Self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy trap device based on liquid-solid friction nanometer generator

Abstract

The invention provides a self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy sink device based on a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator, the device comprises a shell assembly, a magnet assembly, magnetic liquid and a signal acquisition piece, the shell assembly comprises a shell body and a guide rod, the shell body is provided with a first cavity, the inner circumferential wall of the shell body is provided with an insulating layer, and the guide rod is provided with a second cavity; the guide rod is connected with the shell body and arranged in the first cavity, the magnet assembly comprises a movable magnet, the guide rod is sleeved with the movable magnet, the movable magnet can move in the extending direction of the guide rod, the magnetic liquid is filled in the circumferential direction of the movable magnet, the shell assembly vibrates along with the vibration equipment, and the movable magnet moves and drives the magnetic liquid to move. And the signal acquisition part is used for carrying out data acquisition according to the change of the current and analyzing the motion information of the vibration equipment according to the acquired data. The device has the advantages of being simple in form, compact in structure, high in adaptability and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical fields of vibration control and vibration sensor, and in particular relates to a self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy trap device based on a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator. Background Art

[0002] Magnetic fluid is a long-lasting, stable colloid composed of a carrier fluid, micro- / nanoscale magnetic particles, and a surfactant coating the surface of the magnetic particles. The second-order suspension property of magnetic fluid means that the buoyancy of a magnet immersed in the fluid is greater than the Archimedean buoyancy. Therefore, the magnetic fluid can suspend a magnet with a specific gravity greater than that of the fluid. Magnetic fluid damping shock absorbers based on this second-order suspension property achieve damping and vibration reduction through friction and collision between the magnetic fluid and the housing, shear within the magnetic fluid, and frictional energy dissipation between the suspended object and the magnetic fluid.

[0003] The nonlinear energy sink (NES) is one of the most widely used nonlinear vibration reduction technologies. It primarily consists of nonlinear stiffness, a small added mass, and damping. Due to its nonlinear stiffness, the NES lacks a specific resonant frequency, enabling multi-frequency energy capture with the primary system, achieving broadband vibration reduction. During the vibration reduction process, the primary system's vibration energy is irreversibly transferred to the NES, where it is then dissipated by the damping within the NES. This mechanism is known as targeted energy transfer (TET). In recent years, NESs have been applied to various structures, achieving excellent vibration reduction results.

[0004] The liquid in the liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerator (LS-TENG) flows in the pipe and rubs against the inner wall to transfer charge. The motion parameters of the liquid can be detected by the electrical signal output by the triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0005] However, existing nonlinear vibration dampers lack self-sensing capabilities. Therefore, in practice, sensors and dampers must be installed simultaneously for monitoring and vibration reduction, respectively, to achieve the desired vibration reduction. Existing vibration monitoring sensors are often complex, costly, have poor anti-interference capabilities, are limited in functionality, and suffer from poor durability. Therefore, integrating mechanical system vibration suppression with vibration sensing and monitoring is a pressing challenge in the fields of vibration control and vibration sensing and monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0007] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy trap device based on a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator, which has the advantages of simple form, compact structure, strong adaptability, etc., and can simultaneously perform vibration monitoring during the vibration reduction process.

[0008] The self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy trap device based on the liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0009] A housing assembly comprising a housing body and a guide rod, the housing body being adapted to be mounted on a vibrating device, the housing body having a first chamber, an inner peripheral wall of the housing body being provided with an insulating layer, the guide rod being connected to the housing body and disposed within the first chamber, the guide rod extending in the same direction as the housing body;

[0010] A magnet assembly, the magnet assembly comprising a movable magnet, the movable magnet being sleeved on the guide rod and movable along an extension direction of the guide rod;

[0011] The liquid-solid friction nanogenerator self-sensing component includes a magnetic liquid and a signal acquisition component. The magnetic liquid is filled along the circumference of the moving magnet. The shell component vibrates with the vibration device. The moving magnet moves and drives the magnetic liquid to move, so that an electric current is generated between the magnetic liquid and the inner wall of the shell body. The signal acquisition component is used to collect data according to the change of the current and analyze the motion information of the vibration device based on the collected data.

[0012] The self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy trap device based on a liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerator in an embodiment of the present invention fills the moving magnet with magnetic liquid along its circumference, utilizing the second-class levitation property of the magnetic liquid. The magnetic liquid suspends the moving magnet. During the movement of the moving magnet, friction and collisions occur between the magnetic liquid, the moving magnet, and the housing, and shear occurs within the magnetic liquid. These processes dissipate energy, further enhancing the damping and vibration reduction effect. The signal acquisition component can capture the displacement of the moving magnet and analyze the motion information of the vibrating device based on the collected data. This provides the device with self-sensing capabilities, resolving the lack of self-sensing capabilities in existing nonlinear vibration dampers. Compared to existing vibration monitoring sensors, this device integrates vibration reduction and sensing functions, avoiding the tedious operation of simultaneously installing the sensor and vibration damper. It has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, and high functional integration, while also improving the device's anti-interference ability and durability.

[0013] In some embodiments, a first gap is defined between an inner peripheral wall of the moving magnet and an outer peripheral wall of the guide rod, and a portion of the magnetic liquid is filled in the first gap.

[0014] In some embodiments, the magnet assembly further includes a plurality of magnetic conductive parts, the number of the movable magnets is multiple, and the plurality of movable magnets are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the guide rod, a magnetic conductive part is connected between two adjacent movable magnets, and among the two adjacent movable magnets, the magnetic pole of one movable magnet adjacent to the magnetic conductive part is the same as the magnetic pole of the other movable magnet adjacent to the magnetic conductive part.

[0015] In some embodiments, the magnet assembly also includes a fixed magnet, which is connected to the shell body and is relatively arranged on both sides of the movable magnet along the extension direction of the shell body. The magnetic pole of the fixed magnet adjacent to the movable magnet is opposite to the magnetic pole of the movable magnet adjacent to the fixed magnet.

[0016] In some embodiments, the shell assembly further includes an extension portion, which is connected to the shell body, and the extension portion and the outer peripheral wall of the shell body define an annular groove, the opening of the annular groove is arranged toward the moving magnet, and the fixed magnet is adapted in the annular groove.

[0017] In some embodiments, the liquid-solid friction nanogenerator self-sensing assembly also includes an insulating shell, which is connected to the shell body and is located in the first chamber. The insulating shell has a second chamber, and the guide rod is placed in the second chamber. A second gap is defined between the outer peripheral wall of the moving magnet and the inner peripheral wall of the insulating shell, and part of the magnetic liquid is filled in the second gap.

[0018] In some embodiments, the guide rod includes a limiting section and an installation section connected in sequence, the limiting section is located at both ends of the installation section in the extension direction of the guide rod, the radial dimension of the limiting section is larger than the radial dimension of the installation section, and the movable magnet is mounted on the installation section.

[0019] In some embodiments, the second chamber includes a connected moving cavity section and an inclined cavity section, and the inclined cavity section is located at both ends of the moving cavity section in the extension direction of the guide rod. In the direction from the moving magnet to the end wall surface of the shell body, the cross-sectional area of ​​the inclined cavity section gradually decreases.

[0020] In some embodiments, in a direction directed from the moving magnet toward the end wall surface of the housing body, the mounting section is spaced apart from the angled cavity section.

[0021] In some embodiments, the distance between the fixed magnet and the moving magnet is greater than the distance between the limiting section and the moving magnet and is smaller than the distance between the inclination cavity section and the moving magnet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy trap device based on a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of point A is shown in FIG.

[0024] Reference numerals:

[0025] 100, first gap, 200, second gap,

[0026] 1. Housing assembly, 11. Housing body, 111. First chamber, 12. Guide rod, 121. Limiting section, 122. Mounting section, 13. Extension portion, 14. Support base,

[0027] 2. Magnet assembly, 21. Moving magnet, 22. Magnetic conductive element, 23. Fixed magnet,

[0028] 3. Magnetic liquid,

[0029] 4. Insulating shell, 41. Second chamber, 411. Moving chamber section, 412. Inclination chamber section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy trap device based on the liquid-solid friction nanogenerator according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: a shell component 1, a magnet component 2 and a liquid-solid friction nanogenerator self-sensing component.

[0032] The housing assembly 1 includes a housing body 11 and a guide rod 12. The housing body 11 is used to be mounted on a vibrating device. The housing body 11 has a first chamber 111. The inner peripheral wall of the housing body 11 is provided with an insulating layer. The guide rod 12 is connected to the housing body 11 and is disposed within the first chamber 111. The extension direction of the guide rod 12 is consistent with the extension direction of the housing body 11. The magnet assembly 2 includes a movable magnet 21, which is mounted on the guide rod 12 and is movable along the extension direction of the guide rod 12.

[0033] Specifically, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a support base 14 for fixing is installed at the bottom of the shell body 11, and a threaded hole is provided on the support base 14 so that the support base 14 can be fixedly connected to the vibration device by bolts or the like. The left and right ends of the guide rod 12 are fixedly connected to the end caps at both ends of the shell body 11 by bolts or the like, and the guide rod 12 is located at the center of the shell body 11 to ensure a more balanced overall structural distribution of the device. The function of the shell body 11 is to be installed on the vibration device, thereby connecting the entire device to the vibration device that needs to be damped and monitored, so that the device can sense and respond to the vibration conditions of the vibration device.

[0034] The moving magnet 21 is mounted on the guide rod 12 and is movable along the extension direction of the guide rod 12. This allows the moving magnet 21 to reciprocate on the guide rod 12 under the action of vibration. At the same time, the guide rod 12 limits the movement direction of the moving magnet 21, ensuring the stability and predictability of its movement.

[0035] The liquid-solid friction nanogenerator self-sensing component includes a magnetic liquid 3 and a signal acquisition component. The magnetic liquid 3 is filled along the circumference of the moving magnet 21, and the signal acquisition component can be used.

[0036] The liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerator self-sensing assembly includes a magnetic liquid 3 and a signal acquisition component. The magnetic liquid 3 is filled along the circumference of a moving magnet 21. As the housing assembly 1 vibrates with the vibration device, the moving magnet 21 moves, driving the magnetic liquid 3 with it. This disrupts the electrostatic equilibrium between the moving magnet 21 and the inner wall of the housing body 11, triggering a redistribution of positive and negative charges in the electrodes. The movement of positive and negative charges creates a charge density imbalance on the two electrodes, leading to the generation of current. The signal acquisition component collects data based on the changes in current and analyzes the vibration device's motion information based on the collected data.

[0037] It should be noted that the insulating layer provided on the inner circumferential wall of the housing body 11 can be made of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene). The magnetic fluid 3 is an oil-based magnetic fluid. Furthermore, depending on the usage scenario, the length of the housing body 11 and the number of movable magnets 21 can be varied, thereby changing the travel range of the movable magnets 21 to accommodate varying degrees of vibration.

[0038] In other words, the self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy trap device based on a liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerator in the embodiment of the present invention fills the moving magnet 21 with magnetic liquid 3 circumferentially, utilizing the second-type levitation property of the magnetic liquid 3. The magnetic liquid 3 suspends the moving magnet 21. During the movement of the moving magnet 21, friction and collisions occur between the magnetic liquid 3, the moving magnet 21, and the housing, as well as shearing within the magnetic liquid 3. These processes dissipate energy, further enhancing the damping and vibration reduction effect. The signal acquisition component can capture the displacement of the moving magnet 21 and analyze the motion information of the vibrating device based on the collected data. This provides the device with self-sensing capabilities, resolving the lack of self-sensing capabilities found in existing nonlinear vibration dampers. Compared to existing vibration monitoring sensors, this device integrates vibration reduction and sensing functions, avoiding the tedious installation of both the sensor and the damper. This offers the advantages of a simple structure, low cost, and high functional integration, while also improving the device's anti-interference capabilities and durability.

[0039] In other words, the friction between the magnetic fluid 3 and the insulating layer in the liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerator self-sensing unit generates charge transfer, and the motion parameters of the permanent magnet inertial mass can be detected through the electrical signal output by the triboelectric nanogenerator, thereby achieving the dual functions of vibration control and sensing monitoring. Optionally, a data acquisition unit can collect real-time data on the changes in the electrical signal output by the liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerator, and analyze and process the data using LabVIEW software to obtain the motion parameters of the measured structure.

[0040] In some embodiments, a first gap 100 is defined between the inner circumferential wall of the moving magnet 21 and the outer circumferential wall of the guide rod 12, and the magnetic liquid 3 is partially filled in the first gap 100. It is understood that the magnetic liquid 3 can be filled in the first gap 100, so that the moving magnet 21 is subjected to a radial suspension force and is suspended on the guide rail, forming liquid friction between the two.

[0041] In other words, because the magnetic fluid 3 suspends the moving magnet 21 above the guide rod 12, direct solid contact between the moving magnet 21 and the guide rod 12 is avoided, transforming traditional solid friction into liquid friction. Liquid friction has relatively low friction and effectively reduces wear caused by friction between solids. This not only extends the service life of the moving magnet 21 and the guide rod 12, but also ensures the stability and reliability of the device during long-term operation, allowing the vibration reduction function to continue to function effectively.

[0042] In some embodiments, the magnet assembly 2 also includes a plurality of magnetic conductive parts 22, and there are multiple moving magnets 21. The multiple moving magnets 21 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the guide rod 12. A magnetic conductive part 22 is connected between two adjacent moving magnets 21, and in two adjacent moving magnets 21, the magnetic pole of one moving magnet 21 adjacent to the magnetic conductive part 22 is the same as the magnetic pole of the other moving magnet 21 adjacent to the magnetic conductive part 22.

[0043] Specifically, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, multiple moving magnets 21 and multiple magnetic conductive members 22 are arranged alternately at intervals, so that the magnetic fields of the moving magnets 21 are superimposed, and the local magnetic field is enhanced. Specifically, the magnetic conductive members 22 (e.g., soft magnetic material) act as low-resistance paths for magnetic flux lines, directing the magnetic fields of adjacent like-pole magnetic poles into the magnetic conductive members 22, forming a closed magnetic circuit. This causes the magnetic conductive members 22 to concentrate the magnetic flux lines, increasing the magnetic field strength near the poles.

[0044] As can be understood, the inherent repulsive force between the like poles of adjacent magnets acts together to cause the overall structure composed of the moving magnet 21 and the magnetic permeable member 22 to exhibit nonlinear force-displacement characteristics similar to a spring, further making it suitable for buffering or vibration control. Furthermore, under external disturbances, the magnetic force of the moving magnet 21 and the restraint of the magnetic permeable member 22 form a restoring force, which tends to return the overall structure to an equilibrium position.

[0045] In some embodiments, the magnet assembly 2 also includes a fixed magnet 23, which is connected to the shell body 11 and is relatively arranged on both sides of the movable magnet 21 along the extension direction of the shell body 11. The magnetic pole of the fixed magnet 23 adjacent to the movable magnet 21 is opposite to the magnetic pole of the movable magnet 21 adjacent to the fixed magnet 23.

[0046] Specifically, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the fixed magnet 23 is annular in shape and is mounted on the outer peripheral wall of the housing body 11. Two fixed magnets 23 are provided, one at each end of the housing body 11. The distance between the two fixed magnets 23 defines the maximum displacement of the movable magnet 21. This means that the spacing between the fixed magnets 23 can be varied according to actual operating conditions, thereby correspondingly increasing the number or size of the movable magnets 21 to achieve vibration absorber structures with different nonlinear characteristics.

[0047] It is understood that when there is no external vibration, the moving magnet 21 is constrained to the center of the housing body 11 by the interaction of the attractive forces of the fixed magnets 23 at its ends. When external vibration occurs, the moving magnet 21, under the action of inertia, moves axially relative to the housing body 11. During this movement, the viscous damping force of the magnetic fluid 3 dissipates vibration energy, thereby achieving the purpose of vibration reduction.

[0048] In other words, by varying the distance between the moving magnet 21 and the fixed magnet 23 according to actual operating conditions, a nonlinear energy well structure with varying magneto-nonlinear characteristics can be obtained for the magnetic fluid 3. Furthermore, the axial magnetization between the fixed magnet 23 and the moving magnet 21 forms a bistable structure, effectively broadening the system's operating bandwidth.

[0049] Optionally, the fixed magnet 23 may be made of a strong magnetic material such as neodymium iron boron (NdFeB).

[0050] In some embodiments, the shell assembly 1 also includes an extension portion 13, which is connected to the shell body 11, and the extension portion 13 and the outer peripheral wall of the shell body 11 define an annular groove, the opening of the annular groove is arranged toward the movable magnet 21, and the fixed magnet 23 is adapted in the annular groove.

[0051] Specifically, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the extension portion 13 is annular in shape, one end of the extension portion 13 is connected to the end of the shell body 11, and the extension portion 13 extends toward the center of the shell body 11. An annular groove arranged around the shell body 11 is formed between the extension portion 13 and the side wall of the shell body 11 to facilitate the installation of the fixed magnet 23 in the annular groove.

[0052] It is understood that the extension direction of the extension portion 13 is adapted to the overall size of the fixed magnet 23, allowing the fixed magnet 23 to be fixed within the annular groove, thereby ensuring that the fixed magnet 23 can be stably fixed to the housing body 11. In addition, in the radial direction of the housing body 11, the extension portion 13 can also serve as a protective structure for the fixed magnet 23, preventing the fixed magnet 23 from being damaged during use and causing equipment monitoring failures.

[0053] In some embodiments, the liquid-solid friction nanogenerator self-sensing assembly also includes an insulating shell 4, which is connected to the shell body 11 and is located in the first chamber 111. The insulating shell 4 has a second chamber 41, and the guide rod 12 is placed in the second chamber 41. A second gap 200 is defined between the outer peripheral wall of the moving magnet 21 and the inner peripheral wall of the insulating shell 4, and part of the magnetic liquid 3 is filled in the second gap 200.

[0054] Specifically, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the insulating housing 4 is a cylindrical housing, fixedly connected to the housing body 11, and placed in the first chamber 111 of the housing body 11. The guide rod 12 is placed in the second chamber 41, so that the moving magnet 21 is also placed in the second chamber 41. As a result, the insulating housing 4 and the internal components form an integrated structure, which facilitates subsequent installation and maintenance.

[0055] It is understood that when the magnetic fluid 3 fills the second gap 200, as the moving magnet 21 moves on the guide rod 12, friction and collision between the magnetic fluid 3 and the outer wall of the moving magnet 21 and the inner wall of the insulating housing 4 occur, as well as internal shearing. This further increases the area and mode of energy dissipation. Compared to relying solely on the vibration-damping effect of the magnetic fluid 3 in the first gap 100, the magnetic fluid 3 in the second gap 200 can dissipate additional vibration energy, significantly enhancing the damping and vibration reduction effect of the entire device, reducing the friction coefficient between the permanent magnet inertial mass and the wall, and improving the vibration sensitivity of the vibration absorber.

[0056] Furthermore, the presence of the insulating housing 4 provides a relatively independent and stable space for the magnetic fluid 3 and the moving magnet 21, reducing external interference with the movement of the magnetic fluid 3 and the moving magnet 21. This allows the signal acquisition component to more stably capture signals related to the displacement of the moving magnet 21, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of the sensing.

[0057] In some embodiments, the guide rod 12 includes a limiting section 121 and an installation section 122 connected in sequence. The limiting section 121 is located at both ends of the installation section 122 in the extension direction of the guide rod 12. The radial dimension of the limiting section 121 is larger than the radial dimension of the installation section 122, and the movable magnet 21 is mounted on the installation section 122.

[0058] It is understandable that if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the limiting section 121 is located at both ends of the mounting section 122. The radial dimension of the limiting section 121 is larger than the radial dimension of the mounting section 122, which can limit the distance that the moving magnet 21 moves on the guide rod 12, thereby preventing the moving magnet 21 from moving a large distance on the guide rod 12 and ensuring the recovery effect of the moving magnet 21.

[0059] In some embodiments, the second chamber 41 includes a connected moving cavity section 411 and an inclination cavity section 412, and the inclination cavity section 412 is located at both ends of the moving cavity section 411 in the extension direction of the guide rod 12. In the direction from the moving magnet 21 to the end wall surface of the shell body 11, the cross-sectional area of ​​the inclination cavity section 412 gradually decreases.

[0060] It is understood that the inclination cavity section 412 is located on the left and right sides of the moving cavity section 411, and the longitudinal cross-sectional profile of the inclination cavity section 412 is generally conical or inclined, that is, it is used to form a "restoring force inclination." When the moving magnet 21 deviates from the equilibrium position due to vibration, it moves toward the inclination cavity section 412, causing the magnetic field gradient between the moving magnet 21 and the insulating shell 4 to increase. The change in the magnetic field gradient generates a nonlinear magnetic force, pushing the magnet back to its original position. At the same time, the structural inclination is reset with the assistance of mechanical constraints.

[0061] In other words, the tilt cavity section 412 adopts a restoring force tilt structure design, integrating magnetic nonlinearity and mechanical constraints, which not only significantly improves the vibration energy absorption efficiency, but also has high reliability and compactness.

[0062] In some embodiments, in a direction directed from the moving magnet 21 toward the end wall surface of the housing body 11 , the mounting section 122 is spaced apart from the angled cavity section 412 .

[0063] It is understandable that if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the inclination cavity section 412 is located at the end of the second cavity 41 and has a certain distance from the mounting section 122, so that the moving magnet 21 contacts the limit section 121 during the movement, that is, the moving magnet 21 moves to the maximum stroke in the mounting section 122. At this time, due to the gap between the inclination cavity section 412 and the mounting section 122, the magnetic liquid 3 moving with the moving magnet 21 tends to flow toward the inclination cavity section 412. Since the structure of the inclination cavity section 412 is a restoring force inclination structure, a certain obstruction is generated to the magnetic liquid 3, thereby providing a reset restoring force for the moving magnet 21.

[0064] In some embodiments, the distance between the fixed magnet 23 and the moving magnet 21 is greater than the distance between the limiting section 121 and the moving magnet 21 and is smaller than the distance between the inclination cavity section 412 and the moving magnet 21 .

[0065] It is understandable that the fixed magnet 23, the limiting section 121 and the inclination cavity section 412 have an impact on the movable magnet 21 at different distances, and jointly achieve a vibration reduction effect. The limiting section 121 is close to the movable magnet 21, and can play a limiting and buffering role in time when the movable magnet 21 vibrates slightly, limiting its excessive deviation. There is a certain distance between the fixed magnet 23 and the movable magnet 21, and the magnetic field interaction between them can provide a nonlinear restoring force for the movement of the movable magnet 21. When the movable magnet 21 vibrates, the magnetic field force of the fixed magnet 23 will hinder its movement and dissipate the vibration energy. The inclination cavity section 412 is relatively far away from the movable magnet 21, and only comes into play when the movable magnet 21 vibrates greatly and approaches it, further enhancing the buffering and vibration reduction effect by compressing the magnetic liquid 3. The three cooperate with each other to effectively dissipate vibration energy at different vibration amplitudes, thereby improving the vibration reduction performance and adaptability of the device.

[0066] Furthermore, due to the different distances between each component and the moving magnet 21, they can function at different vibration stages. The limiting segment 121 functions during small-displacement vibrations, the fixed magnet 23 dissipates energy through magnetic field forces during medium-displacement vibrations, and the angled cavity segment 412 functions during large-displacement vibrations. This staged energy dissipation mechanism enables the device to more comprehensively handle vibrations of varying amplitudes, expanding the range of energy dissipation and improving the overall vibration reduction effect.

[0067] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0068] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0069] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0070] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0071] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0072] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy trap device based on liquid-solid friction nanogenerator, characterized in that: include: A housing assembly comprising a housing body and a guide rod, the housing body being adapted to be mounted on a vibrating device, the housing body having a first chamber, an inner peripheral wall of the housing body being provided with an insulating layer, the guide rod being connected to the housing body and disposed within the first chamber, the guide rod extending in the same direction as the housing body; A magnet assembly, the magnet assembly comprising a movable magnet, the movable magnet being sleeved on the guide rod and movable along an extension direction of the guide rod; The liquid-solid friction nanogenerator self-sensing component includes a magnetic liquid and a signal acquisition component. The magnetic liquid is filled along the circumference of the moving magnet. The shell component vibrates with the vibration device. The moving magnet moves and drives the magnetic liquid to move, so that an electric current is generated between the magnetic liquid and the inner wall of the shell body. The signal acquisition component is used to collect data according to the change of the current and analyze the motion information of the vibration device based on the collected data.

2. The self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy trap device based on liquid-solid friction nanogenerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first gap is defined between an inner peripheral wall of the moving magnet and an outer peripheral wall of the guide rod, and a portion of the magnetic liquid is filled in the first gap.

3. The self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy trap device based on liquid-solid friction nanogenerator according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The magnet assembly also includes a plurality of magnetic conductive parts, and there are a plurality of movable magnets, which are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the guide rod. A magnetic conductive part is connected between two adjacent movable magnets, and among the two adjacent movable magnets, the magnetic pole of one movable magnet adjacent to the magnetic conductive part is the same as the magnetic pole of the other movable magnet adjacent to the magnetic conductive part.

4. The self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy trap device based on liquid-solid friction nanogenerator according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The magnet assembly also includes a fixed magnet, which is connected to the shell body and is relatively arranged on both sides of the moving magnet along the extension direction of the shell body. The magnetic pole of the fixed magnet adjacent to the moving magnet is opposite to the magnetic pole of the moving magnet adjacent to the fixed magnet.

5. The self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy trap device based on liquid-solid friction nanogenerator according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The housing assembly further includes an extension portion connected to the housing body. The extension portion and the outer peripheral wall of the housing body define an annular groove, the opening of the annular groove is arranged toward the moving magnet, and the fixed magnet is adapted in the annular groove.

6. The self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy trap device based on liquid-solid friction nanogenerator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The liquid-solid friction nanogenerator self-sensing component also includes an insulating shell, which is connected to the shell body and is located in the first chamber. The insulating shell has a second chamber, and the guide rod is placed in the second chamber. A second gap is defined between the outer peripheral wall of the moving magnet and the inner peripheral wall of the insulating shell, and part of the magnetic liquid is filled in the second gap.

7. The self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy trap device based on liquid-solid friction nanogenerator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide rod includes a limiting section and an installation section connected in sequence. The limiting sections are located at both ends of the installation section in the extension direction of the guide rod. The radial dimension of the limiting section is larger than the radial dimension of the installation section. The movable magnet is mounted on the installation section.

8. The self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy trap device based on liquid-solid friction nanogenerator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second chamber includes a connected moving cavity section and an inclined cavity section, wherein the inclined cavity section is located at both ends of the moving cavity section in the extension direction of the guide rod, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the inclined cavity section gradually decreases in the direction from the moving magnet to the end wall surface of the shell body.

9. The self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy trap device based on liquid-solid friction nanogenerator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mounting section is spaced apart from the tilt cavity section in a direction directed from the moving magnet toward the end wall surface of the housing body.

10. The self-sensing magnetic liquid nonlinear energy trap device based on liquid-solid friction nanogenerator according to claim 9, characterized in that: The distance between the fixed magnet and the moving magnet is greater than the distance between the limiting section and the moving magnet and is smaller than the distance between the inclination cavity section and the moving magnet.

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