Bright natural pigments-methods of manufacture, compositions and cosmetic applications

Abstract

Disclosed is a composition comprising a natural dye, a bentonite clay matrix, maltodextrin, and optionally a pH adjusting agent. The composition maintains color stability after storage at 28 DEG C and 68% relative humidity for 30 days. The color stability includes maintaining one or more of an L * value, a * value, or b * value, as measured by visible reflectance spectroscopy performed at one or more wavelengths between 400 nm and 800 nm.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application is related to U.S. application serial number 63 / 438,990 filed on January 13, 2023, which is incorporated by reference for all purposes and claims priority to the U.S. application serial number 63 / 438,990 filed on January 13, 2023.

[0003] Statement Regarding Federally Funded Research

[0004] not applicable.

[0005] Reference to a sequence listing

[0006] not applicable. Technical Field

[0007] The disclosed technology generally relates to compositions comprising natural dyes. More particularly, the technology relates to compositions comprising natural dyes for cosmetic applications. Background Art

[0008] Color is one of the key aspects of selling cosmetic products. The ability to capture the attention of consumers through bright, bold and vibrant hues is a factor that contributes to successful marketing campaigns. Consumers around the world are increasingly concerned about the safety of the products they apply to their bodies. Therefore, the demand for natural colorants from non-synthetic sources is growing rapidly. Natural dyes can have a wide range of hues and can be very bright, but often suffer from instabilities, for example, to light, temperature and pH. For example, anthocyanins can exhibit a variety of bright colors ranging from yellow to purple. However, anthocyanins are notoriously unstable, where changes in the molecular structure can lead to undesirable and irreversible changes in color, such as degradation to an undesirable brown pigment. Therefore, it is desirable to stabilize these natural colorants and develop them into more diverse color shades suitable for the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries.

[0009] It would therefore be desirable to stabilize natural dyes so that the desired color is retained for an extended period of time and any product including the natural dye thus has a longer shelf life.

[0010] The physical appearance of existing natural matrix is ​​usually dim, and smell is unpleasant, and usually absorbs moisture, which makes the performance and the shelf life of cosmetic products deteriorate. In addition, the supply of these natural matrixes is still very low, which has increased the difficulty in its input application. Nowadays, to be used in the cosmetic products applied on the body, synthetic or mineral matrix is ​​normally preferred. Still need to keep the natural coloring agent and the composition of natural matrix of original color in the time amount of prolongation simultaneously under various conditions, meet the growing demand of consumer to bright, stable, non-hygroscopic natural cosmetics with less smell. Summary of the Invention

[0011] In one aspect, disclosed herein is a composition comprising a natural dye in an amount between about 5% and about 35% by weight, a bentonite clay matrix in an amount between about 45% and about 60% by weight, maltodextrin in an amount between about 10% and about 45% by weight, and an optional pH adjuster, wherein the natural dye is at least partially integrated into the cationic interlayer of the bentonite clay matrix by a spray drying process. The composition maintains color stability after storage at 28° C. and 68% relative humidity for 30 days, wherein the color stability comprises maintaining at least about 50%, at least about 60%, at least about 70%, at least about 80%, or at least about 90% of one or more of the L* value, a* value, or b* value as measured by visible reflectance spectroscopy at one or more wavelengths between 400 nm and 800 nm. More than about 50%, more than about 60%, more than about 70%, more than about 80%, or more than about 90% of the cations within the cation interlayer are sodium cations (Na + ), and the bentonite clay matrix has a brightness of at least about 50% prior to at least partially integrating the natural dye into the cationic interlayer. The bentonite clay matrix has an initial cation exchange capacity of at least about 75 meq / 100 g prior to at least partially integrating the natural dye into the cationic interlayer.

[0012] In another aspect, disclosed herein is a composition comprising a natural dye in an amount between about 20% and about 35% by weight; a kaolin clay matrix in an amount between about 55% and about 70% by weight; an optional pH adjuster; and an optional surface treatment agent, wherein the composition maintains color stability after storage at 28° C. and 68% relative humidity for 30 days. The color stability of the composition comprises maintaining at least about 50%, at least about 60%, at least about 70%, at least about 80%, or at least about 90% of one or more of the L* value, a* value, or b* value as measured by visible reflectance spectroscopy at one or more wavelengths between 400 nm and 800 nm, wherein prior to contact with the natural dye, the kaolin clay matrix has a reflected brightness of at least about 85%, as measured by visible reflectance spectroscopy.

[0013] In a further aspect, a method of preparing a powder composition is disclosed, the method comprising the steps of: a) homogenizing a natural dye with a solvent to form a slurry having either: i) bentonite clay having a brightness of at least about 50% and a cation exchange capacity (CEC) of at least about 75 meq / 100 g; or ii) kaolin clay having a reflectance brightness of at least about 85%, b) optionally adjusting the pH of the slurry by adding a pH adjuster, and c) spray drying the slurry with an outlet temperature between about 60° C. and about 120° C. to form a powder.

[0014] In another aspect, a natural pigment composition is disclosed, comprising a natural dye in an amount between about 3% and about 40% by weight; a clay matrix in an amount between about 20% and about 75% by weight; an optional co-matrix in an amount between about 0% and about 45% by weight; an optional pH adjuster; and an optional surface treatment agent in an amount between about 1% and about 15% by weight, wherein the natural pigment composition is in powder form. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure will be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are schematic and not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component is generally represented by a single numeral. For clarity, not every component is labeled in every figure, nor is every component of every embodiment of the invention shown, where such illustration is not necessary for one of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention.

[0016] Figure 1The effect of pH on the color of anthocyanins is shown. Form (A) is red and appears at low acidic pH. Form (B) is purple under approximately neutral conditions of pH 6-7. Form (C) is blue-green and appears under alkaline conditions or pH>7.

[0017] Figure 2 is a diagram of the tetrahedron-octahedron-tetrahedron layers of bentonite.

[0018] Figure 3 The CIELAB space used for color measurement is shown. CIELAB, or CIE L*a*b*, is a device-independent 3D color space that enables accurate measurement and comparison of all perceptible colors using three color values.

[0019] Figure 3 The components of the lipstick formulations used in the test examples are shown.

[0020] Figure 4 is a table showing the chromaticity values ​​and corresponding physical appearance of powdered pigment composites using bentonite / montmorillonite as the main matrix.

[0021] Figure 5 is a table showing the chromaticity values ​​and corresponding physical appearance of powdered pigment composites using kaolin as the primary matrix.

[0022] Figure 6 are photographs showing observations of moisture adsorption on various matrix and pigment composites after 30 days at 28° C. and 68% relative humidity.

[0023] Figure 7 Shown are the color values ​​of the red carrot composition using Kunipia-F and ImerCare Opaque as measured on day 1 (fresh) and day 6.

[0024] Figure 8 Shown are the values ​​measured on day 1 (fresh) and day 6 as determined by X-rite spectrophotometer. Figure 7 The corresponding physical color of the pigment composition.

[0025] Figure 9 is a table of chromaticity values ​​of raw materials and purple sweet potato (PSP) pigment composites as measured by spectrophotometer.

[0026] Figure 10 Shown Figure 9 The physical appearance of the PSP pigment composite powder and lipstick and after application to the skin.

[0027] Figure 11Shown are the physical appearance of GB composite powder and lipstick after application on the skin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In view of the instability of natural dyes, the present disclosure provides a pigment composition for bright shades of natural dyes, wherein the natural dyes are encapsulated in a natural matrix to enhance stability over time and to high temperature and high humidity conditions. Compared to other commercially available products, this pigment composition provides color stability over a long period of time and can also provide high brightness, reduced odor, reduced water absorption, and better hiding power and uniformity when used in cosmetic applications. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the pigment composition includes a natural dye (such as anthocyanin) and a natural matrix, wherein the natural matrix includes bentonite or kaolin.

[0029] natural dyes

[0030] Pigment compositions disclosed herein include natural dyes. Natural dyes are colored substances obtained from natural sources. Natural dyes can have colors within the visible light wavelength range between 400nm and 800nm. These colors can be red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple, and blends of these colors.

[0031] The source of natural dyes can be plant extracts. Plant extracts can be separated from any part of a plant, for example roots, leaves, flowers or stems. Additionally and alternatively, the source of natural dyes can also include fruit extracts or vegetable extracts. Natural dyes can be derived from biotechnology, such as biosynthetic, bioengineered or biotechnologically derived color molecules.

[0032] Natural dyes can be water-soluble. Water-soluble natural dyes include anthocyanins. Anthocyanins can be extracted from many types of plants, including red and black carrots, purple sweet potatoes, or butterfly peas. More specifically, anthocyanins may include, for example, pelargonidin, peonidin, cyanindin, malvidin, delphinidin, and petunidin, which may be collected from red radish (Raphanus sativus L.), red sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam.), black carrot (Daucus carota L.), red cabbage (Brassica oleracea.), grape (Vitis vinifera), elderberry (Sambucus nigra), and strawberry (Fragaroa ananassa). Additional examples of water-soluble natural dyes include betaine from beet root extract, norbixin from annatto seeds, and genipin complex such as that produced from gardenia jasminoide or genipa americana fruit extracts.

[0033] Natural oil-soluble dyes may include, for example, beta-carotene extracted from algae or fungal extracts, capsicum oleoresin extracted from chili peppers, carmine extracted from annatto seeds, and azulene extracted from chamomile flowers. Natural dyes may be in solid form, such as powders, or in liquid form, such as oils.

[0034] Many natural dyes change color with changes in pH. For example, some anthocyanins change color from red (acidic) to purple (neutral) to blue-green (alkaline). Figure 1 The results show that the color of anthocyanin changes from red to green as the pH increases. Form (A) is red and appears at low acidic pH. Form (B) is purple under near-neutral conditions of pH 6-7. Form (C) is blue-green and appears under alkaline conditions or pH>7.

[0035] matrix

[0036] The pigment composition may include a natural matrix. In some aspects, the matrix may be a clay, such as bentonite clay, montmorillonite, or kaolin. Bentonite has a layered structure and ion exchange properties, which makes it ideal for cosmetic applications. Bentonite clay has the general formula Al2O3·4(SiO2)·H2O and is a layered aluminum silicate mineral. At the molecular level, bentonite clay is structurally arranged so that a layer includes a sheet of aluminum octahedrons sandwiched between two tetrahedral silica sheets, which is called a tetrahedron-octahedron-tetrahedron (TOT) structure. The TOT layers are weakly negatively charged and are balanced by exchangeable interlayer cations. The interlayer cations may be sodium ions (Na + ), calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) or a mixture of these ions. Other ions may also be included, such as alkali metal ions, alkaline earth metal ions or transition metal ions.

[0037] Bentonite layers can shrink or expand depending on the degree of hydration. The thickness of each monolayer is about 1 nm. When dry, the layers can be stacked to hundreds of nanometers with interlayer cations. During hydration, the volume of bentonite can increase significantly. This swelling phenomenon is due to osmotic swelling. Exchangeable cations can diffuse from high concentration areas of the bulk solution (such as between the layers) to low concentration areas. When exchangeable cations diffuse outside the lattice, the negatively charged layers experience electrostatic repulsion, resulting in volume expansion. This layered molecular structure including interlayer cations provides a matrix with a cation exchange capacity (CEC) or the total capacity of a material for accommodating exchangeable cations. In one example, the CEC of the bentonite matrix can be at least 75 meq / 100 g, optionally at least 80 meq / 100 g, or optionally at least 85 meq / 100 g.

[0038] The cation exchange capacity allows the replacement of ions with Na + and / or Ca 2+ exchange, and become encapsulated between the layers when the matrix is ​​dried. For example, when a matrix such as Figure 1 When being exposed to the bulk solution of positively charged natural dye shown in A, each layer can disperse, and at least some positively charged cations in the positively charged natural dye can be moved out between each layer.At this moment, positively charged natural dye can replace exchangeable cations, and moves in between each layer.The existence of the positively charged natural dye between each layer makes the negatively charged layer stable.When matrix was dried, positively charged natural dye may be trapped between each layer.Thus, natural dye can be integrated or be embedded in each layer of matrix at least in part.

[0039] As a natural matrix, bentonite is available in various forms from commercial sources. As a natural matrix, the present disclosure specifically includes the use of Kunipia-F from Kunimine Industries Co. Ltd. Kunipia is a pure sodium montmorillonite and may have the properties shown in Table 1 below.

[0040] Table 1. Exemplary properties of Kunipia-F.

[0041]

[0042]

[0043] Viscosity: 4% dispersion solution, BM viscometer, 60 rpm, 25°C

[0044] Whiteness: Hunter brightness

[0045] Another natural matrix that can be used in the pigment compositions disclosed herein is kaolin, which has the chemical formula Al2Si2O5(OH)4. Kaolin has stacked tetrahedral-octahedral (TO) layers, where the T and O layers are composed of silicon and aluminum, as described above for bentonite. Kaolin has two lamellae in each layer, which are firmly bonded together by shared oxygen ions. The layers are bonded to each other by hydrogen bonding between the oxygen on the outer surface of the T lamellae of one layer and the hydroxyl (-OH) on the outer surface of the O lamellae of the next layer. Kaolin layers do not have a net charge, and therefore, like bentonite, there are no cations (such as calcium, sodium, or potassium ions) between the layers. Therefore, kaolin has a low ion exchange capacity. The hydrogen bonding between the layers also hinders the penetration of water molecules between the layers, which explains the observed lack of swelling behavior of kaolin.

[0046] When wet, water molecules loosely bond to the platelets of kaolin in a way that allows the platelets to slide past each other when the clay is manipulated but also allows the kaolin clay to hold its molded shape. When kaolin dries, the platelets hydrogen bond directly to each other.

[0047] Natural matrices may include, but are not limited to, Kunipia-F (Kunimine Industries, Ltd.), ImerCare Opaque (Imerys SA), Moistnite-S (Kunimine Industries, Ltd.), Moistnite-U (Kunimine Industries, Ltd.), Caolin G30M (Veneta Mineraria S.PA), Cosmetico, AV-beige, AV-red, AV-gray, etc. Additionally or alternatively, the matrix may be tricalcium citrate, tricalcium phosphate, palm kernel meal, silicon dioxide, polyhydroxybutyrate, or diatomaceous earth.

[0048] As a natural matrix, kaolin is available from commercial sources in various forms. The present disclosure specifically encompasses the use of kaolin in the form of ImerCare Opaque from ImerCare Corporation to achieve desired properties.

[0049] Whiteness and brightness reflectance

[0050] The whiteness and brightness reflectance of the matrix are very important for cosmetic applications and can be measured using spectrophotometry. Brightness reflectance measures the reflectance of visible light, for example, at a wavelength of 457 nm, while whiteness measures the reflectance at all wavelengths. According to one aspect disclosed herein, the pigment composition can include a matrix having a whiteness of at least 50%, or at least 60%, or at least 70%. For example, Kunipia (i.e., sodium bentonite) can have a whiteness of at least 50%, or at least 60%, or at least 70%. The pigment composition can include a kaolin with a high brightness reflectance, for example, a kaolin with a brightness reflectance of at least 85%, or at least 90%, or at least 95%.

[0051] Co-matrix

[0052] Co-matrix can be used to add other cosmetic application characteristics, for example, increase the slippery effect.Co-matrix can comprise polysaccharides, for example maltodextrin, chitosan, gum arabic, cellulose, pullulan (pullulan) etc.Co-matrix can comprise fillers such as mica, talcum, silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate.Co-matrix can comprise the combination of mineral pigments such as boron nitride or clay and polysaccharides, fillers and mineral pigments.

[0053] pH adjustment

[0054] The color of natural dye can be adjusted to desired hue by changing the solution of natural dye or the pH of the slurry that natural dye mixes with matrix. pH can be regulated with the acid or alkali commonly used in chemical field, to obtain the suitable hue of natural dye or to improve solubility. According to one aspect of the disclosure of this paper, citric acid and sodium hydroxide are preferably used. In addition and alternatively, acid can also be used, such as ascorbic acid, α hydroxy acid, β hydroxy acid, volatile acid or fatty acid etc. or its combination. The alkali for regulating pH can comprise amine, such as organic amine, ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or its combination. pH adjusting agent can exist with the amount between 8% and 15%, between 9% and 14%, between 12% and 15% or between 10% and 12% by weight.

[0055] Method for preparing pigment composition

[0056] The method of preparing the pigment composition may include the steps of: (i) homogenizing the natural dye and the matrix in a solvent to prepare a slurry, including pH adjustment as needed to achieve a desired color shade or solubility of the natural dye, and (ii) spray drying the slurry with an outlet temperature of about 60°C to about 120°C, or between 90°C and 120°C, between 70°C and 100°C, or between 60°C and 90°C.

[0057] The solvent can be water or a volatile organic solvent such as ethanol or a blend thereof. The solvent can be an emulsion base, such as an oil-in-water emulsion base. The choice of solvent will depend on the properties of the natural dye. For water-soluble natural dyes, water is preferably used, while for natural oil-soluble dyes, a volatile organic solvent or an emulsion base can be used.

[0058] The color hue and / or solubility of natural dyes can be tuned by adjusting the pH of the solution. Figure 1 As shown in, the molecular structure of natural dyes can change according to pH, and the variation of said molecular structure and then corresponding to the variation of color and / or solubility of natural dyes.As mentioned above, acid or alkali can be used to regulate pH.The pH of the solution of natural dyes can be regulated before adding substrate.The pH of the mixture of substrate and natural dyes can be regulated after natural dyes and substrate and solvent are combined to form homogeneous suspension or slurry.

[0059] The solution or slurry of natural dye and matrix combination can be spray-dried.Atomizer or spray nozzle makes liquid or slurry disperse into the spray of controlled droplet size.Can transmit the drying gas such as air, oxygen, nitrogen or other inert gases through heating in the direction identical with the direction of spraying liquid.Alternatively, gas can flow in the opposite direction with liquid stream, in this case, hot air and the liquid stream from atomizer flow in the opposite direction.After spray-drying, moisture content is about 0wt% to about 10wt%, between 1wt% and 9wt%, between 2wt% and 5wt%, and is preferably about 0wt% to about 5wt%.This drying procedure reduces the moisture content of pigment composition effectively.Dried pigment composition can be stable, prevents absorbing atmospheric humidity.

[0060] The slurry of natural dye and matrix combination is carried out spray drying and has produced the particle of relatively uniform size.Method can further comprise (iii) reducing particle size to prepare the optional step of powdered product.Particle size can be reduced and homogenized by using grinder or jet mill to grind, grind or pulverize.The particle size of the pigment composition in powder form can be about 1 μ m to about 20 μ m, preferably about 2 μ m to about 10 μ m, as measured by laser diffraction.Particle size can be between 1 μ m to 20 μ m, between 2 μ m to 20 μ m, between 1 μ m to 5 μ m, between 5 μ m to 20 μ m, between 10 μ m to 15 μ m or between 5 μ m to 15 μ m.

[0061] surface treatment agent

[0062] The method may further include the optional step (iv) of adding a surface treatment agent. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the surface treatment agent can be used for post-treatment in addition. For example, synthetic or natural surface treatment agents such as oils, butters or waxes can be used to make the natural pigment more hydrophobic and / or lipophilic, and to improve the dispersibility of the natural pigment in oil medium or silicone medium. The surface treatment agent can include stearates such as polyglycerol-10-pentaisostearate or polyglycerol-10 nine isostearates, waxes such as white meadowfoam wax, oils or butters such as moringa oil or moringa butter or aloe oil or aloe butter, silicones and combinations thereof.

[0063] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the pigment composition obtained in powder form can be used for cosmetic applications. The pigment composition can be used in powder form, such as a compacted powder. The pigment composition can be used in the form of a dispersion such as a lipstick or a liquid, such as a foundation. In these cases, the pigment composition is typically dispersed in an oil, wax, or silicone medium. The pigment composition can be dispersed in an oil, wax, or silicone emulsion in the form of an aqueous solution, preferably in a cosmetic formulation. The pigment composition can be dispersed in a liquid (such as an oil or silicone) or a solid (such as butter or wax). The pigment composition disclosed herein can improve the brightness of the cosmetic pigment composition and the brightness on the body (skin, lips, hair, eyelashes) after application.

[0064] Cosmetic applications in the present invention may include, for example, lipsticks, lip glosses, facial makeup products, hair dyes, sunscreens, mascaras, foundations, etc. Cosmetic formulations may be in the form of powders, single or dual phase emulsions, water-in-oil or oil-in-water emulsions, gels, or creams.

[0065] In some aspects, the pigment composition can include a natural dye in an amount between about 3% and about 40%, between about 5% and 30%, between about 5% and about 35%, or between about 10% and about 25% by weight. In some aspects, the pigment composition can include a bentonite clay matrix in an amount between about 25% and about 75%, between about 50% and about 70%, between about 45% and about 50%, between about 50% and about 65%, or between about 45% and about 60% by weight. In some aspects, the pigment composition can include a kaolin clay matrix in an amount between about 45% and about 80%, between about 50% and about 75%, between about 45% and about 50%, between about 50% and about 65%, or between about 55% and about 70% by weight. In certain aspects, the pigment composition can include a co-matrix, such as maltodextrin, in an amount between about 1% and about 70%, between about 5% and about 60%, between about 10% and about 30%, between about 20% and about 40%, or between about 10% and about 45% by weight.

[0066] In certain aspects, the pigment composition maintains color stability after storage at 28° C. and 68% relative humidity for 30 days, wherein the color stability comprises maintaining at least about 50%, at least about 60%, at least about 70%, at least about 80%, or at least about 90% of one or more of the L* value, a* value, or b* value as measured by visible reflectance spectroscopy at one or more wavelengths between 400 nm and 800 nm.

[0067] As shown in the examples below, pigment compositions comprising Kunipia-F or ImerCare Opaque and prepared according to the methods disclosed herein exhibit excellent color stability over time and when stored at 28° C. and 68% relative humidity. Factors contributing to this excellent performance and stability of compositions comprising Kunipia-F or ImerCare Opaque materials include purity, composition, and ion exchange capacity (in the case of Kunipia-F), as well as the spray-drying method for encapsulating the natural dye.

[0068] other

[0069] Unless the context states or indicates otherwise, the terms "a," "an," and "the" all mean "one or more." For example, "a molecule" should be interpreted as meaning "one or more molecules."

[0070] As used herein, "about," "approximately," "substantially," and "significantly" will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art and will vary to some extent depending on the context in which they are used. If the use of the term is unclear to one of ordinary skill in the art, then, taking into account the context in which it is used, "about" and "approximately" will mean ±≤10% of the particular term, and "substantially" and "significantly" will mean ±>10% of the particular term.

[0071] As used herein, the terms "include" and "including" have the same meaning as the terms "comprise" and "comprising." The terms "comprise" and "comprising" should be interpreted as "open" transitional terms that permit the inclusion of additional components beyond those recited in the claims. The terms "consisting of" and "consisting of" should be interpreted as "closed" transitional terms that permit the inclusion of additional components beyond those recited in the claims. The term "consisting essentially of" should be interpreted as being partially closed and permitting the inclusion of additional components that do not fundamentally change the nature of the claimed subject matter.

[0072] Unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by the context, all methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order. The use of any and all examples or exemplary language (e.g., "such as") provided herein is intended only to better illustrate the present invention and does not limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise indicated. Any language in this specification should not be construed as indicating any unclaimed element as necessary for practicing the present invention.

[0073] All references, including publications, patent applications, and patents, cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each reference were individually and specifically indicated to be incorporated by reference and were set forth in its entirety herein.

[0074] Examples

[0075] method

[0076] Physical evaluation

[0077] Physical evaluations of the exemplary pigment compositions were performed by humans using the senses of touch, sight, and smell of professionals in the cosmetics field. These evaluations included physical observations of the pigment compositions for scent, evenness or coverage, and brightness after application to the skin.

[0078] Humidity evaluation

[0079] High moisture absorption over time can cause natural pigments to become darker and harder over time. Bentonite, montmorillonite, and kaolin pigment composites were further subjected to a 30-day moisture absorption study using high humidity conditions of 28°C and 68% relative humidity. This condition simulated the high humidity environment of Asian countries and, at the same time, confirmed the hygroscopic properties of the pigment composites.

[0080] Chromaticity evaluation

[0081] Colorimetric analysis was performed using an X-rite spectrophotometer VS450 with the Color iQC program. The primary objective of this colorimetric study was to identify which pigment composites provided the warmest and brightest red hues, indicated by the highest L*, a*, and b* values. Figure 2 The CIELAB color sphere is shown, which aids in illustrating and selecting the best pigment composites.For comparative purposes, the study used the commercially available NATPURE XFINE RADISHRR319 (INCI: Radish Extract) as a comparison benchmark.

[0082] lipstick formula

[0083] In some examples, the pigment composition was tested as a lipstick. Figure 3 As shown in the table.

[0084] Examples 1 to 5 used anthocyanins, a natural water-soluble dye from radish known as red radish (RR). Example 6 used anthocyanins from another source, sweet potato known as purple sweet potato (PSP). Example 7 used genipin-hydrolyzed gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides ellis) known as Gardenia Blue (GB). The general composition may include a natural dye (1-70 wt%), a matrix (30-99 wt%), an optional co-matrix (0-60 wt%), an optional pH adjuster, and an optional surface treatment agent (1-15 wt%).

[0085] Example 1: Selection of natural substrates

[0086] Radish extract powder was obtained from Sensient Beauty as "NATPURE XFINE RADISH RR319 (INCI: Radish Extract)" as a source of anthocyanins.

[0087] The composition of the natural pigment is as follows: natural dye: 3-40 wt%; natural matrix: 20-75 wt%; Option 1 - co-matrix: 0-40 wt%; Option 2 - pH adjustment with acid or base such as citric acid or sodium hydroxide depending on the natural dye; Option 3 - surface treatment agent: 1 wt% to 15 wt%.

[0088] New matrices have been selected to achieve their opaque appearance: (1) tricalcium citrate, (2) tricalcium phosphate, (3) kaolin, (4) palm kernel meal, (5) montmorillonite, (6) silica, (7) polyhydroxybutyrate, (8) bentonite, and (9) diatomaceous earth.

[0089] The new spray-dried pigment composites were subjected to evaluation of the following five factors, and the results are summarized in Table 2: (A) brightness in powder form; (B) odor of powder in powder form; (C) moisture content of the powder; (D) uniformity / coverage of the lipstick; and (E) brightness after application to the skin.

[0090] Values ​​are given between 0 and 10. A value of 0 corresponds to a natural pigment that is not bright, has a strong odor, has a high water content, and has uneven coverage when the lipstick is applied, and is not bright after application to the skin. A value of 10 corresponds to a natural pigment that is very bright, has no odor, has no water content, and has good coverage when the lipstick is applied, and is very bright after application to the skin.

[0091] The results shown in Table 2 indicate that only kaolin and bentonite produced bright natural pigments, low in moisture, little or no odor, and were uniform, providing good hiding power upon application.

[0092] Table 2. Summary of the results of various natural pigments subjected to the five evaluation factors

[0093]

[0094] Example 2: Carrot Extract Encapsulated in Clays: Bentonite and Montmorillonite

[0095] For comparison in lipstick application, seven different grades of clay were used: four bentonites (Kunipia-F, Moistnite-S, Moistnite-U and COSMETICO) and three montmorillonites (grey, beige and red).

[0096] These natural pigments comprise about 20 wt % to about 35 wt % of Xfine Radish RR319, about 45 wt % to about 60 wt % of bentonite or montmorillonite, about 10 wt % to about 25 wt % of maltodextrin and about 8 wt % to about 15 wt % of citric acid. Citric acid is added to regulate the pH value of the pigment in the range of 2.9 to 3.4 but preferably 3.0. Commercially available natural clays: bentonite clay (Kunipia-F, Moistnite-U and Moistnite-S) are obtained from Kunipia Industries, Ltd. Bentonite clay (COSMOTICO) is obtained from SwellWellMineChem, and montmorillonite clay (ArgileVerte grey / beige / red) is obtained from Argiles Du Bassin Mediterraneen (Argiles Du Bassin Mediterraneen ABM).

[0097] Figure 4 The L*, a*, b*, C* and h results for the powdered pigment composite of Example 2 composition are presented. The spray-dried ingredients were then subjected to lipstick application testing. Images of the lab-scale lipstick and its corresponding application on skin were recorded and also plotted on the Figure 4 in the list.

[0098] according to Figure 4 The results, summarized in

[15] , indicate that the Kunipia-F-Red Carrot composite material exhibited the highest L*, a*, and C* values ​​among the selected bentonites and montmorillonites, which indicate the brightest and reddest shades. It is also noteworthy that Kunipia-F also provided the warmest red hue, yielding the highest b* values. The analytically analyzed values ​​also correspond to the brightest observed physical appearance of the lipstick when applied to skin.

[0099] Example 3: Carrot Extract Encapsulated on Kaolin

[0100] For comparison in lipstick application, three different grades of kaolin were used. Radish extract powder was obtained from Sensient Cosmetics Technologies as "Red Radish Extract (INCI: Radish Extract)" as a source of anthocyanins.

[0101] The pigment composite material comprises about 20 wt% to about 35 wt% of a carrot extract, about 55 wt% to about 70 wt% of kaolin, and about 8 wt% to about 15 wt% of citric acid. Natural clay kaolin (Caolin G30M) was obtained from Veneta Mineraria Inc., and kaolin (ImerCare Opaque) was obtained from ImerCare. The composition in this example was surface treated with about 1 wt% to about 6 wt% of polyglyceryl-10 pentaisostearate. The surface treatment agent is not limited to polyglyceryl-10 pentaisostearate and can also be extended to other agents such as white meadow wax, polyglyceryl-10 nonaisostearate, moringa oil / moringa butter, aloe oil, or aloe butter.

[0102] For this example comprising kaolin as the primary matrix, the analyzed color values ​​were recorded and reported in Figure 5 The colorimetric results indicate that the ImerCare Opaque-Carrot composite could be another effective candidate for enhancing the brightness and chroma of pigments. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The difference between the composite of ImerCare Opaque pigment and the Kunipia-F pigment composite lies in the b* value, with the pigmented bentonite composition exhibiting the highest b* value producing a warmer (yellow) hue and the pigmented kaolin composition producing a cooler (blue) hue.

[0103] Example 4: Hygroscopicity evaluation

[0104] Bentonite, montmorillonite, and kaolin pigment composites were further subjected to a 30-day moisture absorption study using high humidity conditions of 28°C and 68% relative humidity. This condition was set to simulate the high humidity environment of Asian countries and, at the same time, to verify the hygroscopicity of the pigment composites. These pigment composites were compared with the benchmark Xfine RR319, and the results were Figure 6 in the list.

[0105] High moisture absorption over time can cause natural pigments to become darker and harder over time. Figure 6As shown in the observations, the benchmark Xfine RR319 changed from a maroon powder to a black solid. This observed phenomenon was expected due to the hygroscopic properties of maltodextrin and natural juice extract. Adding bentonite, montmorillonite, or kaolin clay to the new pigment composites reduced the water absorption process. However, the retardation of water absorption was limited to 5 days, as hardening and darkening were observed on the pigment composites: AV-Beige-RR, AV-Red-RR, and G30M-RR. This hardening and darkening clearly indicated water absorption. Observations continued until day 8, at which point the hardening and darkening appearance reappeared on Moistnite-S-RR, Moistnite-U-RR, Cosmetico-RR, and AV-Gray-RR. The water absorption study was concluded at day 30, with Kunipia-F-RR and ImerCare Opaque-RR (indicated by arrows) showing neither hardening nor darkening.

[0106] In summary, the colorimetric and humidity evaluations of radish with various co-matrices showed that the pigment composite containing Kunipia-F exhibited the highest L*, a*, and C* values, which indicate the brightest and reddest. The pigment composite ImerCare Opaque-RR was included for further evaluation due to its best performance in the humidity testing.

[0107] Example 5: Evaluation of lipstick color evolution

[0108] Commercially available Natpure Xfine RR319 reportedly experiences a color change effect, even when formulated for lipstick applications. Six hours after application to skin, a blue shift in color was observed with Xfine RR319. Due to the fact that skin pH varies, studies of the color evolution of the novel pigment composite were instead performed on neutral pH paper as a base.

[0109] The pigment composites Kunipia-F-RR and ImerCare Opaque-RR were applied to paper and the L*, a*, b*, C* and h values ​​were measured immediately using an X-rite spectrophotometer and then marked as Day 1. The final measurement was taken 6 days later and recorded in Figure 7 The table shown in FIG, wherein the corresponding measured color is Figure 8 middle.

[0110] It is a known phenomenon that the color of natural red radish extract does undergo a blue shift due to the pH-dependent effect of anthocyanins. Figure 7 and 8The results shown in Figure 2 show that, compared with Xfine RR319 lipstick, Kunipia-F-RR and ImerCare Opaque-RR pigment composites in lipstick are physically brighter and redder. As for performance, when applied on neutral pH paper, the newly applied Kunipia-F-RR pigment composite shows the best result on neutral pH paper, physically showing the brightest and reddest (orange hue). As observation proceeds to the 6th day, it is worth noting that the red hue of both Xfine RR319 and ImerCare Opaque-RR has become purple at the end of the 1st day, while the red hue of Kunipia-F remains stable. At the end of the 6th day, only Kunipia-F-RR keeps its a* and b* highest red hue, while the other two pigment composites become light purple and light pink respectively.

[0111] The Kunipia-FRR pigment composite successfully demonstrated good stability on bentonite in the presence of pH-dependent anthocyanins beyond day 1 and maintained well as it progressed to day 6. This behavior was attributed to the physicochemical properties of bentonite that resulted in electrostatic interactions with the anthocyanins in the extract.

[0112] After completing the study on radish, sodium bentonite (Kunipia-F) from Kuniminai Industries and kaolin (ImerCare Opaque) from ImerCare were deployed for the remainder of the case studies on various vegetable / fruit extracts.

[0113] Example 6: Another source of anthocyanins from sweet potatoes [Purple sweet potatoes]

[0114] The second case study of the present invention used sweet potato extract powder as a source of anthocyanins to provide a bluish red to pink hue. The source of sweet potato extract powder was obtained from a commercially available product: "Purple Sweet Potato (PSP) Extract" from Sensient Cosmetics Technologies.

[0115] In this preferred embodiment, the pigment composite comprises about 5 wt % to about 30 wt % of a purple sweet potato extract, about 25 wt % to about 40 wt % of bentonite (Kunipia-F), about 30 wt % to about 45 wt % of maltodextrin, and about 8 wt % to about 15 wt % of citric acid. The citric acid is added to adjust the pH to a range of 2.9 to 3.4, preferably 3.0.

[0116] Natpure Xfine Potato SP313 was used as an example for illustration purposes but was not included in the colorimetric analysis due to its low color intensity and poor hiding power in lipstick application. Figure 9The color values ​​measured by spectrophotometer are recorded, and Figure 10 Depicts the physical appearance of powder and lipstick after application to the skin.

[0117] Based on the research conducted in the first case study, the color evolution of this new Kunipia-F-PSP will be measured and evaluated on day 1 and day 6 relative to the raw material PSP study. Figure 9 and 10 It is clearly shown and demonstrated that bentonite (Kunipia-F) can stabilize and preserve anthocyanins in purple sweet potato extract. Figure 9 The electronic data shown in Figure 3 show that a slight blue shift occurs on the Kunipia-F-PSP pigment composite, but its brightness and redness change are minimal. Raw material PSP was chosen as a benchmark to highlight the stabilization effect of bentonite on anthocyanins.

[0118] The sweet potato study further supports the conclusions drawn from the first case study using radish extract. This study demonstrates that the deployment of bentonite (as Kunipia-F) can be extended to other natural extracts containing anthocyanins, regardless of which type of anthocyanin predominates in the extract.

[0119] Example 7: Non-anthocyanidin source as a natural dye - Genipin hydrolyzed Gardenia [Gardenia Blue]

[0120] This case study of the present disclosure provides a blue hue from a non-anthocyanidin extract such as Gardenia jasminoides extract. The source of Gardenia jasminoides extract powder was obtained from a commercially available product: "Natpure Xfine Gardenia GB618" from Sensient Cosmetics Technologies.

[0121] In this preferred embodiment, the pigment composite comprises about 1 wt % to about 15 wt % of Xfine Gardenia GB618 powder, about 25 wt % to about 40 wt % of bentonite (Kunipia-F), and about 60 wt % to about 75 wt % of maltodextrin.

[0122] In another preferred embodiment, the pigment composite comprises about 1 wt % to about 15 wt % XfineGardenia GB618 powder, about 40 wt % to about 55 wt % kaolin (ImerCare Opaque), and about 40 wt % to about 55 wt % maltodextrin.

[0123] based on Figure 11The physical observations shown in Figure 2 clearly show that for this non-anthocyanidin case study, bentonite (Kunipia-F) produces a warmer hue (light yellow hue) of the pigment composite, while kaolinite (ImerCare Opaque) produces a cooler hue (light blue hue). This study shows that bentonite (Kunipia-F) is generally able to provide brighter hues (light yellow hues) not only for natural extracts containing anthocyanidins, but also extends to other natural extracts containing genipin-amino acid complex pigments (gardenia blue or Jagua blue). The same novel behavior was also observed with kaolinite (ImerCare Opaque) as a co-matrix, providing brighter hues (light blue hues) with a substantially high brightness reflectance index, regardless of whether the natural extract contained anthocyanidins or an amino acid complex extract.

[0124] The preferred aspects of the present invention are described herein, including the best mode for implementing the present invention known to the inventors. After reading the foregoing description, the changes in those preferred aspects may become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The inventors expect that those of ordinary skill in the art will adopt these changes when appropriate, and the inventors intend that the present invention be put into practice in a manner different from that specifically described herein. Therefore, where applicable law permits, the present invention includes all modifications and equivalents to the subject matter recited in the appended claims. In addition, unless otherwise noted herein or otherwise clearly contradictory to the context, the present invention encompasses any combination of the above-mentioned elements with all possible variations thereof.

Claims

1. A composition comprising: natural dyes in an amount between 5% and 35%, optionally between 5% and 30%, or optionally between 10% and 25% by weight; a bentonite clay matrix in an amount between 45% and 60%, optionally between 50% and 60%, or optionally between 45% and 55% by weight; maltodextrin in an amount between 10% and 45%, optionally between 20% and 40%, or optionally between 10% and 30% by weight; and Optional pH adjuster, wherein the natural dye is at least partially integrated into the cationic interlayers of the bentonite clay matrix by a spray drying process, wherein the composition maintains color stability after storage at 28° C. and 68% relative humidity for 30 days, wherein color stability comprises maintaining at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, or at least 90% of one or more of the L* value, a* value, or b* value as measured by visible reflectance spectroscopy at one or more wavelengths between 400 nm and 800 nm, wherein greater than 50%, greater than 60%, greater than 70%, greater than 80% or greater than 90% of the cations within the cation interlayer are sodium cations, wherein the bentonite clay matrix has a whiteness of at least 50%, optionally at least 60% or optionally at least 70% prior to at least partially integrating the natural dye into the cationic interlayer, and wherein the bentonite clay matrix has an initial cation exchange capacity of at least 75 meq / 100 g, optionally at least 80 meq / 100 g, or optionally at least 85 meq / 100 g, prior to at least partially integrating the natural dye into the cationic interlayer.

2. A composition comprising: natural dyes in an amount between 20% and 35%, between 20% and 30%, or between 25% and 35% by weight; a kaolin clay matrix present in an amount between 55% and 70%, between 60% and 70%, or between 55% and 65% by weight; optionally a pH adjuster; and Optional surface treatment agent, wherein the composition maintains color stability after storage at 28° C. and 68% relative humidity for 30 days, wherein color stability comprises maintaining at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, or at least 90% of one or more of the L* value, a* value, or b* value as measured by visible reflectance spectroscopy at one or more wavelengths between 400 nm and 800 nm, and wherein the kaolin clay matrix has a reflectance brightness of at least 85%, optionally at least 90% or optionally at least 95% prior to contacting the natural dye as measured by visible reflectance spectroscopy.

3. The composition of claim 2, comprising the surface treatment agent, wherein the surface treatment agent is selected from the group consisting of: a stearate, optionally polyglyceryl-10 pentaisostearate or polyglyceryl-10 nonaisostearate, a wax, optionally meadowfoam wax, an oil or butter, optionally moringa oil or moringa butter, optionally aloe oil or aloe butter, a silicone, and combinations thereof.

4. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the natural dye has a hue that changes with pH, ​​the composition comprising the pH adjusting agent.

5. The composition of claim 4, wherein the pH adjuster is citric acid.

6. The composition of claim 4 or 5, wherein the pH adjuster is present in the composition in an amount between 8% and 15%, optionally between 9% and 14%, optionally between 12% and 15%, or optionally between 10% and 12% by weight.

7. The composition of any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a co-matrix, wherein the co-matrix comprises a polysaccharide.

8. A filled composition comprising the composition of any preceding claim, further comprising at least one filler, wherein the filler comprises mica, talc, silica or calcium carbonate.

9. The composition of any preceding claim further comprising at least one mineral pigment comprising boron nitride or clay.

10. The composition of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the natural dye is anthocyanin, genipin-amino acid complex, or a combination thereof.

11. A method for preparing a powder composition, the method comprising the steps of: a) homogenizing a natural dye with a solvent to form a slurry having either: i) a bentonite clay having a brightness of at least 50%, optionally at least 60%, or optionally at least 70%, and a cation exchange capacity (CEC) of at least 75 meq / 100 g, optionally at least 80 meq / 100 g, or optionally at least 85 meq / 100 g; or ii) a kaolin clay having a reflected brightness of at least 85%, optionally at least 90%, optionally at least 95%, b) optionally adjusting the pH of the slurry by adding a pH adjusting agent, and c) spray drying the slurry with an outlet temperature between 60°C and 120°C, optionally between 90°C and 120°C, optionally between 70°C and 100°C, or optionally between 60°C and 90°C to form a powder.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising step d) performing a particle size reduction process to reduce the particle size of the powder composition to between 1 μm and 20 μm, optionally between 1 μm and 5 μm, optionally between 5 μm and 20 μm, optionally between 10 μm and 15 μm, or optionally between 5 μm and 15 μm, wherein the particle size reduction process comprises milling, grinding, pulverizing, or a combination thereof.

13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent is water, a volatile organic solvent or an emulsion base.

14. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the particle size of the powder composition is between 2 μm and 10 μm, optionally between 2 μm and 5 μm, optionally between 5 μm and 10 μm or optionally between 8 μm and 10 μm.

15. The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the moisture content is between 0 wt% and 10 wt%, between 1 wt% and 9 wt%, between 2 wt% and 5 wt%, or between 0 wt% and 5 wt%.

16. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising the step (v) combining the particles of the powder composition with an additive, wherein the additive comprises an oil, a butter or a wax.

17. The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the additive comprises polyglyceryl-10 pentaisostearate, meadowfoam wax, polyglyceryl-10 nonaisostearate, moringa oil, moringa butter, aloe oil, aloe butter, and combinations thereof.

18. The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pH adjuster is an acid comprising citric acid, ascorbic acid, an alpha hydroxy acid, a beta hydroxy acid, a volatile acid, or a fatty acid, or a combination thereof.

19. The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pH adjuster is a base comprising an amine, an organic amine, ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or a combination thereof.

20. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the powder composition is for cosmetic application, wherein the cosmetic application is in the form of a powder, lotion, emulsion, gel and / or cream.

21. A natural pigment composition comprising: natural dyes, in an amount between 3% and 40% by weight; a clay matrix, wherein the amount of the clay matrix is ​​between 20% and 75% by weight; an optional co-substrate, the optional co-substrate being present in an amount between 0% and 45% by weight; optionally a pH adjuster; and an optional surface treatment agent, the amount of the optional surface treatment agent being between 1% and 15% by weight, The natural pigment composition is in powder form.

22. The natural pigment composition of claim 21, wherein the clay matrix is ​​at least one of a bentonite clay matrix, a montmorillonite clay matrix, or a kaolin clay matrix.

23. The natural pigment composition according to claim 21 or 22, wherein the natural dye is a plant extract, a fruit extract, a vegetable extract or anthocyanin.

24. The natural pigment composition according to claim 23, wherein the anthocyanin is at least one of pelargonidin, peonidin, cyanidin, malvidin, delphinidin and petunidin, and the anthocyanin can be collected from red radish (Raphanus sativus L.), red sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam.), black carrot (Daucus carota L.), red cabbage (Brassica oleracea.), grape (Vitis vinifera), elderberry (Sambucus nigra) or strawberry (Fragaroa ananassa).

25. The natural pigment composition according to any one of claims 21 to 24, wherein the natural dye is water-soluble or oil-soluble.

26. The natural pigment composition of claim 25, wherein the natural dye is oil-soluble and is at least one of: beta-carotene extracted from algae or fungus extracts, capsicum oleoresin extracted from chili peppers, carmine extracted from annatto seeds, or azulene extracted from chamomile flowers.

27. The natural pigment composition of any one of claims 21 to 26, wherein the clay matrix comprises exchangeable interlayer cations comprising at least one of sodium cations, calcium cations, alkali metal ions, alkaline earth metal ions, or transition metal ions.

28. The natural pigment composition of any one of claims 21 to 27, wherein the clay matrix has a cation exchange capacity (CEC) of at least 75 meq / 100g, optionally at least 80 meq / 100g or optionally at least 85 meq / 100g.

29. The natural pigment composition according to any one of claims 21 to 28, wherein the natural pigment composition has a whiteness of at least 50%, optionally at least 60% or optionally at least 70%.

30. The natural pigment composition of any one of claims 21 to 29, wherein the natural pigment composition has a luminance reflectance of at least 85%, optionally at least 90% or optionally at least 95% as measured by visible reflectance spectroscopy.

31. The natural pigment composition of any one of claims 21 to 30, further comprising the co-matrix comprising at least one of the following: a polysaccharide, maltodextrin, chitosan, gum arabic, cellulose, pullulan, a filler, mica, talc, silica, calcium carbonate, a mineral pigment, boron nitride, or clay.

32. The natural pigment composition according to any one of claims 21 to 31, further comprising the pH adjuster, wherein the pH adjuster comprises at least one of the following: citric acid, sodium hydroxide, ascorbic acid, alpha hydroxy acid, beta hydroxy acid, volatile acid, fatty acid, amine, organic amine, ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.

33. The natural pigment composition according to any one of claims 21 to 32, wherein the natural dye is at least partially integrated into the cationic interlayers of the clay matrix by a spray drying process.

34. The natural pigment composition of claim 33, wherein greater than 50%, greater than 60%, greater than 70%, greater than 80% or greater than 90% of the cations within the cationic interlayer are sodium cations.

35. The natural pigment composition according to any one of claims 21 to 34, wherein the natural pigment composition maintains color stability after storage at 28°C and 68% relative humidity for 30 days.

36. The natural pigment composition of claim 35, wherein color stability comprises maintaining at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, or at least 90% of one or more of the L* value, a* value, or b* value as measured by visible reflectance spectroscopy at one or more wavelengths between 400 nm and 800 nm.

37. The natural pigment composition of any one of claims 21 to 36, wherein the clay matrix has an initial cation exchange capacity of at least 75 meq / 100 g, optionally at least 80 meq / 100 g, or optionally at least 85 meq / 100 g, prior to at least partially integrating the natural dye into the cationic interlayer of the clay matrix.

38. The natural pigment composition of any one of claims 21 to 37, wherein the clay matrix has a reflectance brightness of at least 85%, optionally at least 90%, optionally at least 95% prior to contacting the natural dye as measured by visible reflectance spectroscopy.

39. The natural pigment composition according to any one of claims 21 to 38, wherein the surface treatment agent is selected from the group consisting of stearates such as polyglyceryl-10 pentaisostearate or polyglyceryl-10 nonaisostearate, waxes such as meadowfoam wax, oils or butters such as moringa oil or moringa butter or aloe oil or aloe butter, silicones, and combinations thereof.

40. The natural pigment composition according to any one of claims 21 to 39, wherein the natural dye has a color that changes with pH, ​​and the composition comprises the pH adjuster.

41. The natural pigment composition of claim 40, wherein the pH adjuster is present in the composition in an amount between 8% and 15%, optionally between 9% and 14%, optionally between 12% and 15%, or optionally between 10% and 12% by weight.

42. The natural pigment composition according to any one of claims 21 to 41, wherein the particle size of the natural pigment composition is between 2 μm and 10 μm, optionally between 2 μm and 5 μm, optionally between 5 μm and 10 μm or optionally between 8 μm and 10 μm.

43. The natural pigment composition of any one of claims 21 to 42, wherein the moisture content of the natural pigment composition is between 0 wt% and 10 wt%, optionally between 1 wt% and 9 wt%, optionally between 2 wt% and 5 wt% or optionally between 0 wt% and 5 wt%.

44. The natural pigment composition according to any one of claims 21 to 43, wherein the natural pigment composition is for use in cosmetic applications.

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