Miniature photovoltaic and wind power integrated power generation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a miniature photovoltaic and wind power integrated power generation device which comprises a storage battery and a power generator, the power generator is installed on the storage battery and electrically connected with the storage battery through a power line, the power generator is provided with a power generator shaft connected with a machine core, the power generator shaft is longitudinally arranged, and the power generator shaft is connected with the machine core. A rotating mechanism is installed on the generator shaft, the rotating mechanism comprises an installation disc and a plurality of fan blades, the fan blades are of a central symmetry structure and are rotatably installed on the edge of the installation disc, the center of the installation disc is fixed to the generator shaft through a fixator, and a plurality of rows of oval screw holes with inclined inner walls are formed in the fan blades. The device is compact in structure, wind and light are coordinated, adaptability is high, the power generation device can operate in the breeze environment, and the problems that in the prior art, power generation efficiency is low, agricultural light conflicts are serious, the structure is complex, and cost is high are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of renewable energy, and in particular to a micro photovoltaic and wind power integrated power generation device. Background Art

[0002] Solar and wind energy, as clean, renewable forms of energy, have garnered widespread attention. Especially in rural areas and on vast farmlands, fully utilizing the above-ground space for energy development without disrupting crop growth has become a key research topic in "agri-solar complementarity."

[0003] Existing agri-photovoltaic systems primarily utilize fixed or tracking photovoltaic panels installed above farmland. However, these structures are often large, create significant shading, and interfere with agricultural production. Traditional wind turbines, on the other hand, typically rely on large horizontal-axis wind turbines or vertical-axis turbines. These are not only complex in structure and require high wind speeds, making them ineffective in light or low wind conditions, but also require extensive geographic areas for installation, resulting in inefficient energy capture and inefficient land use.

[0004] In addition, in some areas, there are problems with grid access difficulties and weak power supply security capabilities. There is an urgent need for a low-power, adaptive, and flexible distributed power generation device to meet the actual needs of agricultural production and rural electricity consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and propose a micro photovoltaic and wind power integrated power generation device with a compact structure, wind-solar synergy, strong adaptability, and the ability to operate in a breeze environment, so as to overcome the problems of low power generation efficiency, serious agricultural-solar conflict, complex structure, and high cost in the existing technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solutions specifically adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0007] A micro photovoltaic and wind power integrated power generation device includes a battery and a generator. The generator is installed on the battery and is also electrically connected to the battery through a power cord. The generator is provided with a generator shaft connected to the movement, the generator shaft is arranged longitudinally, and a rotating mechanism is installed on the generator shaft. The rotating mechanism includes a mounting disk and a plurality of fan blades. The plurality of fan blades are centrally symmetrically structured and can be rotatably mounted on the edge of the mounting disk. The center of the mounting disk is fixed to the generator shaft by a fixer. The fan blades are provided with a plurality of rows of elliptical screw holes with inclined inner walls.

[0008] Preferably, an angle adjustment device is provided on the mounting plate corresponding to the fan blade, and the angle adjustment device is connected to the top of the fan blade.

[0009] Preferably, the angle adjustment mechanism includes a mounting bracket, a cylinder, a short connecting rod and a movable bracket. The mounting bracket is fixed to the surface of the mounting plate, the bottom of the cylinder is hinged to the mounting bracket, the output end of the cylinder is hinged to one end of the short connecting rod through a hinge, the movable bracket is installed along the edge of the mounting plate, and a fan blade bracket that cooperates with the movable bracket is provided at the top center of the fan blade. The top side center of the fan blade is hinged to the other end of the short connecting rod through another hinge.

[0010] Preferably, a wind speed sensor is provided on the mounting plate, and a PID controller for controlling the operation of the cylinder is provided below the mounting plate, and the PID controller is connected to the wind speed sensor signal.

[0011] Preferably, the fan blades are arc-shaped.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of photovoltaic panels are attached to the surface of the fan blades.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the fan blade has a wavy structure.

[0014] Preferably, the photovoltaic panel is a flexible perovskite photovoltaic panel.

[0015] Preferably, the generator shaft is provided with several sockets of different heights from top to bottom, the fixer is an annular bearing structure, and the fixer is provided with through holes corresponding to the sockets. After the through holes correspond to the sockets of the generator shaft, the mounting plate is fixed to the generator shaft by a pin.

[0016] The present invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:

[0017] Breeze start, compact structure, vertical axis + two rows of 35° oblique elliptical screw holes, the airflow through the holes forms turbulence and shear torque, and it can start automatically at 2m / s; the whole machine height is ≤1.5m, and the floor space is <0.5m 2 It can be directly deployed between ridges without affecting the passage of agricultural machinery and crop lighting, completely solving the "agriculture-light conflict" of the traditional system.

[0018] Wind and solar are integrated, and the area is doubled. The outer arc of the curved fan blade is attached with a flexible perovskite photovoltaic panel. The blade serves as both a wind-catching surface and a power generation surface. The unit column realizes dual energy collection of wind and light, and the power density is increased by more than 40%. The weight of the flexible battery is <100g / m 2 , the effect on blade inertia can be ignored.

[0019] The intelligent angle adjustment and full-area high-efficiency dome integrates a wind speed sensor to detect wind speed in real time; the PID+ dynamic differential algorithm drives the pneumatic telescopic rod, which can achieve arbitrary adjustment at multiple angles.

[0020] The height of the plug is adjustable, and the generator shaft is plugged and played. Multiple sets of sockets are reserved. The fixer can quickly adjust the fan blade height within a wide range through the plug to adapt to different crop growth periods. The whole machine is light in weight and meets the continuous power supply needs of distributed, low-power, and off-grid areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a micro photovoltaic and wind power integrated power generation device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection structure of the middle fan blade.

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle fan blade.

[0024] Figure 4 The wind speed and wind force diagram at different angles of the elliptical hole shows that the increase in wind speed has different effects on the wind force of the fan blades. It can be concluded that the greater the wind force is, the higher the wind speed is at 35°.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a comparison diagram of wind force directions at different angles of the elliptical hole. The wind force decomposition directions at different angles are different. It can be seen that the horizontal driving force at 35° is the largest, which is conducive to rotation.

[0026] Figure 6 The wind streamlines and wind force superposition analysis diagrams at different angles of the elliptical hole show the influence of flow and force. The wind streamlines at 35° are obviously disturbed, the flow diversion is obvious, and the wind pressure is the largest and the driving force is the strongest.

[0027] Reference numerals:

[0028] 1-generator shaft, 2-wind speed sensor, 3-fan blade, 4-generator, 5-battery, 6-fixture, 7-mounting plate, 8-mounting bracket, 9-cylinder, 10-short connecting rod, 11-fan blade bracket, 12-movable bracket, 13-elliptical screw hole, 14-photovoltaic panel, 15-pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0030] A micro photovoltaic and wind power integrated power generation device, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes a battery 5 and a generator 4. The generator 4 is installed on the battery 5 and is also electrically connected to the battery 5 through a power line. The generator 4 is provided with a generator shaft 1 connected to the movement.

[0031] In this embodiment, the generator shaft 1 is arranged longitudinally, and a rotating mechanism is installed on the generator shaft 1. The rotating mechanism rotates under the action of wind, thereby driving the generator shaft 1 to rotate, thereby realizing wind power generation.

[0032] It should be noted that the generator shaft is set longitudinally, and the vertical axis layout eliminates the need for a yaw mechanism when the wind direction changes, allowing 360° wind exposure, simplifying the structure and reducing maintenance; the longitudinal arrangement facilitates the superposition of fan blades and photovoltaic panels on the same axis, achieving highly intensive space utilization.

[0033] A further configuration of this embodiment is that the rotating mechanism includes a mounting plate 7 and a plurality of blades 3. The plurality of blades 3 are centrally symmetrically structured and can be rotatably mounted on the edge of the mounting plate 7. The center of the mounting plate 7 is fixed to the generator shaft 1 by a fixer 6. The blades 3 are provided with a plurality of rows of elliptical screw holes 13 with inclined inner walls.

[0034] It should be noted that the growth relationship between wind speed and wind force is not exactly the same under the inner wall of the elliptical screw hole at different angles. According to the principles of aerodynamics, when the airflow passes through an inclined channel, the angle between its actual force area and the airflow direction determines the size of the airflow kinetic energy projected onto the surface of the device: at an angle of 35°, the unit area forms the largest effective windward surface for the airflow; at this time, the shape of the channel guides the airflow to act on the fan blade surface with the strongest impact component; the total wind force is decomposed into a horizontal component (tangential drive) and a vertical component (axial resistance). At 35°, the wind vector is biased toward the horizontal direction; the horizontal component is the largest, which is conducive to smoothly pushing the cylindrical device to rotate around the axis; the 35° angle not only increases the wind force, but also optimizes the direction of wind force, thereby improving the driving efficiency of unit wind energy. The 35° inclination angle converts unit wind speed into maximum wind force and optimal direction by enhancing the flow and local wind pressure.

[0035] In this embodiment, the inner wall inclination angle of the elliptical screw hole 13 is set to 35°. Figure 4-Figure 6 As can be seen from the wind speed and wind force diagrams at different angles of the elliptical screw hole, the increase in wind speed has different effects on the wind force on the fan blades. It can be concluded that the greater the wind force at the same wind speed at 35°. The wind force direction comparison diagram at different angles of the elliptical screw hole shows that the wind force decomposition direction at different angles is different. It can be seen that the horizontal driving force at 35° is the largest, which helps rotation. The wind streamline and wind force superposition analysis diagram at different angles of the elliptical screw hole shows the influence of flow and force. The wind streamline at 35° is significantly disturbed, the flow diversion is obvious, and the wind pressure is the largest, resulting in the strongest drive.

[0036] Further, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an angle adjustment device is provided on the mounting plate 7 corresponding to the fan blade 3 , and the angle adjustment device is connected to the top of the fan blade 3 .

[0037] Specifically, in this embodiment, a wind speed sensor 2 is provided on the mounting plate 7, and a PID controller for controlling the operation of the cylinder 9 is provided below the mounting plate 7. The PID controller is connected to the signal of the wind speed sensor 2, and then the angle adjustment device is controlled by the PID controller to realize the angle adjustment of the fan blade.

[0038] It can be understood that the wind speed sensor collects wind speed signals in real time, and the PID algorithm dynamically outputs the cylinder drive amount according to the error to achieve closed-loop stepless angle adjustment; the differential term enhances the sensitivity to sudden changes in wind speed and suppresses overshoot and oscillation.

[0039] Among them, the control method of smoothly adjusting the blade angle through the PID controller to reduce the fluctuation caused by wind speed changes, making the wind turbine system more stable, thereby achieving effective energy conversion is as follows:

[0040] 1. Read the current wind speed W(t);

[0041] In this embodiment, the wind speed range is defined as follows:

[0042] Low wind speed range (W(t) <W min ): When the wind speed is too low, the fan blade angle is reduced to avoid excessive resistance and maintained at the minimum angle θmin to reduce wind capture and avoid structural damage.

[0043] Medium wind speed range (W(t)≤W min ≤W optimal ): As the wind speed gradually increases, the angle is linearly adjusted to match the wind speed to maintain optimal wind energy capture efficiency.

[0044] 2. Determine the wind speed range:

[0045] When W(t) <W min When the angle is fixed at θ min

[0046] When W min ≤W(t)≤W optimal ), PID control is enabled

[0047] 3. Calculate the error e(t) and update K d (t);

[0048] In this embodiment, dynamic differential control is used:

[0049] In light wind scenarios, wind speed changes are small and unstable, so we need to improve the response to wind speed changes. By dynamically adjusting the differential term Kd(t), we can achieve a more sensitive response to wind speed changes.

[0050] Among them, the differential control formula is:

[0051]

[0052] in, It represents the derivative of wind speed change and the rate of change of wind speed. α and β represent the sensitivity and constant term of the control differential coefficient respectively.

[0053] When the wind speed changes rapidly, increase the differential term K d (t), making the angle adjustment response faster;

[0054] When the wind speed changes slowly, reduce the differential term K d (t), avoid over-response.

[0055] 4. Enable the PID controller to output the target angle;

[0056] PID control formula:

[0057]

[0058] e(t)=W desired -W(t): The error between the target wind speed and the actual wind speed. K p , K i , K d : Proportional, integral, and differential constants.

[0059] Angle adjustment formula: Low wind speed range: θ(t) = θ min ; Medium wind speed range:

[0060] 5. Drive and control the pneumatic telescopic rod to adjust the fan blade angle.

[0061] Angle adjustment formula: Low wind speed range: θ(t) = θ min ; Medium wind speed range:

[0062] Furthermore, the fan blades 3 are curved. As can be appreciated, by setting the fan blades 3 in an arc shape, when the generator is transported, the fan blades are retracted under the adjustment of the angle adjustment mechanism, and the generator takes on a cylindrical structure, thereby reducing space occupancy and facilitating transportation and installation.

[0063] In addition, the bottom of the fan blade 3 is set to a wave-like structure, thereby increasing the contact area between the fan blade and the air flow channel, thereby increasing the efficiency of wind power conversion and improving the wind power conversion rate.

[0064] Further configuration of this embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the angle adjustment mechanism includes a mounting bracket 8, a cylinder 9, a short connecting rod 10 and a movable bracket 12. The mounting bracket 8 is fixed to the surface of the mounting plate 7, the bottom of the cylinder 9 is hinged to the mounting bracket 8, the output end of the cylinder 9 is hinged to one end of the short connecting rod 10 through a hinge, the movable bracket 12 is installed along the edge of the mounting plate 7, and a blade bracket 11 that cooperates with the movable bracket 12 is provided at the top center of the fan blade 3. The top side center of the fan blade 3 is hinged to the other end of the short connecting rod 10 through another hinge.

[0065] It can be understood that in this embodiment, the linear motion of the cylinder is converted into fan blade rotation through the connecting rod, and the electric-pneumatic combined drive has a fast response and high thrust; the articulated structure eliminates lateral bending moment and extends the life of the mechanism.

[0066] It can be understood that in order to increase the conversion rate and power generation of the renewable energy of the power generation device, a number of photovoltaic panels 14 are attached to the surface of the fan blades 3, thereby further increasing the conversion of light energy and the conversion of renewable energy into electrical energy.

[0067] Furthermore, the photovoltaic panel 14 is a flexible perovskite photovoltaic panel, which is suitable for the curved and wavy structures of the fan blades.

[0068] Specifically, the curved cross-section creates a pressure differential during rotation, increasing lift. The curved surface also provides a conforming curved surface for the flexible perovskite, increasing the light receiving angle and balancing aerodynamic and photovoltaic efficiency. The perovskite has high conversion efficiency, can be prepared at low temperatures, and is lightweight. The flexible substrate bends with the blade without breaking, achieving "integrated attachment" and reducing the load on the support.

[0069] A further configuration of this embodiment is that the generator shaft 1 is provided with a plurality of sockets of different heights from top to bottom, the retainer 6 is in an annular bearing structure, and a through hole is provided on the retainer 6 corresponding to the socket. After the through hole corresponds to the socket of the generator shaft 1, the mounting plate 7 is fixed to the generator shaft 1 by the pin 15.

[0070] The pin-socket combination enables tool-free rapid raising and lowering, adapting to different crop canopy heights and achieving wind-solar complementarity without affecting the normal growth of crops.

[0071] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and improvements may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A micro photovoltaic wind power integrated power generation device, comprising a battery (5) and a generator (4), wherein the generator (4) is mounted on the battery (5), and the generator (4) is also electrically connected to the battery (5) via a power line, and a generator shaft (1) connected to a movement is provided on the generator (4), characterized in that: The generator shaft (1) is arranged longitudinally. A rotating mechanism is installed on the generator shaft (1). The rotating mechanism includes a mounting plate (7) and a plurality of blades (3). The plurality of blades (3) are rotatably mounted on the edge of the mounting plate (7) in a centrally symmetrical structure. The center of the mounting plate (7) is fixed to the generator shaft (1) via a fixer (6). The blades (3) are provided with a plurality of rows of elliptical screw holes (13) with inclined inner walls. The inner wall inclination angle of the elliptical screw holes (13) is 30°-70°.

2. A micro photovoltaic and wind power integrated power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An angle adjustment device is provided on the mounting plate (7) corresponding to the fan blade (3), and the angle adjustment device is connected to the top of the fan blade (3).

3. A micro photovoltaic and wind power integrated power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle adjustment mechanism comprises a mounting bracket (8), a cylinder (9), a short connecting rod (10) and a movable bracket (12); the mounting bracket (8) is fixed on the surface of the mounting plate (7); the bottom of the cylinder (9) is hinged to the mounting bracket (8); the output end of the cylinder (9) is hinged to one end of the short connecting rod (10) through a hinge; the movable bracket (12) is installed along the edge of the mounting plate (7); a blade bracket (11) cooperating with the movable bracket (12) is provided at the top center of the blade (3); the top side center of the blade (3) is hinged to the other end of the short connecting rod (10) through another hinge.

4. A micro photovoltaic and wind power integrated power generation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A wind speed sensor (2) is provided on the mounting plate (7), and a PID controller for controlling the operation of the cylinder (9) is provided below the mounting plate (7), wherein the PID controller is connected to the wind speed sensor (2) signal.

5. The micro photovoltaic and wind power integrated power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan blades (3) are in an arc-shaped structure.

6. A micro photovoltaic and wind power integrated power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of photovoltaic panels (14) are attached to the surface of the fan blade (3).

7. The micro photovoltaic and wind power integrated power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the fan blade (3) has a wave-like structure.

8. A micro photovoltaic and wind power integrated power generation device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The photovoltaic panel (14) is a flexible perovskite photovoltaic panel.

9. The micro photovoltaic and wind power integrated power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The generator shaft (1) is provided with a plurality of sockets at different heights from top to bottom. The fixer (6) is in the form of an annular bearing structure. The fixer (6) is provided with through holes corresponding to the sockets. After the through holes correspond to the sockets of the generator shaft (1), the mounting plate (7) is fixed to the generator shaft (1) via a latch (15).

10. The micro photovoltaic and wind power integrated power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the elliptical screw hole (13) has an inclination angle of 35°.

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