Brake, electric machine and assembly method

Abstract

The application provides a brake, a motor and an assembling method, the brake comprises a rear end cover, a main friction plate, a secondary friction plate, an armature and an adjusting plate; the armature and the secondary friction plate are arranged on the two sides of the main friction plate respectively, and the secondary friction plate is installed in the rear end cover; when the armature is attracted, a gap is formed between the main friction plate and the armature, the adjusting plate is installed in the gap, the end surface of the main friction plate is in contact with the end surface of the secondary friction plate, the installation position of the secondary friction plate in the rear end cover is obtained, the adjusting plate is taken out from the gap, and the secondary friction plate is connected with the rear end cover. In the application, when the armature is attracted, a gap is formed between the armature and the main friction plate, the installation position of the adjusting plate is in the gap, and by inserting the adjusting plate into the gap, the distance between the main friction plate and the armature can be accurately controlled.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of electric machines, and particularly relates to a brake, an electric machine and an assembling method. BACKGROUND

[0002] An electromagnetic brake is an important basic part, which switches the brake state and the open state between the power-on and power-off, and is mainly used for safety braking of a rotating mechanism (such as an electric machine device).

[0003] A brake and an electric machine device using the same are disclosed in the related art, the brake has the advantages of large braking torque, short axial length and easy assembly, but the gap size between the friction plate and the armature of the brake needs to be controlled by the size chain tolerance of related parts, which increases the machining requirements of the parts and improves the cost of the brake. SUMMARY

[0004] The application provides a brake, an electric machine and an assembling method, which can solve the technical problem that the gap size between the friction plate and the armature of the brake needs to be controlled by the size chain tolerance of related parts, which increases the machining requirements of the parts.

[0005] The application provides a brake, which comprises a rear end cover, a main friction plate, a secondary friction plate, an armature and an adjusting plate.

[0006] The armature and the secondary friction plate are arranged on the two sides of the main friction plate respectively, and the secondary friction plate is installed in the rear end cover.

[0007] When the armature is attracted, a gap is formed between the main friction plate and the armature, the adjusting plate is installed in the gap, the end face of the main friction plate is in contact with the end face of the secondary friction plate, the installation position of the secondary friction plate in the rear end cover is obtained, the adjusting plate is taken out of the gap, and the secondary friction plate is connected with the rear end cover.

[0008] In some embodiments, the thickness of the adjusting plate is adjustably arranged, and the adjusting plate is clamped between the main friction plate and the armature.

[0009] In some embodiments, the gap is 0.1 mm±0.02.

[0010] In some embodiments, a rotating shaft and a hub are further included, the armature, the main friction plate and the secondary friction plate are sequentially arranged in the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the hub is installed on the rotating shaft, and the main friction plate is formedly connected with the hub in the circumferential direction of the hub.

[0011] In some embodiments, the main friction plate is provided with a mounting through hole, the wheel hub is mounted in the mounting through hole, the mounting through hole is in a non-circular geometric shape, and an outer contour of the wheel hub is matched with the mounting through hole.

[0012] In some embodiments, the mounting through hole is in a polygonal shape, and the main friction plate is movably arranged along an axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0013] In some embodiments, the armature is provided with a first wear-preventing piece towards an end surface of the main friction plate, the secondary friction plate is provided with a second wear-preventing piece towards the end surface of the main friction plate, when the armature is not attracted, the first wear-preventing piece is in contact with the end surface of the main friction plate from a side away from the armature, and the second wear-preventing piece is in contact with the end surface of the main friction plate from a side away from the secondary friction plate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first wear-preventing piece and the second wear-preventing piece are both sealing rings, the armature is provided with a first annular groove towards the end surface of the main friction plate, and the first wear-preventing piece is mounted in the first annular groove; the secondary friction plate is provided with a second annular groove towards the end surface of the main friction plate, and the second wear-preventing piece is mounted in the second annular groove.

[0015] In some embodiments, the rear end cover is provided with a mounting chamber, the secondary friction plate is positionally adjustably arranged in the mounting chamber, and when the secondary friction plate is in a mounting position in the rear end cover, the secondary friction plate is welded or glued with the rear end cover.

[0016] In some embodiments, a stator core and a spring are further included, one end of the spring is mounted in a mounting hole of the stator core, the other end of the spring is connected with the armature, and energization and de-energization of the stator core are used to adjust release of elasticity of the spring.

[0017] A motor comprising a brake, the brake being the brake described above.

[0018] An assembly method for assembling the brake described above, the assembly method comprising:

[0019] The secondary friction plate is interference-fitted in the rear end cover, the brake is energized, the armature is attracted, and the main friction plate has a gap with the armature;

[0020] The adjusting piece is installed in the gap, the end face of the main friction piece is in contact with the end face of the auxiliary friction piece, and meanwhile the main friction piece pushes the auxiliary friction piece to move, so that after the auxiliary friction piece moves to the mounting position in the rear end cover, the rear end cover is removed, the adjusting piece is taken out from the gap, the rear end cover is reinstalled, and the auxiliary friction piece is connected with the rear end cover.

[0021] The application provides a brake, a motor and an assembling method.

[0022] In the application, when the armature is attracted, a gap is formed between the armature and the main friction piece, the adjusting piece is installed in the gap, the distance between the main friction piece and the armature can be accurately controlled by inserting the adjusting piece into the gap, the thickness and shape of the adjusting piece are set so that the gap between the main friction piece and the armature is adjusted to a suitable range during the adjustment, the suitable gap can prevent unnecessary air abrasion between the armature and the main friction piece, thereby prolonging the service life of the brake. During the insertion of the adjusting piece into the gap, the main friction piece is pushed to move axially, the movement is realized through the contact between the adjusting piece and the main friction piece, and the main friction piece can be accurately moved to the required position, since the end faces of the main friction piece and the auxiliary friction piece are in contact, the movement of the main friction piece drives the auxiliary friction piece to move, the adjusting piece indirectly adjusts the position of the auxiliary friction piece so that the auxiliary friction piece can be accurately moved to the predetermined mounting position in the rear end cover. The use of the adjusting piece can accurately adjust the positions of the main friction piece and the auxiliary friction piece during the assembly, and ensure that the contact and the gap between the main friction piece and the auxiliary friction piece meet the setting requirements. The accurate adjustment is crucial to the performance of the brake, because the braking effect and reliability of the brake depend on the accurate matching of the components. By using the adjusting piece, the requirement for the machining precision of the parts can be avoided, in the traditional brake assembly, the dimensional chain tolerance of the parts needs to be strictly controlled to ensure the accuracy of the gap, and in the embodiment, the use of the adjusting piece makes the assembly process more flexible, reduces the dependence on the machining precision of the parts, and thus reduces the manufacturing cost of the brake. In addition, when the adjusting piece is completely placed in the gap, the auxiliary friction piece is moved to the predetermined mounting position in the rear end cover, at this time, the adjusting piece can be taken out from the gap, the position of the auxiliary friction piece is determined, and the auxiliary friction piece can be directly fixedly connected with the rear end cover. The setting makes the assembly process more efficient, and reduces the assembly steps and time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for those skilled in the field, other drawings can be obtained from the provided drawings without creative labor.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a brake in the prior art;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a size chain of a brake in the prior art;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a brake in the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of assembly of a main friction plate, an armature and a secondary friction plate in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an adjusting plate in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 A detailed enlarged view of a first wear-preventing piece and a second wear-preventing piece in the embodiment of the present application.

[0030] FIG. 1 is a rear end cover; 101 is a mounting chamber; 2 is a main friction plate; 3 is a secondary friction plate; 301 is a second annular groove; 4 is an armature; 401 is a first annular groove; 5 is an adjusting plate; 6 is a rotating shaft; 7 is a wheel hub; 8 is a stator core; 10 is a spring; 11 is a first wear-preventing piece; 12 is a second wear-preventing piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The description of the at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative, and by no means as any limitation on the present application and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "transverse, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" and the like indicated orientation or positional relationship are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, without making the opposite statement, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application; the orientation words "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer of the contour of each component itself.

[0033] For the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "over", "above", "upper surface", "upper" and the like can be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature with other devices or features as shown in the drawings. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation of the device described in the drawings. For example, if the device in the drawing is inverted, the device described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures will be positioned "below" or "under" other devices or structures.

[0034] For the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "over", "above", "upper surface", "upper" and the like can be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature with other devices or features as shown in the drawings. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation of the device described in the drawings. For example, if the device in the drawing is inverted, the device described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures will be positioned "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Figures 3 to 5 As shown, according to the embodiment of the present application, a brake is provided, which comprises a rear end cover 1, a main friction plate 2, a secondary friction plate 3, an armature 4 and an adjusting plate 5; the armature 4 and the secondary friction plate 3 are respectively arranged on both sides of the main friction plate 2, and the secondary friction plate 3 is installed in the rear end cover 1; when the armature 4 is attracted, there is a gap between the main friction plate 2 and the armature 4, the adjusting plate 5 is installed in the gap, the end surface of the main friction plate 2 is in contact with the end surface of the secondary friction plate 3, the installation position of the secondary friction plate 3 in the rear end cover 1 is obtained, the adjusting plate 5 is taken out from the gap, and the secondary friction plate 3 is connected with the rear end cover 1.

[0035] It is worth mentioning that, for the convenience of description, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the gap between the armature 4 and the main friction plate 2 greatly affects the attraction voltage of the brake and the air wear of the friction plate. The larger the gap, the greater the magnetic motive force required to attract the armature 4, resulting in an increase in the attraction voltage. The smaller the gap, the greater the air wear between the armature 4 and the main friction plate 2 in the non-braking state of the brake. The existing brake has high precision requirements for the axial length h0 of the rear end cover 1 brake mating surface to the plane of the secondary friction plate 3, the thickness h1 of the secondary friction plate 3, the thickness h2 of the main friction plate 2, and the thickness h3 of the armature 4, and the tolerances of each size need to be strictly controlled. The gap value (axial length h0-secondary friction plate 3 thickness h1-main friction plate 2 thickness h2-armature 4 thickness h3) between the main friction plate 2 and the armature 4 is within 0.1-0.2mm. The gap value range controlled by the traditional scheme is large, resulting in poor consistency of the brake, and the tolerance precision of each part is high, making processing difficult.

[0036] To solve the above problems, the secondary friction plate 3 is first installed in the rear end cover 1. At this time, the secondary friction plate 3 can move a certain distance in the rear end cover 1, and the installation of the secondary friction plate 3 needs to ensure that it can move freely in the rear end cover 1, but cannot shake or tilt to ensure the precision of subsequent assembly. The armature 4 is installed on the other side of the main friction plate 2 to ensure that the armature 4 and the main friction plate 2 can normally attract and release. When the armature 4 is attracted, i.e. the armature 4 is away from the main friction plate 2, a certain gap is formed between the main friction plate 2 and the armature 4. When installing the secondary friction plate 3, the secondary friction plate 3 and the main friction plate 2 are preferably in surface contact, and the end surface of the main friction plate 2 is in contact with the end surface of the secondary friction plate 3. The adjusting piece 5 is installed in the gap to adjust the relative position between the main friction plate 2 and the secondary friction plate 3. Continue to push the adjusting piece 5 to gradually enter the gap. With the entry of the adjusting piece 5, the main friction plate 2 is pushed to move while the secondary friction plate 3 is also pushed to move. Until the adjusting piece 5 is completely put into the gap, at this time the secondary friction plate 3 has moved to the installation position in the rear end cover 1, and the secondary friction plate 3 has moved to the correct position, i.e. the size of the gap can prevent the air wear between the armature 4 and the main friction plate 2. Then take out the adjusting piece 5 from the gap. In this way, when the brake is powered off, the armature 4 can be in contact with the main friction plate 2. When the brake is powered on, the armature 4 is attracted away from the main friction plate 2.

[0037] In this embodiment, when the armature 4 is attracted, a gap is formed between the armature 4 and the main friction plate 2, and the installation position of the adjusting plate 5 is in this gap. By inserting the adjusting plate 5 into the gap, the distance between the main friction plate 2 and the armature 4 can be accurately controlled. The thickness and shape of the adjusting plate 5 are set so that during adjustment, the gap between the main friction plate 2 and the armature 4 is adjusted to a suitable range, which can prevent unnecessary empty wear between the armature 4 and the main friction plate 2, thereby prolonging the service life of the brake. During the process of inserting the adjusting plate 5 into the gap, the adjusting plate 5 pushes the main friction plate 2 to move axially, which is achieved by the contact between the adjusting plate 5 and the main friction plate 2, ensuring that the main friction plate 2 can accurately move to the required position. Since the end faces of the main friction plate 2 and the secondary friction plate 3 are in contact, the movement of the main friction plate 2 will cause the secondary friction plate 3 to move together. By pushing the main friction plate 2, the adjusting plate 5 indirectly adjusts the position of the secondary friction plate 3, so that it can accurately move to the predetermined installation position in the rear end cover 1. The use of the adjusting plate 5 allows accurate adjustment of the positions of the main friction plate 2 and the secondary friction plate 3 during assembly, ensuring that the contact and gap between them meet the set requirements. This accurate adjustment is crucial for the performance of the brake, as the braking effect and reliability of the brake depend on the precise fit of these components. By using the adjusting plate 5, it is possible to avoid excessive requirements for the machining accuracy of the parts. In traditional brake assembly, strict control of the size chain tolerance of the parts is required to ensure the accuracy of the gap. In this embodiment, the use of the adjusting plate 5 makes the assembly process more flexible, reduces the dependence on the machining accuracy of the parts, and thus reduces the manufacturing cost of the brake. In addition, after the adjusting plate 5 is completely inserted into the gap, the secondary friction plate 3 moves to the predetermined installation position in the rear end cover 1. At this time, the adjusting plate 5 can be removed from the gap, and the position of the secondary friction plate 3 has been determined, so it can be directly fixed to the rear end cover 1. This arrangement makes the assembly process more efficient, reducing the assembly steps and time.

[0038] For reference Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the thickness of the adjusting plate 5 is adjustably set, and the adjusting plate 5 is clamped between the main friction plate 2 and the armature 4.

[0039] Specifically, the size of the gap is actually based on the thickness of the adjusting plate 5, and the size of the gap needs to meet the requirement that the adjusting plate 5 can be installed. Since the adjusting plate 5 is set to ensure that when the armature 4 is attracted, there is no or little empty wear between the armature 4 and the main friction plate 2, the appropriate thickness of the adjusting plate 5 is selected according to the size of the gap when selecting the adjusting plate 5. By clamping the adjusting plate 5 between the main friction plate 2 and the armature 4, it can directly act on this key part, thereby achieving accurate gap control.

[0040] In this embodiment, by selecting different thicknesses of the adjusting piece 5, the gap size between the main friction plate 2 and the armature 4 can be accurately controlled, ensuring that the gap meets the set requirements. Different application scenarios may require different gap values, and the adjustable thickness of the adjusting piece 5 can flexibly adapt to various working conditions, allowing the brake to be adjusted according to actual needs. The setting of the adjusting piece 5 makes it very convenient to replace, as only the adjusting piece 5 of different thickness needs to be replaced without the need for complex disassembly and reassembly. During assembly, the appropriate thickness of the adjusting piece 5 can be selected according to the actual measured gap size, and the gap can be adjusted by directly inserting the adjusting piece 5, without the need for complex measurement and adjustment tools, greatly simplifying the assembly process. If the gap needs to be adjusted during the use of the brake, the gap can be fine-tuned by replacing the adjusting piece 5 of different thickness without the need to disassemble the entire brake. This setting makes the maintenance and adjustment of the brake more convenient. Since the thickness of the adjusting piece 5 can be adjusted, the machining precision requirements of the main friction plate 2 and the armature 4 can be appropriately reduced, making the machining of the parts easier and reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0041] For reference Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the gap value is 0.1mm±0.02.

[0042] In this embodiment, the gap value range is limited to 0.1mm±0.02mm, meaning that the actual gap value should be between 0.08mm and 0.12mm, which can ensure that the performance of the brake in the energized and de-energized states meets the set requirements. By controlling the gap within such a precise range, unnecessary air wear between the armature 4 and the main friction plate 2 can be effectively prevented. If the gap is too large, a large air gap may occur between the armature 4 and the main friction plate 2, leading to an extended brake response time or even a skid phenomenon during braking. If the gap is too small, the friction between the armature 4 and the main friction plate 2 may intensify, increasing wear. When the brake is de-energized, the armature 4 and the main friction plate 2 need to quickly contact to achieve brake engagement. An accurate gap can ensure that the contact between the armature 4 and the main friction plate 2 is more intimate, thereby improving the braking torque and ensuring that the brake can quickly and effectively brake. Although the gap value range is relatively precise, the range of 0.1mm±0.02mm still provides a certain flexibility, which can adapt to different working environments and conditions. For example, under different temperature, humidity or load conditions, the gap of the brake may change slightly due to factors such as thermal expansion, and this range can ensure that the brake still works normally under these changes. In actual production, there may be a certain tolerance in the machining size of the parts. By controlling the gap within the range of 0.1mm±0.02mm, the gap can be adjusted by selecting the appropriate thickness of the adjusting piece 5 during assembly, thereby adapting to different sizes of parts and improving the universality and compatibility of the brake.

[0043] Referring to Figures 3 to 5 The brake assembly shown also includes a rotating shaft 6 and a wheel hub 7, along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the armature 4, the main friction plate 2 and the auxiliary friction plate 3 are arranged in sequence; the wheel hub 7 is installed on the rotating shaft 6, and in the circumferential direction of the wheel hub 7, the main friction plate 2 is formedly connected with the wheel hub 7.

[0044] Specifically, the rotating shaft 6 is installed into the support structure of the brake, ensuring that the rotating shaft 6 can rotate freely and the axial position is fixed, the wheel hub 7 is installed on the rotating shaft 6, ensuring that the wheel hub 7 and the rotating shaft 6 are tightly matched and can rotate synchronously, the installation of the wheel hub 7 needs to ensure that it is fixed with the rotating shaft 6 in the circumferential direction, which is usually achieved by key connection or other mechanical connection methods. The main friction plate 2 is installed on the wheel hub 7, ensuring that the main friction plate 2 is formedly connected with the wheel hub 7 in the circumferential direction, and the installation position of the main friction plate 2 needs to ensure that it can cooperate with the armature 4 and the auxiliary friction plate 3 to form effective brake contact. The auxiliary friction plate 3 is installed in the rear end cover 1, ensuring that the auxiliary friction plate 3 can move a certain distance in the axial direction in the rear end cover 1, and the installation of the auxiliary friction plate 3 needs to ensure that it can move freely in the rear end cover 1, but it cannot shake or tilt to ensure the precision of subsequent assembly. The end surface of the auxiliary friction plate 3 needs to be in contact with the end surface of the main friction plate 2 to form a surface contact state. The armature 4 is installed on the other side of the main friction plate 2, ensuring that the armature 4 and the main friction plate 2 can normally attract and release, and in the attracted state of the armature 4, a gap will be formed between the main friction plate 2 and the armature 4. The adjusting plate 5 is inserted into this gap, and the thickness of the adjusting plate 5 should be selected according to the actual measured gap size, ensuring that the gap value is within the range of 0.1mm±0.02mm. Push the adjusting plate 5 into the gap gradually, as the adjusting plate 5 enters, the main friction plate 2 will be pushed, at the same time, the main friction plate 2 will drive the auxiliary friction plate 3 to move in the axial direction, until the adjusting plate 5 is completely put into the gap, at this time, the auxiliary friction plate 3 will move to the predetermined installation position in the rear end cover 1, and the gap between the main friction plate 2 and the armature 4 is adjusted to the appropriate range, which can prevent the armature 4 from being worn by the main friction plate 2. Since the rear end cover 1 will interfere with the removal of the adjusting plate 5, the rear end cover 1 is first removed, and then the adjusting plate 5 is removed from the gap, at this time, the auxiliary friction plate 3 has moved to the correct position, and the gap between the main friction plate 2 and the armature 4 has also been adjusted, and the auxiliary friction plate 3 is fixedly connected with the rear end cover 1.

[0045] In this embodiment, the main friction plate 2 is formedly connected with the wheel hub 7, so that the brake can directly act on the wheel hub 7. This direct connection ensures that the braking force of the brake can be quickly transmitted to the wheel hub 7, and the transmission of the torque between the wheel hub 7 and the main friction plate 2 improves the braking efficiency. The close connection between the main friction plate 2 and the wheel hub 7 ensures that the friction force can be evenly distributed during braking, avoiding local overload or skidding, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the brake. By arranging the armature 4, the main friction plate 2 and the auxiliary friction plate 3 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 6 in turn, the structure of the brake is more compact, reducing the inertia delay during braking. The armature 4 can quickly attract and release when energized and de-energized, thereby achieving rapid braking and release, significantly shortening the response time of the brake. The formed connection of the main friction plate 2 and the wheel hub 7 and the use of the adjusting plate 5 enable the brake to accurately control the brake gap, ensuring that the contact and separation between the armature 4 and the main friction plate 2 during braking is more rapid and accurate, further optimizing the dynamic performance of the brake.

[0046] For reference Figures 3 to 5 As shown in the figure, the main friction plate 2 is provided with a mounting hole, and the wheel hub 7 is mounted in the mounting hole. The mounting hole is of a non-circular geometric shape, and the outer contour of the wheel hub 7 is adapted to the mounting hole.

[0047] In this embodiment, the non-circular mounting hole is adapted to the outer contour of the wheel hub 7, which can ensure that there is no relative movement between the main friction plate 2 and the wheel hub 7 in the circumferential direction. This arrangement achieves circumferential fixation of the main friction plate 2 and the wheel hub 7 through shape fitting, so that the main friction plate 2 can rotate synchronously with the wheel hub 7, thereby effectively transmitting the braking torque during braking. Since there is no relative rotation between the main friction plate 2 and the wheel hub 7, the brake can directly transmit the braking torque to the wheel hub 7 during braking, avoiding the loss of braking torque due to slipping or idling, thereby improving the braking efficiency. By adapting the non-circular mounting hole to the outer contour of the wheel hub 7, the connection between the main friction plate 2 and the wheel hub 7 does not require additional fixing devices (such as screws, keys or rivets). This arrangement simplifies the assembly process, reduces assembly steps and time, and improves production efficiency. The non-circular mounting hole and the outer contour of the wheel hub 7 can be quickly aligned, ensuring that the main friction plate 2 can be accurately installed to the predetermined position during assembly, reducing assembly errors. Circumferential fixation is achieved through shape fitting, reducing friction between the main friction plate 2 and the wheel hub 7, thereby reducing wear. This arrangement prolongs the service life of the brake and improves its reliability.

[0048] For reference Figures 3 to 5 As shown in the figure, the mounting hole is polygonal, and the main friction plate 2 is movably arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 6.

[0049] In the embodiment, the mounting through hole is square, the outer contour of the hub 7 is square, the square mounting through hole is matched with the square outer contour of the hub 7, and relative movement between the main friction plate 2 and the hub 7 in the circumferential direction is ensured. The shape matching enables the main friction plate 2 to rotate synchronously with the hub 7, so that the brake torque can be effectively transmitted during braking. Since there is no circumferential relative movement between the main friction plate 2 and the hub 7, the brake can directly transmit the brake torque to the hub 7 during braking, avoiding the loss of brake torque due to slipping or idling, thereby improving the braking efficiency. The main friction plate 2 is movable in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 6, which enables flexible adjustment of the position of the main friction plate 2 during assembly and maintenance. For example, when the adjusting plate 5 is installed, the main friction plate 2 can be conveniently moved to ensure that the gap is adjusted in place. If the main friction plate 2 or the hub 7 needs to be replaced, the square mounting through hole matched with the outer contour of the hub 7 makes the replacement process simpler, reducing maintenance time and cost.

[0050] For reference Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the end face of the armature 4 facing the main friction plate 2 is provided with a first wear-resistant piece 11, and the end face of the secondary friction plate 3 facing the main friction plate 2 is provided with a second wear-resistant piece 12. When the armature 4 is not attracted, the side of the first wear-resistant piece 11 away from the armature 4 is in contact with the end face of the main friction plate 2, and the side of the second wear-resistant piece 12 away from the secondary friction plate 3 is in contact with the end face of the main friction plate 2. It is worth noting that when the adjusting plate 5 is installed, the first wear-resistant piece 11 does not affect the installation accuracy. The wear-resistant piece itself has a certain elasticity, or the adjusting plate 5 does not need to be completely inserted into the gap between the main friction plate 2 and the armature 4, that is, the installation position of the adjusting plate 5 can avoid the first wear-resistant piece 11. In addition, the contact between the first wear-resistant piece 11 and the second wear-resistant piece 12 does not rub the main friction plate 2, affecting the rotation of the main friction plate 2.

[0051] In the embodiment, when the armature 4 is not attracted, the first wear-resistant piece 11 and the second wear-resistant piece 12 are in contact with the end face of the main friction plate 2, respectively, which alleviates the direct collision and vibration between the armature 4, the secondary friction plate 3 and the main friction plate 2, reduces the operating noise of the brake, and improves the use comfort. In the non-braking state, that is, the high-speed rotating state, the main friction plate 2 is in direct contact with the wear-resistant piece, and has a certain gap with the secondary friction plate 3 and the armature 4, solving the problem of empty wear between the main friction plate 2, the secondary friction plate 3 and the armature 4, and improving the service life of the friction plate.

[0052] For reference Figure 6As shown, the first wear-preventing piece 11 and the second wear-preventing piece 12 are both sealing rings, the armature 4 is provided with a first annular groove 401 at the end face facing the main friction plate 2, and the first wear-preventing piece 11 is installed in the first annular groove 401; the auxiliary friction plate 3 is provided with a second annular groove 301 at the end face facing the main friction plate 2, and the second wear-preventing piece 12 is installed in the second annular groove 301.

[0053] In the embodiment, the annular grooves provide stable installation positions for the sealing rings, so that the sealing rings can remain stable during the operation of the equipment and will not be displaced or deformed due to vibration or impact, thereby ensuring long-term stable sealing effect between the main friction plate 2 and the armature 4 and the auxiliary friction plate 3.

[0054] In the embodiment, the adjusting piece 5, the first wear-preventing piece 11 and the second wear-preventing piece 12 are provided simultaneously, the adjusting piece 5 is used to accurately adjust the gap between the main friction plate and the armature, so as to ensure that the brake can work normally during energization and de-energization, and by selecting an adjusting piece 5 with a proper thickness, the gap can be controlled within the set range, so as to prevent the occurrence of empty wear between the armature and the main friction plate, the adjusting piece 5 makes the gap adjustment more flexible and convenient during assembly, reduces the dependence on the machining precision of parts, simplifies the assembly steps and improves the production efficiency. When the armature is not attracted, the first wear-preventing piece 11 and the second wear-preventing piece 12 are in contact with the end face of the main friction plate 2 respectively, which relieves the direct collision and vibration between the armature 4, the auxiliary friction plate 3 and the main friction plate 2, thereby reducing the operating noise of the brake and improving the use comfort. In the non-braking state (such as high-speed rotation), the main friction plate 2 is in direct contact with the wear-preventing piece, and a certain gap is maintained between the main friction plate 2 and the auxiliary friction plate 3 and the armature 4. This arrangement effectively solves the problem of empty wear between the main friction plate 2 and the auxiliary friction plate 3 and the armature 4, thereby prolonging the service life of the friction plate. The adjusting piece 5 accurately controls the gap to ensure the normal operation of the brake; the wear-preventing piece reduces noise, vibration and wear, improves use comfort and part life, and the combination of the two makes the brake work stably and efficiently under various working conditions, thereby enhancing the overall performance and reliability. The use of the adjusting piece 5 simplifies the gap adjustment steps during assembly, and the installation of the wear-preventing piece further improves the assembly precision, so as to ensure that the cooperation gap between the parts meets the set requirements, and the improvement of the assembly efficiency ensures the quality of the brake assembly.

[0055] For reference Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the rear end cover 1 is provided with a mounting chamber 101, and the auxiliary friction plate 3 is adjustably arranged in the mounting chamber 101, and when the auxiliary friction plate 3 is located at the mounting position in the rear end cover 1, the auxiliary friction plate 3 is welded or glued with the rear end cover 1.

[0056] Specifically, the hub 7 is installed on the rotating shaft 6 to ensure that the hub 7 and the rotating shaft 6 are tightly matched and can rotate synchronously, and the outer contour of the hub 7 is adapted to the mounting hole of the main friction plate 2. The square outer contour of the hub 7 should be aligned with the square mounting hole of the main friction plate 2. The secondary friction plate 3 is installed in the mounting chamber 101 of the rear cover 1, and the secondary friction plate 3 can move a certain distance in the axial direction in the mounting chamber 101 for subsequent adjustment of its position. The armature 4 is installed on the other side of the main friction plate 2 to ensure that the armature 4 and the main friction plate 2 can normally attract and release. The installation position of the armature 4 needs to be accurately controlled so that a suitable brake gap can be formed during subsequent adjustment. When the secondary friction plate 3 is in the mounting position in the rear cover 1, spot welding or welding along the circumference of the secondary friction plate 3 is used.

[0057] In this embodiment, the position of the secondary friction plate 3 in the mounting chamber 101 is adjustable, which means that the position of the secondary friction plate 3 can be adjusted as needed during assembly to ensure that the gap and fit between it and other components such as the main friction plate 2 and the armature 4 meet the set requirements. This adjustability provides flexibility during assembly, allowing for different sizes of parts or assembly errors. When the secondary friction plate 3 is adjusted to the predetermined mounting position, it is fixed to the rear cover 1 by welding, ensuring the stability of the position of the secondary friction plate 3 during operation. Welding is a reliable fixing method that can provide sufficient strength and stability to prevent the secondary friction plate 3 from shifting or loosening during brake operation. Welding the secondary friction plate 3 can improve the overall structural stability of the brake, reduce vibration and noise during operation, and improve the smoothness of the brake operation. If it is necessary to adjust the position of the secondary friction plate 3, it can be adjusted before welding, making it easier to adjust the brake on site. This setting allows the position of the secondary friction plate 3 to be adjusted flexibly according to actual working conditions.

[0058] For reference Figures 3 to 5 The stator core 8 and the spring 10 are also shown. One end of the spring 10 is installed in the mounting hole of the stator core 8, and the other end of the spring 10 is connected to the armature 4. The energization and de-energization of the stator core 8 is used to adjust the release of the elasticity of the spring 10.

[0059] Specifically, when the brake is powered off, the spring 10 is in a pre-tightened state, and its elastic force acts on the armature 4 to push the armature 4 towards the main friction plate 2. Since the main friction plate 2 is connected to the wheel hub 7, the contact between the armature 4 and the main friction plate 2 generates a braking torque, thereby realizing the braking function. The secondary friction plate 3 is fixed in a predetermined position in the mounting chamber 101 of the rear end cover 1 by welding, ensuring that it can work cooperatively with the main friction plate 2 during braking. When the stator core 8 is powered on, a magnetic field is generated, attracting the armature 4 to move towards the stator core 8. At this time, the elastic force of the spring 10 is overcome, and the armature 4 is separated from the main friction plate 2. In the process of the armature 4 being attracted, the spring 10 is further compressed, storing elastic energy. After the armature 4 is separated from the main friction plate 2, the braking torque of the brake disappears, and the wheel hub 7 and the rotating shaft 6 can rotate freely, and the brake is in a released state.

[0060] In this embodiment, in the powered-off state, the elastic force of the spring 10 rapidly pushes the armature 4 into contact with the main friction plate 2, generating a braking torque and realizing rapid braking. The elastic properties of the spring 10 ensure that the brake can respond in a very short time and provide stable braking force. In the powered-on state, the magnetic field generated by the stator core 8 attracts the armature 4, overcoming the elastic force of the spring 10 and causing the armature 4 to separate from the main friction plate 2, and the brake is rapidly released. This arrangement ensures that the brake can quickly respond when powered on and achieve rapid release. The adjusting piece 5 is used to accurately adjust the gap between the main friction plate 2 and the armature 4. During assembly of the brake, by inserting the adjusting piece 5, the gap between the main friction plate 2 and the armature 4 can be adjusted to the required range, and accurate adjustment of this gap is crucial for normal operation of the spring 10. One end of the spring 10 is connected to the stator core 8, and the other end is connected to the armature 4. When the spring 10 is in a pre-tightened state, its elastic force pushes the armature 4 into contact with the main friction plate 2. The use of the adjusting piece 5 ensures the accuracy of this contact process, enabling the spring 10 to rapidly push the armature 4 into contact with the main friction plate 2 when powered off, achieving rapid braking; in the powered-on state, the magnetic field generated by the stator core 8 attracts the armature 4, overcoming the elastic force of the spring 10 and causing the armature 4 to separate from the main friction plate 2. Accurate adjustment of the adjusting piece 5 ensures smooth separation, avoiding excessive compression or insufficient release of the spring 10 due to a gap that is too large or too small.

[0061] As a specific implementation, the rear end cover 1 is generally made of aluminum alloy, which has slightly poorer friction performance than steel. If the rear end cover 1 and the main friction plate 2 directly rub against each other, the friction coefficient will have certain disadvantages. Therefore, a steel secondary friction plate 3 is arranged on the rear end cover 1 to increase the friction coefficient and improve the braking torque. A step is machined on the rear end cover 1, and the inner cavity of the step is in interference fit with the secondary friction plate 3. The secondary friction plate 3 can be made of steel with a relatively high friction coefficient, and a network texture can be ground on the surface of the secondary friction plate 3 to improve the friction torque.

[0062] A motor comprising a brake, the brake being the brake described above.

[0063] An assembling method for assembling the brake described above, the assembling method comprising:

[0064] The secondary friction plate 3 is interference fitted in the rear end cover 1 and is pressed into the cavity of the rear end cover 1 by cold pressing, and it is noted that the process cannot press the secondary friction plate 3 into place in one step and needs to leave a distance of about 1 / 3;

[0065] The positioning pin is pressed into the reserved hole position of the brake, the spring 10 is placed into the corresponding spring 10 hole of the stator core 8, the brake is energized, the armature 4 is attracted, and the main friction plate 2 has a gap with the armature 4;

[0066] The rear end cover 1 is tightly attached to the stop of the stator core 8 under the action of a larger external force, the cooperation of the stop of the stator core 8 is ensured to be gapless, the adjusting piece 5 is installed in the gap, the end face of the main friction plate 2 is in contact with the end face of the secondary friction plate 3, at the same time, the main friction plate 2 pushes the secondary friction plate 3 to move, so that the secondary friction plate 3 moves to the installation position in the rear end cover 1, the rear end cover 1 is removed, the adjusting piece 5 is taken out of the gap, the rear end cover 1 is reinstalled, and the secondary friction plate 3 is welded with the rear end cover 1; then the rear end cover 1 and the secondary friction plate 3 are installed on the brake as a component, the lock screw is tightened, and the assembly is completed.

[0067] In this embodiment, the secondary friction plate 3 is installed in the rear end cover 1 by interference fit, which ensures the stability and position accuracy of the secondary friction plate 3 in the rear end cover 1. The interference fit can prevent the secondary friction plate 3 from loosening or shifting during operation. When the brake is energized, the armature 4 is attracted, and a gap is formed between the primary friction plate 2 and the armature 4. The size of the gap is precisely controlled by the adjusting plate 5. The adjusting plate 5 is installed in the gap between the primary friction plate 2 and the armature 4. By pushing the primary friction plate 2, its end surface comes into contact with the end surface of the secondary friction plate 3. This ensures the correct contact between the primary friction plate 2 and the secondary friction plate 3, and at the same time pushes the secondary friction plate 3 to move to the predetermined mounting position in the rear end cover 1. Through the pushing action of the adjusting plate 5, the secondary friction plate 3 can be accurately moved to the predetermined mounting position in the rear end cover 1. This movement ensures that the secondary friction plate 3 can work cooperatively with the primary friction plate 2 to provide stable braking torque when the brake is operating. After the secondary friction plate 3 is moved into position, the rear end cover 1 is removed, the adjusting plate 5 is removed from the gap, and the rear end cover 1 is reinstalled. The secondary friction plate 3 is welded to the rear end cover 1. This operation ensures the stability of the position of the secondary friction plate 3 during operation and prevents it from shifting or loosening. The precise thickness and shape of the adjusting plate 5 allow the gap between the primary friction plate 2 and the armature 4 to be precisely controlled, thereby improving the assembly accuracy. This precise gap adjustment is crucial to the performance of the brake, as it directly affects the braking effect and response speed of the brake.

[0068] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above-mentioned advantageous modes can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.

[0069] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present application, a number of improvements and variations can be made, which should be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A brake, characterized in that: The application relates to a rear end cover (1), a main friction plate (2), a secondary friction plate (3), an armature (4) and an adjusting plate (5). The armature (4) and the secondary friction plate (3) are arranged on the two sides of the main friction plate (2) respectively, and the secondary friction plate (3) is installed in the rear end cover (1). When the armature (4) is attracted, a gap is formed between the main friction plate (2) and the armature (4), the adjusting plate (5) is installed in the gap, the end face of the main friction plate (2) is in contact with the end face of the secondary friction plate (3), the secondary friction plate (3) is located in the installation position in the rear end cover (1), the adjusting plate (5) is taken out from the gap, and the secondary friction plate (3) is connected with the rear end cover (1). The thickness of the adjusting plate (5) is adjustably arranged, and the adjusting plate (5) is clamped between the main friction plate (2) and the armature (4).

2. The brake of claim 1, wherein The gap is 0.1mm+ / -0.

02.

3. The brake of claim 1, wherein The application further relates to a rotating shaft (6) and a wheel hub (7), the armature (4), the main friction plate (2) and the secondary friction plate (3) are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (6), the wheel hub (7) is installed on the rotating shaft (6), the main friction plate (2) is connected with the wheel hub (7) in the circumferential direction of the wheel hub (7), the main friction plate (2) is provided with an installation through hole, the wheel hub (7) is installed in the installation through hole, the installation through hole is in a non-circular geometric shape, and the outer contour of the wheel hub (7) is matched with the installation through hole.

4. The brake of claim 1, wherein The end face of the armature (4) towards the main friction plate (2) is provided with a first wear-resistant piece (11), the end face of the secondary friction plate (3) towards the main friction plate (2) is provided with a second wear-resistant piece (12), when the armature (4) is not attracted, the side, away from the armature (4), of the first wear-resistant piece (11) is in contact with the end face of the main friction plate (2), and the side, away from the secondary friction plate (3), of the second wear-resistant piece (12) is in contact with the end face of the main friction plate (2).

5. The brake of claim 1, wherein The first wear-resistant piece (11) and the second wear-resistant piece (12) are both sealing rings, the end face of the armature (4) towards the main friction plate (2) is provided with a first annular groove (401), and the first wear-resistant piece (11) is installed in the first annular groove (401); the end face of the secondary friction plate (3) towards the main friction plate (2) is provided with a second annular groove (301), and the second wear-resistant piece (12) is installed in the second annular groove (301).

6. The brake of claim 5 wherein, The rear end cover (1) is provided with an installation cavity (101), the secondary friction plate (3) is adjustably arranged in the installation cavity (101), and the secondary friction plate (3) is welded or glued with the rear end cover (1) when the secondary friction plate (3) is located in the installation position in the rear end cover (1).

7. The brake of claim 1, wherein ​ 8. The brake of claim 1, wherein Also included are a stator core (8) and a spring (10), one end of the spring (10) being installed in a mounting hole of the stator core (8), the other end of the spring (10) being connected with the armature (4), and energization and de-energization of the stator core (8) being used to adjust the release of elasticity of the spring (10).

9. An electric machine characterized by The brake is the brake according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A method of assembly, characterized by The assembly method is used for assembling the brake according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the assembly method comprises: The sub-friction plate (3) is interference-fitted in the rear end cover (1), the brake is energized, the armature (4) is attracted, and the main friction plate (2) has a gap with the armature (4); The adjusting plate (5) is installed in the gap, the end face of the main friction plate (2) is in contact with the end face of the sub-friction plate (3), and at the same time, the main friction plate (2) pushes the sub-friction plate (3) to move, so that after the sub-friction plate (3) is moved to the installation position in the rear end cover (1), the rear end cover (1) is removed, the adjusting plate (5) is taken out of the gap, the rear end cover (1) is re-installed, and the sub-friction plate (3) is connected with the rear end cover (1). The brake is the brake according to any one of claims 1 to 8. The assembly method is used for assembling the brake according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the assembly method comprises: The sub-friction plate (3) is interference-fitted in the rear end cover (1), the brake is energized, the armature (4) is attracted, and the main friction plate (2) has a gap with the armature (4); The adjusting plate (5) is installed in the gap, the end face of the main friction plate (2) is in contact with the end face of the sub-friction plate (3), and at the same time, the main friction plate (2) pushes the sub-friction plate (3) to move, so that after the sub-friction plate (3) is moved to the installation position in the rear end cover (1), the rear end cover (1) is removed, the adjusting plate (5) is taken out of the gap, the rear end cover (1) is re-installed, and the sub-friction plate (3) is connected with the rear end cover (1).

Images