Transformer anti-overload scheduling method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a transformer anti-overload scheduling method and device, and the method comprises the steps: periodically collecting the operation data of a transformer and energy storage equipment in a transformer area power supply system, and calculating the real-time load of the transformer in a current collection period based on the operation data in the current collection period; if the real-time load is greater than the load control limit value and the energy storage electric quantity of the energy storage equipment is greater than a first electric quantity threshold value, controlling the energy storage equipment to discharge to load equipment in the power supply area of the transformer area power supply system; and if the real-time load is smaller than or equal to the load control limit value, controlling the energy storage equipment to charge at the target charging power, or controlling the energy storage equipment to stop charging and discharging. It can be seen that the method can achieve integrated dispatching of the transformer and the energy storage equipment by periodically executing multiple links such as load collection, historical data analysis, load control limit value judgment and energy storage equipment dispatching, it is ensured that the transformer and the energy storage equipment can be effectively matched when the load fluctuates, and the power supply stability is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of power systems, and in particular to a transformer overload prevention scheduling method and device. Background Art

[0002] With rapid socioeconomic development, electricity demand continues to grow, and the scale and complexity of power systems are increasing. Transformers, as key equipment in substation power supply systems, undertake the crucial task of converting and distributing electrical energy. However, due to the dynamic nature of power loads, transformer overload is a common occurrence. Transformer overload refers to the load it carries exceeding its design or rated capacity.

[0003] Traditionally, solutions to transformer overload problems have primarily involved increasing transformer capacity or implementing load limiting measures. Increasing transformer capacity is the most direct way to address overload. Replacing a larger transformer or connecting multiple transformers in parallel can effectively improve power supply capacity and reduce overload. However, increasing transformer capacity requires significant investment and can be challenging in practice due to limitations such as site availability and equipment selection. Furthermore, since loads are dynamic, simply increasing transformer capacity is difficult to adapt to these fluctuations.

[0004] Load limiting is another common solution, primarily controlling users' maximum power load to prevent transformer overload. This approach typically involves setting load limits for certain areas or time periods. While load limiting can alleviate overload pressure to a certain extent, it often lacks flexibility and is difficult to adapt to complex and changing power load demands. It can also impact users' normal power usage. Therefore, traditional solutions to transformer overload are difficult to adapt flexibly to dynamic load fluctuations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a transformer overload prevention scheduling method and device to solve the problem that traditional methods are difficult to flexibly adapt to dynamic load changes when alleviating transformer overload problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a transformer overload prevention scheduling method, comprising: periodically collecting operating data of transformers and energy storage devices in a substation power supply system, and calculating the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period based on the operating data of the current collection period; judging whether the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period is greater than the load control limit; wherein the load control limit is determined based on the operating data of the transformer and energy storage device collected historically over the past N days, N≥1; if the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period is greater than the load control limit, and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device is greater than a first capacity threshold, controlling the energy storage device to discharge to the load device in the power supply area of ​​the substation power supply system; if the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period is less than or equal to the load control limit, controlling the energy storage device to charge at a target charging power, or controlling the energy storage device to stop charging and discharging, and the target charging power is calculated based on the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period and the load control limit.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the operating data is a data set consisting of the apparent power of the transformer, the real-time power factor of the transformer, the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device, the real-time power of the energy storage device, and the acquisition time; the real-time load of the transformer is the actual load of the transformer after removing the influence of the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device, and the real-time load of the transformer is calculated based on the first formula; the first formula is: P 真实 =P 实时 -F 实时 / E 实时 Among them, P 真实 is the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle, P 实时 is the apparent power of the transformer corresponding to the current acquisition cycle, F 实时 is the real-time power of the energy storage device corresponding to the current acquisition period, E 实时 It is the real-time power factor of the transformer corresponding to the current acquisition cycle.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the method also includes: at a preset time point every day, calculating the average of the real-time load of the transformer in each historical collection cycle in the past N days to obtain the historical average load; calculating the historical average load rate based on the historical average load and the rated capacity of the transformer; if the historical average load rate is greater than or equal to the first load rate threshold and less than the second load rate threshold, determining that the substation is a heavy load substation, and determining that the load rate limit of the transformer in the substation power supply system is equal to the second load rate threshold; if the historical average load rate is less than the first load rate threshold, determining that the substation is a general load substation, and determining that the load rate limit is equal to the first load rate threshold; calculating the product of the load rate limit and the rated capacity of the transformer to obtain the load control limit.

[0009] In one possible implementation, if the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle is greater than the load control limit, and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device is greater than the first capacity threshold, the step of controlling the energy storage device to discharge to the load device in the power supply area of ​​the substation power supply system includes: if the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle is greater than the load control limit, judging whether the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device corresponding to the current acquisition cycle is greater than the first capacity threshold; if the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device corresponding to the current acquisition cycle is greater than the first capacity threshold, calculating the transformer demand power, which refers to the power released by the energy storage device required to adjust the load of the transformer to within the load control limit; determining the target discharge power of the energy storage device, which is the minimum value between the transformer demand power and the maximum charge and discharge power of the energy storage device; generating a first adjustment instruction based on the target discharge power of the energy storage device, and issuing the first adjustment instruction to the energy storage device so that the energy storage device discharges at the target discharge power; the transformer demand power is calculated based on the second formula, which is: F 需求 =(P 真实 -P 限 value)*a / E real-time; where: F demand represents the transformer demand power; P real represents the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle; P 限值 Indicates the load control limit; a is the first adjustment coefficient, and a>1; E 实时 It is the real-time power factor of the transformer corresponding to the current acquisition cycle.

[0010] In one possible implementation, if the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is greater than the load control limit, after the step of determining whether the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device corresponding to the current acquisition period is greater than the first capacity threshold, the method further includes: if the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device corresponding to the current acquisition period is less than or equal to the first capacity threshold, and if the energy storage device is in a discharging state, generating a second adjustment instruction, and issuing the second adjustment instruction to the energy storage device to stop discharging the energy storage device.

[0011] In one possible implementation, if the real-time load of the transformer is less than or equal to the load control limit, controlling the energy storage device to charge at the target charging power, or controlling the energy storage device to stop charging or discharging includes: determining whether the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle is greater than the historical average load; if the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle is greater than the historical average load, and if the energy storage device is in a charging state, generating a third adjustment instruction, and issuing the third adjustment instruction to the energy storage device to stop charging the energy storage device; if the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle is less than or equal to the historical average load, determining whether the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device collected in the current acquisition cycle is greater than or equal to a second capacity threshold, the second capacity threshold being greater than the first capacity threshold; if the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device collected in the current acquisition cycle is greater than or equal to the second capacity threshold, generating a fourth adjustment instruction, and issuing the fourth adjustment instruction to the energy storage device to stop charging or discharging the energy storage device.

[0012] In one possible implementation, if the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period is less than or equal to the historical average load, after the step of determining whether the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device collected in the current collection period is greater than or equal to the second capacity threshold, the method further includes: if the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device collected in the current collection period is less than the second capacity threshold, calculating the transformer limit power, where the transformer limit power refers to the maximum charging power of the transformer for charging the energy storage device without exceeding the load control limit; determining the target charging power, where the target charging power is the minimum value between the transformer limit power and the maximum charge and discharge power of the energy storage device; generating a fifth adjustment instruction based on the target charging power, and issuing the fifth adjustment instruction to the energy storage device so that the energy storage device is charged at the target charging power; the transformer limit power is calculated based on the third formula, which is: F 限制 =(P 限值 -P 真实 )*b; where: F 限制 Indicates transformer limited power; P 限值 Indicates load control limit; P 真实 represents the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle; b is the second adjustment coefficient, and b<1.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: calculating the pre-dispatching load rate and the post-dispatching load rate for each historical collection period within the target time period; wherein the pre-dispatching load rate refers to the load rate of the transformer if the energy storage device is not charged or discharged; the post-dispatching load rate is the actual load rate of the transformer; the pre-dispatching load rate is calculated based on the fourth formula, which is: R 调度前 =(P 指定 +F 指定 / E 指定 ) / SN *100%; of which: R 调度前 is the load rate before dispatch; P 指定 is the apparent power of the transformer in a historical acquisition cycle; F 指定 is the real-time power of the energy storage device during the historical collection period; E 指定 The real-time power factor of the transformer during the historical acquisition period; S N is the rated capacity of the transformer; the load rate after dispatch is calculated based on the fifth formula, which is: R 调度后 =P 指定 / S N *100%; where R 调度后 is the load rate after scheduling; P 指定 The real-time power of the transformer during the historical acquisition period; S N is the rated capacity of the transformer; and / or, calculating the average value of all pre-dispatching load rates to obtain the mean value of the pre-dispatching load rates; and / or, calculating the average value of all post-dispatching load rates to obtain the mean value of the post-dispatching load rates; and / or, substituting the pre-dispatching load rate and the post-dispatching load rate into the standard deviation calculation formula to obtain the load rate standard deviation; and / or, determining the maximum value of all pre-dispatching load rates to obtain the maximum value of the pre-dispatching load rate; and / or, calculating the maximum value of all post-dispatching load rates to obtain the maximum value of the post-dispatching load rate.

[0014] In one possible implementation, after the step of calculating the pre-scheduling load rate and the post-scheduling load rate for each historical collection period within the target time period, the step further includes: counting a first number of pre-scheduling load rates within a first range, and calculating the product of the first number and the first duration to obtain the pre-scheduling overload duration; the first range is that the pre-scheduling load rate is greater than the second load rate threshold, and the first duration is equal to the duration of the collection period; and / or, counting a second number of post-scheduling load rates within the first range, and calculating the product of the second number and the first duration to obtain the post-scheduling overload duration; and / or, counting a third number of pre-scheduling load rates within the second range, and calculating the product of the third number and the first duration to obtain the pre-scheduling warning duration; the second range is that the pre-scheduling load rate is less than or equal to the second load rate threshold and greater than the second load rate threshold; and / or, counting a fourth number of post-scheduling load rates within the second range, and calculating the product of the fourth number and the first duration to obtain the post-scheduling warning duration.

[0015] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present application also provides a transformer overload prevention scheduling device, including: an acquisition and operation module, which is used to periodically acquire the operating data of the transformer and energy storage equipment in the substation power supply system, and calculate the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period based on the operating data of the current acquisition period; a judgment module, which is used to determine whether the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is greater than the load control limit; wherein the load control limit is determined based on the operating data of the transformer and energy storage equipment collected historically over the past N days, N≥1; a first control module, if the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is greater than the load control limit, and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device is greater than the first capacity threshold, the first control module is used to control the energy storage device to discharge to the load device in the power supply area of ​​the substation power supply system; a second control module, if the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is less than or equal to the load control limit, the second control module is used to control the energy storage device to charge at a target charging power, or to control the energy storage device to stop charging and discharging, and the target charging power is calculated based on the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period and the load control limit.

[0016] From the above content, it can be seen that the embodiment of the present application provides a transformer overload prevention scheduling method and device, which is applied to the control platform of the substation, and the power supply system of the substation includes at least a transformer and an energy storage device; the method includes: periodically collecting the operating data of the transformer and energy storage device in the substation power supply system, and calculating the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period based on the operating data of the current collection period; judging whether the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period is greater than the load control limit; wherein the load control limit is determined based on the operating data of the transformer and energy storage device collected historically over the past N days, N≥1; if the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period is greater than the load control limit, and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device is greater than the first capacity threshold, the energy storage device is controlled to discharge to the load device in the power supply area of ​​the substation power supply system; if the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period is less than or equal to the load control limit, the energy storage device is controlled to charge at the target charging power, or the energy storage device is controlled to stop charging and discharging, and the target charging power is calculated based on the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period and the load control limit. As can be seen, the method provided in the embodiments of this application can achieve integrated scheduling of transformer energy storage devices by periodically executing multiple steps, including load collection, historical data analysis, load control limit determination, and energy storage device scheduling. This ensures that the transformer and energy storage device can effectively cooperate when there are load fluctuations, ensuring the stability and reliability of the power supply. Dynamic scheduling based on real-time load monitoring and data optimizes energy utilization and improves the operating efficiency of the power supply system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the power supply system of the substation provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a first flow chart of a transformer overload prevention scheduling method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 A second flow chart of the transformer overload prevention scheduling method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a flow chart for calculating load control limits provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a first process flow for integrated scheduling of transformer energy storage equipment provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 A second flow diagram of integrated scheduling of transformer energy storage equipment provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a transformer overload protection scheduling device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] Before introducing the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, an exemplary introduction to the terms involved in the embodiments of the present application is first given.

[0026] 1. Substation: refers to the power supply range or area of ​​a transformer, usually a residential area, commercial area or industrial area, etc.

[0027] 2. Substation power supply system: refers to a basic unit in the distribution network, usually consisting of a substation, transformer, distribution lines and load users, used to distribute high-voltage electricity to various users after reducing the voltage through the transformer.

[0028] 3. Transformer overload: refers to the situation where the load of the transformer exceeds its rated capacity or rated power. When the load of the transformer exceeds its designed maximum load capacity, overload will occur.

[0029] 4. Energy storage equipment: refers to equipment used to store and release electrical energy, which can provide rapid power support through the charging and discharging process, and help adjust the balance of electricity supply and demand in the power grid.

[0030] 5. Source-grid-load-storage integration: This is a power system operation mode that deeply integrates power sources, power grids, loads and energy storage, aiming to improve the stability, reliability and economy of the power system.

[0031] With rapid socioeconomic development, electricity demand continues to grow, and the scale and complexity of power systems are increasing. Transformers, as key equipment in substation power supply systems, undertake the crucial task of converting and distributing electrical energy. However, due to the dynamic nature of power loads, transformer overload is a common occurrence. Transformer overload refers to the load it carries exceeding its design or rated capacity.

[0032] Traditionally, solutions to transformer overload problems have primarily involved increasing transformer capacity or implementing load limiting measures. Increasing transformer capacity is the most direct way to address overload. Replacing a larger transformer or connecting multiple transformers in parallel can effectively improve power supply capacity and reduce overload. However, increasing transformer capacity requires significant investment and can be challenging in practice due to limitations such as site availability and equipment selection. Furthermore, since loads are dynamic, simply increasing transformer capacity is difficult to adapt to these fluctuations.

[0033] Load limiting is another common solution, primarily controlling users' maximum power load to prevent transformer overload. This approach typically involves setting load limits for certain areas or time periods. While load limiting can alleviate overload pressure to a certain extent, it often lacks flexibility and is difficult to adapt to complex and changing power load demands. It can also impact users' normal power usage. Therefore, traditional solutions to transformer overload are difficult to adapt flexibly to dynamic load fluctuations.

[0034] The embodiment of the present application provides a transformer overload prevention scheduling method and device, which can formulate a reasonable scheduling strategy by real-time monitoring of the operating status and load conditions of the transformer and combining the charging and discharging characteristics of the energy storage device. When it is detected that the transformer has an overload trend, the energy storage device is controlled to discharge to supplement the power supply capacity of the transformer; when the transformer load is low, the energy storage device is controlled to charge to prepare for subsequent possible overload conditions. In this way, the overload problem that may occur during the operation of the transformer can be solved, and the energy storage device can be efficiently used to alleviate the overload condition, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the power system.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the power supply system of the substation provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, the power supply system of the substation includes at least a transformer, an energy storage device, multiple load devices and a control platform. Among them, the transformer can be used to convert the high-voltage electric energy of the distribution network into low-voltage electric energy for use by the load devices, ensuring the normal power supply of each load device.

[0037] The energy storage device is used to store electrical energy when the grid load is low and release it during peak hours to balance the grid load and improve the reliability and stability of the power supply. The energy storage device can be different types of batteries, such as lithium batteries, lead-acid batteries, sodium-sulfur batteries, etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application. In the embodiments of the present application, the energy storage device can be monitored and analyzed by the battery management system (Energy Management System, EMS). Specifically, the EMS system is an integrated software platform that can be used to monitor and analyze the operation of the energy storage device in real time, and the EMS system can communicate with the control platform to achieve efficient operation of the energy storage device, energy saving and consumption reduction, and coordination with the grid or other energy systems. It is worth noting that after the transformer converts high-voltage electrical energy into low-voltage electrical energy, it can also transmit the low-voltage electrical energy to the energy storage device to charge the energy storage device.

[0038] Load devices refer to various types of electrical equipment within a substation, including residential, commercial, and industrial users. The power demand of load devices fluctuates. For example, during peak demand periods, the power supply system experiences high pressure, placing a heavy load on transformers. During off-peak demand periods, the system experiences low pressure, placing relatively low load on transformers. The power demand of load devices is affected by a variety of factors, including seasonal variations, weather, and work hours.

[0039] The control platform is used to transmit data and issue commands in real time with transformers and energy storage equipment (or EMS systems), making timely scheduling decisions and ensuring efficient coordination of the power supply system. Communication methods can rely on technologies such as 5G, LoRa, and Wi-Fi, and are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the application.

[0040] Furthermore, the power supply system of the substation may also include an energy meter, which may be installed on the high-voltage or low-voltage side of the transformer to monitor the transformer's power consumption and operating status. In some implementations, the energy meter may also be installed at the input (charging) or output (discharging) end of the energy storage device, as well as on the load device side. This may be adjusted based on actual needs, and the embodiments of this application do not impose specific limitations on this.

[0041] Figure 2 A first flow chart of the transformer overload prevention scheduling method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Figure 3A second flow chart of the transformer overload prevention scheduling method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a transformer overload prevention scheduling method, which can be applied to the power supply system of the substation, and specifically to the control platform of the power supply system. The method can include steps S100-S400.

[0044] S100: Periodically collect operating data of transformers and energy storage devices in the power supply system of the substation, and calculate the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period based on the operating data in the current collection period.

[0045] The periodic collection can be performed once every minute, that is, the collection period can be one minute, and the corresponding collection frequency is 1 time / min. In some implementations, the periodic collection can also be performed once every two minutes or every five minutes. This can be designed based on actual conditions and is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0046] Furthermore, for the transformer, the embodiment of the present application can periodically obtain its apparent power P and real-time power factor E, where the unit of apparent power can be kVA, and the power factor is a coefficient to measure the efficiency of electrical equipment, which is equal to the ratio of active power to apparent power.

[0047] For energy storage devices, embodiments of the present application can periodically obtain their energy storage capacity S and real-time power F. The energy storage capacity, also known as the State of Charge (SoC), represents the percentage of the energy storage device's current remaining capacity to its total capacity, expressed in %. The real-time power is the charge and discharge power of the energy storage device. When the energy storage device is charging, its real-time power is positive, and when the energy storage device is discharging, its real-time power is negative.

[0048] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application can align the five attribute values ​​(apparent power P, real-time power factor E, energy storage capacity S of the energy storage device, real-time power F and acquisition time T) within the same period based on time, for example, by minute, to form operating data, that is, to form a data group Q (P, E, S, F, T). Among them, the actual acquisition time of different attribute values ​​can be the same or different, as long as the actual acquisition time is within the same acquisition period. At this time, the acquisition time T in the operating data can be, for example, the right boundary of the period. For example, if the acquisition period is 17:33:00 on December 17, 2024-17:33:59 on December 17, 2024, then the acquisition time in the data group Q can be 17:33:59 on December 17, 2024.

[0049] In some implementations, some static parameters may also be obtained, for example, the rated capacity S of the transformer N , in kVA; the rated capacity of the energy storage device, in kWh; the maximum charge and discharge power F of the energy storage device max , unit kW, the maximum charge and discharge power of the energy storage device refers to the maximum charging or discharging power that the energy storage device can perform per unit time.

[0050] It is worth noting that the operating data of transformers and energy storage equipment can be obtained through electricity meters and docking with the EMS system.

[0051] Furthermore, the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period can be calculated based on the first formula. The first formula is:

[0052] P 真实 =P 实时 -F 实时 / E 实时 ;

[0053] Among them, P 真实 is the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle, P 实时 is the apparent power of the transformer corresponding to the current acquisition cycle, F 实时 is the real-time power of the energy storage device corresponding to the current acquisition period, E 实时 It is the real-time power factor of the transformer corresponding to the current acquisition cycle.

[0054] It can be understood that when the operating data corresponding to a certain collection period is used to perform calculation based on the first formula, the real-time load of the transformer in the collection period can be obtained.

[0055] The apparent power of the transformer can represent its load condition. Since the apparent power of the transformer is the result of the combined effect of the load device and the energy storage device, the embodiment of the present application can remove the effect of the charging and discharging of the energy storage device from the apparent power of the transformer meter to restore the real load P 真实 , that is, the real-time load of the transformer is the real load of the transformer after removing the impact of the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device. 实时 is the real-time power factor of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle, F 实时 is the real-time power of the energy storage device in the current acquisition cycle, P 实时 is the apparent power of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle. Since the apparent power refers to the total power of the transformer, including active power and reactive power, the power factor is equal to the ratio of active power to apparent power. Therefore, calculate P 实时 With F 实时 / E 实时The difference step is to remove the influence of the energy storage device's charging and discharging power and obtain the transformer's true load (real-time load). It is understood that the unit of real-time load is kW.

[0056] S200: Determine whether the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period is greater than a load control limit; wherein the load control limit is determined based on the operation data of the transformer and the energy storage device collected historically over the past N days, where N≥1.

[0057] It's understood that the load control limit is a dynamically adjusted threshold value, derived from statistical analysis of the past N days' operating data. By comparing the real-time load with the load control limit, it's possible to determine whether the transformer is operating in an overloaded state.

[0058] In some implementations, the operating data for the past N days can be obtained from a preset database, where N is equal to 5, 7, or 14, for example. This embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0059] S300: If the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is greater than the load control limit, and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device is greater than the first capacity threshold, control the energy storage device to discharge to the load device within the power supply area of ​​the substation power supply system.

[0060] When the real-time load exceeds the load control limit, it indicates that the transformer is under excessive load, which may affect the stability and quality of the power supply system. In this case, the embodiment of the present application can release electrical energy through the energy storage device to reduce the load pressure of the transformer, avoid transformer overload, and maintain power supply stability.

[0061] Furthermore, the first power threshold is, for example, equal to 5% or 10%. When the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device is greater than the first power threshold, the energy storage device is controlled to discharge, thereby avoiding the energy storage device being discharged due to too little remaining capacity, which affects subsequent power scheduling.

[0062] S400: If the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is less than or equal to the load control limit, control the energy storage device to charge at the target charging power, or control the energy storage device to stop charging or discharging, where the target charging power is calculated based on the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period and the load control limit.

[0063] When the real-time load is less than or equal to the load control limit, it means that the load pressure of the transformer is relatively small and the power supply system has more margin. At this time, the embodiment of the present application can enter the charging management stage of the energy storage device. Specifically, the embodiment of the present application can determine the target charging power for charging the energy storage device based on the size of the real-time load and the load control limit, and then control the energy storage device to charge at the target charging power. It is worth noting that during the charging stage, the embodiment of the present application can control the transformer to transmit electrical energy to the energy storage device. Alternatively, the embodiment of the present application can also control the energy storage device to stop charging and discharging based on the real-time load and the operating conditions of the energy storage device. The specific control steps will be described in detail below and will not be repeated here.

[0064] From the above content, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present application provides a transformer overload prevention scheduling method, which is applied to the control platform of the substation, and the power supply system of the substation includes at least a transformer and an energy storage device; the method includes: periodically collecting the operating data of the transformer and energy storage device in the substation power supply system, and calculating the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period based on the operating data of the current collection period; judging whether the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period is greater than the load control limit; wherein the load control limit is determined based on the operating data of the transformer and energy storage device collected historically over the past N days, N≥1; if the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period is greater than the load control limit, and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device is greater than the first capacity threshold, the energy storage device is controlled to discharge to the load device in the power supply area of ​​the substation power supply system; if the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period is less than or equal to the load control limit, the energy storage device is controlled to charge at the target charging power, or the energy storage device is controlled to stop charging and discharging, and the target charging power is calculated based on the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period and the load control limit. As can be seen, the method provided in the embodiments of this application can achieve integrated scheduling of transformer energy storage devices by periodically executing multiple steps, including load collection, historical data analysis, load control limit determination, and energy storage device scheduling. This ensures that the transformer and energy storage device can effectively cooperate when there are load fluctuations, ensuring the stability and reliability of the power supply. Dynamic scheduling based on real-time load monitoring and data optimizes energy utilization and improves the operating efficiency of the power supply system.

[0065] Furthermore, the process of collecting operational data also includes a data cleaning step. This is because the equipment operational data collected on-site is inevitably subject to data anomalies and missing data due to the influence of the electromagnetic environment and network status. The purpose of data cleaning is to pre-process the raw data to remove outliers, improve data quality and reliability, and provide an accurate and effective data foundation for subsequent analysis and modeling.

[0066] The specific steps for data cleaning are as follows:

[0067] (1) Transformer apparent power: When the transformer apparent power is greater than 5 times the transformer rated capacity or less than minus 5 times the transformer rated capacity, it is considered as data abnormality and is eliminated.

[0068] In some cases, the apparent power of a transformer can be negative. Furthermore, "-5 times the transformer's rated capacity" refers to multiplying the transformer's rated capacity by -5. If the apparent power of a transformer is negative and less than -5 times the transformer's rated capacity, it can be determined that the apparent power value is an outlier and should be eliminated. Similarly, if the apparent power of a transformer is positive and greater than 5 times the transformer's rated capacity, the apparent power value is also an outlier and should be eliminated.

[0069] It should be noted that whether a transformer's apparent power is negative depends primarily on whether the real-time power factor is negative and the direction of the current; it is not necessarily negative. If the power factor is negative (i.e., the current direction of the transformer is opposite to the voltage direction), the transformer's apparent power can be negative. The real-time power factor refers to the instantaneous value of the power factor under the current load and can be calculated and adjusted in real time.

[0070] (2) Energy storage capacity of energy storage equipment: When the energy storage capacity is greater than 110% or less than 0, it is considered as data abnormality and is eliminated.

[0071] (3) Real-time power of energy storage equipment: When the real-time power of energy storage equipment is greater than 2 times the maximum charge and discharge power of the energy storage equipment or less than -2 times the maximum charge and discharge power, it is considered as data anomaly and is eliminated.

[0072] In some cases, such as when the energy storage device is discharging, the real-time power of the energy storage device can be negative. Furthermore, "-2 times the maximum charge / discharge power" refers to multiplying the maximum charge / discharge power by -2. If the real-time power of the energy storage device is negative and less than -2 times the maximum charge / discharge power, it can be determined that the real-time power value is an outlier and should be eliminated. Similarly, if the real-time power of the energy storage device is positive and greater than 2 times the maximum charge / discharge power, the real-time power value is also an outlier and should be eliminated.

[0073] Furthermore, in this embodiment, if data is determined to be abnormal or missing within a certain collection cycle, and the data from the previous cycle is normal, the data from the previous cycle can be used to replace the data from the current collection cycle. If the data from the previous cycle is also identified as abnormal or missing, the output result of the operating data of the current collection cycle can be processed as empty, deemed to be missing valid data, and the collection cycle can be deemed to be an invalid collection cycle. In this case, scheduling can be omitted for the collection cycle, and the next collection cycle can be awaited. After the data replacement is completed, if the real-time data satisfies the simultaneous presence of all five attribute values ​​at the same time, the data group can be deemed a valid data group, and the corresponding collection cycle can also be referred to as a valid collection cycle.

[0074] Furthermore, the step of calculating load control limits can also be referred to as "load signature recognition." This step aims to accurately determine the transformer's load status by analyzing historical operating data of the transformer and energy storage device, providing a basis for subsequent dispatch decisions. Load signature recognition can cover the last seven days of data, with calculations and updates occurring daily at a fixed time, such as 00:00 AM. The specific steps are as follows.

[0075] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a flow chart for calculating load control limits provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0076] like Figure 4 As shown, the embodiment of the present application also includes the following steps S501-S505.

[0077] S501: At a preset time point every day, calculate the average of the real-time load of the transformer in each historical collection period in the past N days to obtain a historical average load.

[0078] For example, the preset time point may be 00:00, N may be equal to 7, and the collection period may be equal to one minute. In the embodiment of the present application, when calculating the historical average load, it is performed for all valid historical collection periods in the past N days.

[0079] It is understandable that, when each collection cycle in a day is a valid collection cycle, the number of historical collection cycles in the day may be 1440, and the historical average load may be calculated based on the real-time loads corresponding to the 1440 historical collection cycles.

[0080] For example, the formula for calculating the historical average load is:

[0081] P 历史平均 =(P 历史1 +P 历史2 +…+P 历史n ) / n;

[0082] Among them, P 历史平均 Indicates the historical average load, n indicates the number of valid historical collection cycles in the past N days, P 历史1 、P 历史2 and P 历史n Indicates the real-time load corresponding to each valid historical collection period in the past N days.

[0083] S502: Calculate the historical average load rate based on the historical average load and the rated capacity of the transformer.

[0084] The historical average load rate can be calculated based on the following formula.

[0085] R历史平均 =P 历史平均 / S N *100%;

[0086] Among them, R 历史平均 Indicates the historical average load rate, P 历史平均 Indicates the historical average load, S N Indicates the rated capacity of the transformer.

[0087] It can be understood that the load factor is the ratio of the actual load of the transformer to its rated capacity, which reflects the utilization level of the transformer.

[0088] Furthermore, if the historical average load rate is greater than a second load rate threshold, such as 100%, the substation is determined to be severely overloaded. A severely overloaded substation refers to a substation where the real-time load of the transformer far exceeds the load control limit. This means the load in the substation has exceeded the safe operating range of the equipment or system, and an alarm should be issued.

[0089] S503: If the historical average load rate is greater than or equal to the first load rate threshold and less than the second load rate threshold, the substation is determined to be a heavy-load substation, and the load rate limit of the transformer in the substation power supply system is determined to be equal to the second load rate threshold, where the second load rate threshold is greater than the first load rate threshold.

[0090] Exemplarily, the first load rate threshold may be equal to 80%. When the historical average load rate is greater than or equal to 80%, it indicates that the load rate is relatively large, and thus a relatively large load rate limit may be set.

[0091] S504: If the historical average load rate is less than the first load rate threshold, determine that the area is a normal load area, and determine that the load rate limit is equal to the first load rate threshold.

[0092] When the first load rate threshold is equal to 80%, if the historical average load rate is less than 80%, it means that the load rate of the transformer is average, so a relatively small load rate limit can be set.

[0093] It can be understood that the range of historical average load rates for determining whether a zone is classified as a heavy overload zone, a heavy load zone, or a normal load zone, as well as the load rate limit can be designed based on actual conditions.

[0094] S505: Calculate the product of the load rate limit and the rated capacity of the transformer to obtain a load control limit.

[0095] It can be seen that when the historical average load rate is relatively small, the load rate limit is also a relatively small value, and accordingly, the load control limit is small. Similarly, when the historical average load rate is relatively large, the load rate limit is also a relatively large value, and accordingly, the load control limit is large.

[0096] This is because if the historical average load rate of the transformer remains below the first load rate threshold, it can be shown that the daily load of the transformer is relatively small. Then, setting a smaller load rate limit can make the load control limit relatively small, and thus the transformer can be controlled not to exceed the smaller load control limit. Under the condition of ensuring the normal power supply of the transformer, it can be made to work at a lower power, avoid overheating of the transformer, and play a role in protecting the transformer. If the historical average load rate remains between the first load rate threshold and the second load rate threshold, it means that even if the transformer is scheduled by the energy storage device, the daily load of the transformer is still large. Therefore, a relatively large load rate threshold can be set, and the load control limit is relatively large. In this way, under the premise of ensuring that the transformer does not exceed the limit, the load in the substation area can be supplied with as much power as possible, giving full play to its power supply capacity and meeting the electricity demand in the substation area as much as possible.

[0097] The specific steps of anti-overload scheduling are introduced in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0098] Figure 5 A first flow chart of the integrated scheduling of transformer energy storage equipment provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0099] like Figure 5 As shown, step S300 may include the following steps S301-S304.

[0100] S301: If the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is greater than the load control limit, determine whether the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device corresponding to the current acquisition period is greater than a first capacity threshold.

[0101] It is understandable that if the real-time load is greater than the load control limit, it means that the real-time load is relatively large. At this time, it should be judged whether the real-time situation of the energy storage device meets the discharge conditions, and then determine whether to control the energy storage device to discharge.

[0102] S302: If the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device corresponding to the current acquisition period is greater than the first capacity threshold, the transformer required power is calculated. The transformer required power refers to the power released by the energy storage device required to adjust the transformer load to within the load control limit.

[0103] It is understandable that if the energy storage device's energy storage capacity in the current acquisition cycle is greater than the first capacity threshold, it means that the energy storage device meets the discharge conditions and can supply power to the load equipment in the substation area, so the required power of the transformer can be further calculated.

[0104] Furthermore, the transformer required power can be calculated based on the second formula, which is:

[0105] F 需求 =(P 真实 -P 限值 )*a / E 实时 ;

[0106] Among them: F 需求 Indicates the transformer required power; P 真实 Indicates the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle; P 限值 Indicates the load control limit; a is the first adjustment coefficient, and a>1; E 实时 It is the real-time power factor of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle.

[0107] It is worth noting that P 真实 -P 限值 Indicates that the real-time load of the transformer exceeds the load control limit. Setting the first adjustment factor greater than 1 is intended to make the transformer power demand slightly greater than the actual demand of the transformer to improve scheduling. For example, a can be equal to 1.05, which is not specifically limited in the present embodiment.

[0108] S303: Determine a target discharge power of the energy storage device, where the target discharge power is the minimum value between the transformer required power and the maximum charge and discharge power of the energy storage device.

[0109] It can be understood that the target discharge power F 控制 =min(F 需求 , F max ), where F max is the maximum charge and discharge power.

[0110] S304: Generate a first adjustment instruction based on the target discharge power of the energy storage device, and send the first adjustment instruction to the energy storage device to enable the energy storage device to discharge at the target discharge power.

[0111] It is understandable that the first adjustment instruction is the charge and discharge power instruction ultimately issued to the energy storage device based on the current strategy. In this way, the energy storage device can be used to relieve the load pressure of the transformer and avoid overload.

[0112] Furthermore, step S301 may further include the following step S305: if the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device corresponding to the current acquisition cycle is less than or equal to the first capacity threshold, and if the energy storage device is in a discharging state, generating a second adjustment instruction, and sending the second adjustment instruction to the energy storage device to stop discharging the energy storage device.

[0113] It is understandable that if the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device is less than or equal to the first capacity threshold, it means that the stored energy of the energy storage device is too low. If the discharge continues, a feeding phenomenon is likely to occur, which affects the performance of the energy storage device. Therefore, a second adjustment instruction should be issued to the energy storage device to stop discharging.

[0114] Furthermore, after waiting for data update in the next acquisition cycle, the embodiment of the present application can jump to step S100 to execute the scheduling process again.

[0115] Figure 6 A second flow chart of the integrated scheduling of transformer energy storage equipment provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0116] like Figure 6 As shown, step S400 may include the following steps S401-S404.

[0117] S401: Determine whether the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is greater than the historical average load.

[0118] It can be understood that the historical average load reflects the average load of the transformer over the past N days and reflects the load fluctuation level of the charging system over a period of time. Therefore, when the real-time load of the transformer does not exceed the load control limit, the relationship between the real-time load and the historical average load can be used to measure whether the transformer is still in a load state higher than the normal level.

[0119] S402: If the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is greater than the historical average load, and if the energy storage device is in a charging state, generate a third adjustment instruction, and send the third adjustment instruction to the energy storage device to stop charging the energy storage device.

[0120] It is understandable that the electric energy for charging the energy storage device comes from the transmission of the transformer. Therefore, when the real-time load is greater than the historical average load, the energy storage device can stop charging to relieve the load pressure of the transformer.

[0121] S403: If the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period is less than or equal to the historical average load, determine whether the energy storage capacity collected in the current collection period is greater than or equal to a second capacity threshold, and the second capacity threshold is greater than the first capacity threshold.

[0122] It is understood that if the real-time load is less than or equal to the historical average load, it indicates that the transformer is currently under low load. Therefore, the second power threshold can be used to determine whether the energy storage device needs to be charged to prepare for a possible subsequent overload. The second power threshold can be equal to 80%, 85%, or 90%, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0123] S404: If the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device collected in the current collection cycle is less than the second capacity threshold, calculate the transformer limit power, where the transformer limit power refers to the maximum charging power of the transformer for charging the energy storage device without exceeding the load control limit.

[0124] The transformer limit power can be calculated based on the third formula, which is:

[0125] F 限制 =(P 限值 -P 真实 )*b;

[0126] Among them: F 限制 Indicates transformer limited power; P 限值 Indicates load control limit; P 真实 Indicates the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle; b is the second adjustment coefficient, and b<1.

[0127] It is worth noting that P 真实 -P 限值 The second adjustment factor, which is less than 1, represents the difference between the transformer's real-time load and the load control limit. This is to keep the transformer's power limit slightly lower than the transformer's output power without exceeding the load control limit, thereby preventing excessive transformer load stress. For example, b can be equal to 0.95, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0128] S405: Determine a target charging power, where the target charging power is the minimum value between the transformer limit power and the maximum charge and discharge power of the energy storage device.

[0129] It is understandable that the target charging power F 控制 =min(F 限制 , F max ), where F max is the maximum charge and discharge power.

[0130] S406: Generate a fifth adjustment instruction based on the target charging power, and send the fifth adjustment instruction to the energy storage device to enable the energy storage device to charge at the target charging power.

[0131] It can be understood that the fifth adjustment instruction is a charge and discharge power instruction ultimately issued to the energy storage device based on the current strategy.

[0132] Furthermore, S403 may further include S407: if the energy storage power collected in the current collection period is greater than or equal to the second power threshold, generating a fourth adjustment instruction, and sending the fourth adjustment instruction to the energy storage device to stop charging or discharging the energy storage device.

[0133] It can be understood that if the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is less than or equal to the historical average load, it means that the load pressure of the transformer is normal, and if the real-time energy storage capacity of the energy storage device is greater than or equal to the second capacity threshold, it means that the energy storage device has sufficient capacity. Therefore, when the load pressure of the transformer is normal and the energy storage device has sufficient capacity, charging or discharging can be stopped.

[0134] It can be seen that the scheduling method provided in the embodiment of the present application can quickly adjust the operating modes of the transformer and the energy storage device based on their real-time status to avoid transformer overload and fully utilize the charging and discharging functions of the energy storage device.

[0135] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application can also perform a quantitative evaluation of the scheduling operation effect after using energy storage equipment to perform anti-overload scheduling on the transformer, and generate reports in formats such as reports and line graphs to intuitively display the scheduling effect, making it easier for management personnel to observe and control.

[0136] Specifically, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include the following step S601.

[0137] S601: Calculate the load rate before scheduling and the load rate after scheduling for each historical collection period within the target time period.

[0138] In this embodiment, the scheduling operation effect can be quantitatively evaluated on a daily basis. Scheduling includes the discharging and charging of energy storage devices, and the target time period can be 00:00:00-11:59:59. Furthermore, the historical collection period must be a valid collection period within the target time period.

[0139] It is worth noting that the load rate before dispatch refers to the load rate of the transformer when the energy storage device is not charging or discharging. For each historical collection period, the load rate before dispatch is calculated based on the fourth formula, which is:

[0140] R 调度前 =(P 指定 +F 指定 / E 指定 ) / S N *100%;

[0141] Where: R 调度前 is the load rate before scheduling for a certain historical collection period; P 指定 The apparent power of the transformer during this historical acquisition period; F 指定 is the real-time power of the energy storage device during the historical collection period; E 指定 The real-time power factor of the transformer during the historical acquisition period; S N is the rated capacity of the transformer.

[0142] It can be understood that F in the fourth formula 指定 / E 指定 Indicates the apparent power borne by the energy storage equipment after conversion.

[0143] Example 1: During a historical data collection period, the transformer's apparent power is 200kW, its real-time power factor is 0.9, the transformer's rated capacity is 400kVA, and the energy storage device's real-time power is 100kW. Therefore, the pre-dispatch load factor = (200 + 100 / 0.9) / 400 * 100% ≈ 78%. This means that based on the operating data collected during this historical data collection period, the energy storage device is discharging at 100kW. Assuming the energy storage device is not discharging, the transformer's load factor is 78%.

[0144] Example 2: During a historical data collection period, the transformer's apparent power was 200kW, its real-time power factor was 0.9, the transformer's rated capacity was 400kVA, and the energy storage device's real-time power was -100kW. Therefore, the pre-dispatch load factor = (200-100 / 0.9) / 400*100% ≈ 22.2%. This means that based on the operating data collected during this historical data collection period, the energy storage device was charging at 100kW. Assuming the energy storage device was not charging, the transformer's load factor would be 22.2%.

[0145] Furthermore, the load rate after dispatching is the actual load rate of the transformer; the load rate after dispatching is calculated based on the fifth formula, which is:

[0146] R 调度后 =P 指定 / S N *100%;

[0147] Among them, R 调度后 P is the load rate after scheduling for this historical collection cycle; 指定 The real-time power of the transformer during the historical acquisition period; S N is the rated capacity of the transformer.

[0148] Based on Example 1, the load factor after dispatch = 200 / 400 * 100% = 50%. In other words, when the energy storage device discharges at 100 kW, the transformer's actual load factor is 50%, less than the 78% before dispatch. This shows that discharging the energy storage device alleviates the transformer's load pressure and prevents overload.

[0149] Correspondingly, based on Example 2, when the energy storage device is charged at a power of 100 kW, the actual load rate of the transformer is 50%, which is greater than the 22.2% before scheduling. It can be seen that when the load rate of the transformer is low, the energy storage device can be charged to prepare for possible subsequent overload conditions.

[0150] It is understood that the data in Examples 1 and 2 are only for illustrative purposes. In actual applications, the load rate before and after scheduling can be calculated based on real data.

[0151] It is worth noting that the embodiment of the present application can also calculate the pre-scheduling load rate and the post-scheduling load rate for each sub-time period within the target time period rather than for each historical collection cycle. The time length corresponding to the sub-time period is greater than the time length of the collection cycle. For example, the sub-time period is equal to 15 minutes. It can be designed based on actual evaluation needs, and the embodiment of the present application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0152] In some implementations, the present invention may further calculate a load factor average, including a load factor average before scheduling and / or a load factor average after scheduling. Specifically, the following steps S602 and / or S603 may be performed.

[0153] S602: Calculate the average value of all pre-scheduling load rates to obtain the pre-scheduling load rate mean.

[0154] S603: Calculate the average value of all post-scheduled load rates to obtain a post-scheduled load rate mean.

[0155] In some implementations, the embodiment of the present application may further execute step S604 to calculate the load rate standard deviation.

[0156] S604: Substitute the average value of each pre-scheduling load rate and the corresponding post-scheduling load rate into the standard deviation calculation formula to obtain the load rate standard deviation.

[0157] The standard deviation calculation formula is:

[0158]

[0159] Where σ represents the standard deviation of the load rate; M represents the number of pre-dispatch load rates or post-dispatch load rates within the target time period; x i represents the load rate before scheduling, μ represents the average value of the load rate after scheduling, 0<i≤M.

[0160] In some implementations, the present invention can further calculate a maximum load rate, including a maximum load rate before scheduling and / or a maximum load rate after scheduling. Specifically, the following steps S605 and / or S606 can be performed.

[0161] S605: Determine the maximum value of all pre-scheduling load rates to obtain the maximum pre-scheduling load rate value.

[0162] It can be understood that the calculation formula for the maximum load rate before scheduling is:

[0163] R调度前max =max(R 调度前1 ,R 调度前2 ,…,R 调度前n );

[0164] Among them, R 调度前max Indicates the maximum load rate before scheduling, R 调度前1 、R 调度前2 and R 调度前n Indicates the corresponding pre-schedule load rate within the target time period.

[0165] S606: Calculate the maximum value of all post-scheduling load rates to obtain the maximum post-scheduling load rate value.

[0166] It can be understood that the calculation formula for the maximum load rate after scheduling is:

[0167] R 调度后max =max(R 调度后1 ,R 调度后2 ,…,R 调度后n );

[0168] Among them, R 调度后max Indicates the maximum load rate after scheduling, R 调度后1 、R 调度后2 and R 调度后n Indicates the load rate after scheduling corresponding to each target time period.

[0169] In some implementations, the embodiments of the present application can also calculate the overload duration and / or warning duration. The overload duration can include the overload duration before scheduling and / or the overload duration after scheduling. The warning duration can include the warning duration before scheduling and / or the warning duration after scheduling.

[0170] Specifically, the following step S607 may be included after step S601.

[0171] S607: Count a first number of pre-scheduling load rates within a first range, and calculate the product of the first number and the first duration to obtain a pre-scheduling overload duration; the first range is that the pre-scheduling load rate is greater than the second load rate threshold, and the first duration is equal to the duration of the collection period.

[0172] It can be understood that if the load rate before dispatching is greater than 100%, it means that if it is not dispatched, the transformer is in an overloaded state.

[0173] Furthermore, since the pre-scheduling load rate is calculated based on the data collected within a single collection cycle, the embodiment of the present application can calculate the pre-scheduling overload duration based on the number of pre-scheduling load rates and the duration of the collection cycle. For example, if the collection cycle is 1 minute and the number of pre-scheduling load rates greater than 100% in a day is 41, then the pre-scheduling overload duration is equal to 41 minutes.

[0174] It is understandable that the unit of the overload duration before scheduling is consistent with the unit of the collection period, for example, both are minutes.

[0175] In some implementations, step S601 may further include the following S608.

[0176] S608: Count a second number of the post-scheduled load rates within the first range, and calculate the product of the second number and the first duration to obtain the post-scheduled overload duration.

[0177] Accordingly, the embodiment of the present application can calculate the post-scheduled overload duration based on the number of post-scheduled load rates and the duration of the collection period, and the unit of the post-scheduled overload duration is consistent with the unit of the collection period, for example, both are minutes.

[0178] In some implementations, step S601 may be followed by step S609.

[0179] S609: Count a third number of pre-dispatch load rates within the second range, and calculate the product of the third number and the first duration to obtain the pre-dispatch warning duration; the second range can be that the pre-dispatch load rate is less than or equal to the second load rate threshold and greater than the first load rate threshold.

[0180] It is understood that if the pre-dispatch load factor is less than or equal to 100% and greater than 80%, it indicates that the transformer is under relatively high load before dispatch, and the warning duration can be calculated in this case. For example, if the collection period is 1 minute, and the number of pre-dispatch load factors less than or equal to 100% and greater than 80% in a day is 45, then the pre-dispatch warning duration is equal to 45 minutes.

[0181] It is understandable that the unit of the pre-dispatch warning duration is consistent with the unit of the collection period, for example, both are minutes.

[0182] In some implementations, step S601 may further include the following S610.

[0183] S610: Count a fourth number of post-scheduling load rates within the second range, and calculate the product of the fourth number and the first duration to obtain the post-scheduling warning duration.

[0184] Accordingly, the embodiment of the present application can calculate the post-scheduled warning duration based on the number of post-scheduled load rates and the duration of the collection cycle, and the unit of the post-scheduled warning duration is consistent with the unit of the collection cycle, for example, both are minutes.

[0185] It is understandable that in actual applications, the boundary values ​​of the first range and the second range can be adjusted based on needs, and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations on this.

[0186] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application can compile statistics on the load rate mean, load rate standard deviation, load rate maximum, overload duration, and warning duration to form a table. The following table is a comparison table before and after scheduling.

[0187] Table 1 Comparison table before and after scheduling

[0188]

[0189]

[0190] In this way, after the energy storage device performs overload prevention scheduling for the transformer, the embodiment of the present application can quantitatively evaluate the scheduling operation effect every day and generate a report as shown in Table 1, which is convenient for users to benchmark the scheduling control operation effect.

[0191] It should be understood that the data in Table 1 are merely exemplary and have no limiting effect on other contents of the embodiments of the present application.

[0192] From the above content, it can be seen that the embodiment of the present application provides a transformer overload prevention scheduling method, which can achieve the following beneficial effects.

[0193] (1) Improve transformer operation reliability: By real-time monitoring of the transformer's operating status and load conditions, overload trends can be discovered in a timely manner and corresponding measures can be taken, effectively avoiding equipment damage and power outages caused by overload, and ensuring the stable operation of the power system.

[0194] (2) Reduce system operating costs: Make full use of the regulation capabilities of energy storage equipment to flexibly control the transformer load, reducing dependence on traditional solutions (such as increasing transformer capacity), thereby reducing system construction and operating costs.

[0195] (3) Enhanced adaptability and flexibility: The system can adjust the dispatching strategy in real time according to the actual load conditions. It can make reasonable responses regardless of whether it is facing heavy overload, heavy load or general load areas. It has strong adaptability and flexibility and can better cope with complex and changing power load demands.

[0196] (4) Extend the service life of energy storage equipment: By optimizing the charge and discharge management of energy storage equipment, unreasonable operations such as over-charging and discharging of energy storage equipment are avoided, thereby extending the service life of energy storage equipment and improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy storage equipment.

[0197] (5) Provide quantitative evaluation means: Regularly, for example, daily, quantitatively evaluate the scheduling operation effect and generate detailed reports so that managers can intuitively understand the key indicators such as the load rate mean, standard deviation, maximum value, overload duration and warning duration before and after scheduling, which is convenient for benchmarking the scheduling control operation effect and providing a strong basis for subsequent optimization decisions. For example, if the scheduling effect does not meet the actual needs, the embodiment of the present application can generate optimization decision opinions or dynamically adjust the scheduling strategy. For example, if the load rate mean after scheduling is greater than the mean threshold set by the manager, it means that the overall load level of the transformer is still high. The embodiment of the present application can generate a decision opinion to increase the energy storage device to alleviate the load pressure of the transformer. For another example, if the load rate mean after scheduling is greater than the mean threshold set by the manager, the embodiment of the present application can reduce the load control limit to enable the energy storage device to discharge in time and delay charging to alleviate the load pressure of the transformer. For another example, if the load rate mean after scheduling is less than or equal to the mean threshold set by the manager, the embodiment of the present application can increase the load control limit to enable the energy storage device to charge quickly and appropriately delay discharge to ensure that the energy storage device has sufficient power, thereby being able to cope with the situation of load surge. It is understandable that the specific optimization means can be adjusted based on actual conditions, and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations on this.

[0198] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a transformer overload protection scheduling device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0199] like Figure 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a transformer overload prevention scheduling device, the device comprising:

[0200] The acquisition and calculation module 1001 is used to periodically collect the operating data of the transformers and energy storage devices in the power supply system of the substation area, and calculate the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period based on the operating data of the current acquisition period;

[0201] A determination module 1002 is configured to determine whether the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is greater than a load control limit; wherein the load control limit is determined based on the operating data of the transformer and the energy storage device collected over the past N days, where N ≥ 1;

[0202] The first control module 1003 is configured to control the energy storage device to discharge to the load device within the power supply area of ​​the substation power supply system if the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is greater than the load control limit and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device is greater than the first capacity threshold;

[0203] The second control module 1004 is used to control the energy storage device to charge at a target charging power, or to control the energy storage device to stop charging or discharging, if the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is less than or equal to the load control limit. The target charging power is calculated based on the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period and the load control limit.

[0204] In some implementations, the operating data is a data set consisting of the apparent power of the transformer, the real-time power factor of the transformer, the stored energy of the energy storage device, the real-time power of the energy storage device, and the acquisition time;

[0205] The real-time load of the transformer is the actual load of the transformer after removing the impact of the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device. The real-time load of the transformer is calculated based on the first formula; the first formula is:

[0206] P 真实 =P 实时 -F 实时 / E 实时 ;

[0207] Among them, P 真实 is the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle, P 实时 The apparent power of the transformer corresponding to the current acquisition cycle, F 实时 is the real-time power of the energy storage device corresponding to the current acquisition period, E 实时 It is the real-time power factor of the transformer corresponding to the current acquisition cycle.

[0208] In some implementations, the acquisition and operation module 1001 is also used to: calculate the average of the real-time load of the transformer corresponding to each historical acquisition cycle in the past N days at a preset time point every day to obtain the historical average load; calculate the historical average load rate based on the historical average load and the rated capacity of the transformer; if the historical average load rate is greater than or equal to the first load rate threshold and less than the second load rate threshold, determine that the substation is a heavy load substation, and determine that the load rate limit of the transformer in the substation power supply system is equal to the second load rate threshold; if the historical average load rate is less than the first load rate threshold, determine that the substation is a general load substation, and determine that the load rate limit is equal to the first load rate threshold; calculate the product of the load rate limit and the rated capacity of the transformer to obtain the load control limit.

[0209] In some implementations, the first control module 1003 is specifically configured to: if the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is greater than the load control limit, determine whether the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device corresponding to the current acquisition period is greater than a first capacity threshold; if the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device corresponding to the current acquisition period is greater than the first capacity threshold, calculate the transformer required power, where the transformer required power refers to the power released by the energy storage device required to adjust the load of the transformer to within the load control limit; determine the target discharge power of the energy storage device, where the target discharge power is the minimum value between the transformer required power and the maximum charge and discharge power of the energy storage device; generate a first adjustment instruction based on the target discharge power of the energy storage device, and issue the first adjustment instruction to the energy storage device so that the energy storage device discharges at the target discharge power;

[0210] The transformer power requirement is calculated based on the second formula:

[0211] F 需求 =(P 真实 -P 限值 )*a / E 实时 ;

[0212] Among them: F 需求 Indicates the transformer required power; P 真实 Indicates the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle; P 限值 Indicates the load control limit; a is the first adjustment coefficient, and a>1; E 实时 It is the real-time power factor of the transformer corresponding to the current acquisition cycle.

[0213] In some implementations, the first control module 1003 is further configured to: if the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device corresponding to the current acquisition cycle is less than or equal to the first capacity threshold and the energy storage device is in a discharging state, generate a second adjustment instruction, and send the second adjustment instruction to the energy storage device to stop discharging the energy storage device.

[0214] In some implementations, the second control module 1004 is specifically used to: determine whether the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle is greater than the historical average load; if the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle is greater than the historical average load, and if the energy storage device is in a charging state, generate a third adjustment instruction, and send the third adjustment instruction to the energy storage device to stop charging the energy storage device; if the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle is less than or equal to the historical average load, determine whether the energy storage power collected in the current acquisition cycle is greater than or equal to a second power threshold, and the second power threshold is greater than the first power threshold; if the energy storage power of the energy storage device collected in the current acquisition cycle is greater than or equal to the second power threshold, generate a fourth adjustment instruction, and send the fourth adjustment instruction to the energy storage device to stop charging or discharging the energy storage device.

[0215] In some implementations, the second control module 1004 is further configured to: if the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device collected during the current collection period is less than a second capacity threshold, calculate a transformer limit power, where the transformer limit power refers to the maximum charging power at which the transformer can charge the energy storage device without exceeding a load control limit; determine a target charging power, where the target charging power is the minimum of the transformer limit power and the maximum charge and discharge power of the energy storage device; generate a fifth adjustment instruction based on the target charging power, and issue the fifth adjustment instruction to the energy storage device so that the energy storage device is charged at the target charging power;

[0216] The transformer limit power is calculated based on the third formula, which is:

[0217] F 限制 =(P 限值 -P 真实 )*b;

[0218] Among them: F 限制 Indicates transformer limited power; P 限值 Indicates load control limit; P 真实 represents the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle; b is the second adjustment coefficient, and b<1.

[0219] In some implementations, the collection and calculation module 1001 is further configured to calculate, for each historical collection period within the target time period, a pre-dispatch load rate and a post-dispatch load rate; wherein the pre-dispatch load rate refers to the load rate of the transformer if the energy storage device is not charging or discharging; and the post-dispatch load rate refers to the actual load rate of the transformer; and the pre-dispatch load rate is calculated based on the fourth formula, which is:

[0220] R 调度前 =(P 指定 +F 指定 / E 指定 ) / S N *100%;

[0221] Where: R 调度前 is the load rate before dispatch; P 指定 is the apparent power of the transformer corresponding to a historical acquisition cycle; F 指定 is the real-time power of the energy storage device during the historical collection period; E 指定 The real-time power factor of the transformer during the historical acquisition period; S N is the rated capacity of the transformer;

[0222] The load rate after scheduling is calculated based on the fifth formula, which is:

[0223] R 调度后 =P指定 / S N *100%;

[0224] Among them, R 调度后 is the load rate after scheduling; P 指定 The real-time power of the transformer during the historical acquisition period; S N is the rated capacity of the transformer;

[0225] and / or, calculating an average of all pre-dispatching load rates to obtain a pre-dispatching load rate mean;

[0226] and / or, calculating an average of all post-scheduling load rates to obtain a post-scheduling load rate mean;

[0227] and / or, substituting the load rate before scheduling and the load rate after scheduling into a standard deviation calculation formula to obtain a load rate standard deviation;

[0228] and / or, determining the maximum value of all pre-dispatching load rates to obtain the maximum pre-dispatching load rate;

[0229] And / or, the maximum value of all post-scheduling load rates is calculated to obtain the maximum post-scheduling load rate.

[0230] In some implementations, the collection and operation module 1001 is further configured to: count a first number of pre-dispatching load rates within a first range, and calculate the product of the first number and the first duration to obtain the pre-dispatching overload duration; the first range is when the pre-dispatching load rate is greater than the second load rate threshold, and the first duration is equal to the duration of the collection period;

[0231] and / or, counting a second number of the post-scheduled load rates within the first range, and calculating the product of the second number and the first duration to obtain the post-scheduled overload duration;

[0232] and / or, counting a third number of pre-dispatch load rates within a second range, and calculating the product of the third number and the first duration to obtain the pre-dispatch warning duration; the second range is when the pre-dispatch load rate is less than or equal to the second load rate threshold and greater than the first load rate threshold;

[0233] And / or, a fourth number of post-scheduling load rates within the second range is counted, and the product of the fourth number and the first duration is calculated to obtain the post-scheduling warning duration.

[0234] In a specific implementation, the present invention further provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium may store a program that, when executed, may include some or all of the steps of each embodiment of the transformer overload prevention scheduling method provided by the present invention. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).

[0235] It is easy to understand that those skilled in the art can combine, split, reorganize, etc. the embodiments of the present application based on the several embodiments provided in the present application to obtain other embodiments, and these embodiments do not exceed the scope of protection of the present application.

[0236] The above specific implementation methods further explain in detail the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the above are only specific implementation methods of the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made on the basis of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A transformer overload prevention scheduling method, characterized in that: include: Periodically collect operating data of transformers and energy storage devices in the power supply system of the substation area, and calculate the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period based on the operating data of the current collection period; Determining whether the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period is greater than a load control limit; wherein the load control limit is determined based on the operating data of the transformer and the energy storage device collected historically over the past N days, where N ≥ 1; If the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is greater than the load control limit, and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device is greater than the first capacity threshold, control the energy storage device to discharge to the load device within the power supply area of ​​the substation power supply system; If the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle is less than or equal to the load control limit, the energy storage device is controlled to charge at the target charging power, or the energy storage device is controlled to stop charging and discharging. The target charging power is calculated based on the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle and the load control limit.

2. The transformer overload prevention scheduling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating data is a data set consisting of the apparent power of the transformer, the real-time power factor of the transformer, the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device, the real-time power of the energy storage device and the acquisition time; The real-time load of the transformer is the actual load of the transformer after removing the influence of the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device. The real-time load of the transformer is calculated based on a first formula; the first formula is: P 真实 =P 实时 -F 实时 / E 实时 ; Among them, the P 真实 is the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle, P 实时 is the apparent power of the transformer corresponding to the current acquisition cycle, F 实时 is the real-time power of the energy storage device corresponding to the current acquisition period, E 实时 is the real-time power factor of the transformer corresponding to the current acquisition cycle.

3. The transformer overload prevention scheduling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method further comprises: At a preset time point every day, calculate the average of the real-time load of the transformer in each historical collection period in the past N days to obtain the historical average load; Calculating a historical average load rate based on the historical average load and the rated capacity of the transformer; If the historical average load rate is greater than or equal to a first load rate threshold and less than a second load rate threshold, the substation is determined to be a heavy load substation, and the load rate limit of the transformer in the power supply system of the substation is determined to be equal to the second load rate threshold; If the historical average load rate is less than the first load rate threshold, determining that the area is a normal load area, and determining that the load rate limit is equal to the first load rate threshold; The product of the load rate limit and the rated capacity of the transformer is calculated to obtain the load control limit.

4. The transformer overload prevention scheduling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: If the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is greater than the load control limit, and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device is greater than a first capacity threshold, the step of controlling the energy storage device to discharge to the load device within the power supply area of ​​the substation power supply system includes: If the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is greater than the load control limit, determining whether the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device corresponding to the current acquisition period is greater than the first capacity threshold; If the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device corresponding to the current acquisition period is greater than the first capacity threshold, calculating the transformer required power, where the transformer required power refers to the power released by the energy storage device required to adjust the load of the transformer to within the load control limit; Determining a target discharge power of the energy storage device, where the target discharge power is the minimum value between the transformer required power and the maximum charge and discharge power of the energy storage device; generating a first adjustment instruction based on the target discharge power of the energy storage device, and issuing the first adjustment instruction to the energy storage device so that the energy storage device discharges at the target discharge power; The transformer required power is calculated based on a second formula, which is: F 需求 =(P 真实 -P 限值 )*a / E 实时 ; Among them: F 需求 Indicates the transformer required power; P 真实 represents the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle; 限值 represents the load control limit; a is the first adjustment coefficient, and a>1; E 实时 is the real-time power factor of the transformer corresponding to the current acquisition cycle.

5. The transformer overload prevention scheduling method according to claim 4, characterized in that: If the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition cycle is greater than the load control limit, after the step of determining whether the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device corresponding to the current acquisition cycle is greater than the first capacity threshold, the method further includes: If the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device corresponding to the current acquisition cycle is less than or equal to the first capacity threshold, and if the energy storage device is in a discharging state, a second adjustment instruction is generated and sent to the energy storage device to stop discharging the energy storage device.

6. The transformer overload prevention scheduling method according to claim 3, characterized in that: If the real-time load of the transformer is less than or equal to the load control limit, the step of controlling the energy storage device to charge at the target charging power, or controlling the energy storage device to stop charging or discharging includes: Determine whether the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is greater than the historical average load; If the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is greater than the historical average load, and if the energy storage device is in a charging state, generate a third adjustment instruction, and send the third adjustment instruction to the energy storage device to stop charging the energy storage device; If the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is less than or equal to the historical average load, determine whether the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device acquired in the current acquisition period is greater than or equal to a second capacity threshold, and the second capacity threshold is greater than the first capacity threshold; If the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device collected in the current collection cycle is greater than or equal to the second capacity threshold, a fourth adjustment instruction is generated and sent to the energy storage device to stop charging or discharging the energy storage device.

7. The transformer overload prevention scheduling method according to claim 6, characterized in that: If the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is less than or equal to the historical average load, after the step of determining whether the stored energy amount of the energy storage device acquired in the current acquisition period is greater than or equal to a second energy threshold, the method further includes: If the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device collected during the current collection period is less than the second capacity threshold, calculating the transformer limit power, where the transformer limit power refers to the maximum charging power of the transformer for charging the energy storage device without exceeding the load control limit; Determining the target charging power, where the target charging power is the minimum value between the transformer limit power and the maximum charge and discharge power of the energy storage device; generating a fifth adjustment instruction based on the target charging power, and issuing the fifth adjustment instruction to the energy storage device so that the energy storage device is charged at the target charging power; The transformer power limit is calculated based on the third formula, which is: F 限制 =(P 限值 -P 真实 )*b; Among them: F 限制 Indicates the transformer limit power; P 限值 Indicates the load control limit; P 真实 represents the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period; b is the second adjustment coefficient, and b<1.

8. The transformer overload prevention scheduling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method further comprises: For each historical collection period within the target time period, calculate the pre-dispatching load rate and the post-dispatching load rate; wherein the pre-dispatching load rate refers to the load rate of the transformer if the energy storage device is not charging or discharging; the post-dispatching load rate is the actual load rate of the transformer; The pre-scheduling load rate is calculated based on the fourth formula, which is: R 调度前 =(P 指定 +F 指定 / E 指定 ) / S N *100%; Where: R 调度前 is the load rate before scheduling; P 指定 F is the apparent power of the transformer in a historical acquisition cycle; 指定 The real-time power of the energy storage device in this historical collection period; E 指定 is the real-time power factor of the transformer during the historical acquisition period; S N is the rated capacity of the transformer; The post-scheduled load rate is calculated based on the fifth formula, which is: R 调度后 =P 指定 / S N *100%; Among them, R 调度后 is the load rate after scheduling; P 指定 is the real-time power of the transformer in the historical acquisition period; S N is the rated capacity of the transformer; and / or, calculating an average value of all the pre-dispatching load rates to obtain a pre-dispatching load rate mean; and / or, calculating an average value of all the post-scheduled load rates to obtain a post-scheduled load rate mean; and / or, substituting the load rate before scheduling and the load rate after scheduling into a standard deviation calculation formula to obtain a load rate standard deviation; and / or, determining a maximum value of all the pre-dispatching load rates to obtain a maximum pre-dispatching load rate; And / or, calculating the maximum value of all the post-scheduling load rates to obtain the maximum post-scheduling load rate value.

9. The transformer overload prevention scheduling method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After calculating the load rate before and after scheduling for each historical collection period within the target time period, the following steps are also included: Counting a first number of the pre-scheduling load rates within a first range, and calculating the product of the first number and a first duration to obtain a pre-scheduling overload duration; the first range is when the pre-scheduling load rate is greater than a second load rate threshold, and the first duration is equal to the duration of a collection period; and / or, counting a second number of the post-scheduled load rates within the first range, and calculating a product of the second number and the first duration to obtain a post-scheduled overload duration; and / or, counting a third number of the pre-dispatching load rates within a second range, and calculating the product of the third number and the first duration to obtain the pre-dispatching warning duration; the second range is when the pre-dispatching load rate is less than or equal to the second load rate threshold and greater than the second load rate threshold; And / or, a fourth number of the post-scheduling load rates within the second range is counted, and the product of the fourth number and the first duration is calculated to obtain the post-scheduling warning duration.

10. A transformer overload prevention dispatching device, characterized in that: include: The acquisition and calculation module is used to periodically collect the operating data of the transformers and energy storage devices in the power supply system of the substation area, and calculate the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period based on the operating data of the current acquisition period; a judgment module, configured to judge whether the real-time load of the transformer in the current collection period is greater than a load control limit; wherein the load control limit is determined based on the operating data of the transformer and the energy storage device collected historically over the past N days, where N ≥ 1; A first control module is configured to control the energy storage device to discharge to a load device within the power supply area of ​​the substation power supply system if the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is greater than the load control limit and the energy storage capacity of the energy storage device is greater than a first capacity threshold; The second control module is used to control the energy storage device to charge at a target charging power, or to control the energy storage device to stop charging and discharging, if the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period is less than or equal to the load control limit. The target charging power is calculated based on the real-time load of the transformer in the current acquisition period and the load control limit.

Images