method for preparing enteromorpha-based organic fertilizer according to claim 6, wherein: The composting conditions of the composting fermentation process are: a moisture content of 50%, a temperature controlled at about 60° C., a composting period of 20 days, and turning the compost 2-3 times during the composting period.

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