Spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil body and construction method of spiral anchor structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a spiral anchor structure suitable for a hard soil body and a construction method thereof.The foundation comprises a spiral anchor body and a soil body crushing structure, the bottom of the spiral anchor body is of a triangular plate and sleeve connecting structure, and the soil body crushing structure comprises a connector, an air supply pipe and a crushing hammer structure; the connector is connected with the spiral anchor body, the air supply pipe is connected with the connector, the outer diameter of the air supply pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner anchor pipe, the breaking hammer structure comprises a piston structure and a breaking head, first cutting teeth are arranged on the lower portion of the breaking head, and a nut matched with the inner bottom of the sleeve is arranged on the top of the breaking head. The piston structure is arranged in the air supply pipe and penetrates through the sleeve to be in threaded connection with the nut. The screwing direction of the piston rod and the nut is the same as the direction for driving the spiral anchor body to be screwed into soil. The spiral anchor structure is reasonable in structure and convenient to construct, the hardness of an anchor tip soil body can be reduced, stress concentration of the anchor tip soil body is damaged, and a spiral anchor can be conveniently and smoothly driven into the designed depth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of power transmission line foundations, and in particular provides a spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil and a construction method thereof, which is suitable for tower positions with hard soil that is difficult to drill into. Background Art

[0002] The spiral anchor is an innovative, environmentally friendly foundation consisting of an anchor pipe, anchor disc, and upper platform. It utilizes the resistance of deep soil layers to anchor the structure. Construction eliminates the need for excavation. By applying torque to the inner spiral anchor pipe, the spiral anchor disc is screwed deeper into the soil, minimally disturbing the soil and fully utilizing the inherent strength of the original soil, thereby increasing its bearing capacity. The spiral anchor is simple to manufacture, easy to install and construct, with fast drilling speeds and rapid realization of its bearing capacity. This significantly shortens construction schedules and reduces project costs. It also minimizes environmental damage, offers high bearing capacity, and minimizes deformation. It is crucial for addressing foundation construction challenges in geological environments such as quicksand and swamps.

[0003] The process of twisting a screw anchor into place essentially involves compacting the soil. The space required for the screw anchor to descend comes from the squeezing of the soil by the anchor rod. The most suitable application scenario for screw anchor foundations is soft soil and sandy soil with high groundwater levels and low soil density. However, their application in "sand desert" areas is somewhat limited. This is mainly because the on-site soil and gravel have a high cementation density and limited compressible space. Increasing mechanical power will lead to insufficient anchor rod strength. Increasing anchor rod strength requires increasing anchor rod size, which will require greater soil squeezing and, in turn, greater mechanical power, ultimately causing the construction screwing process to fall into an unbreakable cycle. In addition, simply increasing mechanical power and screw anchor strength has limited effect on increasing construction depth. After reaching a certain depth, the anchor pipe begins to idle. The friction between the screw anchor and the gravel soil will cause severe heat and deformation, further increasing the twisting resistance, while also increasing soil disturbance and reducing bearing capacity.

[0004] Therefore, proposing a new type of spiral anchor structure so that it can be smoothly driven into the designed depth in hard soil areas has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] On the one hand, the present invention provides a spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil, comprising: a spiral anchor body and a soil crushing structure, wherein the spiral anchor body comprises an inner anchor tube, an anchor plate, a triangular plate, a sleeve, a flange and an outer anchor tube, the anchor plates are multiple and fixed to the outer periphery of the inner anchor tube at intervals along the axial direction of the inner anchor tube, the triangular plates are multiple and connected to the bottom of the inner anchor tube at intervals, the sleeve is coaxially arranged with the inner anchor tube and the outer periphery is fixedly connected to the triangular plate, the flange is fixedly connected to the top end of the inner anchor tube, the diameter of the outer anchor tube is larger than the diameter of the inner anchor tube and is fixedly sleeved on the upper section of the inner anchor tube, the soil crushing structure comprises a connecting head, an air supply pipe and a breaker hammer structure, the connecting head is connected to the flange by bolts, the air supply pipe The outer diameter of the pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner anchor pipe, the top end of the air supply pipe is fixedly connected to the connecting head, and the bottom end of the air supply pipe extends into the inner bottom of the inner anchor pipe, and the breaker hammer structure includes a piston structure and a crushing head, and the piston structure is cooperated and installed at the lower end of the air supply pipe and an anti-deflection structure is provided between the two. The piston structure includes a piston head that cooperates with the air supply pipe and a piston rod connected to the lower end of the piston head, the free end of the piston rod passes through the casing, the lower part of the crushing head is provided with a first pick, the upper part of the crushing head is fixedly connected with a nut, the inner bottom of the casing is provided with a limiting groove that cooperates with the nut, the bottom end of the piston rod is threadedly connected to the nut, and the tightening direction of the piston rod and the nut is the same as the direction of driving the spiral anchor body into the soil.

[0007] Preferably, the inner anchor pipe and the outer anchor pipe are connected by four sections of threaded rods extending radially outward from the inner anchor pipe, wherein the four sections of threaded rods are arranged perpendicularly in pairs.

[0008] Further preferably, the outer anchor tube is provided with a transverse bolt long hole corresponding to the threaded rod, and the threaded rod passes through the transverse bolt long hole of the outer anchor tube and is fixed by a nut matched therewith.

[0009] Further preferably, there are four triangular plates connected to the bottom of the inner anchor pipe at equal intervals.

[0010] Further preferably, a second pick is fixedly connected to the outer end surface of the triangular plate.

[0011] Further preferably, the connecting head includes a top plate, an annular side plate and a circumferential bottom plate, wherein a power motor connecting seat is provided directly above the connecting head, and an air supply pipe connecting seat is provided directly below the connecting head for connecting to the top end of the air supply pipe, the annular side plate is connected to the lower end of the top plate and is circumferentially provided with slag discharge holes and air supply pipe branch matching holes, and the circumferential bottom plate is connected to the bottom of the annular side plate for connecting to the flange.

[0012] Further preferably, the anti-deflection structure is a groove and a ridge correspondingly arranged on the air supply pipe and the piston structure.

[0013] Further preferably, the included angle between the first pick and / or the second pick and the casing is 45-60 degrees.

[0014] The present invention also provides a construction method for a spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil, using the above-mentioned spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil. The construction method for the spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil comprises the following steps: S1: Fixed connection between the spiral anchor body and the soil crushing structure; S2: Installing a power motor on the connecting head of the soil crushing structure, using the power motor to screw the connecting head, thereby driving the inner anchor pipe downward until it reaches a preset burial depth. If the inner anchor pipe idles before reaching the designed burial depth, the power motor is turned off, the air outlet flange head of the air compressor is connected to the air inlet flange head of the air supply pipe, and the piston structure is controlled to reciprocate, thereby driving the crushing head to rise and fall, breaking the soil and releasing the soil stress. Afterwards, the connection between the air compressor and the air inlet pipe is disconnected, and the power motor is started to continue driving the inner anchor pipe downward; S3: After reaching the designed burial depth, the soil crushing structure is removed and the horizontal distance between the inner anchor pipe and the outer anchor pipe is adjusted. The method for removing the soil crushing structure is as follows: S31: Remove the bolts connecting the connector and the flange; S32: lifting the connecting head until the nut on the upper portion of the crushing head is engaged with the casing; S33: Rotate the connector in the reverse direction, thereby driving the air supply pipe and the piston structure to rotate synchronously and separating the piston structure from the nut; S34: Lifting the connector upwards, the upper portion of the soil crushing structure is completely separated from the spiral anchor body.

[0015] The spiral anchor structure provided by the present invention is suitable for hard soil and can reduce the hardness of the soil at the anchor tip through the soil crushing structure, thereby destroying the stress concentration of the soil at the anchor tip and allowing the spiral anchor to be smoothly driven into the designed depth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of the breaker hammer structure; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the connector and the flange; Figure 4 It is a top view of the triangular plate and the sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0018] In order to solve the problem that the existing spiral anchor cannot be smoothly lowered to the designed depth in hard soil areas, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil, comprising: a spiral anchor body and a soil crushing structure, wherein the spiral anchor body comprises an inner anchor tube 11, an anchor plate 12, a triangular plate 13, a sleeve 14, a flange 15 and an outer anchor tube 16, wherein the anchor plates 12 are multiple and fixed to the outer periphery of the inner anchor tube 11 at intervals along the axial direction of the inner anchor tube 11, the triangular plates 13 are multiple and connected to the bottom of the inner anchor tube 11 at intervals, and the sleeve 14 is connected to the inner anchor tube 16. 1 is coaxially arranged and its outer periphery is fixedly connected to the triangular plate 13, the flange 15 is fixedly connected to the top end of the inner anchor pipe 11, the diameter of the outer anchor pipe 16 is larger than the diameter of the inner anchor pipe 11 and is fixedly sleeved on the upper section of the inner anchor pipe 11, and the lower part of the outer anchor pipe is preferably provided with an anchor plate, the soil crushing structure includes a connecting head 21, an air supply pipe 22 and a breaker hammer structure, the connecting head 21 is connected to the flange 15 by bolts, the outer diameter of the air supply pipe 22 is smaller than the inner anchor pipe 11 The inner diameter of the air supply pipe 22 forms a slag discharge channel between the two. The top end of the air supply pipe 22 is fixedly connected to the connecting head 21. The bottom end of the air supply pipe 22 extends into the inner bottom of the inner anchor pipe 11. The breaker structure includes a piston structure 231 and a crushing head 232. The piston structure 231 is installed in conjunction with the lower end of the air supply pipe 22 and an anti-deflection structure is provided between the two. The piston structure 231 includes a piston head 2311 that cooperates with the air supply pipe 22 and a piston head 2311 connected to the lower end of the piston head 2311. The piston rod 2312, the free end of the piston rod 2312 passes through the casing 14, the lower part of the crushing head 232 is provided with a first cutting tooth 2321, the upper part of the crushing head 232 is fixedly connected with a nut 2322, the inner bottom of the casing 14 is provided with a limiting groove that cooperates with the nut 2322, the bottom end of the piston rod 2312 is threadedly connected to the nut 2322, and the tightening direction of the piston rod 2312 and the nut 2322 is the same as the direction of driving the spiral anchor body into the soil.

[0019] The invention relates to a spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil, comprising a spiral anchor body and a soil crushing structure, wherein the bottom of the spiral anchor body is a triangular plate splicing structure to form a large anchor tip, and in the soil crushing structure, a compressor connected to the air supply pipe can drive the breaker hammer structure to rise and fall back, thereby reducing the hardness of the soil at the anchor tip and destroying the stress concentration of the soil at the anchor tip, so that the spiral anchor can be smoothly driven into the designed depth, wherein the first cutting tooth on the crushing head forms a small anchor tip and can play a role of stirring the soil in the horizontal plane during the screwing-in process, and the first cutting tooth on the crushing head can play a role of stirring the soil in the vertical plane during the crushing process, the outer diameter of the air supply pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner anchor pipe, so that a slag discharge channel is formed between the air supply pipe and the inner anchor pipe, and the loosened soil of the crushing head can enter the slag discharge channel through the gap between the triangular plates, further reducing the screwing-in resistance, and when the designed depth is reached, the connecting head is removed from the flange, and the connecting head is lifted and rotated in the opposite direction to separate the piston rod from the crushing head, and the piston rod and the above parts in the soil crushing structure can be reused.

[0020] As an improvement of the technical solution, Figure 1 As shown, the inner anchor pipe 11 and the outer anchor pipe 16 are connected by four sections of threaded rods 17 extending radially outward from the inner anchor pipe 11 , wherein the four sections of threaded rods 17 are vertically arranged in pairs.

[0021] As an improvement to the technical solution, the outer anchor tube 16 is provided with a transverse bolt hole corresponding to the threaded rod 17. The threaded rod 17 passes through the transverse bolt hole of the outer anchor tube 16 and is fixed by a nut matching it. By adjusting the nut, the positions of the inner and outer anchor tubes can be adjusted.

[0022] As an improvement to the technical solution, there are four triangular plates 13 connected to the bottom of the inner anchor tube 11 at equal intervals.

[0023] As an improvement of the technical solution, Figure 1 As shown, the outer end surface of the triangular plate 13 is fixedly connected to a second pick 131 for stirring the soil to facilitate the screw anchor to be screwed into the soil.

[0024] As an improvement of the technical solution, Figure 3As shown, the connecting head 21 includes a top plate 211, an annular side plate 212 and a circumferential bottom plate 213, wherein a power motor connecting seat is provided directly above the connecting head 21, and an air supply pipe connecting seat is provided directly below the connecting head 21 for connecting to the top end of the air supply pipe 22, the annular side plate 212 is connected to the lower end of the top plate 211 and is circumferentially provided with slag discharge holes and air supply pipe branch pipe matching holes, the circumferential bottom plate 213 is connected to the bottom of the annular side plate 212 for connecting to the flange 15, wherein the upper side of the air supply pipe is connected to the branch pipe, and the branch pipe passes through the air supply pipe branch pipe matching hole for connecting to the compressor, wherein the compressor needs to be connected only when the anchor pipe is idling, thereby crushing the soil.

[0025] As an improvement to the technical solution, the anti-deflection structure is a groove and a ridge (not shown in the figure) corresponding to the air supply pipe 22 and the piston structure 231. The piston structure can be deflected by cooperating with the groove and the ridge. The ridge can be set on the piston head or connected to the piston rod through a connecting rod.

[0026] To facilitate entry into the soil, as an improvement to the technical solution, the angle between the first pick 2321 and / or the second pick 131 and the casing 14 is 45-60 degrees.

[0027] The present invention also provides a construction method for a spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil, using the above-mentioned spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil. The construction method for the spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil comprises the following steps: S1: Fixed connection between the spiral anchor body and the soil crushing structure; S2: Install the power motor on the connector 21 of the soil crushing structure, use the power motor to screw the connector 21, and then drive the inner anchor pipe 11 downward until it reaches the preset burial depth. If the inner anchor pipe 11 idles before reaching the designed burial depth, at this time, turn off the power motor, connect the air outlet flange head of the air compressor with the air inlet flange head of the air supply pipe 22, and control the reciprocating motion of the piston structure 231, thereby driving the crushing head 232 to move up and down, thereby breaking the soil and releasing the soil stress. After that, disconnect the air compressor from the air inlet pipe 22, start the power motor, and continue to drive the inner anchor pipe 11 downward; S3: After reaching the designed burial depth, the soil crushing structure is removed and the horizontal distance between the inner anchor pipe 11 and the outer anchor pipe 16 is adjusted. The method for removing the soil crushing structure is as follows: S31: Remove the bolts connecting the connector 21 and the flange 15; S32: Lift the connector 21 until the nut 2322 on the upper portion of the crushing head 232 is inserted into the sleeve 14; S33: Rotate the connector 21 in the reverse direction, thereby driving the air supply pipe 22 and the piston structure 231 to rotate synchronously and disengaging the piston structure 231 from the nut 2322; S34: Lifting the connector 21, the upper portion of the soil crushing structure is completely separated from the spiral anchor body, wherein the upper portion of the soil crushing structure (the piston rod and the portion above) can be reused.

[0028] The detailed description of the present invention is written in a progressive manner, emphasizing the differences between the various implementation schemes, and similar parts thereof can be referenced to each other.

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil, characterized in that: include: A spiral anchor body and a soil crushing structure, wherein the spiral anchor body comprises an inner anchor pipe (11), an anchor plate (12), a triangular plate (13), a sleeve (14), a flange (15) and an outer anchor pipe (16), wherein the anchor plates (12) are multiple and fixed to the outer periphery of the inner anchor pipe (11) at intervals along the axial direction of the inner anchor pipe (11), the triangular plates (13) are multiple and connected to the bottom of the inner anchor pipe (11) at intervals, and the sleeve (14) is coaxially arranged with the inner anchor pipe (11) and its outer periphery is aligned with the triangular plate (13) is fixedly connected, the flange (15) is fixedly connected to the top end of the inner anchor pipe (11), the diameter of the outer anchor pipe (16) is larger than the diameter of the inner anchor pipe (11) and is fixedly sleeved on the upper section of the inner anchor pipe (11), the soil crushing structure includes a connector (21), an air supply pipe (22) and a crushing hammer structure, the connector (21) is connected to the flange (15) by bolts, the outer diameter of the air supply pipe (22) is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner anchor pipe (11), and the top end of the air supply pipe (22) is connected to the soil crushing structure. The connecting head (21) is fixedly connected, the bottom end of the air supply pipe (22) extends into the inner bottom of the inner anchor pipe (11), the breaker hammer structure includes a piston structure (231) and a breaker head (232), the piston structure (231) is mounted on the lower end of the air supply pipe (22) and an anti-deflection structure is provided between the two, the piston structure (231) includes a piston head (2311) matched with the air supply pipe (22) and a piston rod (2312) connected to the lower end of the piston head (2311), the piston rod ( The free end of the piston rod (2312) passes through the sleeve (14), the lower part of the crushing head (232) is provided with a first cutting tooth (2321), the upper part of the crushing head (232) is fixedly connected with a nut (2322), the inner bottom of the sleeve (14) is provided with a limiting groove that cooperates with the nut (2322), the bottom end of the piston rod (2312) is threadedly connected to the nut (2322), and the tightening direction of the piston rod (2312) and the nut (2322) is the same as the direction of driving the spiral anchor body into the soil.

2. The spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner anchor pipe (11) and the outer anchor pipe (16) are connected via four sections of threaded rods (17) extending radially outward from the inner anchor pipe (11), wherein the four sections of threaded rods (17) are arranged vertically in pairs.

3. The spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer anchor tube (16) is provided with a transverse bolt long hole corresponding to the threaded rod (17), and the threaded rod (17) passes through the transverse bolt long hole of the outer anchor tube (16) and is fixed by a nut matched therewith.

4. The spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four triangular plates (13) connected to the bottom of the inner anchor pipe (11) at equal intervals.

5. The spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end surface of the triangular plate (13) is fixedly connected to a second pick (131).

6. The spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector (21) includes a top plate (211), an annular side plate (212) and a circumferential bottom plate (213), wherein a power motor connection seat is provided directly above the connector (21), and an air supply pipe connection seat is provided directly below the connector (21) for connecting to the top end of the air supply pipe (22). The annular side plate (212) is connected to the lower end of the top plate (211) and is circumferentially provided with slag discharge holes and air supply pipe branch matching holes. The circumferential bottom plate (213) is connected to the bottom of the annular side plate (212) for connecting to the flange (15).

7. The spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-deflection structure is a groove and a ridge correspondingly arranged on the air supply pipe (22) and the piston structure (231).

8. The spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The included angle between the first pick (2321) and / or the second pick (131) and the sleeve (14) is 45-60 degrees.

9. A construction method for a spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil, characterized by: The spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used, and the construction method of the spiral anchor structure suitable for hard soil comprises the following steps: S1: Fixed connection between the spiral anchor body and the soil crushing structure; S2: Installing a power motor on the connecting head (21) of the soil crushing structure, using the power motor to screw the connecting head (21), thereby driving the inner anchor pipe (11) downward until it reaches a preset burial depth, wherein, if the inner anchor pipe (11) idles before reaching the designed burial depth, at this time, turning off the power motor, connecting the air outlet flange head of the air compressor with the air inlet flange head of the air supply pipe (22), and controlling the reciprocating motion of the piston structure (231), thereby driving the crushing head (232) to rise and fall, achieving soil breaking and releasing soil stress, and then disconnecting the air compressor from the air inlet pipe (22), starting the power motor, and continuing to drive the inner anchor pipe (11) downward; S3: After reaching the designed burial depth, the soil crushing structure is removed and the horizontal spacing between the inner anchor pipe (11) and the outer anchor pipe (16) is adjusted, wherein the method for removing the soil crushing structure is as follows: S31: Remove the bolts connecting the connector (21) and the flange (15); S32: Lift the connecting head (21) until the nut (2322) on the upper part of the crushing head (232) is inserted into the sleeve (14); S33: Rotate the connector (21) in the reverse direction, thereby driving the air supply pipe (22) and the piston structure (231) to rotate synchronously and causing the piston structure (231) to disengage from the nut (2322); S34: lifting the connecting head (21) to completely separate the upper portion of the soil crushing structure from the spiral anchor body.

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