Research, development and production method of ultrahigh moisture absorption and sweat releasing aramid fiber

Abstract

The invention discloses a research, development and production method of ultrahigh moisture absorption and sweat releasing fiber aramid fiber, which comprises the following steps: step 1, dissolving an aramid fiber polymer in concentrated sulfuric acid to form a spinning solution; 2, adding a hydrophilic polymer and a microporous pore-forming agent into the spinning solution, and carrying out ultrasonic-mechanical stirring synergistic dispersion to form a homogeneous solution; 3, extruding the mixed solution through a spinneret plate by adopting a dry-jet wet spinning process, and sequentially passing through a high-temperature air gap section and a low-temperature coagulating bath to form nascent fibers with a micron-sized porous structure; and 4, carrying out multi-stage stretching and water washing treatment on the nascent fiber, and removing the residual solvent and the pore-foaming agent. The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of high-performance fibers, and particularly provides a research, development and production method of ultrahigh moisture-absorbing and sweat-releasing fiber aramid fibers, which has the advantages that the high-strength heat-resistant characteristic is maintained, the moisture-absorbing and sweat-releasing performance is improved in a breakthrough manner, the mechanical property retention effect is good, and the durability and the stability are high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of high-performance fiber preparation, and specifically refers to a research and development and production method of ultra-high moisture absorption and perspiration-wicking fiber aramid. Background Art

[0002] Aramid fibers are widely used in aerospace, defense, military, environmental protection, construction and other fields due to their properties such as wear resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, high strength, high modulus, and flame retardancy. However, traditional aramid fibers are difficult to meet the wearing comfort requirements in high humidity environments due to their strong hydrophobicity and poor hygroscopicity, which limits their application in moisture-absorbing and perspiration-wicking textiles. In the prior art, hygroscopicity can be improved by blending hydrophilic additives or surface coatings, but there are problems such as poor durability and decreased mechanical properties. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the research and development and production method of a new type of ultra-high moisture-absorbing and perspiration-wicking fiber aramid to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned existing problems, the present invention provides a research, development and production method of ultra-high moisture absorption and perspiration-wicking fiber aramid, which achieves a breakthrough improvement in moisture absorption and perspiration-wicking performance while maintaining high strength and heat resistance, has good mechanical property retention, and has strong durability and stability.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The research and development and production method of the ultra-high moisture absorption and perspiration-wicking fiber aramid of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: dissolving the aramid polymer in concentrated sulfuric acid to form a spinning solution;

[0006] Step 2: adding a hydrophilic polymer and a microporous porogen to the spinning solution, and synergistically dispersing them by ultrasonic-mechanical stirring to form a homogeneous solution;

[0007] Step 3: Using a dry-jet wet spinning process, the mixed solution is extruded through a spinneret, and then passes through a high-temperature air gap section and a low-temperature coagulation bath in sequence to form a primary fiber with a micron-sized porous structure;

[0008] Step 4: Perform multi-stage stretching and water washing on the as-spun fibers to remove residual solvent and porogen;

[0009] Step 5: Treat the fiber surface with low-temperature plasma and load a porous nano-silica coating on the fiber surface by an impregnation method.

[0010] Furthermore, the mass proportion of the hydrophilic polymer is 5-20% of the spinning solution, and the mass ratio of the hydrophilic polymer to the aramid polymer is 1:4 to 1:2.

[0011] Furthermore, the mass proportion of the microporous porogen is 1-5% of the spinning solution.

[0012] Furthermore, the stretching ratio of the multi-stage stretching is 3-5 times.

[0013] Furthermore, the temperature of the high-temperature air gap section is 80-120° C., the low-temperature coagulation bath is a mixed solution of deionized water and ethanol at 0-10° C., and the volume ratio of the deionized water to the ethanol is 7:3.

[0014] Furthermore, the loading amount of the nano-silica porous coating is 2-8% of the fiber mass, and the pore size is 50-200 nm.

[0015] Furthermore, the performance of the ultra-high moisture absorption and perspiration-wicking fiber aramid was verified: the moisture absorption increment of the fiber in an environment of temperature 25°C and humidity 65% ​​was weighed; the fiber bundle was suspended vertically and the height of moisture migration along the fiber axis was recorded; and the breaking strength was determined through a single fiber tensile test.

[0016] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows: The research, development and production method of the ultra-high moisture absorption and perspiration-wicking fiber aramid proposed in this scheme combines a porogen with a dry-jet wet spinning process to form micron-level pores running through the fiber axis, thereby improving the moisture conduction efficiency of the capillary effect. The aramid matrix provides mechanical support, the hydrophilic polymer imparts hygroscopicity, the nano-silica coating enhances surface wettability, and plasma grafting is combined with a nano-porous coating to achieve a dynamic balance of rapid moisture adsorption-diffusion-evaporation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1

[0019] A method for developing and producing ultra-high moisture absorption and perspiration-wicking aramid fiber comprises the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Dissolve the aramid polymer in 98% concentrated sulfuric acid and stir until transparent;

[0021] Step 2: Add 8% polyvinyl pyrrolidone and 3% nano-calcium carbonate and disperse by ultrasonic for 30 minutes;

[0022] Step 3: The spinning solution is extruded through a 0.15 mm spinneret, passes through a 100°C air gap section, and then enters a 5°C coagulation bath. The nascent fiber is stretched 4 times and then washed with water;

[0023] Step 4: Use argon plasma treatment for 10 minutes at a power of 150W to generate active amino groups on the fiber surface;

[0024] Step 5: Immersing in an ethanol dispersion containing 5% nano-silicon dioxide, and drying to obtain a finished fiber.

[0025] The performance of aramid, a super-high moisture absorption and perspiration-wicking fiber, was verified by measuring the incremental moisture absorption of the fiber at 25°C and 65% humidity. The fiber bundle was suspended vertically and the height of moisture migration along the fiber axis was recorded. The breaking strength was determined by a single-fiber tensile test.

[0026] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0027] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Research and development and production method of ultra-high moisture absorption and perspiration-wicking fiber aramid, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: dissolving the aramid polymer in concentrated sulfuric acid to form a spinning solution; Step 2: adding a hydrophilic polymer and a microporous porogen to the spinning solution, and synergistically dispersing them by ultrasonic-mechanical stirring to form a homogeneous solution; Step 3: Using a dry-jet wet spinning process, the mixed solution is extruded through a spinneret, and then passes through a high-temperature air gap section and a low-temperature coagulation bath in sequence to form a primary fiber with a micron-sized porous structure; Step 4: Perform multi-stage stretching and water washing on the as-spun fibers to remove residual solvent and porogen; Step 5: Treat the fiber surface with low-temperature plasma and load a porous nano-silica coating on the fiber surface by an impregnation method.

2. The method for developing and producing the ultra-high moisture absorption and perspiration-wicking aramid fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass proportion of the hydrophilic polymer is 5-20% of the spinning solution, and the mass ratio of the hydrophilic polymer to the aramid polymer is 1:4 to 1:

2.

3. The method for developing and producing the ultra-high moisture absorption and perspiration-wicking aramid fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass proportion of the microporous porogen is 1-5% of the spinning solution.

4. The method for developing and producing the ultra-high moisture absorption and perspiration-wicking aramid fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stretching ratio of the multi-stage stretching is 3-5 times.

5. The method for developing and producing the ultra-high moisture absorption and perspiration-wicking aramid fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the high-temperature air gap section is 80-120° C., and the low-temperature coagulation bath is a mixed solution of deionized water and ethanol at 0-10° C., with the volume ratio of the deionized water to the ethanol being 7:

3.

6. The method for developing and producing the ultra-high moisture absorption and perspiration-wicking aramid fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading amount of the nano-silicon dioxide porous coating is 2-8% of the fiber mass, and the pore size is 50-200nm.

7. The method for developing and producing the ultra-high moisture absorption and perspiration-wicking aramid fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The performance of aramid, a super-high moisture absorption and perspiration-wicking fiber, was verified by measuring the incremental moisture absorption of the fiber at 25°C and 65% humidity. The fiber bundle was suspended vertically and the height of moisture migration along the fiber axis was recorded. The breaking strength was determined by a single-fiber tensile test.