Device for detecting flight speed of cold spraying single particle

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for detecting the flight speed of a cold spraying single particle. The device comprises a vacuum cavity, a particle emission system and a signal detection system, the vacuum cavity comprises a top cover, a side wall and a bottom cover and is used for providing a vacuum environment for particle flight and electrode work; the particle emission system comprises an emitter, an emitter sealing ring and a base material; the signal detection system comprises an electrode, a bracket and an insulating pipeline and is used for detecting the flight speed of particles; the top cover and the bottom cover are made of toughened glass with high light transmittance so as to determine the focusing position of the pulse laser; the insulating pipeline support is provided with the magnet, and the vacuum environment is not damaged when the internal structure of the device is adjusted. The device has the advantages that low-cost speed measurement of particles can be achieved, the vacuum environment is more beneficial to particle flight and electrode work, and the position of an internal structure can be adjusted through external traction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of material surface treatment, and more particularly to a device for detecting the flight speed of a cold sprayed single particle. Background Art

[0002] Cold spray is an advanced solid-state spraying technology that uses a high-pressure airflow to accelerate micron-sized particles to supersonic speeds before impacting the substrate, causing plastic deformation in the solid state and forming a dense coating. Cold spray technology offers advantages such as low temperature, high bond strength, low porosity, and high deposition rate. It is suitable for temperature-sensitive materials and is widely used in aerospace, automotive manufacturing, machinery maintenance, and other fields for component repair, strengthening, and functional modification.

[0003] However, measuring the flight velocity (impact velocity) of particles during cold spraying is extremely difficult. This is because the particles are tiny and move at very high speeds, making it difficult to accurately capture their dynamics. Traditional measurement methods are limited by the supersonic environment and are susceptible to interference from high temperatures and high pressures. Furthermore, the velocity variations and trajectories of particles during flight are complex, making comprehensive and accurate real-time monitoring difficult with existing technologies.

[0004] Existing research mainly focuses on software simulation, or using carrier gas pressure instead of describing particle velocity. In recent years, some research teams have used ultra-high-speed cameras to detect the flight velocity of single particles in cold spraying, capturing the flight and collision process of particles. By continuously taking images of particles at different positions, the particle velocity is calculated based on the displacement of the particles in the continuous images and the shooting time interval. However, capturing this process requires an extremely high frame rate from the camera. Since the flight speed of cold spray particles is generally between several hundred meters and more than one thousand meters per second, the cost of an ultra-high-speed camera capable of capturing this process is generally over one million RMB, which greatly increases the threshold for conducting experiments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a portable device for detecting the flight speed of a single cold sprayed particle.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0007] A device for detecting the flight velocity of a single cold sprayed particle, comprising:

[0008] A vacuum chamber (100), wherein a threaded hole for communicating with a vacuum pump is provided on a side wall of the vacuum chamber (100);

[0009] The particle emission system (200) comprises an emitter (210) and a substrate (230), wherein the emitter (210) is sealed and embedded in the top of the vacuum chamber (100), and the particles to be detected are fixed on the elastic layer on the lower surface of the emitter (210); the substrate (230) is placed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the vacuum chamber (100), and the signal detection system (300) and the substrate (230) are sequentially arranged on the trajectory of the particles after they fly out of the emitter (210);

[0010] A signal detection system (300) includes an electrode, a bracket, and an insulating pipe (340), wherein the electrode includes an outer electrode (310) and an inner electrode (320) disposed inside the outer electrode (310), wherein the inner electrode (320) is fixed to the axis of the outer electrode (310) via an inner electrode bracket (330); the outer electrode (310) is a copper annular sheet, and the inner electrode (320) is a copper cylinder; the outer electrode (310) is fixedly disposed on the insulating pipe (340), and the insulating pipe (340) is disposed on an insulating pipe bracket (350); the insulating pipe bracket (350) has a circular base, and the circular base is provided with a plurality of circular holes for fixing magnets (360), and the magnets (360) are disposed in the circular holes;

[0011] The circular holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the circular base, and the circular holes facing each other are located on the same diameter of the circular base. The magnets (360) are provided in the circular holes on the same diameter, and are used to attract the external magnets when adjusting the position of the signal detection system (300), thereby realizing the translation or rotation of the former; the substrate (230) is located below the circular base, and the supporting legs for enclosing the substrate (230) in the circular base are provided below the circular base; an external magnet cooperating with the magnet (360) is provided outside the vacuum chamber (100), and the external magnet and the magnet (360) attract each other, so as to drive the insulating pipe support (350) to move in the direction of the external magnet, thereby realizing the position movement of the signal detection system (300) and the substrate (230).

[0012] Furthermore, the vacuum chamber (100) comprises a top cover (110), a side wall (120) and a bottom cover (130), and the top cover (110), the side wall (120) and the bottom cover (130) together enclose the vacuum chamber (100);

[0013] The top cover (110) and the bottom cover (130) are respectively sealed with the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the side wall (120) through the cover plate sealing ring (140);

[0014] The side wall (120) serves to shield the electrodes inside the vacuum chamber (100).

[0015] Furthermore, the side wall (120) is provided with a plurality of lead holes, the lead holes being used for leading out electrode wires, the electrode wires being sealed and connected to the lead holes; lead holes that are not needed are sealed with sealing pins.

[0016] Furthermore, the emitter (210) is a K9 glass cylinder, with a metal ablation layer and a polymer elastic layer or a polymer elastic layer attached to the lower surface in sequence.

[0017] Furthermore, a mounting hole is provided on the top cover (110), and the transmitter (210) is tightly fitted with the mounting hole of the top cover (110) via a transmitter sealing ring (220).

[0018] Furthermore, the top cover (110) and the bottom cover (130) are both made of high-transmittance tempered glass, and the inner electrode bracket and the insulating pipe bracket are both made of translucent modified polytetrafluoroethylene material.

[0019] The innovation of the present invention lies in: being able to adjust the position of the internal structure of the device without destroying the vacuum environment; being able to ensure that the flight speed of the particles is not affected by the flight distance in a vacuum environment (the speed of particles will be greatly reduced when flying in the air at a speed of several hundred meters per second. If it is not a vacuum, the speed when hitting the substrate will no longer be the value obtained at the measured position), and the vacuum environment between the inner and outer electrodes reduces the distortion effect of air molecules on the electric field.

[0020] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly reflected in:

[0021] (1) The present invention can establish the relationship between particle velocity and electrical signal without using high-cost ultra-high-speed cameras;

[0022] (2) The particle flight environment of the present invention is a vacuum, and its speed is not affected by the flight distance. The vacuum environment between the inner and outer electrodes reduces the distortion effect of air molecules on the electric field, making the electric field distribution between the plates more uniform and stable, which is conducive to more accurate capture of the capacitance changes caused by the particles.

[0023] (3) The present invention can adjust the position of the internal structure of the device without destroying the vacuum environment;

[0024] (4) The present invention can determine the position of the particle to be measured by using an external light source;

[0025] (5) The present invention has a simple and portable structure and can be adapted as needed when other components such as pulse lasers are inconvenient to move. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a top exploded view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 An enlarged view of the signal detection system of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 A diagram showing the relative positions of the signal detection system and the substrate of the present invention;

[0031] In the figure, 100-vacuum chamber, 200-particle emission system, 300-signal detection system, 110-top cover, 120-side wall, 130-bottom cover, 140-cover sealing ring, 150-sealing pin, 210-emitter, 220-emitter sealing ring, 230-substrate, 310-outer electrode, 320-inner electrode, 330-inner electrode bracket; 340-insulating pipe; 350-insulating pipe bracket; 360-magnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] refer to Figures 1 to 4 The present invention provides a device for detecting the flight velocity of a cold sprayed single particle, comprising:

[0034] The vacuum chamber 100 has a threaded hole on its side wall for communicating with a vacuum pump;

[0035] The particle emission system 200 includes an emitter 210 and a substrate 230. The emitter 210 is sealed and embedded in the top of the vacuum chamber 100. The particles to be detected are fixed to the elastic layer on the lower surface of the emitter 210. The substrate 230 is placed at the bottom of the interior of the vacuum chamber 100. The signal detection system 300 and the substrate 230 are sequentially arranged on the trajectory of the particles after they fly out of the emitter 210.

[0036] Specifically, a metal ablation layer and a polymer layer are attached to the lower surface of the emitter 210 (a single polymer elastic layer can also be attached, and the particles to be measured are fixed on the elastic layer); when the pulsed laser is focused on the attachment position of the particles to be measured, a high-temperature and high-pressure plasma is formed in the emitter 210, which ejects the particles to be measured attached to the lower surface. The particles to be measured fly out of the emitter 210, pass through the signal detection system 300, and then hit the substrate 230.

[0037] A signal detection system 300 includes electrodes, a bracket, and an insulating pipe 340. The electrodes include an outer electrode 310 and an inner electrode 320 disposed within the outer electrode 310. The inner electrode 320 is fixed to the axis of the outer electrode 310 via an inner electrode bracket 330. The outer electrode 310 is a copper annular plate, and the inner electrode 320 is a copper cylinder. The outer electrode 310 is fixed to the insulating pipe 340, which is mounted on an insulating pipe bracket 350. The insulating pipe bracket 350 has a circular base with a plurality of circular holes for fixing magnets 360. The magnets 360 are disposed in the circular holes.

[0038] Several of the circular holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the circular base, and the circular holes facing each other are located on the same diameter of the circular base, and the magnets 360 are arranged in the circular holes on the same diameter; the substrate 230 is located below the circular base, and a support leg is provided below the circular base for enclosing the substrate 230 in the circular base; an external magnet is provided on the outside of the vacuum chamber 100 to cooperate with the magnet 360, and the external magnet and the magnet 360 attract each other to drive the insulating pipe bracket 350 to move in the direction of the external magnet, thereby realizing the position movement of the signal detection system 300 and the substrate 230, which makes it possible to adjust the internal structure of the device after one emission is completed without destroying the vacuum environment.

[0039] In one embodiment, the vacuum chamber 100 includes a top cover 110 , a side wall 120 , and a bottom cover 130 , and the top cover 110 , the side wall 120 , and the bottom cover 130 together enclose the vacuum chamber 100 ;

[0040] The top cover 110 and the bottom cover 130 are respectively sealed with the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the side wall 120 through the cover plate sealing ring 140;

[0041] The sidewall 120 serves to shield the electrodes inside the vacuum chamber 100 .

[0042] In one embodiment, a plurality of lead holes are provided on the side wall 120 , and the lead holes are used for leading out electrode wires, and the electrode wires are sealed and connected to the lead holes; lead holes that are not in use are sealed with sealing pins.

[0043] Specifically, the lead hole is used to lead out the electrode wire, and the sealing method adopts liquid silicone rubber sealing, which is applied on the wire and then passed through the hole. After curing, a tight sealing layer can be formed. The lead hole that is not needed is sealed with a sealing pin 150; the threaded hole is used to fix the air path joint to connect the vacuum pump.

[0044] In one embodiment, the emitter 210 is a K9 glass cylinder, with a metal ablation layer and a polymer elastic layer or a polymer elastic layer sequentially attached to the lower surface.

[0045] In one embodiment, a mounting hole is provided on the top cover 110 , and the transmitter 210 is tightly fitted in the mounting hole of the top cover 110 via a transmitter sealing ring 220 .

[0046] In one embodiment, the top cover 110 and the bottom cover 130 are both made of high-transmittance tempered glass, and the inner electrode bracket and the insulating pipe bracket are both made of translucent modified polytetrafluoroethylene material. The purpose is to ensure the transparency of the entire device so that an external light source can illuminate its internal structure, thereby determining the focusing position of the pulsed laser according to the position of the particle to be measured.

[0047] The following briefly describes the steps of using the device of the present invention, which include the following steps:

[0048] (1) Device construction: Place the pulse laser on top of the device, assemble the signal detection system 300, and place it on the bottom cover 130. Install the side wall 120, apply liquid silicone rubber to the wires, and then connect them to the external analysis circuit (voltage source, capacitance measurement device, etc.) through the holes. The liquid silicone rubber forms a tight sealing layer after curing. Unused lead holes are sealed with sealing pins 150.

[0049] (2) Particle Preparation and Emission: Fix the particles to be tested at a suitable location on the elastic layer on the lower surface of the emitter 210, observe their characteristics, and mark them. Install the air connector in the threaded hole to ensure that the device is properly connected to the vacuum pump, and check the airtightness of the vacuum chamber 100. Use an external light source to determine the focus position of the pulsed laser and then emit the particles.

[0050] (3) Velocity calculation: The particle's flight velocity is calculated based on the electrical signal changes measured by the external analysis circuit and the characteristics of the annular capacitor. Since the flight environment is a vacuum, the result is the velocity of the particle when it hits the substrate.

[0051] The contents described in this specification are merely an enumeration of the implementation forms of the inventive concept. The scope of protection of the present invention should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms described. The scope of protection of the present invention also includes equivalent technical means that can be thought of by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the flight velocity of a single cold spray particle, characterized in that: include: A vacuum chamber (100), wherein a threaded hole for communicating with a vacuum pump is provided on a side wall of the vacuum chamber (100); The particle emission system (200) comprises an emitter (210) and a substrate (230), wherein the emitter (210) is sealed and embedded in the top of the vacuum chamber (100), and the particles to be detected are fixed on the elastic layer on the lower surface of the emitter (210); the substrate (230) is placed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the vacuum chamber (100), and the signal detection system (300) and the substrate (230) are sequentially arranged on the trajectory of the particles after they fly out of the emitter (210); A signal detection system (300) includes an electrode, a bracket, and an insulating pipe (340), wherein the electrode includes an outer electrode (310) and an inner electrode (320) disposed inside the outer electrode (310), wherein the inner electrode (320) is fixed to the axis of the outer electrode (310) via an inner electrode bracket (330); the outer electrode (310) is a copper annular sheet, and the inner electrode (320) is a copper cylinder; the outer electrode (310) is fixedly disposed on the insulating pipe (340), and the insulating pipe (340) is disposed on an insulating pipe bracket (350); the insulating pipe bracket (350) has a circular base, and the circular base is provided with a plurality of circular holes for fixing magnets (360), and the magnets (360) are disposed in the circular holes; The circular holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the circular base, and the circular holes facing each other are located on the same diameter of the circular base, and the magnets (360) are arranged in the circular holes on the same diameter; the substrate (230) is located below the circular base, and a support leg for enclosing the substrate (230) within the circular base is provided below the circular base; an external magnet cooperating with the magnet (360) is provided outside the vacuum chamber (100), and the external magnet and the magnet (360) attract each other to drive the insulating pipe support (350) to move in the direction of the external magnet, thereby realizing the position movement of the signal detection system (300) and the substrate (230).

2. The device for detecting the flight velocity of a cold sprayed single particle according to claim 1, wherein: The vacuum chamber (100) comprises a top cover (110), a side wall (120) and a bottom cover (130), wherein the top cover (110), the side wall (120) and the bottom cover (130) together enclose the vacuum chamber (100); The top cover (110) and the bottom cover (130) are respectively sealed with the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the side wall (120) through the cover plate sealing ring (140); The side wall (120) serves to shield the electrodes inside the vacuum chamber (100).

3. The device for detecting the flight velocity of a cold sprayed single particle according to claim 2, wherein: The side wall (120) is provided with a plurality of lead holes, which are used for leading out electrode wires, and the electrode wires are sealed and connected to the lead holes; lead holes that are not needed are sealed with sealing pins.

4. The device for detecting the flight velocity of a cold sprayed single particle according to claim 1, wherein: The emitter (210) is a K9 glass cylinder, with a metal ablation layer and a polymer elastic layer or a polymer elastic layer sequentially attached to the lower surface.

5. The device for detecting the flight velocity of a cold sprayed single particle according to claim 2, wherein: The top cover (110) is provided with a mounting hole, and the transmitter (210) is tightly fitted with the mounting hole of the top cover (110) via a transmitter sealing ring (220).

6. The device for detecting the flight velocity of a cold sprayed single particle according to claim 2, wherein: The top cover (110) and the bottom cover (130) are both made of high-transmittance tempered glass, and the inner electrode bracket and the insulating pipe bracket are both made of translucent modified polytetrafluoroethylene material.

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