Comprehensive demand response method and system based on source-load collaborative carbon reduction

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive demand response method and system based on source-load collaborative carbon reduction, and belongs to the field of power grid energy dispatching. Comprising the steps of obtaining power consumption peak and power consumption valley periods of a local power grid; acquiring the current electric quantity of the electric vehicle; obtaining a user expectation decision, including electric vehicle head-to-discharge or electric vehicle head-to-charge; and according to a user expectation decision, recommending a plurality of parking lots to the user through a parking lot preferential rule, and realizing energy interaction between the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle charging station. According to the invention, the situation of traffic jam caused by parking difficulty is effectively prevented by preventing the user from going to the crowded parking lot, the parking lot with the green charging pile is preferentially selected, the carbon reduction effect is realized, and the problems that in the prior art, the parking difficulty causes traffic jam, the traffic jam can cause higher carbon emission, and the parking cost is reduced are solved. And the resource waste is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of integrated energy scheduling, and in particular relates to an integrated demand response method and system based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction between electric vehicles and electric vehicle charging stations. Background Art

[0002] The sustainable development of modern society is threatened by energy crisis and global warming. The efficient use of renewable energy and the rapid development of electric vehicles provide an opportunity to solve this problem.

[0003] The Integrated Energy System (IES), as an important way to transform energy into a low-carbon economy, is one of the main energy operation models in the future.

[0004] As an aggregate formed by the coupling of multiple energy structures, the optimized scheduling of the integrated energy system can achieve complementary advantages among different energy sources, effectively improve energy utilization efficiency and reduce carbon emissions. It is an important means to achieve low-carbon commitments and high-quality energy utilization.

[0005] However, to achieve a truly low-carbon economy, it is necessary to start from both the power supply side and the load side and deeply tap the carbon reduction potential of IES.

[0006] An invention patent application, published on June 14, 2024, with publication number CN 118199074A, discloses a "Pre-dispatch-Re-dispatch Excess Carbon Demand Response Method Based on Source-Load Coordinated Carbon Reduction." The method involves analyzing a two-stage pre-dispatch-re-dispatch low-carbon dispatch mechanism, analyzing the operational architecture of a new energy scenario involving a solar thermal power plant, establishing a two-stage pre-dispatch-re-dispatch demand response model, and constructing a two-stage pre-dispatch-re-dispatch low-carbon economic dispatch model based on an excess carbon demand response and excess carbon electricity price. This technical solution integrates CSP power plants with wind farms and carbon capture plants on the source side to optimize the source-side output structure, limit carbon emissions from traditional gas turbines, and improve carbon capture. The solution also establishes a two-stage pre-dispatch-re-dispatch excess carbon demand response mechanism to deeply explore the system's low-carbon potential. Excess carbon demand response serves as a key safeguard against excessive carbon emissions after price-based demand response, forming an excess carbon electricity price that drives users to shift to low-carbon behavior and achieve low-carbon economic dispatch.

[0007] Obviously, existing research usually simply applies the two low-carbon measures to the source and load sides respectively, and fails to coordinately optimize pricing strategies and unit output, ignoring the exploration of the interactive carbon reduction capabilities between source and load.

[0008] As the popularity of electric vehicles continues to increase, electric vehicle owners can choose to charge their vehicles through charging piles, or they can choose to feed the remaining power in the car back to the power grid in order to obtain corresponding rewards. However, their disordered charging and discharging behavior will inevitably aggravate load fluctuations. If we want to achieve a truly low-carbon economy, using clean energy such as wind power and photovoltaics to charge electric vehicles is a reasonable and feasible idea.

[0009] Judging from my country's electric vehicle-related infrastructure planning, the installation of a large number of electric vehicle charging stations in residential and commercial areas will become the first choice for electric vehicle charging, and it is also an effective way to guide electric vehicles to reasonably arrange charging and discharging plans.

[0010] The invention patent, with an authorization announcement date of August 20, 2024, and authorization announcement number CN 116667355B, discloses an "IES-EVCS two-tier dispatching method based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction," which includes: constructing an upper-tier dispatching model with the IES net operating cost minimized as the upper-tier objective function; solving the upper-tier dispatching model; determining whether a solution exists; if so, proceeding to the next step; otherwise, updating the confidence level and returning to solve the upper-tier dispatching model; constructing a lower-tier dispatching model with the EVCS net operating cost minimized as the lower-tier objective function; substituting the solution of the upper-tier dispatching model into the lower-tier dispatching model, solving the lower-tier dispatching model, and determining the EVCS dispatching strategy; and determining whether the termination condition is met; otherwise, returning to solve the upper-tier dispatching model. This technical solution can fully absorb the curtailment of wind and solar power in the integrated energy system, reducing the combined operating costs of the integrated energy system and electric vehicle charging stations.

[0011] When implementing the above technical solution, it was found that since the charging and discharging process of electric vehicles is relatively slow, when electric vehicles occupy parking spaces in parking lots for a long time for charging and discharging, it is easy to waste parking space resources, making parking difficult and causing traffic congestion. Traffic congestion will cause higher carbon emissions and lead to waste of resources. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a comprehensive demand response method and system based on source-load synergy for carbon reduction. This method avoids users from visiting already crowded parking lots by analyzing the current and daily usage rates of parking lots in real time. It also prioritizes parking lots with green charging stations, effectively allocating and utilizing parking resources. By identifying peak and off-peak periods, it guides users to charge or discharge during times when electricity prices are lower, reducing their electricity costs. This helps the grid balance power supply and demand, reduces load pressure during peak periods, and effectively reduces carbon emissions when charging electric vehicles.

[0013] The technical solution of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive demand response method based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction, including the following steps: obtaining peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data of the local power grid, extracting peak electricity consumption periods and valley electricity consumption periods based on the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data; obtaining peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data corresponding to the current time, obtaining the current power of the electric vehicle, and issuing a charging or discharging prompt based on the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data corresponding to the current time and the current power; obtaining the user's expected decision, the user's expected decision includes the electric vehicle going to discharge and the electric vehicle going to charge; according to the user's expected decision, recommending multiple parking lots to the user through parking lot selection rules, and when the electric vehicle is connected to the bidirectional charger in the electric vehicle charging station, energy interaction between the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle charging station is realized.

[0014] Furthermore, the specific process of issuing a charging or discharging prompt based on the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data corresponding to the current time and the current power is as follows: obtaining the current power of the electric vehicle at the current time; if the current time is a peak power consumption period and the current power of the electric vehicle is higher than the expected threshold, a prompt is issued to indicate that the electric vehicle meets the discharge requirements; if the current period is a low power consumption period and the current power of the electric vehicle is not higher than the expected threshold, a prompt is issued to indicate that the electric vehicle meets the charging requirements; if the current period is a peak power consumption period and the current power of the electric vehicle is not higher than the expected threshold, or the current period is a low power consumption period and the current power of the electric vehicle is higher than the expected threshold, no prompt is issued.

[0015] Furthermore, the parking lot selection rules include: when the electric vehicle goes to charge: obtain the allowed driving distance of the electric vehicle's current power level, obtain the parking lot location information, and use the electric vehicle's current location as the starting point to search for a parking lot within the allowed driving distance from the starting point; obtain the daily parking space utilization rate of the searched parking lot and the parking space utilization rate corresponding to the current time period. If the parking space utilization rate corresponding to the current time period is less than the daily parking space utilization rate, the parking lot is included in the recommendation list; if the parking space utilization rate corresponding to the current time period is not less than the daily parking space utilization rate, the parking lot is not included in the charging recommendation list; analyze the charging recommendation index corresponding to each parking lot in the recommendation list, the charging recommendation index is used to reflect the degree of adaptability of the parking lot and the user's expectation to decide for the electric vehicle to go to charge; sort the various parking lots in the recommendation list from high to low according to the charging recommendation index and output them.

[0016] Furthermore, the specific steps for obtaining the charging recommendation index include: obtaining a charging recommendation list and numbering the parking lots in the charging recommendation list; obtaining the number of remaining parking spaces, the green index, and the expenditure of each parking lot; obtaining the weight of the number of remaining parking spaces on the charging recommendation index, the weight of the green index on the charging recommendation index, and the weight of the expenditure on the charging recommendation index through an objective weighting method; and obtaining the charging recommendation index of each parking lot through a charging recommendation index calculation formula, which is:

[0017]

[0018] Where i is the parking lot number, i=1,2,……,I, I is the total number of parking lots, CDI i is the charging recommendation index of parking lot i, SW i is the number of remaining parking spaces in the i-th parking lot, LV i is the green index of the i-th parking lot, which is used to measure the environmental protection level of the parking lot. i is the expenditure of the i-th parking lot, α1 is the weight of the remaining parking spaces to the charging recommendation index, α2 is the weight of the green index to the charging recommendation index, α3 is the weight of the expenditure to the charging recommendation index, and e is a natural constant.

[0019] Furthermore, the green index acquisition step includes: acquiring the types of green charging piles in each parking lot, the number of green charging piles of each type, the number of all charging piles in the parking lot, and the carbon emissions of various green charging piles in the parking lot during charging; acquiring the weight of the number of green charging piles divided by the number of all charging piles in the parking lot on the green index, and the weight of the total carbon emissions of various types of green charging piles in the parking lot during charging on the green index through an objective weighting method; and acquiring the green index of each parking lot through a green index calculation formula, which is:

[0020]

[0021] Where, is the number of the nth type of green charging piles in the i-th parking lot, n is the type number of the green charging piles in the parking lot, n=1,2,……,N, N is the total number of types of green charging piles in the parking lot, Z i is the number of charging piles in the i-th parking lot, is the carbon emission of the nth type of green charging pile in the i-th parking lot during charging, β1 is the weight of the ratio of the number of green charging piles to the number of all charging piles in the parking lot to the green index, and β2 is the weight of the total carbon emission of all types of green charging piles in the parking lot during charging to the green index.

[0022] Furthermore, the parking lot selection rule also includes: when the electric vehicle goes to discharge: obtain the electric vehicle owner's expected discharge amount and the owner's expected driving distance, obtain the parking lot location information, take the electric vehicle's current location as the starting point, and search for a parking lot within the owner's expected driving distance from the starting point; obtain the daily parking space utilization rate of the searched parking lot and the parking space utilization rate corresponding to the current time period, if the parking space utilization rate corresponding to the current time period is less than the daily parking space utilization rate, then the parking lot is included in the recommendation list; if the parking space utilization rate corresponding to the current time period is not less than the daily parking space utilization rate, then the parking lot is not included in the discharge recommendation list; analyze the discharge recommendation index corresponding to each parking lot in the recommendation list, the discharge recommendation index is used to reflect the degree of adaptability of the parking lot and the user's expectation for the electric vehicle to go to discharge; sort the various parking lots in the recommendation list from high to low according to the discharge recommendation index and output them.

[0023] Furthermore, the specific steps for obtaining the discharge recommendation index include: obtaining a discharge recommendation list and numbering the parking lots in the discharge recommendation list; obtaining the number of remaining parking spaces, the electric vehicle charging demand index, and the expenditure of each parking lot; obtaining the weight of the number of remaining parking spaces on the discharge recommendation index, the weight of the electric vehicle charging demand index on the discharge recommendation index, and the weight of the expenditure on the discharge recommendation index through an objective weighting method; and obtaining the discharge recommendation index of each parking lot through a discharge recommendation index calculation formula, which is:

[0024]

[0025] Where k is the parking lot number, k = 1, 2, ..., K, K is the total number of parking lots, FDI k is the discharge recommendation index of the kth parking lot, SW k is the number of remaining parking spaces in the kth parking lot, CP k is the electric vehicle charging demand index of the kth parking lot. The electric vehicle charging demand index is used to measure the electricity demand of the parking lot. ZC k is the expenditure of the k-th parking lot, γ1 is the weight of the remaining number of parking spaces to the discharge recommendation index, γ2 is the weight of the electric vehicle charging demand index to the discharge recommendation index, γ3 is the weight of the expenditure to the discharge recommendation index, and e is a natural constant.

[0026] Furthermore, the specific method of obtaining the electric vehicle charging demand index is as follows: obtain the number of charging times, the total charging amount in the parking lot, the proportion of charging vehicles in the parking lot during peak hours, the number of charging vehicles during peak hours, and the total parking volume during peak hours in each parking lot; obtain the weight of the number of charging times on the discharge recommendation index, the weight of the total charging amount in the parking lot on the discharge recommendation index, and the weight of the proportion of charging vehicles during peak hours on the discharge recommendation index through the objective weighting method; obtain the electric vehicle charging demand index of each parking lot through the electric vehicle charging demand index calculation formula, and the electric vehicle charging demand index calculation formula is:

[0027]

[0028] Where, CL k is the number of charging times in the kth parking lot, ZD k is the total charge capacity in the kth parking lot, DB k is the proportion of charging vehicles in the k-th parking lot during peak hours, CS k is the number of charging vehicles in the kth parking lot during peak hours, ZS k is the total parking volume of the k-th parking lot during peak hours, μ1 is the weight of the number of charging times to the discharge recommendation index, μ2 is the weight of the total charging volume in the parking lot to the discharge recommendation index, μ3 is the weight of the proportion of charging vehicles during peak hours to the discharge recommendation index, and π is the pi.

[0029] Furthermore, the daily parking space utilization rate is the ratio of the number of occupied parking spaces in a parking lot within a unit time period to the total number of parking spaces in the parking lot.

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention also provides a comprehensive demand response system based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction, including: a data acquisition module, a charging and discharging prompt module, a user interaction module, and a recommendation output module; wherein the data acquisition module is used to obtain the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data of the local power grid, and extract the peak electricity consumption period and the low electricity consumption period based on the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data; the charging and discharging prompt module is used to obtain the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data corresponding to the current time, obtain the current power of the electric vehicle, and issue a charging or discharging prompt based on the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data corresponding to the current time and the current power; the user interaction module is used to obtain the user's expected decision, and the user's expected decision includes the electric vehicle going to discharge and the electric vehicle going to charge; the recommendation output module is used to recommend multiple parking lots to the user through the parking lot selection rules according to the user's expected decision, and when the electric vehicle is connected to the bidirectional charger in the electric vehicle charging station, energy interaction between the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle charging station is realized.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0032] 1. The technical solution of the present invention, through real-time analysis of current parking lot usage and daily usage, can eliminate parking lots with high usage during the current period, avoiding users from going to already crowded parking lots, thereby achieving efficient allocation and utilization of parking resources and effectively preventing traffic congestion caused by parking difficulties. By prioritizing parking lots with green charging piles, compared with traditional power generation models, it effectively reduces carbon emissions when charging electric vehicles, achieving a carbon reduction effect;

[0033] 2. The technical solution of this invention uses the difference in peak and off-peak electricity prices to select charging during low-price periods or discharging during high-price periods, thereby reducing electricity costs, alleviating power demand during peak periods, and alleviating grid load. Furthermore, by incorporating user-defined decisions, users can make charging or discharging decisions that better suit their personal interests based on their travel schedules and power needs.

[0034] 3. The technical solution of the present invention can identify peak and valley periods of electricity consumption by obtaining peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data from the power grid, thereby guiding electric vehicles to charge or discharge during periods with lower electricity prices, which can reduce users' electricity costs. It also helps the power grid balance electricity supply and demand and reduce load pressure during peak periods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a flow chart diagram of the comprehensive demand response method based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the comprehensive demand response system based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] In the existing technology, the charging and discharging process of electric vehicles is relatively slow. When electric vehicles occupy parking spaces in parking lots for a long time for charging and discharging, it is easy to waste parking space resources, make parking difficult, and cause traffic congestion, which in turn causes higher carbon emissions.

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention, by real-time analysis of the current parking lot usage rate and daily usage rate, avoids users going to already crowded parking lots, effectively prevents traffic congestion caused by parking difficulties, and effectively reduces carbon emissions when charging electric vehicles compared to traditional power generation models by giving priority to parking lots with green charging piles.

[0040] like Figure 1As shown, there is a flow chart of the integrated demand response method based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction provided by the technical solution of the present invention. The method is applied to the integrated demand response system based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction, and the method includes the following steps: obtaining the peak-valley time-of-use electricity price data of the local power grid, and extracting the peak power consumption period and the low power consumption period based on the peak-valley time-of-use electricity price data; obtaining the current power consumption of the electric vehicle by obtaining the peak-valley time-of-use electricity price data corresponding to the current time, and issuing a charging or discharging prompt based on the peak-valley time-of-use electricity price data corresponding to the current time and the current power consumption, so that the user can charge during the period with lower electricity prices, reduce electricity costs, and reduce the carbon emissions of the power grid at the same time; obtaining the user's expected decision, which includes the electric vehicle going to discharge and the electric vehicle going to charge; according to the user's expected decision, Recommend multiple parking lots to users through parking lot selection rules, and optimize parking lot resource allocation to reduce the time users spend looking for parking spaces, improve parking lot utilization, and reduce traffic congestion and carbon emissions. When electric vehicles are connected to the two-way chargers in electric vehicle charging stations, energy interaction between electric vehicles and electric vehicle charging stations is achieved. During peak hours of electricity consumption, car owners choose parking lots with higher discharge recommendation indexes to discharge electric vehicles, which can prevent traffic congestion caused by parking difficulties due to occupied parking spaces, and also reduce the car owner's car use costs. During low electricity consumption periods, car owners choose parking lots with higher charging recommendation indexes to charge electric vehicles, and use green charging piles in parking lots to charge electric vehicles, which not only reduces charging costs but also reduces carbon emissions during charging.

[0041] Furthermore, the specific process of issuing a charging or discharging reminder based on the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data and the current power corresponding to the current time is as follows: obtaining the current power of the electric vehicle at the current time; if the current time is a peak power consumption period and the current power of the electric vehicle is higher than the expected threshold, a reminder is issued that the electric vehicle meets the discharge requirements, and the expected threshold is how much power the owner should retain based on the subsequent arrangements made on the day; if the current period is a low power consumption period and the current power of the electric vehicle is not higher than the expected threshold, a reminder is issued that the electric vehicle meets the charging requirements; if the current period is a peak power consumption period and the current power of the electric vehicle is not higher than the expected threshold, or the current period is a low power consumption period and the current power of the electric vehicle is higher than the expected threshold, no reminder is given. Through intelligent reminders, it can be ensured that the electric vehicle has sufficient power when needed, and can also provide support to the power grid when the power is sufficient, thereby improving the utilization rate of electric vehicles, reducing the burden of users needing to monitor and make decisions themselves, and improving user experience.

[0042] Specifically, its parking lot selection rules include: when the electric car goes to charge: obtain the allowed driving distance of the electric car's current power, obtain the parking lot location information, take the electric car's current location as the starting point, search for a parking lot within the allowed driving distance from the starting point to prevent the parking lot from being too far away from the electric car's current location, resulting in the electric car not having enough power to reach the parking lot, obtain the daily parking space utilization rate of the searched parking lot and the parking space utilization rate corresponding to the current time period, if the parking space utilization rate corresponding to the current time period is less than the daily parking space utilization rate, it means that there are still parking spaces in the parking lot during the current time period, and the conditions for parking are met, then the parking lot will be included in the recommendation list; if the parking space utilization rate corresponding to the current time period is not less than the daily parking space utilization rate If the charging rate is too low, it means that there are no extra parking spaces in the parking lot and parking is not possible, then the parking lot will not be included in the charging recommendation list; analyze the charging recommendation index corresponding to each parking lot in the recommendation list, and the charging recommendation index is used to reflect the degree of adaptability between the parking lot and the user's expectation of charging the electric vehicle; sort the parking lots in the recommendation list from high to low according to the charging recommendation index and output them. The user can choose the parking lot with the highest charging recommendation index to park, which can reduce the driving cost of the car owner and increase the car owner's income, and also prevent the electric vehicle from charging and discharging slowly. When electric vehicles occupy parking spaces in parking lots for a long time for charging and discharging, it is easy to waste parking space resources in the parking lot, making parking difficult and causing traffic congestion.

[0043] Specifically, the steps for obtaining the charging recommendation index include: obtaining a charging recommendation list and numbering the parking lots in the charging recommendation list; obtaining the number of remaining parking spaces, green index, and expenditure of each parking lot; obtaining the weight of the number of remaining parking spaces on the charging recommendation index, the weight of the green index on the charging recommendation index, and the weight of the expenditure on the charging recommendation index through an objective weighting method; and obtaining the charging recommendation index of each parking lot through a charging recommendation index calculation formula, which is:

[0044]

[0045] Where i is the parking lot number, i=1,2,……,I, I is the total number of parking lots, CDI i is the charging recommendation index of parking lot i, SW i is the number of remaining parking spaces in the i-th parking lot, LV i is the green index of the i-th parking lot, which is used to measure the environmental protection level of the parking lot. i is the expenditure of the i-th parking lot, α1 is the weight of the remaining parking spaces to the charging recommendation index, α2 is the weight of the green index to the charging recommendation index, α3 is the weight of the expenditure to the charging recommendation index, and e is a natural constant.

[0046] In this embodiment, when SW i =10,α1=0.5,LV i =0.8,α2=0.3,ZC i =30, α3 = 0.2, we get CDI i =0.994.

[0047] The closer the charging recommendation index is to 1, the more recommended it is. Based on the comparison of the recommendation indexes of different parking lots, the parking lots are sorted from high to low according to the charging recommendation index and output.

[0048] Furthermore, the green index acquisition step includes: obtaining the types of green charging piles in each parking lot, the number of green charging piles of each type, the number of all charging piles in the parking lot, and the carbon emissions of various green charging piles in the parking lot during charging. Green charging piles are self-generated charging piles, including solar power charging piles, wind power charging piles, and geothermal power charging piles; obtaining the weight of the number of green charging piles divided by the number of all charging piles in the parking lot on the green index, and the weight of the total carbon emissions of various types of green charging piles in the parking lot during charging on the green index through an objective weighting method; obtaining the green index of each parking lot through a green index calculation formula, which is:

[0049]

[0050] Where, is the number of the nth type of green charging piles in the i-th parking lot, n is the type number of the green charging piles in the parking lot, n=1,2,……,N, N is the total number of types of green charging piles in the parking lot, Z i is the number of charging piles in the i-th parking lot, is the carbon emission of the nth type of green charging pile in the i-th parking lot during charging, β1 is the weight of the ratio of the number of green charging piles to the number of all charging piles in the parking lot to the green index, and β2 is the weight of the total carbon emission of all types of green charging piles in the parking lot during charging to the green index.

[0051] In this embodiment, when N=5, Z i =50, β1=0.6,β2=0.4,LV i =0.995.

[0052] The closer the green index is to 1, the more green charging piles there are in the parking lot, and the less carbon emissions the green charging piles emit when charging.

[0053] Furthermore, the parking lot selection rule also includes: when the electric vehicle goes to discharge: obtain the electric vehicle owner's expected discharge amount and the owner's expected driving distance, obtain the parking lot location information, take the electric vehicle's current location as the starting point, and search for a parking lot within the owner's expected driving distance from the starting point; obtain the daily parking space utilization rate of the searched parking lot and the parking space utilization rate corresponding to the current time period, if the parking space utilization rate corresponding to the current time period is less than the daily parking space utilization rate, it means that there are remaining parking spaces in the parking lot, and the parking lot is included in the recommendation list; if the parking space utilization rate corresponding to the current time period is not less than the daily parking space utilization rate, it means that there are no remaining parking spaces in the parking lot, and the parking lot is not included in the discharge recommendation list; analyze the discharge recommendation index corresponding to each parking lot in the recommendation list, the discharge recommendation index is used to reflect the degree of adaptability of the parking lot and the user's expectation for the electric vehicle to go to discharge; sort the various parking lots in the recommendation list from high to low according to the discharge recommendation index and output them.

[0054] Furthermore, the specific steps for obtaining the discharge recommendation index include: obtaining a discharge recommendation list and numbering the parking lots in the discharge recommendation list; obtaining the number of remaining parking spaces, the electric vehicle charging demand index, and the expenditure of each parking lot; obtaining the weight of the number of remaining parking spaces on the discharge recommendation index, the weight of the electric vehicle charging demand index on the discharge recommendation index, and the weight of the expenditure on the discharge recommendation index through an objective weighting method; and obtaining the discharge recommendation index of each parking lot through a discharge recommendation index calculation formula, which is:

[0055]

[0056] Where k is the parking lot number, k = 1, 2, ..., K, K is the total number of parking lots, FDI k is the discharge recommendation index of the kth parking lot, SW k is the number of remaining parking spaces in the kth parking lot, CP k is the electric vehicle charging demand index of the kth parking lot. The electric vehicle charging demand index is used to measure the electricity demand of the parking lot. ZC k is the expenditure of the k-th parking lot, γ1 is the weight of the remaining number of parking spaces to the discharge recommendation index, γ2 is the weight of the electric vehicle charging demand index to the discharge recommendation index, and γ3 is the weight of the expenditure to the discharge recommendation index.

[0057] In this embodiment, when SW k =15,γ1=0.4,CP k =0.9,γ2=0.3,ZC k =20, γ3=0.3, and we get FDI k =0.997.

[0058] The closer the discharge recommendation index is to 1, the higher the benefit of discharging in the parking lot.

[0059] Furthermore, the specific method of obtaining the electric vehicle charging demand index is as follows: obtain the number of charging times, the total charging capacity in the parking lot, the proportion of charging vehicles in the parking lot during peak hours, the number of charging vehicles during peak hours, and the total parking capacity during peak hours in each parking lot; obtain the weight of the number of charging times on the discharge recommendation index, the weight of the total charging capacity in the parking lot on the discharge recommendation index, and the weight of the proportion of charging vehicles during peak hours on the discharge recommendation index through the objective weighting method; obtain the electric vehicle charging demand index of each parking lot through the electric vehicle charging demand index calculation formula, and the electric vehicle charging demand index calculation formula is:

[0060]

[0061] Where, CL k is the number of charging times in the kth parking lot, ZD k is the total charge capacity in the kth parking lot, DB k is the proportion of charging vehicles in the k-th parking lot during peak hours, CS k is the number of charging vehicles in the kth parking lot during peak hours, ZS k is the total parking volume of the k-th parking lot during peak hours, μ1 is the weight of the number of charging times to the discharge recommendation index, μ2 is the weight of the total charging volume in the parking lot to the discharge recommendation index, μ3 is the weight of the proportion of charging vehicles during peak hours to the discharge recommendation index, and π is the pi.

[0062] In this embodiment, when CL k =100, μ1=0.4, ZD k =20, μ2=0.3, DB k =0.8, μ3=0.3, and CP k =0.990.

[0063] The closer the electric vehicle charging demand index is to 1, the higher the charging demand of the parking lot is, and the more suitable it is for car owners to go there to discharge.

[0064] Furthermore, the daily parking space utilization rate is the ratio of the number of occupied parking spaces in a parking lot within a unit time period to the total number of parking spaces in the parking lot.

[0065] In this embodiment, the DWT-ConvGRU-BRC deep model is used to denoise the daily parking space utilization rate using discrete wavelet transform (DWT), and then the convolutional gated recurrent unit network (ConvGRU) is used to extract the temporal correlation of the parking lot itself and the spatial correlation between different parking lots. After the steps are completed, the model will output the predicted parking space utilization rate.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the comprehensive demand response system based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction provided by the technical solution of the present invention. The comprehensive demand response system based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction includes: a data acquisition module, a charging and discharging prompt module, a user interaction module, and a recommendation output module.

[0067] Among them, the data acquisition module is used to obtain the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data of the local power grid, and extract the peak electricity consumption period and the low electricity consumption period based on the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data; the charging and discharging prompt module is used to obtain the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data corresponding to the current time, obtain the current power of the electric vehicle, and issue a charging or discharging prompt based on the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data corresponding to the current time and the current power; the user interaction module is used to obtain the user's expected decision, and the user's expected decision includes the electric vehicle going to discharge and the electric vehicle going to charge; the recommendation output module is used to recommend multiple parking lots to the user through the parking lot selection rules according to the user's expected decision, and when the electric vehicle is connected to the bidirectional charger in the electric vehicle charging station, energy interaction between the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle charging station is realized.

[0068] The technical solution of the present invention obtains local peak and off-peak electricity consumption periods; obtains user expectations, which include electric vehicle discharge and electric vehicle charging; and recommends multiple parking lots to the user based on the user's expectations using parking lot selection rules, thereby achieving energy exchange between electric vehicles and electric vehicle charging stations. This solves the problem in the prior art that the charging and discharging process of electric vehicles is relatively slow. When electric vehicles occupy parking spaces for a long time in parking lots for charging and discharging, it easily wastes parking space resources, making parking difficult and causing traffic congestion. By analyzing the current parking lot usage rate and daily usage rate in real time, users are prevented from going to already crowded parking lots, effectively preventing traffic congestion caused by parking difficulties. By prioritizing parking lots with green charging piles, compared with traditional power generation models, carbon emissions when charging electric vehicles are effectively reduced, solving the problem in the prior art that parking difficulties lead to traffic congestion, which in turn leads to higher carbon emissions and further waste of resources.

[0069] The present invention can be widely used in the field of integrated energy operation management and dispatching of power grids.

Claims

1. A comprehensive demand response method based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction, characterized by: Obtain the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data of the local power grid, and extract the peak and valley hours of electricity consumption based on the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data of the power grid; Obtain the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data corresponding to the current time, obtain the current power of the electric vehicle, and issue a charging or discharging prompt based on the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data corresponding to the current time and the current power of the electric vehicle; Acquire a user desired decision, where the user desired decision includes whether the electric vehicle is to be discharged or charged; According to the user's desired decision, multiple parking lots are recommended to the user through parking lot selection rules. When the electric vehicle is connected to the bidirectional charger in the electric vehicle charging station, energy interaction is achieved between the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle charging station.

2. The comprehensive demand response method based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction according to claim 1 is characterized in that The specific process of issuing a charging or discharging reminder based on the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data corresponding to the current time and the current power of the electric vehicle is as follows: Obtaining the current power level of the electric vehicle at the current time, and if the current time is a peak power consumption period and the current power level of the electric vehicle is higher than a desired threshold, issuing a prompt indicating that the electric vehicle meets the discharge requirement; If the current time period is a low-peak time period for electricity consumption, and the current power level of the electric vehicle is not higher than the expected threshold, a prompt is issued to the electric vehicle to ensure that the charging demand is met; If the current time period is a peak time period and the current power level of the electric vehicle is not higher than the expected threshold, or the current time period is a low time period and the current power level of the electric vehicle is higher than the expected threshold, no prompt will be given.

3. The comprehensive demand response method based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction according to claim 1 is characterized in that The parking lot selection rules include: When an electric car goes to charge: Obtain the allowed driving distance of the electric vehicle based on its current power level and the location information of the parking lot. Using the electric vehicle's current location as the starting point, search for parking lots within the allowed driving distance. Get the daily parking space utilization rate of the searched parking lot and the parking space utilization rate corresponding to the current time period. If the parking space utilization rate corresponding to the current time period is lower than the daily parking space utilization rate, then include the parking lot in the recommendation list; If the parking space utilization rate corresponding to the current time period is not less than the daily parking space utilization rate, the parking lot will not be included in the charging recommendation list; Analyze the charging recommendation index corresponding to each parking lot in the recommendation list, wherein the charging recommendation index is used to reflect the degree of compatibility between the parking lot and the user's desired decision to charge the electric vehicle; Sort each parking lot in the recommendation list from high to low according to the charging recommendation index and output it.

4. The comprehensive demand response method based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction according to claim 3 is characterized in that The specific steps of obtaining the charging recommendation index include: Obtain a recommended charging list and number the parking lots in the recommended charging list; Obtain the number of remaining parking spaces, green index, and expenditure of each parking lot; The objective weighting method is used to obtain the weight of the remaining parking spaces on the charging recommendation index, the weight of the green index on the charging recommendation index, and the weight of the expenditure on the charging recommendation index; The charging recommendation index of each parking lot is obtained by the charging recommendation index calculation formula, and the charging recommendation index calculation formula is: Where i is the parking lot number, i=1,2,……,I, I is the total number of parking lots, CDI i is the charging recommendation index of parking lot i, SW i is the number of remaining parking spaces in the i-th parking lot, LV i is the green index of the i-th parking lot, which is used to measure the environmental protection level of the parking lot, ZC i is the expenditure of the i-th parking lot, α1 is the weight of the remaining parking spaces to the charging recommendation index, α2 is the weight of the green index to the charging recommendation index, α3 is the weight of the expenditure to the charging recommendation index, and e is a natural constant.

5. The comprehensive demand response method based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction according to claim 4 is characterized in that The green index acquisition step includes: Obtain the types of green charging piles in each parking lot, the number of each type of green charging piles, the total number of charging piles in the parking lot, and the carbon emissions of each type of green charging pile in the parking lot; The objective weighting method is used to obtain the weight of the ratio of the number of green charging piles to the total number of charging piles in the parking lot on the green index, and the weight of the total carbon emissions of various types of green charging piles in the parking lot on the green index; The green index of each parking lot is obtained by the green index calculation formula, which is: Where, is the number of the nth type of green charging piles in the i-th parking lot, n is the type number of the green charging piles in the parking lot, n=1,2,……,N, N is the total number of types of green charging piles in the parking lot, Z i is the number of charging piles in the i-th parking lot, is the carbon emission of the nth type of green charging pile in the i-th parking lot during charging, β1 is the weight of the ratio of the number of green charging piles to the number of all charging piles in the parking lot to the green index, and β2 is the weight of the total carbon emission of all types of green charging piles in the parking lot during charging to the green index.

6. The comprehensive demand response method based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction according to claim 1 is characterized in that The parking lot selection rules also include: When an electric vehicle is discharged: Obtain the expected discharge amount and expected driving distance of the electric vehicle owner, obtain parking lot location information, and use the current location of the electric vehicle as the starting point to search for parking lots within the owner's expected driving distance. Get the daily parking space utilization rate of the searched parking lot and the parking space utilization rate corresponding to the current time period. If the parking space utilization rate corresponding to the current time period is lower than the daily parking space utilization rate, then include the parking lot in the recommendation list; If the parking space utilization rate corresponding to the current period is not less than the daily parking space utilization rate, the parking lot will not be included in the discharge recommendation list; Analyze the discharge recommendation index corresponding to each parking lot in the recommendation list, wherein the discharge recommendation index is used to reflect the degree of compatibility between the parking lot and the user's desired decision to discharge the electric vehicle; Sort each parking lot in the recommendation list from high to low according to the discharge recommendation index and output it.

7. The comprehensive demand response method based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction according to claim 6 is characterized in that The specific steps of obtaining the discharge recommendation index include: Obtain a discharge recommendation list and number the parking lots in the discharge recommendation list; Obtain the number of remaining parking spaces, electric vehicle charging demand index, and expenditure in each parking lot; The objective weighting method is used to obtain the weight of the remaining parking spaces on the discharge recommendation index, the weight of the electric vehicle charging demand index on the discharge recommendation index, and the weight of the expenditure on the discharge recommendation index; The discharge recommendation index of each parking lot is obtained by the discharge recommendation index calculation formula, and the discharge recommendation index calculation formula is: Where k is the parking lot number, k = 1, 2, ..., K, K is the total number of parking lots, FDI k is the discharge recommendation index of the kth parking lot, SW k is the number of remaining parking spaces in the kth parking lot, CP k is the electric vehicle charging demand index of the kth parking lot, which is used to measure the electricity demand of the parking lot, ZC k is the expenditure of the k-th parking lot, γ1 is the weight of the remaining number of parking spaces to the discharge recommendation index, γ2 is the weight of the electric vehicle charging demand index to the discharge recommendation index, γ3 is the weight of the expenditure to the discharge recommendation index, and e is a natural constant.

8. The comprehensive demand response method based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction according to claim 1 is characterized in that The specific method of obtaining the electric vehicle charging demand index is as follows: Obtain the number of charging times in each parking lot, the total charging capacity in the parking lot, the proportion of charging vehicles in the parking lot during peak hours, the number of charging vehicles during peak hours, and the total parking capacity during peak hours; The objective weighting method is used to obtain the weight of the number of charging times on the discharge recommendation index, the weight of the total charging amount in the parking lot on the discharge recommendation index, and the weight of the proportion of charging vehicles during peak hours on the discharge recommendation index; The electric vehicle charging demand index of each parking lot is obtained by the electric vehicle charging demand index calculation formula, and the electric vehicle charging demand index calculation formula is: Where, CL k is the number of charging times in the kth parking lot, ZD k is the total charge capacity in the kth parking lot, DB k is the proportion of charging vehicles in the k-th parking lot during peak hours, CS k is the number of charging vehicles in the kth parking lot during peak hours, ZS k is the total parking volume of the k-th parking lot during peak hours, μ1 is the weight of the number of charging times to the discharge recommendation index, μ2 is the weight of the total charging volume in the parking lot to the discharge recommendation index, μ3 is the weight of the proportion of charging vehicles during peak hours to the discharge recommendation index, and π is the pi.

9. The comprehensive demand response method based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction according to claim 1 is characterized in that The daily parking space utilization rate is the ratio of the number of occupied parking spaces in a parking lot within a unit time period to the total number of parking spaces in the parking lot.

10. A comprehensive demand response system based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction, characterized by: The comprehensive demand response system based on source-load coordinated carbon reduction includes: a data acquisition module, a charge and discharge prompt module, a user interaction module, and a recommendation output module; The data acquisition module is used to obtain the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data of the local power grid, and extract the peak and valley time periods of electricity consumption based on the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data; The charging and discharging prompt module is used to obtain the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data corresponding to the current time, obtain the current power of the electric vehicle, and issue a charging or discharging prompt based on the peak and valley time-of-use electricity price data corresponding to the current time and the current power; The user interaction module is used to obtain a user's desired decision, wherein the user's desired decision includes whether the electric vehicle is to be discharged or charged; The recommendation output module is used to recommend multiple parking lots to the user based on the user's expectations through parking lot selection rules, and when the electric vehicle is connected to the bidirectional charger in the electric vehicle charging station, energy interaction between the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle charging station is realized.

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