Thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for severe cold area

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for severe cold areas, which comprises a photovoltaic cell, a phase change container, a phase change material and a thermoelectric power generation sheet, and is characterized in that the phase change container filled with the phase change material and the thermoelectric power generation sheet are sequentially arranged below the photovoltaic cell; the bottom of the photovoltaic cell is connected with the upper side of the phase change container through heat-conducting glue, the lower side of the phase change container is connected with the thermoelectric power generation sheet through heat-conducting glue, phase change materials in the phase change container utilize and transfer heat generated by the photovoltaic cell in the whole process, the effect of keeping and slightly increasing the temperature of the photovoltaic panel is achieved, and meanwhile large heat flow input is provided for the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet. Effective utilization of solar energy is ensured through the two effects, and the conversion efficiency of the coupling system is improved. In addition, the cold ends of the thermoelectric pieces make contact with the external environment, waste heat is dissipated into the cold environment through convection and radiation heat dissipation, and thermoelectric conversion is maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaic power generation and semiconductor temperature difference power generation, and particularly relates to a heat preservation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severely cold areas. Background Art

[0002] Faced with the dual challenges of global climate change and dwindling resources, countries around the world are driving a profound transformation of their energy structures at an unprecedented pace, striving to move from the old model of heavy reliance on fossil fuels to a new, cleaner, and sustainable energy system. In this transformation, solar energy, with its unique advantages, stands out as an ideal alternative to traditional fossil fuels. The use of photovoltaic cells to convert light energy into electrical energy through the photoelectric effect is currently a key research focus in the field of solar energy utilization.

[0003] However, due to the extremely low temperatures in cold regions, the materials in photovoltaic modules often undergo physical and chemical changes due to the low temperatures, significantly reducing their photoelectric conversion efficiency and potentially even causing module damage, thereby shortening the service life of the photovoltaic system. Furthermore, due to the extremely low ambient temperature, the heat generated by the photovoltaic system during operation is difficult to effectively utilize. Most of the heat is quickly dissipated into the surrounding environment, resulting in energy waste and further reducing the overall energy efficiency of the system. Furthermore, although photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupled systems can simultaneously generate electricity and heat, the efficiency of their thermoelectric devices drops significantly under extremely low temperatures, resulting in relatively low thermal efficiency. Furthermore, due to losses during heat transfer and limitations in the system's design, thermal efficiency is also relatively low, preventing the full potential of photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupled systems. Furthermore, traditional photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupled systems generally lack effective thermal insulation measures, further contributing to their suboptimal overall energy efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the above-mentioned existing technologies and provide a thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in extremely cold regions, so as to overcome the problems of low power generation efficiency and insufficient thermal energy utilization of traditional photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling systems. By selecting reasonable phase change materials and structural designs, effective thermal insulation of photovoltaic cells is achieved, ensuring efficient utilization of solar energy, and using thermoelectric panels to generate additional electricity.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A heat preservation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in extremely cold regions, comprising a photovoltaic cell and a thermoelectric power generation sheet, wherein a phase change layer is provided between the photovoltaic cell and the thermoelectric power generation sheet; The phase change layer includes a phase change container, and the phase change container is filled with a phase change material; The photovoltaic cell and the phase change container, as well as the thermoelectric power generation sheet and the phase change container are connected by heat conductive materials; The phase change material is selected from at least one of organic paraffin, lauric acid, polyethylene glycol and calcium chloride hexahydrate, has a phase change temperature range of 20-25° C., and a thickness of 3-5 cm.

[0006] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the photovoltaic cell and the top surface of the phase change container coincide with each other.

[0007] Furthermore, the phase change container is made of aluminum.

[0008] Furthermore, the photovoltaic cell is a single crystal silicon photovoltaic cell.

[0009] Furthermore, the top surface area of ​​the thermoelectric power generation sheet is smaller than the bottom surface area of ​​the phase change container.

[0010] Furthermore, except for the portion in contact with the photovoltaic cell and the thermoelectric power generation sheet, the rest of the circumference of the phase change container is wrapped with a thermal insulation material.

[0011] Furthermore, the thermal insulation material is selected from rubber-plastic thermal insulation cotton.

[0012] Furthermore, the heat-conducting material is thermal grease.

[0013] Furthermore, the thermoelectric power generation sheet includes two layers of ceramic sheets, and an electrode sheet and thermoelectric pins are provided between the two layers of ceramic sheets.

[0014] Furthermore, the electrode sheet is bonded to the ceramic sheet, and the thermoelectric pin is arranged between the two electrode sheets.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a heat-insulating photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severely cold regions, comprising a photovoltaic cell, a phase-change container, a phase-change material, and a thermoelectric power generation sheet. Below the photovoltaic cell are, in sequence, a phase-change container filled with a phase-change material and a thermoelectric power generation sheet. The bottom of the photovoltaic cell is connected to the upper side of the phase-change container, and the lower side of the phase-change container is connected to the thermoelectric power generation sheet via thermally conductive adhesive. Throughout the entire process, the phase-change material in the phase-change container utilizes and transfers the heat generated by the photovoltaic cell, thereby maintaining and slightly increasing the temperature of the photovoltaic panel, while providing a large heat flow input to the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet. These two aspects ensure the effective utilization of solar energy and improve the conversion efficiency of the coupling system. Furthermore, the cold end of the thermoelectric sheet is in contact with the external environment, dissipating excess heat into the cold environment through convection and radiation, thereby maintaining the thermoelectric conversion process.

[0016] Preferably, the parts around and on the bottom of the phase change container that are not in contact with the thermoelectric power generation sheet are wrapped with rubber-plastic thermal insulation cotton to isolate the heat exchange between the phase change container and the external environment, thereby reducing the heat loss of the system.

[0017] Preferably, the phase change container is made of aluminum material with high thermal conductivity, which can quickly transfer the heat generated by the photovoltaic cell to the phase change material, thereby achieving the effect of heat preservation for the photovoltaic cell.

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The present invention provides a structure of a thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severely cold regions; Figure 2 Figure a in the middle is a schematic diagram of irradiance during testing of a thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severe cold regions, provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Figure b is a schematic diagram of the ambient temperature during testing of a thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severe cold regions, provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing a temperature comparison between a heat preservation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severely cold regions and a pure photovoltaic system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram comparing the conversion efficiency of a thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severe cold regions and a pure photovoltaic system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Among them: 1. Photovoltaic cell; 2. Phase change container; 3. Rubber-plastic thermal insulation cotton; 4. Ceramic sheet; 5. Electrode sheet; 6. Thermoelectric pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inside," "outside," "one side," "one end," and "one side" and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] It will be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms “comprises” and “comprising” indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof.

[0025] It should also be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0026] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] The accompanying drawings illustrate various schematic diagrams of structures according to embodiments disclosed herein. These figures are not drawn to scale; for clarity, some details are exaggerated and some details may be omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the figures, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Those skilled in the art may design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0028] The present invention provides a thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severe cold areas, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a photovoltaic cell 1, a phase change container 2 and a thermoelectric power generation sheet, wherein the phase change container 2 is placed between the photovoltaic panel 1 and the thermoelectric power generation sheet, and a phase change material is built into the phase change container 2. During the whole process, the phase change material in the phase change container 2 utilizes and transfers the heat generated by the photovoltaic cell to achieve the effect of maintaining and slightly increasing the temperature of the photovoltaic cell 1, while providing a large heat flow input to the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation sheet. Through the above two aspects, the effective utilization of solar energy is ensured and the conversion efficiency of the coupled system is improved; in addition, the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation sheet is in contact with the external environment, and the waste heat is dissipated into the cold environment through convection and radiation heat dissipation, thereby maintaining the progress of thermoelectric conversion.

[0029] The phase change material is at least one of organic paraffin, lauric acid, polyethylene glycol and calcium chloride hexahydrate. The phase change temperature range is 20-25°C, slightly higher than the operating temperature of the photovoltaic cell. The thickness of the phase change material is 3-5cm.

[0030] The phase change container 2 is fixed to the hot end of the photovoltaic cell 1 and the thermoelectric power generation sheet, wherein the hot end of the photovoltaic cell 1 is the lower surface of the photovoltaic cell 1, and the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation sheet is the upper end of the thermoelectric power generation sheet. The photovoltaic cell 1 and the thermoelectric power generation sheet are tightly connected using thermal adhesive or thermal grease. Among them, the upper connection surface of the phase change container 2 connected to the photovoltaic cell 1 is the same as the light receiving area of ​​the photovoltaic cell 1, and the area of ​​the lower connection surface of the phase change container 2 connected to the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation sheet is not limited and can be determined according to actual conditions.

[0031] The photovoltaic cell 1 is a commercial single-crystal silicon photovoltaic cell; the phase change container 2 is used to hold the phase change material, and the material of the phase change container 2 is aluminum; the thermoelectric power generation plate comprises two layers of upper and lower ceramic plates 4 and thermoelectric pins 6, the ceramic plates 4 are made of aluminum oxide, the electrode plate 5 is made of copper, and the thermoelectric pins 6 are made of bismuth telluride; The rubber-plastic heat-insulating cotton 3 is wrapped around the phase change container 2 and the lower part that is not in contact with the thermoelectric power generation sheet, thereby reducing heat loss in the phase change container and ensuring efficient use of solar energy.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, a thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severely cold regions is provided, comprising a photovoltaic cell module, a phase change layer structure, a rubber-plastic thermal insulation cotton 3, and a thermoelectric power generation sheet module; The photovoltaic cell module uses commercial monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cells 1. Monocrystalline silicon materials have relatively stable photoelectric conversion performance in low-temperature environments and can adapt to working conditions in extremely cold areas. Its light-receiving surface is a rectangular structure. The lower surface (non-light-receiving surface) of the photovoltaic cell 1 serves as the hot end and is tightly connected to the upper side of the phase change container 2 through thermal conductive adhesive to ensure efficient heat transfer.

[0033] The phase change layer structure includes a phase change container 2 and a phase change material. The phase change container 2 is made of aluminum material. The shape of the container is consistent with the shape of the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic cell 1. The aluminum material has excellent thermal conductivity and can quickly transfer the heat generated by the photovoltaic cell 1 to the phase change material. The phase change material is paraffin, and the phase change temperature is 25°C.

[0034] The rubber-plastic heat-insulating cotton 3 is wrapped around the phase change container 2 and the lower part that is not in contact with the thermoelectric power generation sheet, which can effectively block the heat exchange between the phase change container 2 and the external environment and reduce heat loss; Optionally, the rubber-plastic thermal insulation cotton 3 is wrapped in a multi-layer overlapping manner and fixed with a high-temperature resistant tape to ensure the sealing and integrity of the insulation layer.

[0035] The thermoelectric power generation module includes two layers of upper and lower ceramic sheets 4. The ceramic material used has good insulation and thermal conductivity. The electrode sheets 5 are bonded to the inner sides of the two ceramic sheets 4. The electrode sheets 5 are copper electrodes. The copper electrode sheets have high conductivity, ensuring the transmission efficiency of the electrical signal. A plurality of thermoelectric pins 6 are arranged between the two electrode sheets 5. The material is bismuth telluride alloy. Among them, bismuth telluride alloy has a high thermoelectric conversion efficiency in the field of medium and low temperature thermoelectric power generation. The upper surface (hot end) of the thermoelectric power generation sheet is connected to the lower side of the phase change container 2 by thermal grease, and the lower surface (cold end) is directly exposed to the external cold environment.

[0036] Photovoltaic cell 1 absorbs sunlight, converts part of it into electrical energy for external output, and converts the other part into heat energy, which is absorbed by the phase change material in phase change container 2 and transferred to the thermoelectric power generation sheet. The heat loss is reduced by wrapping the rubber-plastic thermal insulation cotton 3, providing a large heat flow input to the input end of the thermoelectric power generation sheet, driving the thermoelectric power generation sheet to generate electricity by temperature difference and output electrical energy. The cold side of the thermoelectric generator is in direct contact with the cold external environment, and the waste heat of the thermoelectric generator is dissipated into the environment through convection and radiation.

[0037] The present invention discloses a thermally insulated photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in extremely cold regions, relating to the field of solar power generation technology. The coupling system comprises a photovoltaic cell 1, a phase change container 2, a phase change material, rubber-plastic thermal insulation foam 3, and a thermoelectric generator. Below the photovoltaic cell 1 are, in order, a phase change container 2 filled with phase change material and a thermoelectric generator. The bottom of the photovoltaic cell 1 is connected to the upper side of the phase change container 2, and the lower side of the phase change container 2 is connected to the thermoelectric generator via thermally conductive adhesive. The remaining portion of the lower side of the phase change container 2 and the surrounding area of ​​the phase change container 2 are wrapped with rubber-plastic thermal insulation foam 3. Part of the sunlight is absorbed by the photovoltaic cell 1 and converted into electrical energy for external output. The remaining portion is converted into heat energy, which is absorbed by the phase change material in the phase change container 2 and transferred to the bottom of the phase change container 2. The thermoelectric generator then absorbs this heat to generate thermoelectric power. The lower side of the thermoelectric generator dissipates some of the excess heat to the cold environment through convection and radiation, maintaining continuous thermoelectric power generation. Furthermore, the rubber-plastic thermal insulation 3 wrapped around the phase change container 2 reduces heat loss between the photovoltaic cell 1 and the phase change material, helping the photovoltaic cell 1 maintain an optimal operating temperature range in cold environments. This invention ensures efficient solar energy utilization, preventing the temperature of the photovoltaic cell 1 from interfering with the temperature of the thermoelectric generator's hot end, while simultaneously increasing the temperature of the thermoelectric generator's hot end.

[0038] In order to verify the feasibility of the present invention, the output characteristics of the pure photovoltaic system and the insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system under severe cold conditions were compared. The results are as follows: Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown. It can be found that in the irradiance ( Figure 2 As shown in Figure a) and ambient temperature ( Figure 2 During the lower test period (as shown in Figure b), the pure photovoltaic system had an average photovoltaic module temperature of 7.06°C and an average conversion efficiency of 12.21%. The thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system had an average photovoltaic module temperature of 10.38°C and an average conversion efficiency of 14.05%. The thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system, which uses phase change materials and thermal insulation materials, can effectively increase the temperature of the photovoltaic panel, thereby improving the stability of the photovoltaic panel in low-temperature environments and improving the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel.

[0039] The present invention also discloses an assembly method of a heat preservation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severe cold regions, comprising: Connection between photovoltaic cell 1 and phase change container 2: The lower surface of photovoltaic cell 1 and the upper contact surface of phase change container 2 need to be surface treated to remove oxide layer and impurities to ensure the flatness and cleanliness of the contact surface; Use thermal conductive glue to evenly apply to the lower surface of the photovoltaic cell 1, then align and fit the phase change container 2, applying appropriate pressure to ensure close contact between the two to reduce thermal resistance; The connection surface area of ​​the upper side of the phase change container 2 is exactly the same as the light-receiving surface area of ​​the photovoltaic cell 1 to ensure uniform heat transfer.

[0040] Connection between the phase change container 2 and the thermoelectric power generation chip: The lower connection surface of the phase change container 2 also needs to be cleaned before being connected to the thermoelectric power generation chip; Thermal conductive silicone grease is used as the connection material and applied to the connection surface on the lower side of the phase change container 2. Then the hot end (upper surface) of the thermoelectric power generation sheet is fitted and fixed with bolts or clamps to ensure the tightness of the connection. The contact surface area on the lower side of the phase change container 2 is larger than the area of ​​the thermoelectric power generation sheet to provide sufficient heat flow input.

[0041] Wrapping of rubber-plastic thermal insulation cotton 3: First, lay a layer of moisture-proof film around the phase change container 2 and the lower side that is not in contact with the thermoelectric power generation sheet, and then wrap it with rubber-plastic thermal insulation cotton 3. After wrapping, use aluminum foil tape or glass fiber cloth to reinforce and seal the outer layer to improve the durability and wind erosion resistance of the insulation layer.

[0042] Phase change material is contained in the phase change container 2. Phase change material is a type of functional material with special thermophysical properties. Its core characteristic is that it undergoes phase transition during temperature changes (such as the conversion between solid and liquid), and absorbs or releases a large amount of heat during the phase change process, thereby achieving temperature regulation or energy storage and release. The amount of heat absorbed or released per unit mass of the material during the phase change process is much higher than that of ordinary materials, and near the phase change temperature, the material maintains a relatively stable temperature through phase transition, and can be used for thermal management or insulation.

[0043] Phase change materials, through their "phase transition-latent heat storage" properties, actively regulate temperature, making them key functional materials for addressing heat waste and improving energy efficiency. In photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupled systems, their combination with high-thermal conductivity containers and insulation structures can simultaneously optimize the operating temperature of photovoltaic cells and the thermal input of thermoelectric power generation, providing core technical support for the efficient utilization of solar energy in extremely cold regions.

[0044] Specifically, during operation of the present invention, the photovoltaic cell 1 faces the sunlight, and the sunlight is incident on the upper surface of the photovoltaic cell 1. After the sunlight passes through the photovoltaic cell 1, the photovoltaic cell 1 converts the part of the sunlight that can be converted into photoelectric energy into electrical energy, and the remaining part is transmitted to the phase change container 2 through the photovoltaic cell 1. The phase change container 2 and the phase change material inside it and the rubber-plastic insulation material 3 wrapped on the outside constitute a heat storage system, which realizes that the heat at the connection between the upper side of the phase change container 2 and the photovoltaic cell 1 is transferred to the lower side of the phase change container 2 and the hot end connection of the thermoelectric power generation plate through the phase change material, driving the thermoelectric power generation plate to perform thermoelectric power generation and output electrical energy to the outside; the remaining heat from the thermoelectric power generation plate is transferred to the external environment, and this part of the waste heat is dissipated into the environment through convection and radiation heat dissipation. Since the external environment is cold, the cold end temperature of the thermoelectric power generation plate is relatively low, which can maintain the continuous thermoelectric conversion.

[0045] During the entire process, the phase change material in the phase change container 2 absorbs and transfers the heat generated by the photovoltaic cell 1, and the rubber-plastic insulation material 3 on the outside of the phase change container isolates the heat loss, achieving the effect of heat preservation, raising the temperature of the photovoltaic cell 1, making it closer to the optimal operating temperature range, and improving its power generation efficiency; the heat storage system composed of the phase change container 2 and the phase change material inside it and the rubber-plastic insulation material 3 wrapped on the outside provides a large heat flow input to the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation sheet; the cold environmental conditions provide a lower cold end temperature for the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation sheet; the design of the entire system can ensure the efficient use of solar energy while controlling the temperature of the photovoltaic cell 1.

[0046] In summary, the present invention provides a thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severely cold regions.

[0047] The above content is only for explaining the technical idea of ​​the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severe cold regions, characterized in that: It comprises a photovoltaic cell (1) and a thermoelectric power generation sheet, wherein a phase change layer is provided between the photovoltaic cell (1) and the thermoelectric power generation sheet; The phase change layer comprises a phase change container (2), wherein the phase change container (2) is filled with a phase change material; The photovoltaic cell (1) and the phase change container (2), as well as the thermoelectric power generation sheet and the phase change container (2) are connected via heat-conducting materials; The phase change material is selected from at least one of organic paraffin, lauric acid, polyethylene glycol and calcium chloride hexahydrate, has a phase change temperature range of 20-25° C., and a thickness of 3-5 cm.

2. The thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severe cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the photovoltaic cell (1) and the top surface of the phase change container (2) coincide with each other.

3. The thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severe cold regions according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The phase change container (2) is made of aluminum.

4. The thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severe cold regions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cell (1) is a single crystal silicon photovoltaic cell.

5. The thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severe cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface area of ​​the thermoelectric power generation sheet is smaller than the bottom surface area of ​​the phase change container (2).

6. The thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severe cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change container (2) is wrapped with a heat-insulating material except for the portion in contact with the photovoltaic cell (1) and the thermoelectric power generation sheet.

7. The thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severe cold regions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thermal insulation material is selected from rubber-plastic thermal insulation cotton (3).

8. The thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severe cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-conducting material is thermal grease.

9. The thermal insulation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severe cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermoelectric power generation sheet comprises two layers of ceramic sheets (4), with an electrode sheet (5) and a thermoelectric pin (6) provided between the two layers of ceramic sheets (4).

10. The heat preservation photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system for use in severe cold regions according to claim 9, characterized in that: The electrode sheet (5) is bonded to the ceramic sheet (4), and the thermoelectric pin (6) is arranged between the two electrode sheets (5).

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