Deep surrounding rock composite support structure simulation test method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a deep surrounding rock composite supporting structure simulation test method and system, and relates to the field of underground engineering excavation supporting, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the parameters of a to-be-simulated deep surrounding rock, the deep surrounding rock comprising a composite supporting structure; based on the parameters, sequentially constructing a template frame, constructing a surrounding rock excavation support, arranging a multi-field monitoring module, constructing a water seepage pressure simulation module, constructing a temperature simulation module and loading a rigid stacking plate to obtain a three-dimensional similar simulation test model; a three-dimensional similar simulation test model is utilized to simulate multi-field coupling conditions of high temperature, high surrounding rock stress and high seepage pressure, and temperature, seepage pressure and surrounding rock pressure information are monitored through a sensor; according to the invention, three-field coupling conditions of a temperature field, a seepage field and a stress field for deep surrounding rock engineering excavation can be realized, and compared with a traditional simulation test under single-field and two-field environmental conditions, the simulation test is more suitable for actual engineering, and the test effect is more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of underground engineering excavation support, and in particular to a simulation test method and system for a deep surrounding rock composite support structure. Background Art

[0002] Deep rock projects such as surrounding rocks of various types of roadways, tunnels, and chambers are often faced with the coupling of high temperature, high surrounding rock stress and high seepage water pressure. At present, a functional foam concrete filling layer is pre-set between the surrounding rock and the internal support to form a functional composite support body, which is an effective way to perform heat resistance, pressure relief, and anti-seepage.

[0003] This support system requires indoor simulation and optimization. Existing similarity tests for deep surrounding rock support and monitoring under multi-field coupling conditions are limited to addressing one or two hazards, such as high temperature, high surrounding rock stress, and high water pressure, and are therefore not suitable for multi-field coupling conditions in deep rock mass engineering. Multi-field coupling deep surrounding rock similarity tests present challenges such as difficulty in construction and mismatched monitoring systems. Conventional two-dimensional similarity tests do not conform to actual engineering conditions, making multi-field coupling similarity tests and monitoring even more difficult to conduct. Furthermore, the patterns or parameters obtained from these tests are difficult to effectively guide and optimize in-situ engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a simulation test method and system for deep surrounding rock composite support structure, which can realize the three-field coupling conditions of temperature field, seepage field and stress field in deep surrounding rock engineering excavation. Compared with traditional single-field and two-field simulation tests of environmental conditions, it is more in line with actual engineering and the test results are more accurate.

[0005] According to some embodiments, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A simulation test method for a deep surrounding rock composite support structure, comprising: Acquiring parameters of deep surrounding rock to be simulated, wherein the deep surrounding rock includes a composite support structure; Based on the parameters, the formwork frame, surrounding rock excavation support, multi-field monitoring module, water seepage pressure simulation module, temperature simulation module and rigid loading plate were constructed in sequence to obtain a three-dimensional similarity simulation test model. A three-dimensional similarity simulation test model is used to simulate the multi-field coupling conditions of high temperature, high surrounding rock stress, and high seepage water pressure, and the temperature, seepage pressure, and surrounding rock pressure information are monitored through sensors.

[0006] According to some embodiments, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A simulation test system for deep surrounding rock composite support structure, comprising: An acquisition module is configured to: acquire parameters of a deep surrounding rock to be simulated, wherein the deep surrounding rock includes a composite support structure; The construction module is configured to: construct the formwork frame, construct the surrounding rock excavation support, deploy the multi-field monitoring module, construct the seepage pressure simulation module, construct the temperature simulation module, and load the rigid loading plate in sequence based on the parameters to obtain a three-dimensional similarity simulation test model; The simulation module is configured to: use a three-dimensional similarity simulation test model to simulate high temperature, high surrounding rock stress, and high seepage water pressure multi-field coupling conditions, and monitor temperature, seepage pressure, and surrounding rock pressure information through sensors.

[0007] According to some embodiments, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A computer program product includes a computer program, which implements a simulation test method for a deep surrounding rock composite support structure when executed by a processor.

[0008] According to some embodiments, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is used to store computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by a processor, a simulation test method for a deep surrounding rock composite support structure is implemented.

[0009] According to some embodiments, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An electronic device comprises: a processor, a memory and a computer program; wherein the processor is connected to the memory, the computer program is stored in the memory, and when the electronic device is running, the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory, so that the electronic device performs the simulation test method of a deep surrounding rock composite support structure.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a simulation test method and system for deep surrounding rock composite support structures. By utilizing the design of various modules and construction steps of a three-dimensional similar simulation test model, the three-field coupling conditions of temperature field, seepage field, and stress field can be achieved for deep surrounding rock engineering excavation. Compared with traditional simulation tests with single-field or two-field environmental conditions, the method is more consistent with actual engineering and has more accurate test results. Specifically: By using similar materials and through the actual construction process, a three-dimensional similarity simulation test model is constructed to realize three-dimensional similarity simulation tests under multi-field coupling conditions. Compared with the traditional two-dimensional test model, the excavation, support and stress conditions are more accurate, and the laws obtained by simulation are more in line with the actual project, which is conducive to the optimized design of the actual project.

[0011] By setting up stress condition simulation module, temperature simulation module and seepage pressure simulation module, similar simulation tests can be carried out under any two or single conditions of temperature field, seepage field and stress field of deep surrounding rock engineering excavation. Compared with traditional test equipment, it is more flexible and universal.

[0012] In response to multi-field coupling conditions, seepage pressure gauges, temperature and humidity sensors, and pressure sensors are deployed to form a three-dimensional monitoring module, which solves the problem of difficult data collection under multi-field coupling conditions and makes data collection for complex test scenarios more comprehensive and accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a side view of the three-dimensional similar simulation test model of Example 1.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a top view of the three-dimensional similar simulation test model of Example 1.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor layout for the first monitoring section of Example 1.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor layout of the second monitoring section of Example 1.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a model barrel diagram of the prefabricated anchoring layer and foam concrete filling layer of Example 1.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a top view of the template frame of the three-dimensional similar simulation test model of Example 1.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a spatial view of the template frame of the three-dimensional similar simulation test model of Example 1.

[0021] In the figure: 101. Heating plate, 102. Insulation shell, 103. Water tank, 104. Water pump, 105. Flow and water pressure gauge, 106. Data acquisition device, 107. Temperature controller, 108. Water-bearing sand body, 109. Hard water pipe, 110. Cable, 111. Bottom elevation of water-bearing sand body, 112. Top elevation of water-bearing sand body, 2. Surrounding rock excavation section, 201. Surrounding rock body, 202. Surrounding rock anchoring layer, 203. Foam concrete backfill layer, 204. U-shaped bracket, 205. Seepage pressure gauge with temperature measurement, 206. Temperature and humidity sensor, 207. Pressure sensor with temperature measurement, 208. PVC model bucket, 209. Lower edge of surrounding rock excavation section, 301. Rigid template, 302. Bolt with bolt hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "comprising" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0025] Example 1 One embodiment of the present invention provides a simulation test method for a deep surrounding rock composite support structure, comprising: Step S1: obtaining parameters of the deep surrounding rock to be simulated, wherein the deep surrounding rock includes a composite support structure; Step S2: Based on the parameters, the formwork frame is constructed, the surrounding rock excavation support is constructed, the multi-field monitoring module is deployed, the water seepage pressure simulation module is constructed, the temperature simulation module is constructed, and the rigid loading plate is loaded to obtain a three-dimensional similarity simulation test model; Step S3: Using a three-dimensional similarity simulation test model, simulate the multi-field coupling conditions of high temperature, high surrounding rock stress, and high seepage water pressure, and monitor the temperature, seepage pressure, and surrounding rock pressure information through sensors.

[0026] As an embodiment, a simulation test method for a deep surrounding rock composite support structure of the present invention includes two processes: a process of constructing a three-dimensional similarity simulation test model and a process of performing a multi-field coupling test using the constructed three-dimensional similarity simulation test model, which are described in detail below: 1. Construction process of three-dimensional similarity simulation test model 1. Structure of three-dimensional similarity simulation test model like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown in Figure 1, the three-dimensional similarity simulation test model consists of a stress condition simulation module, a surrounding rock excavation support module, a temperature simulation module, a seepage pressure simulation module, and a multi-field monitoring module.

[0027] (1) The stress condition simulation module includes formwork frame and rigid loading plate; The template frame is composed of four rigid templates 301 connected end to end to form a rectangular frame, and the rigid template 301 is locked at both ends with bolts 302; the rectangular frame can accommodate similar materials to build models, and multiple frames can be stacked one by one as similar materials are stacked inside.

[0028] The rigid loading plate is a rigid plate that matches the plane dimensions of a three-dimensional similar simulation test model, and can be evenly loaded according to test requirements.

[0029] (2) The surrounding rock excavation support module includes a surrounding rock excavation section 2, a surrounding rock anchoring layer 201, a U-shaped bracket 204, a foam concrete filling layer 203, a surrounding rock mass 201, and an air bag; When building a three-dimensional similarity simulation test model, the surrounding rock excavation section 2 reserves space according to the similarity ratio of the actual project size.

[0030] The surrounding rock anchoring layer 202 is a rock mass range supported and reinforced in a similar ratio according to the actual project size. The surrounding rock anchoring layer 202 is prefabricated in advance in similar sizes and shapes using pre-customized inner and outer PVC model barrels 208, and is prefabricated in sections.

[0031] The U-shaped support 204 is a support for a similar simulation test excavation section determined according to the actual similarity ratio of the project.

[0032] The airbag is filled in the U-shaped bracket 204 area to provide temporary support.

[0033] The foam concrete filling layer 203 is the middle layer between the surrounding rock anchoring layer 202 and the U-shaped bracket 204 in the surrounding rock excavation section support; the foam concrete filling layer 203 is also made using the pre-customized PVC model barrel 208, and the anchor body is used as the outer barrel to prefabricate the foam concrete filling layer 203 in sections.

[0034] The surrounding rock mass 201 is a similar material portion outside the surrounding rock excavation section 2 and the surrounding rock anchoring layer 202 in the three-dimensional similarity simulation test model.

[0035] (3) The temperature simulation module includes a heating plate 101, a heat-insulating shell 102, and a temperature controller 107; The heating plate 101 is a constant temperature heating plate with a built-in heating wire, which is laid on the left and right sides of the three-dimensional similar model. The insulation shell 102 is a polyurethane insulation board, which is laid on the front and back of the three-dimensional similar model. The temperature controller 107 is connected to the power supply to control the temperature of the heating plate 101.

[0036] (4) The water seepage pressure simulation module includes a water delivery device and a water-bearing sand body 108; The water delivery device includes a water tank 103 , a water pump 104 , and a flow and water pressure gauge 105 , which are sequentially connected by a hard water pipe 109 to deliver pressurized water to the water-containing sand body 108 .

[0037] The water-bearing sand body 108 includes an upper surface and a surrounding waterproof shell, and a lower surface that is a water-permeable filter membrane. The weight of the sand body is consistent with the weight of the surrounding rock.

[0038] (5) The multi-field monitoring system includes a seepage pressure gauge 205 with temperature measurement, a temperature and humidity sensor 206, a pressure sensor 207 with temperature measurement, a data collector, a computer, a cable 110, and two sections to be monitored.

[0039] The first monitoring section has a seepage pressure gauge 205 with temperature measurement, which is arranged between the foam concrete filling layer 203 and the surrounding rock anchoring layer 202. The temperature and humidity sensor 206 is arranged between the U-shaped bracket 204 and the foam concrete filling layer 203. The pressure sensor 207 with temperature measurement is arranged between the surrounding rock anchoring layer 202 and the surrounding rock body 201.

[0040] The pressure sensor 207 with temperature measurement at the second monitoring section is arranged between the U-shaped bracket 204 and the foam concrete filling layer 203, between the foam concrete filling layer 203 and the surrounding rock anchoring layer 202, and between the surrounding rock anchoring layer 202 and the surrounding rock body 201.

[0041] The sensor is connected to the data acquisition device 106 via a corresponding cable 110 and then to the computer.

[0042] 2. Construction process The three-dimensional similarity simulation test model of the above structure is constructed according to a certain sequence. The construction process is described below.

[0043] Obtain the parameters of the deep surrounding rock to be simulated in advance, including the size, bulk density, stress and strength, and permeability coefficient of the deep surrounding rock. Use the set geometric similarity ratio, bulk density similarity ratio, stress and strength similarity ratio, and permeability coefficient similarity ratio to calculate the size, bulk density, stress and strength, and permeability coefficient of the model to be constructed.

[0044] As a specific example, calculations revealed the model dimensions of 1.5m × 1.0m × 1.5m in length, width, and height. Similarity simulation tests established a geometric similarity ratio of 50, a bulk density similarity ratio of 2, a stress and strength similarity ratio of 100, and a permeability coefficient similarity ratio of 10. Based on the measured rock stratum mechanical parameters, the specific proportions of similar materials corresponding to the surrounding rock mass 201, surrounding rock anchoring layer 202, and foam concrete backfill layer 203 were determined. Equivalent loading was used to replace the overburden beyond six times the roadway dimensions from the roadway vault to the model's top boundary. The required masses of quartz sand, gypsum, and lime were calculated based on the similar model dimensions and material proportions. Using quartz sand, gypsum, and lime, a similar material was prepared according to the specific proportions of similar materials to simulate the surrounding rock. The following construction process was performed: Step 1: Build a three-dimensional similar simulation test model base like Figure 6 、 Figure 7 As shown, four rigid templates 301 are connected end to end through bolt holes and bolts 302 to form a rectangular frame, namely a template frame, which is used to construct the entire model, including the base, from the base upwards until the model is completed.

[0045] The base is constructed according to the similarity principle. The model base is built in a rectangular frame using similar materials prepared in advance (i.e., quartz sand, gypsum, and lime). Multiple rectangular frames can be stacked one by one as similar materials are piled up inside, and built layer by layer to the lower edge 209 of the surrounding rock excavation section.

[0046] The similarity principle here refers to the similarity simulation experiment principle. Similarity simulation is an important scientific research method. It is to make a model similar to the prototype in the laboratory according to the similarity principle, observe the mechanical parameters and their distribution laws in the model with the help of test instruments, and use the results of the study on the model to infer the mechanical phenomena that may occur in the prototype and the laws of rock pressure distribution, so as to solve practical problems in rock engineering production.

[0047] Step 2: Prefabricate the tunnel excavation section of the 3D similarity simulation test model The construction sequence for the tunnel excavation section is as follows: first, prefabricate the surrounding rock anchoring layer 202, then prefabricate the foam concrete filling layer 203, and finally, attach and place the tunnel's U-shaped support 204. For ease of operation, the anchoring layer, filling layer, and support are all laid out in sections along the excavation direction.

[0048] The surrounding rock anchoring layer 202 of the roadway is customized as follows Figure 5 The PVC model barrel 208 shown is prefabricated in advance using a model barrel in a similar size and shape. The anchoring layer space formed by the model barrel and the surrounding rock is filled with similar materials corresponding to the anchoring layer. After forming, the model barrel is removed and the prefabrication of the sections is completed.

[0049] The foamed concrete filling layer 203 is the intermediate layer between the surrounding rock anchoring layer 202 and the U-shaped support 204 in the tunnel surrounding rock excavation section support. The foamed concrete filling layer 203 is also prefabricated using a custom-sized PVC model barrel 208. The prefabricated surrounding rock anchoring layer 202 and the custom-sized PVC model barrel 208 create a space that is filled with foamed concrete to form a fitted foamed concrete filling layer 203. Once formed, the model barrel is removed, completing the prefabrication process.

[0050] The U-shaped support 204 of the tunnel is a support of a similar simulated test tunnel excavation section determined according to the actual similarity ratio of the project, and is fitted into the foam concrete filling layer 203 in sections.

[0051] Step 3: Construct a 3D similar simulation test model of the tunnel excavation section and deploy monitoring sensors like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown in the figure, after the tunnel excavation sections were fully prefabricated, they were placed in sections at corresponding locations on the overall model, along with sensors. Sensors were placed in two sections in order: between the U-shaped bracket 204 and the foamed concrete filling layer 203, between the foamed concrete filling layer 203 and the surrounding rock anchoring layer 202, and between the surrounding rock anchoring layer 202 and the surrounding rock mass 201. The specific locations are shown in Table 1.

[0052] Table 1 Lane sensor layout plan

[0053] After all tunnel excavation sections and sensor installation are completed, the output cable 110 is extended to the outside of the test model, and the airbag is placed in the U-shaped bracket 204 area for temporary support. The other parts of the model made of similar materials are continued to be built, filling the template frame of this layer, and continuing to build to the bottom surface elevation 111 of the water-bearing sand body of the seepage pressure simulation system.

[0054] Step 4: Build a water seepage pressure simulation module The upper and surrounding surfaces of the water-bearing sand body 108 are covered with a waterproof shell, while the lower surface is a permeable filter membrane. A hard water pipe 109 is pre-buried and injected 10 cm from the tunnel top. The pipe head is wrapped with a 20 cm × 10 cm × 10 cm water-bearing sand body 108, and the interface with the waterproof shell is sealed with strong glue. The weight of the sand is consistent with that of the surrounding rock mass, and the masonry model is continued to the top surface of the water-bearing sand body at elevation 112.

[0055] Step 5: Build a temperature simulation module After the model is cured, the rigid template 301 is removed from top to bottom. The heating plate 101 contains a constant temperature heating wire and is laid on the left and right sides of the three-dimensional similar overall model. The insulation shell 102 is a polyurethane insulation board and is laid on the front, back and top surfaces of the three-dimensional similar model.

[0056] Step 6: Connect the sensor, power supply, and water tank 103 Various sensors, data acquisition instrument 106, temperature controller 107, water pump 104, flow and water pressure gauge 105, water tank 103 Figure 2 Connect power supply and computer. Wherein the water tank 103 on the water injection pipe side is for providing water source, and the other water tank 103 is for collecting seepage water.

[0057] Step 7: Load the rigid loading plate A rigid loading plate is placed on the top surface of the model, and the load with a greater burial depth is loaded on the rigid loading plate according to a similar principle.

[0058] 2. Use the constructed three-dimensional similarity simulation test model to conduct multi-field coupling test process After the construction model is cured, the rigid formwork 301 is removed layer by layer, and then the test is carried out. The specific process is as follows: The simulated load capacity for the actual underground engineering depth was calculated based on the similarity ratio and then applied to a rigid loading plate to simulate the stress environment. The temperature controller 107 and data acquisition device 106 were then sequentially activated to heat the model to the designed value. The water pump 104 was activated to raise the flow pressure gauge 105 to the designed value, and the airbag 401 was removed. The data collected by the data acquisition device 106, including the seepage pressure gauge 205 with attached temperature measurement, the temperature and humidity sensor 206, and the pressure sensor 207 with attached temperature measurement, were used to statistically analyze the surrounding rock pressure, seepage pressure, and temperature field data of the similar simulation test model.

[0059] Example 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, a simulation test system for a deep surrounding rock composite support structure is provided, comprising: An acquisition module is configured to: acquire parameters of a deep surrounding rock to be simulated, wherein the deep surrounding rock includes a composite support structure; The construction module is configured to: construct the formwork frame, construct the surrounding rock excavation support, deploy the multi-field monitoring module, construct the seepage pressure simulation module, construct the temperature simulation module, and load the rigid loading plate in sequence based on the parameters to obtain a three-dimensional similarity simulation test model; The simulation module is configured to: use a three-dimensional similarity simulation test model to simulate high temperature, high surrounding rock stress, and high seepage water pressure multi-field coupling conditions, and monitor temperature, seepage pressure, and surrounding rock pressure information through sensors.

[0060] Example 3 In one embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements the simulation test method for a deep surrounding rock composite support structure.

[0061] Example 4 In one embodiment of the present invention, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided, which is used to store computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the simulation test method of a deep surrounding rock composite support structure is implemented.

[0062] Example 5 In one embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a processor, a memory, and a computer program; wherein the processor is connected to the memory, and the computer program is stored in the memory. When the electronic device is running, the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory, so that the electronic device executes the deep surrounding rock composite support structure simulation test method.

[0063] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of processes and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0064] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0065] Although the above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without any creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation test method for deep surrounding rock composite support structure, characterized in that: include: Acquiring parameters of deep surrounding rock to be simulated, wherein the deep surrounding rock includes a composite support structure; Based on the parameters, the formwork frame, surrounding rock excavation support, multi-field monitoring module, water seepage pressure simulation module, temperature simulation module and rigid loading plate were constructed in sequence to obtain a three-dimensional similarity simulation test model. A three-dimensional similarity simulation test model is used to simulate the multi-field coupling conditions of high temperature, high surrounding rock stress, and high seepage water pressure, and the temperature, seepage pressure, and surrounding rock pressure information are monitored through sensors.

2. A simulation test method for a deep surrounding rock composite support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional similarity simulation test model consists of a stress condition simulation module, a surrounding rock excavation support module, a temperature simulation module, a seepage pressure simulation module and a multi-field monitoring module; The stress condition simulation module includes a template frame and a rigid loading plate of a three-dimensional similar simulation test model; The surrounding rock excavation support module includes a surrounding rock excavation section, a surrounding rock anchoring layer, a U-shaped bracket, a foam concrete filling layer, a surrounding rock body, and an air bag; The temperature simulation module includes a heating plate, a heat-insulating shell, and a temperature controller; The water seepage pressure simulation module includes a water delivery device and a water-containing sand body; The multi-field monitoring module includes a seepage pressure gauge with temperature measurement, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a pressure sensor with temperature measurement.

3. A simulation test method for a deep surrounding rock composite support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction of the template frame is specifically as follows: Connect the head and tail ends of the four rigid templates with bolts through bolt holes to form a rectangular frame; Using quartz sand, gypsum and lime, the formwork frame of the masonry model is built in the rectangular frame. Multiple frames are stacked one by one with similar materials piled up inside, and are built layer by layer to the excavation section elevation.

4. A simulation test method for a deep surrounding rock composite support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction surrounding rock excavation section is specifically as follows: Prefabricated tunnel surrounding rock anchoring layer, U-shaped support, and foam concrete filling layer; The prefabricated part is fixed in the formwork frame, the U-shaped bracket area is filled with air bags for temporary support, and similar materials are laid to form the surrounding rock mass until the bottom elevation of the water-bearing sand body of the seepage pressure simulation module is reached.

5. A simulation test method for a deep surrounding rock composite support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-field monitoring module is specifically: Temperature and humidity sensors, seepage pressure gauges with temperature measurement, and pressure sensors with temperature measurement are arranged between the U-shaped bracket and the foam concrete filling layer, between the foam concrete filling layer and the anchoring layer, and between the anchoring layer and the surrounding rock mass.

6. A simulation test method for a deep surrounding rock composite support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction of the water seepage pressure simulation module is specifically as follows: Hard water pipes are embedded and injected in the tunnel top. The pipe heads are wrapped by water-containing sand. The weight of the sand is consistent with that of the surrounding rock mass. The model is continued to be built to the designed elevation of the top surface.

7. A simulation test method for a deep surrounding rock composite support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction of the temperature simulation module is specifically as follows: After the model is cured, remove the rigid template from top to bottom; The heating plates are laid on the left and right sides of the three-dimensional similar simulation test model; The thermal insulation shell is laid on the front, back and top surfaces of the three-dimensional similar simulation test model.

8. A simulation test method for a deep surrounding rock composite support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading of the rigid loading plate is to place the rigid loading plate on the top surface of the model.

9. A simulation test method for a deep surrounding rock composite support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The simulation of high temperature, high surrounding rock stress, and high seepage water pressure multi-field coupling conditions is specifically as follows: Turn on the temperature controllers in sequence and heat the three-dimensional similar simulation test model to the design value; Start the water delivery device, adjust the flow and water pressure gauge to the design value, and remove the air bag; The data of the seepage pressure gauge, temperature and humidity sensor, and pressure sensor are collected, and the data of the three-dimensional similar simulation test model under the surrounding rock pressure, seepage pressure and temperature field conditions are statistically analyzed.

10. A simulation test system for deep surrounding rock composite support structure, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module is configured to: acquire parameters of a deep surrounding rock to be simulated, wherein the deep surrounding rock includes a composite support structure; The construction module is configured to: construct the formwork frame, construct the surrounding rock excavation support, deploy the multi-field monitoring module, construct the seepage pressure simulation module, construct the temperature simulation module, and load the rigid loading plate in sequence based on the parameters to obtain a three-dimensional similarity simulation test model; The simulation module is configured to: use a three-dimensional similarity simulation test model to simulate high temperature, high surrounding rock stress, and high seepage water pressure multi-field coupling conditions, and monitor temperature, seepage pressure, and surrounding rock pressure information through sensors.

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