Bottom laying device for TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) and TBM

Abstract

The invention relates to a TBM tunneling machine and a bottom laying device for the TBM tunneling machine, the TBM tunneling machine is provided with a trolley, the bottom laying device comprises a support, a paving mechanism and a driving mechanism, the support comprises a support body connected with the trolley, and a first connecting frame and a second connecting frame which are arranged on the two opposite sides of the bottom of the support body respectively; the paving mechanism is movably arranged between the first connecting frame and the second connecting frame in the first direction, the paving mechanism comprises a first paving frame and a second paving frame which are located on the two opposite sides of the bottom paving device, and the first paving frame and the second paving frame both extend in the second direction; the first direction intersects with the second direction, the first paving frame and the second paving frame are used for leveling materials falling into the roadway bottom arch in the first direction, the bottom arch bottom paving function of filling while digging is achieved, the digging efficiency is improved, the secondary lining cost is reduced, and the labor cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel boring machines, and in particular to a bottom laying device for a TBM tunnel boring machine and a TBM tunnel boring machine. Background Art

[0002] A TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) for hard rock tunneling is a full-face rock tunneling machine used in mining. It utilizes the cutters on a rotating cutterhead to crush and shear rock, and is used for tunneling hard rock tunnels in mines. Existing full-face rock tunneling machines are unable to perform post-discharge paving. The waste rock cut by existing rock tunneling machines is transported to the outside of the tunnel along with the slag discharge system. To achieve this, the TBM can only be used to form a circular cross-section and then perform a secondary lining spraying of concrete on the bottom arch. This is not possible with automatic paving of the bottom arch as the tunnel is excavated and filled. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a bottom laying device for a TBM tunneling machine and TBM tunneling, thereby solving or at least alleviating one or more of the above-mentioned problems and other problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the aforementioned objectives, a first aspect of the present invention provides a bottom paving device for a TBM tunneling machine, wherein the TBM tunneling machine has a trolley, and the bottom paving device comprises: A bracket, comprising a bracket body connected to the trolley, and a first connecting frame and a second connecting frame respectively provided on opposite sides of a bottom of the bracket body; a paving mechanism, the paving mechanism being movably arranged between the first connecting frame and the second connecting frame along a first direction, the paving mechanism comprising a first paving frame and a second paving frame located on opposite sides of the bottom paving device, the first paving frame and the second paving frame both extending along the second direction; The first direction and the second direction intersect, and the first paving frame and the second paving frame are used to level the materials that fall into the bottom arch of the tunnel along the first direction; The bottom laying device further comprises a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the paving mechanism to move along the first direction.

[0005] In the aforementioned bottom laying device for a TBM tunneling machine, optionally, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0006] Optionally, the first direction is the left-right direction of the tunnel boring machine; the second direction is the front-back direction of the tunnel boring machine.

[0007] In the aforementioned paving device for a TBM tunnel boring machine, optionally, a slide groove extending along the first direction is provided at a position corresponding to the first paving frame or the second paving frame on the first connecting frame and the second connecting frame, and first rollers are provided at both ends of the first paving frame, and second rollers are provided at both ends of the second paving frame, and each of the first rollers and each of the second rollers are respectively rolled in the slide groove along the length direction of the slide groove on the corresponding side.

[0008] In the aforementioned TBM roadheader paving device, optionally, the first paving frame and the second paving frame are sequentially spaced along the length direction of the first connecting frame or the second connecting frame, and the paving mechanism further includes a plurality of connecting rods connected between the first paving frame and the second paving frame; The driving mechanisms are respectively arranged on both sides of the bracket corresponding to the first connecting frame and the second connecting frame, one end of the driving mechanism on one side is rotatably connected to the first connecting frame or the second connecting frame, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first paving frame or the second paving frame; one end of the driving mechanism on the other side is rotatably connected to the second connecting frame or the first connecting frame, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first paving frame or the second paving frame.

[0009] Optionally, the driving mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, and the driving mechanism on each side is respectively connected to the end of the first connecting frame or the second connecting frame, the first paving frame is arranged close to the rotation connection between the driving mechanism and the first connecting frame or the second connecting frame, and the second paving frame is arranged away from the rotation connection between the driving mechanism and the first connecting frame or the second connecting frame, and the driving mechanism on each side is also respectively connected to the second paving frame in rotation.

[0010] In the aforementioned bottom-laying device for TBM tunneling machine, optionally, the side parts of the bracket body are respectively connected to the trolley, and the bottom-laying device also includes an angle adjustment mechanism located on opposite sides of the bottom-laying device, and the angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the inclination angle of the bracket and the horizontal plane, and the side part of the bracket body away from the trolley is rotatably connected to one end of the angle adjustment mechanism on each side, and the other end of the angle adjustment mechanism on each side is used to be rotatably connected to the trolley.

[0011] Optionally, the first connecting frame is arranged close to the trolley, and the second connecting frame is arranged away from the trolley, and the first connecting frame is used to level the materials that fall into the bottom arch of the tunnel along the second direction.

[0012] Optionally, the angle adjustment mechanism includes a screw sleeve, the inner wall of the screw sleeve is provided with an internal thread, and the angle adjustment mechanism also includes a first screw and a second screw threadedly connected in the screw sleeve, one end of the first screw is threadedly connected to one end of the screw sleeve, one end of the second screw is threadedly connected to the other end of the screw sleeve, the other end of the first screw is rotatably connected to the trolley, and the other end of the second screw is rotatably connected to the bracket body.

[0013] In order to achieve the aforementioned objectives, a second aspect of the present invention provides a TBM tunneling machine, comprising a trolley and the aforementioned bottom-laying device for the TBM tunneling machine, wherein the bottom-laying device is connected to the trolley.

[0014] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The bottom paving device for a TBM tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention drives the paving mechanism to move along the first direction on the bracket through a driving mechanism, so that the first paving frame and the second paving frame move along the first direction, and then the material dropped into the bottom arch of the tunnel is leveled along the first direction, realizing the bottom arch paving function of excavation and filling, improving the excavation efficiency, reducing the secondary lining cost, and reducing labor costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The disclosure of the present invention will become more apparent with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 1~Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a bottom laying device for a hard rock tunnel boring machine (TBM) for mining according to one embodiment of the present invention from different perspectives; Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of an angle adjustment mechanism for a bottom laying device of a TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine for mining according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first paving frame of a bottom paving device for a TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine for mining according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a second paving frame of a bottom paving device for a TBM hard rock tunnel boring machine for mining according to an embodiment of the present invention; In the picture: 1. Angle adjustment mechanism; 10. Screw sleeve; 11. First screw; 12. Second screw; 13. Adjustment handle; 14. Third connecting seat; 15. Fourth connecting seat; 16. Second rotating shaft; 17. Fifth connecting seat; 18. Third rotating shaft; 2. Bracket; 20. Bracket body; 21. First connecting frame; 22. Second connecting frame; 23. Slide; 24. First connecting seat; 25. Second connecting seat; 26. First rotating shaft; 27. Sixth connecting seat; 3. Paving mechanism; 30. First paving frame; 31. Second paving frame; 33. Connecting rod; 34. First roller; 35. Second roller; 4. Driving mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] With reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, the structure, composition, characteristics and advantages of the TBM roadheader sub-laying device of the present invention will be described below in an exemplary manner. However, all descriptions should not be used to form any limitation on the present invention.

[0018] In addition, for any single technical feature described or implied in the embodiments submitted in this document, or any single technical feature shown or implied in the drawings, the present invention still operates in any combination or deletion between these technical features or their equivalents without any technical obstacles, and thus it should be considered that these more embodiments according to the present invention are also within the scope of the description in this document.

[0019] In this application, "front" refers to the direction of travel of the roadheader, and "rear" refers to the opposite direction. For example, the "front" of a component faces the direction of travel relative to its "rear." "Left" and "right" are defined from the perspective of an observer inside the roadheader, facing the direction of travel.

[0020] Figure 1~Figure 2 The present invention shows a schematic structural diagram of a bottom-laying device for a TBM tunnel boring machine under different viewing angles according to an embodiment of the present invention. The bottom-laying device can be used for laying the bottom arch of a tunnel of a hard rock tunnel boring machine used in mining. After the main engine of the TBM tunnel boring machine excavates and constructs a circular cross-section tunnel, the material is unloaded to the tunnel bottom arch through a belt conveyor, and then the material in the tunnel bottom arch is leveled by the bottom-laying device to achieve the function of laying the bottom arch of the tunnel. This can greatly improve the excavation efficiency, reduce the secondary lining cost, reduce labor costs, and improve efficiency.

[0021] The TBM tunnel boring machine has a trolley, which is a trolley with a compacting function. The bottom laying device is connected to the front end of the trolley with a compacting function. For example, the rear end of the trolley is connected to a pressure wheel. The material in the bottom arch of the tunnel is leveled by the bottom laying device and then compacted by the pressure wheel. The bottom arch laying and compacting functions are automatically realized while excavating and filling. The trolley is not shown in the figure of this embodiment.

[0022] As can be seen from the figure, the bottom laying device includes a bracket 2, which is connected to the front end of the trolley, and the bracket 2 includes a bracket body 21 connected to the trolley, and a first connecting frame 21 and a second connecting frame 22 respectively arranged on opposite sides of the bottom of the bracket body 21. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first connecting frame 21 and the second connecting frame 22 are both extended along the first direction. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first direction is the left and right direction of the tunnel boring machine, and the second direction is the front and back direction of the tunnel boring machine.

[0023] The first connecting frame 21 and the second connecting frame 22 are arranged in sequence along the front and rear direction of the tunnel boring machine, and the first connecting frame 21 is located behind the second connecting frame 22, that is, the first connecting frame 21 is arranged close to the trolley, and the second connecting frame 22 is arranged away from the trolley.

[0024] In some embodiments, both sides of the rear end of the bracket body 21 are rotatably connected to the front end of the trolley, such as the two sides of the rear end of the bracket body 21 are respectively fixedly connected with the first connecting seat 24, and the two sides of the front end of the trolley are respectively fixedly connected with the second connecting seat 25. The first connecting seat 24 and the second connecting seat 25 are rotatably connected through the first rotating shaft 26, and the axis of the first rotating shaft 26 extends along the left and right directions of the tunnel boring machine.

[0025] The bracket body 21 is also rotatably connected to the front end of the trolley through the angle adjustment mechanism 1 on the opposite sides. The angle adjustment mechanism 1 is located on the left and right sides of the tunnel boring machine. The length of the angle adjustment mechanism 1 is adjustable to adjust the inclination angle of the bracket 2 in the horizontal plane, so that the tunnel boring machine can adjust the pitch angle of the bottom paving device when excavating in the up and down directions. At the same time, it can also give the bracket 2 a certain downward pressure force, which helps to improve the leveling effect.

[0026] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The angle adjustment mechanism 1 includes a screw sleeve 10 having an internal thread on its inner wall. The angle adjustment mechanism 1 also includes a first screw rod 11 and a second screw rod 12 threadedly connected to the screw sleeve 10. One end of the first screw rod 11 is threadedly connected to one end of the screw sleeve 10, and one end of the second screw rod 12 is threadedly connected to the other end of the screw sleeve 10. By rotating the screw sleeve 10 to adjust its connection position with the first screw rod 11 and the second screw rod 12, the length of the angle adjustment mechanism is adjusted, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the bracket 2 with respect to the horizontal plane. For ease of operation, a plurality of adjustment handles 13 are provided on the outer side of the screw sleeve 10 at intervals along the circumference of the screw sleeve 10.

[0027] See also Figure 2 The other end of the first screw rod 11 is rotatably connected to the trolley, and the other end of the second screw rod 12 is rotatably connected to the bracket body 20.

[0028] For example, in some embodiments, the other end of the first screw 11 is fixedly connected to the third connecting seat 14, and the fourth connecting seat 15 is fixedly connected to the trolley. The third connecting seat 14 and the fourth connecting seat 15 are rotatably connected through the second rotating shaft 16. The axis of the second rotating shaft 16 extends along the left and right directions of the tunnel boring machine, and the second rotating shaft 16 is located above the first rotating shaft 26.

[0029] The other end of the second screw 12 is fixedly connected to the fifth connecting seat 17, and the front end of the bracket body 20 is fixedly connected to the sixth connecting seat 27. The fifth connecting seat 17 and the sixth connecting seat 27 are rotatably connected through the third rotating shaft 18. The axis of the third rotating shaft 18 extends along the left and right directions of the tunnel boring machine, and the third rotating shaft 18 is located in front of the first rotating shaft 26.

[0030] During the TBM excavation construction process, if the TBM needs to switch from horizontal construction to upward construction, the length of the angle adjustment mechanism 1 is shortened by rotating the screw sleeve 10, and the front end of the bracket 2 is lifted up to a certain height so that the bottom laying device can adapt to the leveling work of the bottom arch of the tunnel excavated upward; if the TBM needs to switch from horizontal construction to downward construction, the length of the angle adjustment mechanism 1 is lengthened by rotating the screw sleeve 10, and the front end of the bracket 2 is pressed downward to lower a certain height so that the bottom laying device can adapt to the leveling work of the bottom arch of the tunnel excavated downward.

[0031] See also Figures 1 to 2 The floor-laying device further includes a leveling mechanism 3 and drive mechanisms 4 located at the front and rear ends of the floor-laying device. Drive mechanisms 4 are hydraulic cylinders (also known as oil cylinders) configured to drive the leveling mechanism 3 to move along a first direction on the support 2. The leveling mechanism 3 is configured to level the material that has fallen into the tunnel floor arch along the first direction. In other embodiments, the drive mechanisms 4 may also be pneumatic cylinders or other types of drive mechanisms.

[0032] The paving mechanism 3 is movably arranged along the first direction between the first connecting frame 21 and the second connecting frame 22. The paving mechanism 3 includes a first paving frame 30 and a second paving frame 31 located on the left and right sides of the paving device. The first paving frame 30 and the second paving frame 31 are both extended along the second direction, that is, the first paving frame 30 and the second paving frame 31 are both extended along the front-back direction of the roadheader. When the paving mechanism 3 moves along the first direction, the first paving frame 30 and the second paving frame 31 flatten the material that falls into the tunnel bottom arch along the first direction. The paving mechanism 3 also includes a plurality of connecting rods 33 connected between the first paving frame 30 and the second paving frame 31.

[0033] In some optional embodiments, the first connecting frame 21 and the second connecting frame 22 are provided with a slide groove 23 extending along the first direction at a position corresponding to the first paving frame 30 or the second paving frame 31, see Figures 4 and 5The front and rear ends of the first paving frame 30 are respectively provided with first rollers 34, and the front and rear ends of the second paving frame 31 are respectively provided with second rollers 35. Each first roller 34 and each second roller 35 are respectively rolled in the slide groove 23 along the length direction of the corresponding side slide groove 23 to reduce the friction between the paving mechanism and the first connecting frame 21 and the second connecting frame 22 during the activity of the paving mechanism, so that the activity of the paving mechanism is smoother.

[0034] Then by Figure 2 It can be seen that the first paving frame 30 and the second paving frame 31 are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the first connecting frame 21 or the second connecting frame 22. One end of the driving mechanism 4 on one side is rotationally connected to the end of the first connecting frame 21 through the fourth rotating shaft, and the other end is rotationally connected to one end of the second paving frame 30 through the fifth rotating shaft. One end of the driving mechanism 4 on the other side is rotationally connected to the end of the second connecting frame 22 through the sixth rotating shaft, and the other end is rotationally connected to the other end of the second paving frame 30 through the seventh rotating shaft. The axis lines of the fourth rotating shaft, the fifth rotating shaft, the sixth rotating shaft and the seventh rotating shaft extend along the second direction respectively, and the first paving frame 30 is arranged close to the rotation connection between the driving mechanism and the first connecting frame or the second connecting frame (the fourth rotating shaft or the sixth rotating shaft), and the second paving frame 31 is arranged away from the fourth rotating shaft or the sixth rotating shaft. In this way, the size of the bracket in the paving device can be reduced.

[0035] The working principle of the bottom laying device provided by the above embodiment is as follows: The bottom paving device is connected to the front end of the trolley through the second connecting seat 25 and the fourth connecting seat 15. A discharge hopper is arranged above the bottom paving device. The materials in the excavation construction process of the tunnel boring machine are transported to the discharge hopper via a belt conveyor, and are discharged into the tunnel bottom arch below the bottom paving device through the discharge hopper. The control driving mechanism 4 drives the second paving frame 31 to move left and right, and drives the first paving frame 30 to move left and right, so as to level the materials in the tunnel bottom arch along the left and right directions of the tunnel boring machine. At the same time, during the excavation process of the tunnel boring machine, the trolley moves forward and pushes the bottom paving device forward, so that the materials in the tunnel bottom arch are leveled under the action of the first connecting frame 21, and finally the bottom paving function of the tunnel bottom arch is realized, which greatly improves the excavation efficiency. There is no need for secondary lining spraying concrete to achieve bottom paving, which reduces labor costs and improves tunnel construction efficiency.

[0036] In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal connection between two components. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] The above implementation methods are only used to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of patent protection of the embodiments of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A bottom laying device for a TBM, wherein the TBM has a trolley, characterized in that: The bottom laying device comprises: A bracket, comprising a bracket body connected to the trolley, and a first connecting frame and a second connecting frame respectively provided on opposite sides of a bottom of the bracket body; a paving mechanism, the paving mechanism being movably arranged between the first connecting frame and the second connecting frame along a first direction, the paving mechanism comprising a first paving frame and a second paving frame located on opposite sides of the bottom paving device, the first paving frame and the second paving frame both extending along the second direction; The first direction and the second direction intersect, and the first paving frame and the second paving frame are used to level the materials that fall into the bottom arch of the tunnel along the first direction; The bottom laying device further comprises a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the paving mechanism to move along the first direction.

2. The bottom laying device for TBM according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

3. The bottom laying device for TBM according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first direction is the left-right direction of the tunnel boring machine; and / or, The second direction is the front-rear direction of the tunnel boring machine.

4. The bottom laying device for TBM according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slide groove extending along the first direction is provided on the first connecting frame and the second connecting frame at a position corresponding to the first paving frame or the second paving frame, and first rollers are provided at both ends of the first paving frame, and second rollers are provided at both ends of the second paving frame. Each of the first rollers and each of the second rollers are respectively rolled in the slide groove along the length direction of the corresponding side.

5. The bottom laying device for TBM according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first paving frame and the second paving frame are sequentially spaced along the length direction of the first connecting frame or the second connecting frame; The paving mechanism further comprises a plurality of connecting rods connected between the first paving frame and the second paving frame; The driving mechanisms are respectively arranged on both sides of the bracket corresponding to the first connecting frame and the second connecting frame, one end of the driving mechanism on one side is rotatably connected to the first connecting frame or the second connecting frame, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first paving frame or the second paving frame; one end of the driving mechanism on the other side is rotatably connected to the second connecting frame or the first connecting frame, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first paving frame or the second paving frame.

6. The bottom laying device for TBM according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, and the driving mechanism on each side is respectively connected to the end of the first connecting frame or the second connecting frame. The first paving frame is arranged close to the rotation connection between the driving mechanism and the first connecting frame or the second connecting frame, and the second paving frame is arranged away from the rotation connection between the driving mechanism and the first connecting frame or the second connecting frame. The driving mechanism on each side is also respectively connected to the second paving frame in rotation.

7. The bottom laying device for a TBM according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The sides of the bracket body are respectively connected to the trolley, and the bottom laying device also includes an angle adjustment mechanism located on opposite sides of the bottom laying device, and the angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the inclination angle of the bracket and the horizontal plane. The side of the bracket body away from the trolley is rotatably connected to one end of the angle adjustment mechanism on each side, and the other end of the angle adjustment mechanism on each side is used to be rotatably connected to the trolley.

8. The bottom laying device for a TBM tunnel boring machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first connecting frame is arranged close to the trolley, and the second connecting frame is arranged away from the trolley. The first connecting frame is used to level the materials that fall into the bottom arch of the tunnel along the second direction.

9. The bottom laying device for a TBM tunnel boring machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The angle adjustment mechanism includes a screw sleeve, the inner wall of the screw sleeve is provided with an internal thread, and the angle adjustment mechanism also includes a first screw and a second screw threadedly connected in the screw sleeve, one end of the first screw is threadedly connected to one end of the screw sleeve, one end of the second screw is threadedly connected to the other end of the screw sleeve, the other end of the first screw is rotatably connected to the trolley, and the other end of the second screw is rotatably connected to the bracket body.

10. A TBM, comprising a trolley, characterized in that: The TBM tunnel boring machine further comprises a bottom laying device for a TBM tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the bottom laying device is connected to the trolley.

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