Transverse automatic limiting method, system and device and excavating mechanism of railway screen scarifier

Abstract

The invention relates to a transverse automatic limiting method, system and device and an excavating mechanism of a railway screen scarifier, the transverse automatic limiting device of the excavating mechanism of the railway screen scarifier comprises a bucket wheel, a large arm transverse oil cylinder is respectively provided with a special sensor mounting frame and a pull rope fixing plate, and the mounting frames are respectively provided with a pull rope sensor; the input module is used for collecting signals of the pull rope sensor, and the control host is used for receiving the signals collected by the input module, transmitting control signals to the output module through operation and controlling an oil cylinder electromagnetic valve. And the display screen is used for receiving signals of the control host and displaying information such as width and alarm. Accurate and efficient auxiliary control is achieved under the condition that operation of the excavating mechanism of the railway screen scarifier is not affected, when the excavating mechanism swings outwards, the mechanism can be automatically controlled to be parallel to a vehicle body in real time, the excavating mechanism does not invade limit and swings within a safe range, the safety and reliability of operation of the railway screen scarifier are improved, and the working efficiency of the railway screen scarifier is improved. And the high-speed railway transportation safety is prevented from being influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of driving operation safety of large-scale road maintenance machinery, and specifically relates to a lateral automatic limiting method, system, device and an excavation mechanism of a railway screening machine. Background Art

[0002] For most countries around the world, high-speed rail usage is low. Due to their widely dispersed populations, low demand for medium-distance travel, and low cost-effectiveness, building high-speed rail is not an optimal option. Western countries, led by the United States, have highly developed transportation infrastructure, with well-developed roads, aviation, and other sectors, enabling comprehensive coverage for short, medium, and long-distance travel. Therefore, high-speed rail is not an irreplaceable option for road-based nations like the United States, and the diverse range of travel options reduces its necessity. However, for developing countries with varying economic levels, large and widely distributed populations, and consistently high levels of population mobility, the development of high-speed rail is essential to address transportation challenges, thus driving the rapid development of high-speed rail in China.

[0003] China has established the world's largest and most modern high-speed rail network. By 2024, China's high-speed rail operating mileage exceeded 46,000 kilometers. Currently, an average of 4,000 high-speed trains running at 350 kilometers per hour operate daily. Long-term use of railway lines results in dirty trackbeds and broken ballast, significantly impacting the condition and performance of the lines. These conditions necessitate cleaning with a railway screening machine. A railway screening machine is a device for cleaning the trackbed and ballast, capable of scooping up ballast, conveying ballast, vibrating screening, backfilling with clean ballast, and discarding dirty ballast.

[0004] Faced with the densely populated domestic high-speed railway network, the cantilever screening machine may intrude into the adjacent line after the excavation mechanism swings outward during operation, causing a collision with oncoming vehicles on the adjacent line.

[0005] Because high-speed rail usage is low abroad, the densely packed high-speed rail network of China's is less common. This reduces the risk of cantilevered screen cleaning machines swaying their excavator mechanism into adjacent tracks and colliding with oncoming vehicles. Consequently, the lateral limit control of the excavator mechanism on these screen cleaning machines is currently performed manually by multiple operators based on their experience. This increases both the workload and the operational risks. With the continuous development of railways, China's railways, entering the high-speed rail era, are facing increasingly stringent safety requirements. According to my country's High-Speed ​​Railway Safety Protection Management Measures, relevant entities and individuals constructing structures or engaging in other production and operation activities in the vicinity of high-speed railways must comply with the laws, regulations, and relevant standards that ensure high-speed rail safety and take measures to prevent any impact on high-speed rail transportation safety. Within the limited space of railway screen cleaning machines, it is necessary to develop an automatic control method that achieves precise and efficient auxiliary control to prevent any impact on high-speed rail transportation safety. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on the safety requirements of China's railways entering the high-speed rail era, the present invention provides a method and system for automatic lateral limiting of the excavation mechanism of a railway screening machine. By setting an automatic lateral limiting device for the excavation mechanism in the limited space of the railway screening machine, accurate and efficient auxiliary control is achieved without affecting the operation of the excavation mechanism of the railway screening machine. When the excavation mechanism swings outward, the mechanism can be automatically controlled in real time to remain parallel to the vehicle body, so that the excavation mechanism does not intrude into the limit and swings within a safe range, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the railway screening machine operation and preventing impact on high-speed railway transportation safety.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide an excavating mechanism for a railway screening machine.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a transverse automatic limiting device for the excavation mechanism of a railway screening machine.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for automatically limiting the horizontal position of the excavation mechanism of a railway screening machine, which is characterized in that: when the current working condition is selected as the two-line operation, When the boom 10 is swung outward from the first measuring point to n measuring points in sequence, while ensuring that the bucket wheel 11 is parallel to the line, the fixed values ​​of the horizontal displacement distances of the boom and bucket wheel lateral cylinders and the excavation width at each measuring point are recorded to form a preset fixed value table; Input the current extension and contraction amount M of the boom detected by the boom displacement sensor, and input the current extension and contraction amount of the bucket wheel detected by the bucket wheel displacement sensor; When the bucket wheel is parallel to the track, calculate the target bucket wheel extension and retraction value and current excavation width corresponding to the current boom extension and retraction amount M. Compare the current boom extension and retraction amount M with the boom lateral cylinder lateral displacement distance in the fixed value table to obtain the interval of the current boom extension and retraction amount M as (A, B), where A is the mth measurement point, B is the m+1th measurement point, and 1≤m+1≤n. According to the preset fixed value table, the bucket wheel lateral cylinder lateral displacement distance interval is (C, D), and the excavation width interval is (E, F). Calculate the target bucket wheel extension and retraction value when the bucket wheel is parallel to the track as C+(MA)*(D-C) / (BA), and the current excavation width as E+(M-A)*(FE) / (BA). If the current bucket wheel extension and retraction amount does not reach the target bucket wheel extension and retraction amount, the bucket wheel lateral cylinder output is controlled until the target value is reached and the output stops; when the current excavation width reaches the width limit value set according to the on-site environment before the operation, the boom swing output is automatically stopped and an alarm is issued; The display screen shows the current excavation width corresponding to the current extension and retraction amount M of the boom, the width limit value set according to the on-site environment, and the alarm information.

[0010] A horizontal automatic limit system for the excavation mechanism of a railway screening machine. When the current working condition is selected as the two-line operation, Preset module: When the boom swings outward from the first measuring point to n measuring points in sequence, while ensuring that the bucket wheel is parallel to the line, the fixed value of the horizontal displacement distance of the boom and bucket wheel lateral cylinder and the excavation width at each measuring point are recorded to form a preset fixed value table; Input module, inputs the current extension and contraction amount M of the boom detected by the boom displacement sensor, and inputs the current extension and contraction amount of the bucket wheel detected by the bucket wheel displacement sensor; The calculation module calculates the bucket wheel extension target value and the current excavation width corresponding to the current boom extension M when the bucket wheel is parallel to the line. The current boom extension M is compared with the boom lateral cylinder lateral displacement distance in the fixed value table to obtain the interval of the current boom extension M as (A, B), where A is the mth measurement point and B is the m+1th measurement point, 1≤m+1≤n. According to the preset fixed value table, the bucket wheel lateral cylinder lateral displacement distance interval is (C, D), and the excavation width interval is (E, F). The bucket wheel extension target value when the bucket wheel is parallel to the line is calculated as C+(MA)*(D-C) / (BA), and the current excavation width is E+(M-A)*(FE) / (BA). The output module adjusts the bucket wheel traverse cylinder output according to the bucket wheel extension target value, and adjusts the boom swing output according to the current excavation width; The display module displays the current excavation width corresponding to the current extension and retraction amount M of the boom, the width limit value set according to the on-site environment, and the alarm information on the display screen; The output module includes The judgment module determines whether the current expansion and contraction of the bucket wheel reaches the target expansion and contraction value of the bucket wheel, and whether the previous excavation width reaches the width limit value set according to the on-site environment before the operation; The control module controls the bucket wheel lateral cylinder output if the current bucket wheel extension and retraction amount does not reach the bucket wheel extension and retraction target value, and stops outputting when the target value is reached. When the current excavation width reaches the width limit value set according to the on-site environment before the operation, the boom swing output is automatically stopped and an alarm message is issued.

[0011] The input module is connected to the boom cylinder pull rope sensor and the bucket wheel cylinder pull rope sensor. The output module is connected to the solenoid valves used to control the movement of the boom lateral cylinder and the bucket wheel lateral cylinder. The excavation width is the distance between the outermost end of the bucket wheel tooth and the line or the center of the vehicle body.

[0012] The cam is hinged on the support frame, and the support frame is hinged on the support frame, and the support frame is hinged on the support frame. The support frame is hinged on the support frame, and the support frame is hinged on the support frame. The support frame is hinged on the support frame and the support frame is hinged on the support frame. The support frame is hinged on the support frame. The support frame is hinged on the support frame. The support frame is hinged on the support frame The boom cylinder rope sensor is installed above the cylinder barrel, and a rope fixing plate is installed at the end of the piston rod. The rope end of the boom cylinder rope sensor is fixed on the rope fixing plate, and the straight line where the rope of the boom cylinder rope sensor is located is parallel to the axis of the piston rod of the boom transverse cylinder; the installation method of the bucket wheel cylinder rope sensor is the same as that of the boom cylinder rope sensor. The bucket wheel cylinder rope sensor is installed directly below the cylinder barrel of the bucket wheel transverse cylinder through a clamp, and a rope fixing plate is installed at the end of the piston rod of the bucket wheel transverse cylinder. The rope end of the bucket wheel cylinder rope sensor is fixed on the rope fixing plate, and the straight line where the rope of the bucket wheel cylinder rope sensor is located is parallel to the axis of the piston rod of the bucket wheel transverse cylinder.

[0013] The cylinder barrel of the bucket wheel transverse oil cylinder is hinged on the bucket wheel oil cylinder mounting seat of the forearm, and the piston rod of the bucket wheel transverse oil cylinder is hinged on the bucket wheel oil cylinder mounting seat on the bucket wheel supporting bracket.

[0014] The piston rod of the boom transverse cylinder is hinged to the crankshaft installed on the crankshaft mounting seat, and the cylinder barrel of the boom transverse cylinder is hinged to the boom cylinder mounting seat on the vehicle body through the distribution shaft; the support is hinged to the base on the vehicle body.

[0015] There is an ear plate at the end of the piston rod of the boom transverse oil cylinder, the ear plate is hinged to the connecting arm, a pull rope fixing plate is installed on the ear plate, and the pull rope is fixed with rope clamps at both ends of the pull rope fixing plate.

[0016] The boom cylinder rope sensor is installed on the top of the cylinder barrel through a clamp. The clamp includes two half rings and connecting ears connected to the ends of the two half rings. The bolts installed on the connecting ears at the ends of the two half rings form the two half rings that are surrounded by the outside of the cylinder barrel into a whole. One half ring has a mounting block for the boom cylinder rope sensor or the bucket wheel cylinder rope sensor.

[0017] A transverse automatic limiting device for the excavation mechanism of a railway screening machine includes a sensor mounting bracket installed on each of the bucket wheel and the boom transverse oil cylinder, and a pull rope sensor installed on each mounting bracket; an input module for collecting pull rope sensor signals, a main control module for receiving the signals collected by the input module, transmitting control signals to the output module after calculation, and controlling the oil cylinder solenoid valve; and a display screen for receiving signals from the main control module and displaying information such as the current excavation width, a width limit value set according to the on-site environment, and alarms.

[0018] The sensor mounting bracket is a clamp and a rope fixing plate; the clamp includes two half rings and connecting ears connected to the ends of the two half rings. The bolts installed on the connecting ears at the ends of the two half rings form the two half rings that are surrounded by the outside of the cylinder into a whole. One half ring has a mounting block for the boom cylinder rope sensor or the bucket wheel cylinder rope sensor.

[0019] The pull rope sensor includes a boom oil cylinder pull rope sensor and a bucket wheel oil cylinder pull rope sensor; the boom oil cylinder pull rope sensor is installed above the cylinder barrel, and a pull rope fixing plate is installed at the end of the piston rod. The end of the pull rope of the boom oil cylinder pull rope sensor is fixed to the pull rope fixing plate. The straight line where the pull rope of the boom oil cylinder pull rope sensor is located is parallel to the piston rod axis of the boom transverse oil cylinder; The bucket wheel cylinder rope sensor is installed directly below the bucket wheel transverse cylinder barrel through a clamp. A rope fixing plate is installed at the end of the piston rod of the bucket wheel transverse cylinder. The rope end of the bucket wheel cylinder rope sensor is fixed on the rope fixing plate. The straight line of the rope of the bucket wheel cylinder rope sensor is parallel to the axis of the piston rod of the bucket wheel transverse cylinder.

[0020] The bucket wheel cylinder pull-rod sensor is mounted directly below the bucket wheel transverse cylinder barrel via a clamp. This protects the bucket wheel cylinder pull-rod sensor, preventing it from being struck by gravel and affecting detection accuracy without the use of a protective cover. The use of a pull-rod sensor in the displacement sensor of this invention improves detection accuracy and avoids the inaccuracy associated with ultrasonic sensors due to interference. Mounting the displacement sensor via a clamp eliminates the need for direct welding of the displacement sensor to the outer wall of the cylinder barrel, thereby preventing welding from affecting the precision of the cylinder piston rod's movement.

[0021] This invention achieves automatic parallel control of the excavation width of a side-cut cantilever screen cleaning machine. By utilizing displacement sensor technology and algorithm analysis techniques, this technology ultimately enables real-time parallel control of the excavation bucket wheel and the vehicle body, as well as display of the excavation width. When the excavation mechanism swings outward, it automatically controls the excavation mechanism and the vehicle body to maintain parallelism, and the vehicle body and the track are also longitudinally parallel. This improves operational efficiency and solves the problems of difficult excavation width control and the tendency for excavation operations to intrude on the track. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments provided in the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the railway screen cleaning machine of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the excavation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A top view of Figure 4 for Figure 2 Rear view; Figure 5 This is the installation diagram of the boom transverse cylinder; Figure 6 This is the installation diagram of the boom cylinder pull rope sensor of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the clamp of the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Side view of Figure 9 This is a program logic flow chart of the automatic lateral limit control system of the excavating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is the electrical principle block diagram of the automatic transverse limit device of the excavation mechanism of the railway screen cleaning machine of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a working state diagram of the excavation mechanism of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Figure 1In the figure, 91 is the boom lift cylinder, which is fixed to the boom lift cylinder mounting bracket 92 and boom 10 on the side of the vehicle body, controlling the lifting and lowering of boom 10. The excavation mechanism includes a bucket wheel support bracket 112 and a bucket wheel 11 located outside the bucket wheel support bracket 112. The bucket wheel support bracket 112 is connected to the vehicle body via the boom 10. The upper end of the boom 10 is hinged to the forearm 12, which is hinged to the bucket wheel support bracket 112. The lower end of the boom 10 is hinged to the support 9. The support 9 and the crankshaft mounting bracket 205 are mounted on the vehicle frame. The boom cylinder rope sensor 1 is mounted above the cylinder barrel 202 via a clamp 2. The end of the piston rod 201 is equipped with a rope fixing plate 3. The rope end of the boom cylinder rope sensor 1 is fixed to the rope fixing plate 3. The straight line of the rope of the boom cylinder rope sensor 1 is parallel to the piston rod axis of the boom transverse cylinder. The bucket wheel cylinder rope sensor 4 is installed in the same manner as the boom cylinder rope sensor 1. The bucket wheel cylinder rope sensor is mounted directly below the barrel of the bucket wheel transverse cylinder 40 via a clamp. A rope fixing plate is attached to the end of the piston rod of the bucket wheel transverse cylinder 40. The rope end of the bucket wheel cylinder rope sensor is fixed to the fixing plate, aligning the rope of the bucket wheel cylinder rope sensor parallel to the axis of the piston rod of the bucket wheel transverse cylinder 40. The clamp 2 consists of two half rings and connecting ears connected to the ends of the two half rings. Bolts attached to the connecting ears encircle the two half rings, forming a single unit. One half ring has a mounting block 21 for securing the boom cylinder rope sensor 1 or bucket wheel cylinder rope sensor 4. The end of the boom transverse cylinder piston rod 201 has an ear plate, mounted with a rope fixing plate 3. Rope clamps secure the rope at both ends of the rope fixing plate 3.

[0025] Figure 2-8In the figure, the piston rod 201 of the boom transverse cylinder 20 is hinged to the crankshaft mounted on the crankshaft mounting seat. The cylinder barrel 202 of the boom transverse cylinder is hinged to the boom cylinder mounting seat 206 on the vehicle frame A via a pin 203. A clamp 2 is installed on the cylinder barrels of the boom transverse cylinder and the bucket wheel transverse cylinder. The boom cylinder rope sensor 1 and the bucket wheel cylinder rope sensor 4 are mounted on the clamp 2, respectively, to measure the extension and contraction of the boom transverse cylinder and the bucket wheel transverse cylinder, respectively. A rope fixing plate 3 is installed on the piston rod lugs of the boom transverse cylinder and the bucket wheel transverse cylinder. The rope ends of the boom cylinder rope sensor 1 and the bucket wheel cylinder rope sensor 4 are fixed to the rope fixing plate 3. The clamp 2 and rope fixing plate 3 are mounted to the cylinder barrel and piston rod lug of the boom transverse cylinder, and the other set is mounted to the cylinder barrel and piston rod lug of the bucket wheel transverse cylinder. Reference numeral 111 represents the boom pitch adjustment cylinder. The boom cylinder rope sensor 1 is covered with a protective cover. The protective cover is made of a bent patterned aluminum plate and includes a vertical plate portion and a horizontal plate portion connected to the end of the vertical plate portion, and the vertical plate portion is fixed to the vehicle frame. The protective cover plays a protective role to prevent the boom cylinder rope sensor in a harsh working environment from being hit by gravel. The piston rod 201 of the boom transverse cylinder is hinged to the crankshaft 204 mounted on the crankshaft mounting seat 205, and the cylinder barrel 202 of the boom transverse cylinder is hinged to the boom cylinder mounting seat 206 on the vehicle body via the distribution shaft 203; the cylinder barrel of the bucket wheel transverse cylinder 40 is hinged to the bucket wheel cylinder mounting seat of the forearm 12, and the piston rod of the bucket wheel transverse cylinder 40 is hinged to the bucket wheel cylinder mounting seat on the bucket wheel support bracket 112.

[0026] Figure 9When the current operating condition is set to "two-track operation" (two-track operation refers to operation between two railway lines), the system automatically limits the bucket wheel to the track by adjusting the bucket wheel and boom traverse cylinders. Each time the boom swings outward, the bucket wheel must retract a certain distance to maintain parallelism. Each parallel state during the mechanism's outward swing corresponds to a fixed set of boom and bucket wheel traverse cylinder traverse distances. If the boom traverse travel is S, this travel is divided into 10 equal segments, each measured at 10 points (S / 10, 2S / 10...9 / 10S, S). At these 10 points, the bucket wheel is manually adjusted to ensure parallelism. The bucket wheel traverse cylinder extension and extension values ​​(x1, x2...x10) are then recorded and pre-programmed into the program. This yields 10 sets of boom and bucket wheel extension and extension values ​​for the parallel state: {(S / 10, x1), (2S / 10, x2),...} After S is refined into 10 segments, the relationship between the boom and bucket wheel extension and contraction in each segment is approximately linear. Therefore, during the boom swing process, the program first uses the boom displacement sensor to detect the current boom extension and contraction. Assuming the current extension and contraction is S / 6, that is, within the interval (S / 10, 2S / 10), the program calculates from the preset value that to ensure parallelism, the current bucket wheel extension and contraction should be x1+(S / 6-S / 10)*(x2-x1) / (2S / 10- S / 10). After calculating the bucket wheel extension and contraction target value, the program uses the displacement sensor to determine if the bucket wheel extension and contraction has not reached the target value. It then controls the bucket wheel traverse cylinder output until it reaches the target value and stops output. This program continues to take effect during the boom swing process, achieving real-time dynamic parallelism of the bucket wheel during the process, that is, automatic limit.

[0027] Similarly, 10 measurement points (S / 10, 2S / 10...9 / 10S, S) correspond to ten sets of excavation width values ​​(w1, w2...w10). The relationship between boom extension and width at each stage is approximately linear. Using the same principle, the current excavation width is dynamically calculated in real time based on boom extension and retraction, and displayed on the display. This information allows the operator to proactively adjust the excavation mechanism. When the current excavation width reaches the width limit set before the operation based on the site environment, boom swing output automatically stops and an alarm is issued.

[0028] When the excavation mechanism moves laterally to a critical point and the manual output of the outward swing command continues, the system actively takes over the bucket wheel control, cuts off the manual output signal, and automatically adjusts the extension and contraction of the bucket wheel transverse cylinder in combination with the program algorithm to make it consistent with the theoretical extension and contraction of the bucket wheel transverse cylinder calculated by the extension and contraction of the boom transverse cylinder, ensuring that the bucket wheel remains parallel to the longitudinal direction of the line in real time, that is, ensuring that the excavation mechanism does not invade the adjacent line.

[0029] Figure 10In the figure, the input module 5 is used to collect the cylinder extension and contraction signal detected by the rope sensor; the main control module 6 is used to receive the signal collected by the input module 5, and after calculation, output the data to the output module 8 on the one hand, thereby controlling the extension and contraction of the cylinder, and to the display screen 7 on the other hand; the display screen 7 receives the data sent by the main control module 6 and displays it on the screen.

[0030] Figure 11 In the embodiment, the boom 10 is swung outwards to a certain position, the bucket wheel 11 is not retracted, and the bucket wheel 11 forms an angle with the vehicle body.

Claims

1. A method for automatically limiting the horizontal position of the excavation mechanism of a railway screening machine, characterized by: When the current working condition is selected as two-line operation, During the process of the boom (10) swinging outward from the first measuring point to n measuring points in sequence, while ensuring that the bucket wheel (11) is parallel to the line, the fixed value of the horizontal displacement distance of the boom and bucket wheel lateral cylinder and the excavation width at each measuring point are recorded to form a preset fixed value table; Input the current extension and contraction amount M of the boom detected by the boom displacement sensor, and input the current extension and contraction amount of the bucket wheel detected by the bucket wheel displacement sensor; When the bucket wheel is parallel to the track, calculate the target bucket wheel extension and retraction value and current excavation width corresponding to the current boom extension and retraction amount M. Compare the current boom extension and retraction amount M with the boom lateral cylinder lateral displacement distance in the fixed value table to obtain the interval of the current boom extension and retraction amount M as (A, B), where A is the mth measurement point, B is the m+1th measurement point, and 1≤m+1≤n. According to the preset fixed value table, the bucket wheel lateral cylinder lateral displacement distance interval is (C, D), and the excavation width interval is (E, F). Calculate the target bucket wheel extension and retraction value when the bucket wheel is parallel to the track as C+(MA)*(D-C) / (BA), and the current excavation width as E+(M-A)*(FE) / (BA). If the current bucket wheel extension and retraction amount does not reach the target bucket wheel extension and retraction amount, the bucket wheel lateral cylinder output is controlled until the target value is reached and the output stops; when the current excavation width reaches the width limit value set according to the on-site environment before the operation, the boom swing output is automatically stopped and an alarm is issued; The display screen shows the current excavation width corresponding to the current extension and retraction amount M of the boom, the width limit value set according to the on-site environment, and the alarm information.

2. A transverse automatic limit system for the excavation mechanism of a railway screening machine, characterized by: When the current working condition is selected as two-line operation, A preset module, in which the boom (10) is swung outward from the first measuring point to n measuring points in sequence, while ensuring that the bucket wheel (11) is parallel to the line, records the fixed value of the horizontal displacement distance of the boom and bucket wheel lateral cylinder and the excavation width at each measuring point to form a preset fixed value table; Input module, inputs the current extension and contraction amount M of the boom detected by the boom displacement sensor, and inputs the current extension and contraction amount of the bucket wheel detected by the bucket wheel displacement sensor; The calculation module calculates the bucket wheel extension target value and the current excavation width corresponding to the current boom extension M when the bucket wheel is parallel to the line. The current boom extension M is compared with the boom lateral cylinder lateral displacement distance in the fixed value table to obtain the interval of the current boom extension M as (A, B), where A is the mth measurement point and B is the m+1th measurement point, 1≤m+1≤n. According to the preset fixed value table, the bucket wheel lateral cylinder lateral displacement distance interval is (C, D), and the excavation width interval is (E, F). The bucket wheel extension target value when the bucket wheel is parallel to the line is calculated as C+(MA)*(D-C) / (BA), and the current excavation width is E+(M-A)*(FE) / (BA). The output module adjusts the bucket wheel traverse cylinder output according to the bucket wheel extension target value, and adjusts the boom swing output according to the current excavation width; The display module displays the current excavation width corresponding to the current extension and retraction amount M of the boom, the width limit value set according to the on-site environment, and the alarm information on the display screen; The output module includes The judgment module determines whether the current expansion and contraction of the bucket wheel reaches the target expansion and contraction value of the bucket wheel, and whether the previous excavation width reaches the width limit value set according to the on-site environment before the operation; The control module controls the bucket wheel lateral cylinder output if the current bucket wheel extension and retraction amount does not reach the bucket wheel extension and retraction target value, and stops outputting when the target value is reached. When the current excavation width reaches the width limit value set according to the on-site environment before the operation, the boom swing output is automatically stopped and an alarm message is issued.

3. The automatic lateral limiting system for the excavation mechanism of the railway screening machine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The input module is connected to a boom oil cylinder rope sensor (1) and a bucket wheel oil cylinder rope sensor (4), and the output module (8) is connected to a solenoid valve for controlling the movement of the boom lateral oil cylinder and a solenoid valve for controlling the movement of the bucket wheel lateral oil cylinder.

4. A transverse automatic limiter for the excavation mechanism of a railway screening machine, characterized by: It includes a sensor mounting bracket installed on each of the bucket wheel and the boom transverse cylinder, and a displacement sensor installed on each of the sensor mounting brackets, which is a rope-drawn sensor; it also includes an input module for collecting rope-drawn sensor signals, which is used to receive the signals collected by the input module, transmit the control signals to the output module after calculation, and control the main control module of the cylinder solenoid valve; it also includes a display screen for receiving the main control module signal and displaying the current excavation width, the width limit value set according to the on-site environment, alarm and other information.

5. The automatic transverse limiting device for the excavation mechanism of a railway screening machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sensor mounting frame is a clamp and a rope fixing plate (3); the clamp (2) includes two half rings and connecting ears connected to the ends of the two half rings, and bolts installed on the connecting ears at the ends of the two half rings form the two half rings that are surrounded by the cylinder into a whole. A mounting block (21) for the boom cylinder rope sensor (1) or the bucket wheel cylinder rope sensor (4) is provided on the half ring.

6. The automatic transverse limit device for the excavation mechanism of a railway screen cleaning machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pull rope sensor comprises a boom oil cylinder pull rope sensor (1) and a bucket wheel oil cylinder pull rope sensor (4); the boom oil cylinder pull rope sensor (1) is mounted above the cylinder barrel (202), a pull rope fixing plate (3) is mounted at the end of the piston rod (201), the pull rope end of the boom oil cylinder pull rope sensor (1) is fixed on the pull rope fixing plate (3), and the straight line where the pull rope of the boom oil cylinder pull rope sensor (1) is located is parallel to the piston rod axis of the boom transverse oil cylinder; The bucket wheel oil cylinder rope sensor is installed directly below the cylinder of the bucket wheel transverse oil cylinder (40) through a clamp. The piston rod end of the bucket wheel transverse oil cylinder (40) is equipped with a rope fixing plate. The rope end of the bucket wheel oil cylinder rope sensor is fixed on the rope fixing plate. The straight line where the rope of the bucket wheel oil cylinder rope sensor is located is parallel to the piston rod axis of the bucket wheel transverse oil cylinder (40).

7. A digging mechanism for a railway screening machine, characterized in that: The excavation mechanism can be automatically limited in the horizontal direction. The excavation mechanism includes a bucket wheel support bracket (112), a bucket wheel (11) arranged outside the bucket wheel support bracket (112), the bucket wheel support bracket (112) is connected to the vehicle body through the big arm (10), the upper end of the big arm (10) is hinged to the small arm (12), the small arm (12) is hinged to the bucket wheel support bracket (112), the lower end of the big arm (10) is hinged to the support (9), and the support (9) is hinged to the vehicle body. The support (9) is hinged to the piston rod (201) of the boom transverse oil cylinder (20) for pushing the boom (10) to swing via a crankshaft; the cylinder barrel (202) of the boom transverse oil cylinder is hinged to the boom cylinder mounting seat (206) on the vehicle frame; the bucket wheel transverse oil cylinder (40) for pushing the bucket wheel support bracket (112) to swing relative to the boom (10) is mounted on the bucket wheel support bracket (112) at one end and mounted on the forearm (12) at the other end; The excavation mechanism further comprises an auxiliary measuring device, the auxiliary measuring device comprising a boom displacement sensor for detecting the extension and contraction amount of the boom transverse oil cylinder (20), and a bucket wheel displacement sensor for detecting the extension and contraction amount of the bucket wheel transverse oil cylinder (40); the boom displacement sensor is a boom oil cylinder pull rope sensor (1), and the bucket wheel displacement sensor is a bucket wheel oil cylinder pull rope sensor (4); The boom oil cylinder rope sensor (1) is installed above the cylinder barrel (202), and a rope fixing plate (3) is installed at the end of the piston rod (201). The rope end of the boom oil cylinder rope sensor (1) is fixed on the rope fixing plate (3), and the straight line where the rope of the boom oil cylinder rope sensor (1) is located is parallel to the piston rod axis of the boom transverse oil cylinder; The installation method of the bucket wheel oil cylinder rope sensor is the same as the installation method of the boom oil cylinder rope sensor (1). The bucket wheel oil cylinder rope sensor is installed directly below the cylinder barrel of the bucket wheel transverse oil cylinder (40) through a clamp. The end of the piston rod of the bucket wheel transverse oil cylinder (40) is equipped with a rope fixing plate. The end of the rope of the bucket wheel oil cylinder rope sensor is fixed to the rope fixing plate. The straight line where the rope of the bucket wheel oil cylinder rope sensor is located is parallel to the axis of the piston rod of the bucket wheel transverse oil cylinder (40).

8. The excavation mechanism of the railway screen cleaning machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cylinder barrel of the bucket wheel transverse oil cylinder (40) is hinged to the bucket wheel oil cylinder mounting seat of the small arm (12), and the piston rod of the bucket wheel transverse oil cylinder (40) is hinged to the bucket wheel oil cylinder mounting seat on the bucket wheel support bracket (112).

9. The excavation mechanism of the railway screen cleaning machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The piston rod (201) of the boom transverse oil cylinder is hinged to the crankshaft mounted on the crankshaft mounting seat, and the cylinder barrel (202) of the boom transverse oil cylinder is hinged to the boom oil cylinder mounting seat on the vehicle body via the distribution shaft (203); the support (9) is hinged to the base on the vehicle body; The piston rod (201) of the boom transverse oil cylinder has an ear plate at its end, the ear plate is hinged to the connecting arm, a draw rope fixing plate (3) is mounted on the ear plate, and rope clamps are used to fix the draw ropes at both ends of the draw rope fixing plate (3).

10. The excavation mechanism of the railway screen cleaning machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The boom oil cylinder rope sensor (1) is mounted on the top of the cylinder barrel (202) via a clamp (2). The clamp (2) comprises two half rings and connecting ears connected to the ends of the two half rings. Bolts mounted on the connecting ears at the ends of the two half rings form the two half rings that are encircled outside the cylinder barrel into a whole. A mounting block (21) for the boom oil cylinder rope sensor (1) or the bucket wheel oil cylinder rope sensor (4) is provided on one half ring.

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