Battery cooling system with self-adaptive structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery cooling system with a self-adaptive structure, and belongs to the field of battery processing, the battery cooling system comprises a battery box body, a plurality of battery packs are arranged in the battery box body, each battery pack is provided with a heat conduction pad, a liquid cooling plate and an air pressure adjusting part, each battery pack is composed of a plurality of battery cells arranged side by side, the heat conduction pad is located below the battery pack, and the liquid cooling plate is located below the air pressure adjusting part. The liquid cooling plate is located below the heat conduction pad, the air pressure adjusting part comprises an air cylinder adjusting mechanism, an air bag temperature control unit and an air pressure transmission pipeline, and the air cylinder adjusting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the liquid cooling plate and used for adjusting the height of the liquid cooling plate; the air bag temperature control unit is composed of a plurality of independent air bags, each air bag is arranged between the adjacent battery cells, and the air bags are filled with gas; according to the battery thermal management system capable of adaptively adjusting the cooling and heating effects according to the battery temperature, it is ensured that the battery is kept in the optimal working state within the wide temperature range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of lithium batteries, and in particular relates to a battery cooling system with an adaptive structure. Background Art

[0002] The performance of lithium-ion batteries varies greatly under different temperature environments. The internal resistance of the battery increases under low temperature conditions, while the battery performance degrades under high temperature conditions and may even cause thermal runaway.

[0003] Lithium-ion batteries often face the challenge of large temperature fluctuations in actual operating environments. Existing battery thermal management systems often use fixed cooling or heating methods, which are difficult to adaptively adjust according to changes in ambient temperature, resulting in energy waste or insufficient battery performance, thereby affecting the battery life. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a battery cooling system with an adaptive structure to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A battery cooling system with an adaptive structure includes a battery box, wherein a plurality of battery packs are arranged inside the battery box, each battery pack is provided with a thermal pad, a liquid cooling plate and an air pressure regulating unit. The battery pack is composed of a plurality of battery cells arranged side by side. The thermal pad is located below the battery pack, and the liquid cooling plate is located below the thermal pad. The air pressure regulating unit includes a cylinder regulating mechanism, an airbag temperature control unit and an air pressure transmission pipeline.

[0007] The cylinder adjustment mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the liquid cooling plate and is used to adjust the height of the liquid cooling plate;

[0008] The airbag temperature control unit is composed of a plurality of independent airbags, each of which is arranged between adjacent battery cells and is filled with gas;

[0009] The air pressure transmission pipeline is used to connect the air bag and the cylinder adjustment mechanism.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when in use, at normal temperature (20-30°C), the height of the liquid cooling plate from the bottom of the battery box in the system is H0, the gas pressure in the airbag is moderate, the height of the cylinder adjustment mechanism remains constant, and the system is in a balanced state; in a high temperature environment (>30°C), the gas in the airbag expands due to heat, pushing the cylinder adjustment mechanism to extend, raising the liquid cooling plate, and reducing the thermal resistance of the heat conduction path, so that heat can be transferred from the liquid cooling plate to the surrounding environment more quickly, the heat dissipation effect of the liquid cooling plate is enhanced, and the heat dissipation effect is improved; in a low temperature environment (<10°C), when the battery needs to be heated, the gas in the airbag cools and contracts, the gas pressure decreases, the height of the cylinder adjustment mechanism decreases, the thermal resistance between the liquid cooling plate and the battery pack increases, and heat loss is reduced.

[0011] Preferably, the air pressure transmission pipeline includes a main connecting pipeline, a bypass pipeline, an airbag connecting pipeline and a cylinder connecting pipeline. Several airbag connecting pipelines are connected to the top of the main connecting pipeline, and the airbag connecting pipeline is connected to the side wall of the airbag. Both ends of the main connecting pipeline are connected to the bypass pipeline, and several cylinder connecting pipelines are connected to the side of the bypass pipeline. The cylinder connecting pipeline is connected to the cylinder adjustment mechanism.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when multiple independent airbags are heated and expanded, they pass through their respective airbag connecting pipelines, the main connecting pipeline and the branch pipeline in turn, and enter the cylinder connecting pipeline, and evenly enter the cylinder adjustment mechanism, ensuring the stability of the force between the multiple cylinder adjustment mechanisms, and further improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0013] Preferably, a support frame is provided on the outside of the airbag, and the support frame abuts against the battery cells on both sides.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the support frame is used for installing the airbag to maintain the distance between the battery cells on the one hand, and is made of hard material on the other hand to limit the radial expansion of the airbag.

[0015] Preferably, the cylinder adjustment mechanism includes a piston cylinder and a linkage rod, the cavity of the piston cylinder is connected to the air pressure transmission pipeline, and the top end of the linkage rod is fixedly connected to the liquid cooling plate.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, driven by the air pressure transmission pipeline, gas enters the interior of the piston rod and drives the connecting rod to move up and down, thereby adjusting the degree of fit between the thermal pad and the battery cell.

[0017] Preferably, the thermal pad is made of flexible thermally conductive material.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, materials with high thermal conductivity, such as thermal conductive silicone pads and other thermal conductive interface materials with compressive elasticity, are used to enhance the efficiency of heat transfer from the battery to the liquid cooling plate, ensuring that heat can be quickly transferred from the battery cell to the liquid cooling plate.

[0019] Preferably, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are provided at the end of the liquid cooling plate, and the liquid cooling plate is made of copper or aluminum.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the flexible thermal conductive wire is tightly fitted with the thermal conductive pad to form a uniform thermal conductive path, and the copper or aluminum material ensures sufficient thermal conductive area.

[0021] Preferably, a control system is provided inside the battery box, and the control system includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor. The temperature sensor is connected to the battery cell and is used to detect the temperature of the battery cell. The pressure sensor is connected to the airbag and is used to detect the pressure change of the airbag.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the control system can accurately detect the temperature inside the battery cell and the pressure of the airbag, and electrically connect it to the external control system. When thermal runaway occurs, manual intervention can be carried out in time to improve the safety performance of the vehicle.

[0023] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] The present invention uses a closed-loop mechanism driven by temperature to control temperature. The airbag drives the liquid cooling plate to adjust the distance between the thermal pad and the battery pack, achieving zero-power self-adaptation. It provides a cost-effective thermal management solution for new energy vehicles and energy storage systems, combining lightweight and low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the air pressure regulating part of the present invention;

[0028] In the figure: 1. Battery case; 2. Battery pack; 21. Battery cell; 3. Thermal pad; 4. Liquid cooling plate; 41. Water inlet pipe; 42. Water outlet pipe; 5. Air pressure regulating unit; 51. Cylinder regulating mechanism; 511. Piston cylinder; 512. Linkage rod; 52. Airbag temperature control unit; 521. Airbag; 522. Support frame; 53. Air pressure transmission pipeline; 531. Main connecting pipeline; 532. Diverter pipeline; 533. Airbag connecting pipeline; 534. Cylinder connecting pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is a combination of the embodiments of the present invention Figure 1-Figure 3 , the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, an adaptive battery cooling system includes a battery box 1, wherein a plurality of battery packs 2 are arranged inside the battery box 1, each battery pack 2 is provided with a thermal pad 3, a liquid cooling plate 4 and an air pressure regulating unit 5, the battery pack 2 is composed of a plurality of battery cells 21 arranged side by side, the thermal pad 3 is located below the battery pack 2, the liquid cooling plate 4 is located below the thermal pad 3, and the air pressure regulating unit 5 includes a cylinder regulating mechanism 51, an air bag 521, a temperature control unit 52 and an air pressure transmission pipeline 53.

[0032] The cylinder adjustment mechanism 51 is provided at the bottom of the liquid cooling plate 4 and is used to adjust the height of the liquid cooling plate 4;

[0033] The airbag 521 temperature control unit 52 is composed of multiple independent airbags 521. Each airbag 521 is arranged between adjacent battery cells 21 and is filled with gas. The airbag 521 is made of an environmentally friendly polymer material with good air tightness and elasticity. The air interface is arranged at the bottom of the airbag 521 to facilitate connection to the air pressure transmission pipeline 53.

[0034] The air pressure transmission pipeline 53 is used to connect the air bag 521 and the cylinder adjustment mechanism 51.

[0035] During use, at normal temperature (20-30°C), the height of the liquid cooling plate 4 from the bottom of the battery box 1 in the system is H0, the gas pressure in the airbag 521 is moderate, the height of the cylinder adjustment mechanism 51 remains constant, and the system is in a balanced state; in a high temperature environment (>30°C), the gas in the airbag 521 expands due to heat, pushing the cylinder adjustment mechanism 51 to extend, the liquid cooling plate 4 to rise, and the thermal resistance of the heat conduction path to decrease, so that heat can be transferred from the liquid cooling plate 4 to the surrounding environment more quickly, the heat dissipation effect of the liquid cooling plate 4 is enhanced, and the heat dissipation effect is improved; in a low temperature environment (<10°C), when the battery needs to be heated, the gas in the airbag 521 cools and contracts, the gas pressure decreases, the height of the cylinder adjustment mechanism 51 decreases, the thermal resistance between the liquid cooling plate 4 and the battery pack 2 increases, and heat loss is reduced.

[0036] The air pressure transmission pipeline 53 includes a main connecting pipeline 531, a bypass pipeline 532, an airbag connecting pipeline 533 and a cylinder connecting pipeline 534. Several airbag connecting pipelines 533 are connected to the top of the main connecting pipeline 531. The airbag connecting pipeline 533 is connected to the side wall of the airbag 521. Both ends of the main connecting pipeline 531 are connected to the bypass pipeline 532. Several cylinder connecting pipelines 534 are connected to the side of the bypass pipeline 532. The cylinder connecting pipeline 534 is connected to the cylinder adjustment mechanism 51. When multiple independent airbags 521 are heated and expanded, they pass through their respective connected airbag connecting pipelines 533, and then pass through the main connecting pipeline 531 and the bypass pipeline 532 in turn, and enter the cylinder connecting pipeline 534, and evenly enter the cylinder adjustment mechanism 51 to ensure the stability of the force between the multiple cylinder adjustment mechanisms 51, thereby further improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0037] A support frame 522 is provided on the outside of the airbag 521, and the support frame 522 is in contact with the battery cells 21 on both sides. On the one hand, the support frame 522 is used for the installation of the airbag 521 to maintain the spacing between the battery cells 21. On the other hand, it is made of hard material to limit the radial expansion of the airbag 521. The hard plastic square frame support frame 522 is used to ensure the dimensional stability and consistency of the battery cell 21 module during installation.

[0038] The cylinder adjustment mechanism 51 includes a piston cylinder 511 and a linkage rod 512. The cavity of the piston cylinder 511 is connected to the air pressure transmission pipeline 53. The top of the linkage rod 512 is fixedly connected to the liquid cooling plate 4. Driven by the air pressure transmission pipeline 53, gas enters the interior of the piston rod and drives the linkage rod to move up and down, thereby adjusting the degree of fit between the thermal pad 3 and the battery cell 21.

[0039] The thermal pad 3 is made of flexible thermally conductive material and a material with high thermal conductivity, such as a thermally conductive silicone pad or other thermally conductive interface material with compressive elasticity, to enhance the efficiency of heat transfer from the battery to the liquid cooling plate 4, ensuring that heat can be quickly transferred from the battery cell 21 to the liquid cooling plate 4.

[0040] The ends of the liquid cooling plate 4 are provided with a water inlet pipe 41 and a water outlet pipe 42. The liquid cooling plate 4 is made of copper or aluminum and is tightly fitted with the thermal pad 3 through a flexible thermal conductive wire to form a uniform heat conduction path. The copper or aluminum material ensures sufficient heat conduction area.

[0041] A control system is provided inside the battery box 1. The control system includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor. The temperature sensor is connected to the battery cell 21 for detecting the temperature of the battery cell 21. The pressure sensor is connected to the airbag 521 for detecting the pressure change of the airbag 521. The control system can accurately detect the temperature inside the battery cell 21 and the pressure of the airbag 521, and is electrically connected to the external control system. When thermal runaway occurs, manual intervention can be carried out in time to improve the safety performance of the vehicle. The pressure sensor is installed on the transmission channel of the airbag 521, and the temperature sensor is installed inside the battery box 1.

[0042] In summary, the present invention uses a closed-loop mechanism driven by temperature to control temperature. The airbag 521 drives the liquid cooling plate 4 to adjust the distance between the thermal pad 3 and the battery pack 2, thereby achieving zero-power self-adaptation and providing a cost-effective thermal management solution for new energy vehicles and energy storage systems, which is both lightweight and low-cost.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery cooling system with an adaptive structure, characterized by: The invention comprises a battery box (1), wherein a plurality of battery packs (2) are arranged inside the battery box (1), each battery pack (2) is provided with a thermal pad (3), a liquid cooling plate (4) and an air pressure regulating part (5), wherein the battery pack (2) is composed of a plurality of battery cells (21) arranged side by side, the thermal pad (3) is located below the battery pack (2), the liquid cooling plate (4) is located below the thermal pad (3), and the air pressure regulating part (5) comprises a cylinder regulating mechanism (51), an air bag (521) temperature control unit (52) and an air pressure transmission pipeline (53). The cylinder adjustment mechanism (51) is arranged at the bottom of the liquid cooling plate (4) and is used to adjust the height of the liquid cooling plate (4); The airbag (521) temperature control unit (52) is composed of a plurality of independent airbags (521), each of the airbags (521) is arranged between adjacent battery cells (21), and the interior of the airbags (521) is filled with gas; The air pressure transmission pipeline (53) is used to connect the air bag (521) and the cylinder adjustment mechanism (51).

2. The battery cooling system with an adaptive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air pressure transmission pipeline (53) includes a main connecting pipeline (531), a shunt pipeline (532), an airbag connecting pipeline (533) and a cylinder connecting pipeline (534). The upper portion of the main connecting pipeline (531) is connected to a plurality of airbag connecting pipelines (533). The airbag connecting pipelines (533) are connected to the side wall of the airbag (521). Both ends of the main connecting pipeline (531) are connected to shunt pipelines (532). The side of the shunt pipeline (532) is connected to a plurality of cylinder connecting pipelines (534). The cylinder connecting pipelines (534) are connected to the cylinder regulating mechanism (51).

3. The battery cooling system with an adaptive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support frame (522) is provided outside the air bag (521), and the support frame (522) abuts against the battery cells (21) on both sides.

4. The battery cooling system with an adaptive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder adjustment mechanism (51) comprises a piston cylinder (511) and a linkage rod (512); the cavity of the piston cylinder (511) is connected to the air pressure transmission pipeline (53); and the top end of the linkage rod (512) is fixedly connected to the liquid cooling plate (4).

5. The battery cooling system with an adaptive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal pad (3) is made of flexible thermal conductive material.

6. The method for preparing a battery cooling system with an adaptive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water inlet pipe (41) and a water outlet pipe (42) are provided at the end of the liquid cooling plate (4), and the liquid cooling plate (4) is made of copper or aluminum.

7. The method for preparing a battery cooling system with an adaptive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A control system is provided inside the battery box (1), the control system comprising a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, the temperature sensor being connected to the battery cell (21) and being used to detect the temperature of the battery cell (21), and the pressure sensor being connected to the airbag (521) and being used to detect pressure changes in the airbag (521).

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