Large equipment main shaft wear repair welding machine and processing method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to large-scale equipment main shaft wear repair technical field, specifically relates to a kind of large-scale equipment main shaft wear repair welding machine and processing method thereof, including support ring one, support ring two and transmission mechanism, the outside of the support ring one is fixedly installed with six installation seat one, the outside of the support ring two is fixedly installed with six installation seat two, the opposite side of the support ring one and support ring two is movably installed with two driving mechanism one, two The driving mechanism one all includes synchronous servo motor.The present application is repaired to main shaft damage by adopting on-line cladding, according to the shape size and on-site construction condition of main shaft, has specially developed and made the on-line cladding welding machine and the external cylindrical lathe of adaptation, the cladding welding machine has the characteristics such as high degree of automation, easy operation, convenient transportation, external cylindrical lathe can carry out precision machining to the cylindrical parts of various materials, can meet the workshop production technical requirements in shape and dimensional accuracy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of large equipment main shaft wear repair, and in particular to a large equipment main shaft wear repair welding machine and a processing method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The main shaft of large equipment is the core rotating component of a mechanical system, and plays a key role in transmitting torque and supporting rotating motion, and is commonly used in fields such as machine tools, wind power, metallurgy, and chemical industry. Its characteristics include: high load and precision: it needs to withstand alternating loads, vibrations, and friction, and the precision directly affects the stability of equipment operation. Special material: usually made of medium or high carbon steel or alloy steel, and needs to be treated by quenching and tempering, surface quenching, etc. to improve strength and wear resistance. Difficulty in repair: after wear, welding repair is often used, or technologies such as brush plating and laser cladding are used, and after repair, precise machining to the design size is required. Stress concentration caused by mechanical wear, corrosion fatigue, and installation errors needs to be prevented by regular flaw detection (such as ultrasonic) and oil analysis to prevent failure.

[0003] Damage to the main shaft of large equipment is a common problem in enterprise equipment management and maintenance, and there are a large number of damaged shafts. There are many reasons for the damage to the main shaft, and the common ones are as follows: 1. Insufficient lubrication. It can cause the pressure oil film on the tile and shaft surface to disappear, increase the running static friction coefficient, and cause damage to the tile and shaft; 2. Main shaft quality problem. The main shaft is a forged part, and runs in a state of heavy load, high temperature and high pressure for a long time. Material defects will gradually form surface pitting and peeling. 3. Installation problem. When installing the supporting wheel, it is not installed according to the specified requirements or the maintenance is not timely enough, etc. which leads to damage to the main shaft. In general, most of the shaft wear problems are not easy to detect, and only when the machine is overheated, the amplitude of the jump is large, and the abnormal sound occurs, etc. which leads to equipment failure, and the shaft is severely damaged when the machine is stopped for maintenance. After the damage occurs, the traditional repair mode is usually used, 1. The whole is disassembled, returned to the factory for repair welding and machining, although it has high repair precision, but its shortcomings are also obvious, disassembly and transportation are very difficult and practical problems, using this repair process will affect the normal production of the enterprise due to the repair cycle and repair cost, 2. Replacing new parts costs too much and cannot be repaired online, based on this, a large equipment main shaft wear repair welding machine and a processing method thereof are proposed. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems in the background art, and a large equipment main shaft wear repair welding machine and a processing method thereof are proposed.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The utility model provides a large -scale equipment main shaft wear repair welding machine, including support ring no.

[0007] The transmission mechanism comprises a support ring, four sliding seats are fixedly installed on the outer side of the support ring, a sliding rod is slidably sleeved on the inner side of each of the four sliding seats, a support bearing is sleeved on the inner side of the support ring, an installation ring is sleeved on the inner side of the support bearing, a driven gear ring is fixedly sleeved on one end of the installation ring, a driving mechanism no.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of groups of installation holes no.

[0009] Preferably, the synchronous servo motor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the installation seat no.

[0010] Preferably, the active mechanism two comprises a driving servo motor, an outer side of an output shaft of the driving servo motor is drivingly connected with a driving gear, the outer side of the output shaft of the driving servo motor is connected with a stabilizing seat through a bearing sleeve, the stabilizing seat is fixedly installed on the top of the supporting ring, the driving servo motor and the top of the stabilizing seat are fixed through a support, and the outer side of the driving gear is in driving connection with the outer side of a driven gear ring.

[0011] Preferably, the synchronous telescopic mechanism comprises an oil cylinder, oil delivery pipes are communicated with two sides of the oil cylinder, the other ends of the oil delivery pipes are communicated with telescopic rods one, the output ends of the telescopic rods one are fixedly installed with electromagnetic heating rings, a sealing piston is movably sleeved on the inner side of the oil cylinder, an electrically-controlled telescopic column two is fixedly installed on one side of the sealing piston, a fixing frame is fixedly installed on the fixed portion of the electrically-controlled telescopic column two, one end, away from the electrically-controlled telescopic column two, of the fixing frame is fixedly installed on the bottom of the supporting ring, hydraulic oil is arranged in the oil cylinder, the oil delivery pipes and the telescopic rods one, the telescopic rods one are circumferentially and symmetrically distributed on the outer side of the supporting ring, and the electromagnetic heating rings and the supporting ring are concentric circles.

[0012] Preferably, the two gas filtering mechanisms each comprise a threaded mounting cylinder, the threaded mounting cylinder is communicated in the inside of the supporting ring, the supporting ring is hollow, non-woven fabric filter core cotton is movably inserted in the inside of the threaded mounting cylinder, a threaded fixing seat is screw-connected in the inside of one end, away from the supporting ring, of the threaded mounting cylinder, and a threaded communication head is communicated with one end, away from the threaded mounting cylinder, of the threaded fixing seat.

[0013] Preferably, the input end of the oxyacetylene flame spray gun is communicated with an oxyacetylene multi-way delivery pipe, the oxyacetylene flame spray gun is obliquely guided to the center of the supporting ring, the electrically-controlled telescopic column one and the oxyacetylene flame spray gun are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the base material box, and the output end of the electrically-controlled telescopic column one is connected with the oxyacetylene flame spray gun through an adjustable rotary connection.

[0014] Preferably, a box cover is movably installed on the top of the base material box, a discharging laying box is fixedly installed on the bottom of the base material box, the bottom of the discharging laying box is arc-shaped, the specification size of the arc-shaped bottom is matched with the specification size of the inner side of the mounting ring, a flow guide cone is fixedly installed on the bottom of the inner cavity of the base material box, a fixed perforated baffle is fixedly installed on the top of the inner cavity of the discharging laying box, two slide strips are fixedly installed on the inner side of the discharging laying box, an active perforated baffle is slidably installed on the top of the two slide strips, the top of the active perforated baffle is in sliding contact with the bottom of the fixed perforated baffle, the top of the fixed perforated baffle is fixedly installed with the bottom of the flow guide cone, the inside of the fixed perforated baffle and the active perforated baffle is each provided with a plurality of flow guide holes arranged in a matrix, the holes of the active perforated baffle are slightly larger than the holes of the fixed perforated baffle, an electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the bottom of the active perforated baffle, and the fixed portion of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed in the inside of the discharging laying box.

[0015] In the above-mentioned large equipment main shaft wear repair processing method, the above-mentioned large equipment main shaft wear repair welding machine is applied, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1, construction preparation, first check the construction site power, water, construction site to the scene of the material and equipment condition, to ensure that meet the construction requirements, then equipped with construction personnel, check, ready for labor protection supplies, construction tools and materials, and to the scene to see the terrain, construction space, confirm the construction method and spare parts access to the site, and then ensure safety construction and construction.

[0017] S2, program confirmation: confirm the defect site and wear, and perform cleaning after flaw detection→roughening after purification→preheating→using FGM-KM-B.U alloy, layer-by-layer cladding→cylindrical machine tool machining→detection→delivery, confirm the defect site and wear, and then clean and detect, first clean the surface oil stains, rust spots, fatigue layer and irregular defects, after the defects are thoroughly cleaned, roughening treatment is performed, the wound carburizing layer and oxide layer are cleaned by grinding, and the metal is exposed to the original luster, so as to improve the metallurgical bonding force of the fusion zone and the edge zone of the substrate, and finally the coloring flaw detection is used to ensure that the substrate defects are thoroughly cleaned, and finally the purification treatment is performed: eliminate the residual impurities on the parts.

[0018] S3, preheating before cladding, then the support ring one and the support ring two and the transmission mechanism are sleeved outside the large equipment main shaft, the size of the main shaft is matched with the inner side of the installation ring of the same specification, and the installation ring large equipment main shaft wear part is obtained, then the clamping screw is rotated to make the clamping head clamped outside the main shaft, the equipment is fixed, then the electromagnetic heating ring is stretched out by starting the synchronous telescopic mechanism, the input port of the electric control telescopic column one is connected with the output port of the oxygen cylinder and the acetylene generator, and the oxygen acetylene flame is used to preheat the large equipment main shaft wear part by the oxygen acetylene flame spray gun according to the need, if the crack is deep, the electromagnetic heating ring is used to preheat the scratch, so as to preheat according to the need, after preheating, the corresponding FGM-KM-B.U alloy powder material is selected for layer-by-layer cladding, before cladding, preheating is adopted due to the large size of the workpiece and on-line repair, preheating is adopted in local partial stage gradient, so as to relieve the heating and stress deformation, in the whole cladding process, the temperature of the cladding part and the surrounding is strictly controlled, the constant temperature welding within the permitted range is ensured, and the bonding force between the cladding material and the substrate reaches the cladding process standard.

[0019] S4, in the cladding process, the synchronous servo motor is started to rotate, thereby moving the screw rod, the support ring is pushed to move through the thread of the moving seat, and then the sliding rod limits the sliding of the sliding seat, thereby prompting the support ring and the mounting ring to move outside the main shaft, then the prepared FGM-KM-B.U alloy material is placed in the base box and the layer-by-layer cladding operation is performed, then the servo motor is driven to rotate to drive the stable seat to rotate and drive the driving gear ring to rotate, thereby driving the mounting ring to rotate, so that the material laying box and the mounting ring rotating outside the main shaft are rotated, the angle of the material laying box rotating outside the main shaft is adjusted, the electric telescopic rod is pulled to drive the movable opening baffle and the fixed opening baffle to be in alignment from misalignment, thereby prompting the material laying hole to be connected, and the material is laid, then the electric control telescopic column is extended, the driving mechanism is rotated to drive the transmission mechanism to retract, the oxyacetylene flame torch is moved to the cladding position, and the layer-by-layer cladding is performed by flame heating, and in this process, the alloy is prepared by the immersion melting method according to the combined layer and the working layer in a gradient, and attention is paid to the fact that the alloy (accounting for 43.7%) can be comprehensively incorporated into the base metal (accounting for 56.3%) during cladding, and the layer-by-layer cladding is performed after preheating, and two kinds of molten layers are generated during the cladding process.

[0020] ①Combined layer: KM1# new material is used to dilute the cladding area S, P, and eliminate or reduce the cold and hot cracks generated by S, P. M1# new material is mainly composed of austenite structure. Main elements are Cr, C, Mn, Mo, Ni, etc. Different alloys are selected for different workpiece materials to change the metallographic structure of the original material, add specific elements of FGM-KM-B.U, dilute the content of S and P in the cladding layer, purify the crystal medium, reduce the generation of hot and cold cracks, and some alloy elements can reduce the content of C and Mn in the solid solution of the fusion area, improve the cladding property of the area, enhance the bonding force, achieve the purpose of restoring the size and gradually strengthening, and make the bonding strength reach 500N.

[0021] ②Working layer: KM3# new material is used to improve the heat resistance, wear resistance and load capacity of the material. KM3# new material is mainly composed of multiphase wear-resistant alloy with pearlite structure, mainly composed of Co, Cr, Ti, Mn, W, Mo, etc. The strengthened metal can resist high stress and has good anti-wear and tear performance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, fatigue resistance and wear resistance.

[0022] S5, in the process of surfacing, it must be strictly in accordance with the "FGM-KM-B.U" three new materials, B.U new technology cladding process operation, the process of threaded connector external communication exhaust pipeline, airflow in the threaded seat and threaded installation cylinder form a passage, and the support ring gas extraction, and the surfacing process generated by the smoke particles with the airflow through the air hole, guide flow to the threaded installation cylinder inside, and then through the non-woven filter core cotton adsorption of smoke particles, thereby reducing the smoke on the operator's vision, after surfacing, with asbestos slow cooling treatment to normal temperature, to avoid the deformation caused by the rapid change of temperature, crack and other defects, after surfacing through preheating, slow cooling, heat preservation and hammering way dispersion and alloy powder eliminate welding stress.

[0023] S6, after the heat preservation cooling, through the wear area machining cutting leveling.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the large equipment main shaft wear repair welding machine and the machining method thereof have the advantages that:

[0025] 1, the scheme confirms the defect site and the wear amount, and after cleaning, detects defects, roughens, purifies, preheats, uses FGM-KM-B.U alloy to perform layer-by-layer cladding, performs machining on the external cylindrical machine tool, detects, and delivers, confirms the defect site and the wear amount, and then cleans and detects defects, first, removes surface oil stains, rust spots, fatigue layers, and irregular defects, after the defects are completely cleaned, roughening treatment is performed, the wound carburized layer and the oxidation layer are cleaned by grinding, and the metal is exposed to the original luster, so as to improve the metallurgical bonding force of the fusion zone and the edge zone of the base body, after completion, color detection is used to detect and ensure that the base body defects are completely cleaned, and finally, purification treatment is performed: the residual impurities on the part are removed, the overall process is perfect, the machining effect is good, and online processing can shorten the construction period and reduce the use of funds;

[0026] 2, preheat before cladding, then sleeve the support ring one and the support ring two and the transmission mechanism outside the large equipment main shaft, the size of the main shaft is matched with the inside of the installation ring of the specification, the installation ring is matched with the large equipment main shaft wear part, then rotate the clamping screw to clamp the clamping head outside the main shaft, fix the equipment, then start the synchronous telescopic mechanism to extend the electromagnetic heating ring, connect the input port of the electric control telescopic column one with the output port of the oxygen cylinder and the acetylene generator, and use the oxygen-acetylene flame to preheat the large equipment main shaft wear part step by step according to the oxygen-acetylene flame spray gun, if the crack is deep, the electromagnetic heating ring is used to preheat the scratch, so that the preheating treatment can be performed according to the demand, and the corresponding FGM-KM-B.U alloy powder material is selected for layer-by-layer cladding after preheating, which can be conveniently moved outside the main shaft, so as to be suitable for active cladding operation at different positions.

[0027] 3、The scheme of the process of surfacing, must be strictly in accordance with the "FGM-KM-B.U" three new materials, B.U new technology cladding process operation, the process of threaded connector external communication exhaust pipeline, airflow in the threaded fixed seat and threaded installation cylinder form a passage, and the support ring of the airflow is extracted, and the surfacing process of the smoke particles generated with the airflow through the air hole, guide flow to the inside of the threaded installation cylinder, and then through the non-woven fabric filter core cotton adsorption smoke particles, thereby reducing the influence of smoke on the line of sight of the operator, after surfacing, with asbestos slow cooling treatment to normal temperature, avoid due to temperature change sharply and lead to deformation, crack and other defects, after surfacing through preheating, slow cooling, heat preservation and hammering mode dispersion and alloy powder eliminate welding stress, the whole operation line of sight is ensured, and the construction safety of the operation environment is indirectly ensured;

[0028] In summary, the present application adopts the on-line cladding scheme for the main shaft damage repair, according to the shape size and the site construction condition of the main shaft, the on-line cladding welding machine and the external cylindrical lathe are specially developed and manufactured, the cladding welding machine has the characteristics of high automation, simple operation, convenient transportation and the like, the external cylindrical lathe can precisely machine cylindrical parts of various materials, and the shape and size precision can meet the production technical requirements of the plant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is the front view of the present application schematic diagram of appearance structure;

[0030] Figure 2 It is the rear view of the present application schematic diagram of appearance structure;

[0031] Figure 3 It is the front view of the present application schematic diagram of appearance structure;

[0032] Figure 4 It is the right view of the present application schematic diagram of appearance structure;

[0033] Figure 5 It is the rear view of the present application schematic diagram of appearance structure;

[0034] Figure 6 It is the present application Figure 1 A structure enlarged schematic diagram in the middle;

[0035] Figure 7 It is the present application Figure 1 B structure enlarged schematic diagram in the middle;

[0036] Figure 8 It is the present application Figure 3 C structure enlarged schematic diagram in the middle;

[0037] Figure 9 It is the present application Figure 3 D structure enlarged schematic diagram in the middle;

[0038] Figure 10 is the present invention Figure 4 is the present invention

[0039] Figure: 1, the first supporting ring; 101, the first mounting hole; 102, the first mounting seat; 2, the clamping mechanism; 201, the clamping screw; 202, the threaded seat; 203, the clamping head; 3, the first driving mechanism; 301, the synchronous servo motor; 302, the moving screw; 303, the moving seat; 4, the second supporting ring; 401, the second mounting hole; 402, the second mounting seat; 5, the transmission mechanism; 501, the supporting ring; 502, the sliding seat; 503, the sliding rod; 504, the driven gear ring; 505, the mounting ring; 506, the supporting bearing; 507, the air hole; 6, the air filter mechanism; 601, the threaded mounting cylinder; 602, the threaded communication head; 603, the threaded fixing seat; 604, the non-woven fabric filter core cotton; 7, the synchronous telescopic mechanism; 701, the first telescopic rod; 702, the oil cylinder; 703, the oil delivery pipe; 704, the second electric control telescopic column; 705, the sealing piston; 706, the fixed frame; 8, the electromagnetic heating ring; 9, the second driving mechanism; 901, the driving servo motor; 902, the stabilizing seat; 903, the driving gear; 10, the oxyacetylene flame spray gun; 1001, the oxyacetylene multi-way delivery pipe; 11, the first electric control telescopic column; 12, the base box; 1201, the box cover; 1202, the blanking box; 1203, the flow guide cone; 1204, the fixed opening baffle; 1205, the movable opening baffle; 1206, the electric telescopic rod; 1207, the sliding bar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments.

[0041] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0042] Reference Figures 1-10The utility model provides a large -scale equipment main shaft wear repair welding machine, including support ring no. One 1, support ring no. Two 4 and transmission mechanism 5, six mounting seat no. One 102 are fixedly installed to the outside of support ring no. One 1, six mounting seat no. Two 402 are fixedly installed to the outside of support ring no. Two 4, two active mechanism no. One 3 are movably installed to the opposite side of support ring no. One 1 and support ring no. Two 4, and two active mechanism no. One 3 all include synchronous servo motor 301, and the output of synchronous servo motor 301 is connected with movable screw rod 302 in drive, and the outside of movable screw rod 302 is connected with movable seat 303 in screw thread, and the outside of support ring no. One 1 and support ring no. Two 4 all are installed with clamping mechanism 2.

[0043] Transmission mechanism 5 includes support ring 501, four sliding seats 502 are fixedly installed to the outside of support ring 501, the inside of four sliding seats 502 all is slidingly connected with slide rod 503, support bearing 506 is sleeved to the inside of support ring 501, installation ring 505 is sleeved to the inside of support bearing 506, the outside of installation ring 505 one end is fixedly connected with driven gear ring 504, active mechanism no. Two 9 is installed to the top of support ring 501, base material box 12 is fixedly installed to the other end of installation ring 505, two electric control telescopic columns no. One 11 are fixedly installed to the outside of installation ring 505 away from driven gear ring 504 one end, and the output of two electric control telescopic columns no. One 11 all is fixedly installed with oxyacetylene flame spray gun 10, base material box 12 is fixedly installed to the outside of installation ring 505 away from driven gear ring 504 one end, two gas filter mechanisms 6 are communicated to the outside of support ring 501, a plurality of air holes 507 are seted up to the side of support ring 501 away from driven gear ring 504, synchronous telescopic mechanism 7 is fixedly installed to the side of support ring 501 away from driven gear ring 504, and electromagnetic heating ring 8 is installed to the output of synchronous telescopic mechanism 7.

[0044] FGM-KM-B.U alloy material, namely, a dispersion strengthened composite metal gradient functional material, is a special alloy series. The alloy material series has fusibility, easy fusion with the base material, and comprehensive physical properties such as wear resistance, impact resistance, heat dispersion stress resistance, and corrosion resistance. The alloy layer formed after the alloy material is fused on the surface of the base material has a crystal phase organization mainly composed of pearlite, martensite, austenite, and bidirectional wear-resistant alloy. When the cladding alloy material changes from solid to liquid and then to solid, the oxides on the surface of the base metal are deoxidized, and low-melting-point borosilicate slag is generated and floated to form a protective film, so that the molten alloy and the treated solid base metal are metallurgically combined. Before cladding, the installation ring 505 is fitted on the outside of the large equipment spindle, and the size of the spindle is matched with the inside of the installation ring 505 of the specified size, and the installation ring 505 of the large equipment spindle is worn. Then, the clamping screw 201 is rotated to clamp the clamping head 203 on the outside of the spindle to fix the equipment. Then, the electromagnetic heating ring 8 is extended by starting the synchronous telescopic mechanism 7, and the input port of the electric telescopic column one 11 is connected to the output port of the oxygen cylinder and the acetylene generator. According to the needs, the oxygen-acetylene flame is used to gradually preheat the large equipment spindle wear area by using the oxygen-acetylene flame of the oxygen-acetylene flame gun 10. If the crack is deep, the electromagnetic heating ring 8 is used to preheat the scratch for preheating treatment according to the needs. After preheating, the corresponding FGM-KM-B.U alloy powder material is selected for layer-by-layer cladding. When preheating before cladding, the preheating is carried out in local partial stages to alleviate the thermal and stress deformation. During the whole cladding process, the cladding part and the surrounding temperature are strictly controlled to ensure constant temperature welding within the permitted range, and the bonding force of the cladding material and the base body reaches the cladding process standard. During the cladding process, the synchronous servo motor 301 is started to rotate, so that the screw 302 rotates, the support ring 501 moves through the threaded pushing of the moving seat 303, and then the sliding rod 503 limits the sliding of the sliding seat 502, so that the support ring 501 and the installation ring 505 move on the outside of the spindle. Then, the FGM-KM-B.The U alloy material is placed in the base box 12 after preparation and is subjected to layer-by-layer cladding operation, then the servo motor 901 is driven to rotate to drive the stabilizing seat 902 to rotate and drive the driving gear 903 to rotate, thereby driving the mounting ring 505 to rotate through the meshing driven gear ring 504, so that the blanking box 1202 and the mounting ring 505 fitted on the outside of the main shaft rotate, the angle of the rotation on the outside of the main shaft is adjusted, the electric telescopic rod 1206 is opened to pull the movable opening baffle 1205 to be in alignment with the fixed opening baffle 1204, thereby causing the blanking hole to be communicated, and the blanking is performed, then the material is uniformly scattered in one layer, the electric telescopic column 11 is extended to drive the transmission mechanism 5 to retract, thereby causing the oxyacetylene flame spray gun 10 to move to the cladding position, and the flame heating layer-by-layer cladding is performed, and in this process, the alloy is prepared by the gradient immersion melting method according to the combined layer and the working layer, and attention should be paid to the alloy in the cladding process to be 43.7% and the base metal to be 56.3% so as to be comprehensively mixed, preheating is performed, and then layer-by-layer cladding is performed, two kinds of molten layers are generated in the cladding process, and in the surfacing process, the threaded communication head 602 is connected with the communication air exhaust pipeline, the airflow forms a passage in the threaded fixing seat 603 and the threaded mounting cylinder 601, and the airflow of the supporting ring 501 is exhausted, and the smoke particles generated in the surfacing process are guided to the inside of the threaded mounting cylinder 601 through the air holes 507 along with the airflow, and then the smoke particles are adsorbed through the non-woven fabric filter core cotton 604, thereby reducing the influence of the smoke on the visual line of the operator, after the surfacing is completed, the asbestos is used for slow cooling to room temperature, so as to avoid deformation, cracks and other defects caused by sharp temperature change, after the surfacing is completed, the preheating, slow cooling, heat preservation and hammering are used to disperse and eliminate the welding stress of the alloy powder, and after the heat preservation and cooling are completed, the worn parts are machined and cut to be flat.

[0045] The inside of the first supporting ring 1 is provided with a plurality of groups of first mounting holes 101, the inside of the second supporting ring 4 is provided with a plurality of groups of second mounting holes 401, the first mounting holes 101 are uniformly distributed in the inside of the first supporting ring 1, the second mounting holes 401 are uniformly distributed in the inside of the second supporting ring 4, the first mounting seat 102 and the second mounting seat 402 are uniformly distributed on the outside of the first supporting ring 1 and the second supporting ring 4 respectively, the two groups of clamping mechanisms 2 each include four clamping screws 201, the outside of each clamping screw 201 is threadedly connected with a threaded seat 202, the two groups of threaded seats 202 are fixedly installed on the outside of the first mounting seat 102 and the second mounting seat 402, and the opposite ends of the four clamping screws 201 are fixedly installed with clamping heads 203, and the two groups of clamping screws 201 are threadedly connected to extend to the inside of the second supporting ring 4 and the first supporting ring 1 respectively.

[0046] In the embodiment, the support ring one 1 and the support ring two 4 provide mounting and fixing functions for the two ends of the main structure, and provide mounting and limiting fixing for the main structure through the mounting seat two 402 and the mounting seat one 102. When the clamping mechanism 2 is in use, the clamping screw 201 and the threaded seat 202 are rotated through the threaded connection force, and the support ring one 1 and the support ring two 4 are cooperated and stabilized through the edge ring threaded penetration. After rotation, the clamping head 203 is abutted against the outside of the main shaft, thereby a relatively stable fixing force is generated, which facilitates subsequent machining operations and increases the relative stability of the overall structure.

[0047] The synchronous servo motor 301 is fixedly installed on the outside of the mounting seat one 102, the moving screw 302 is movably penetrated through the mounting seat one 102 and movably extended to one side of the mounting seat two 402 through a bearing, the moving seat 303 is fixedly installed on the outside of the support ring 501, the four sliding seats 502 are uniformly distributed on the outside of the support ring 501, and the two ends of the slide rod 503 are fixedly installed on the opposite sides of the mounting seat one 102 and the mounting seat two 402.

[0048] In the embodiment, when the synchronous servo motor 301 rotates, the moving screw 302 is driven to rotate. The synchronous servo motor 301 is a synchronous control servo motor, and the moving screw 302 is a high-precision screw of the same level and has an error precision within an allowable range. After the synchronous servo motor 301 is rotated, the moving seat 303 is pushed through the threaded connection force, and the moving seat 303 is kept in a relatively stable structure through the sliding and limiting of the slide rod 503 and the sliding seat 502, thereby the relative stability of the overall structure is increased.

[0049] The driving mechanism two 9 includes a driving servo motor 901, a driving gear 903 is in transmission connection with the outside of the output shaft of the driving servo motor 901, a stable seat 902 is sleeved with the output shaft of the driving servo motor 901 through a bearing, the stable seat 902 is fixedly installed on the top of the support ring 501, the driving servo motor 901 and the top of the stable seat 902 are fixed through a support, and the outside of the driving gear 903 is in transmission connection with the outside of the driven gear ring 504.

[0050] In the embodiment, after the driving servo motor 901 is rotated, the driving gear 903 is driven to rotate, the driven gear ring 504 is driven to rotate through the driving gear 903, the mounting ring 505 is driven to rotate through the driven gear ring 504, the mounting ring 505 is kept in a relatively stable position under the rolling support of the support bearing 506, the stable seat 902 provides a stable fixing support force for the driving servo motor 901 through the support, and the output shaft of the driving servo motor 901 is kept in a relatively stable support force on the inside of the stable seat 902 through a bearing.

[0051] The synchronous telescopic mechanism 7 comprises an oil cylinder 702, both sides of the oil cylinder 702 are communicated with oil conveying pipes 703, the other end of the oil conveying pipes 703 is communicated with a telescopic rod 701, the output end of the telescopic rod 701 is fixedly installed with the electromagnetic heating ring 8, the inner side of the oil cylinder 702 movably sleeves a sealing piston 705, one side of the sealing piston 705 is fixedly installed with an electric control telescopic column 704, the fixed part of the electric control telescopic column 704 is fixedly installed with a fixed frame 706, the end, away from the electric control telescopic column 704, of the fixed frame 706 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the supporting ring 501, the inside of the oil cylinder 702, the oil conveying pipes 703 and the telescopic rod 701 is provided with hydraulic oil, the telescopic rod 701 is circumferentially symmetrically distributed outside the supporting ring 501, and the electromagnetic heating ring 8 and the supporting ring 501 are concentric circles.

[0052] In the embodiment, when the synchronous telescopic mechanism 7 is extended, the electric control telescopic column 704 is extended to drive the sealing piston 705 to push in the oil cylinder 702, the oil in the oil cylinder 702 is guided out through the oil conveying pipes 703 and pushed into the telescopic rod 701, so that the telescopic rod 701 is synchronously pushed out, and the electromagnetic heating ring 8 is moved, thereby ensuring the moving position and the synchronous moving distance of the electromagnetic heating ring 8, and facilitating the position adjustment of the electromagnetic heating ring 8 for preheating and heating.

[0053] Both the two air filter mechanisms 6 comprise a threaded mounting cylinder 601, the threaded mounting cylinder 601 is communicated in the inside of the supporting ring 501, the supporting ring 501 is hollow, the inside of the threaded mounting cylinder 601 movably inserts a non-woven fabric filter core cotton 604, the inside of the end, away from the supporting ring 501, of the threaded mounting cylinder 601 is threadedly connected with a threaded fixing seat 603, the end, away from the threaded mounting cylinder 601, of the threaded fixing seat 603 is communicated with a threaded communication head 602.

[0054] In the embodiment, during operation, the threaded communication head 602 is externally communicated with a gas suction pipeline, the air flow forms a passage between the threaded fixing seat 603 and the threaded mounting cylinder 601, the air flow in the supporting ring 501 is sucked out, the smoke particles generated in the surfacing process pass through the air holes 507 along with the air flow, are guided to the inside of the threaded mounting cylinder 601, and then are adsorbed by the non-woven fabric filter core cotton 604, thereby reducing the influence of the smoke on the visual field of the operator and ensuring the reduction of the influence on the operation environment.

[0055] The input end of the oxyacetylene flame spray gun 10 is communicated with an oxyacetylene multi-way conveying pipe 1001, the oxyacetylene flame spray gun 10 is obliquely directed to the center of the supporting ring 501, the electric control telescopic column 1 1 and the oxyacetylene flame spray gun 10 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base material box 12, and the output end of the electric control telescopic column 1 1 is connected with the oxyacetylene flame spray gun 10 through an adjustable rotary connection.

[0056] In the embodiment, the oxyacetylene flame spray gun 10 is an oxyacetylene spray gun, and is rotatably installed at the output end of the electric control telescopic column I, so as to adjust the position and the inclination by rotating to facilitate the adjustment of the electric control telescopic column I, and to guide the flame at the cladding position, so as to ensure the relative stability during the operation, and the oxyacetylene flame spray gun 10 and the oxyacetylene multi-way conveying pipe 1001 are the oxygen and acetylene conveying pipe and spray gun in the prior art, which are convenient for being communicated and guided with the oxygen cylinder and the acetylene generator and for being sprayed with the flame, so as to cooperate with the cladding operation.

[0057] The top of the base material box 12 is movably installed with a box cover 1201, the bottom of the base material box 12 is fixedly installed with a discharging and spreading box 1202, the bottom of the discharging and spreading box 1202 is arc-shaped, the specification and size of the arc-shaped bottom are matched with the specification and size of the inner side of the mounting ring 505, the bottom of the inner cavity of the base material box 12 is fixedly installed with a flow guide cone 1203, the top of the inner cavity of the discharging and spreading box 1202 is fixedly installed with a fixed opening baffle 1204, the inner side of the discharging and spreading box 1202 is fixedly installed with two sliding strips 1207, the top of the two sliding strips 1207 is slidably installed with a movable opening baffle 1205, the top of the movable opening baffle 1205 is slidably contacted with the bottom of the fixed opening baffle 1204, the top of the fixed opening baffle 1204 is fixedly installed with the bottom of the flow guide cone 1203, the inside of the fixed opening baffle 1204 and the movable opening baffle 1205 is respectively provided with a matrix arranged flow guide hole, the hole of the movable opening baffle 1205 is slightly larger than the hole of the fixed opening baffle 1204, the bottom of the movable opening baffle 1205 is fixedly installed with an electric telescopic rod 1206, and the fixed part of the electric telescopic rod 1206 is fixedly installed in the inside of the discharging and spreading box 1202.

[0058] In the embodiment, when the base material box 12 is operated, the box cover 1201 is opened to knead the cladding alloy powder into the inside of the base material box 12, and the electric telescopic rod 1206 is retracted when discharging, so as to drive the movable opening baffle 1205 to slide under the clamping of the sliding strip 1207 and the fixed opening baffle 1204, and the fixed opening baffle 1204 and the movable opening baffle 1205 are in the misaligned plugging state in the initial position, and after the movable opening baffle 1205 is moved by the electric telescopic rod 1206, the discharging holes of the fixed opening baffle 1204 and the movable opening baffle 1205 are corresponded, so as to promote the cladding powder to be sprinkled, and cooperate with the movement of the driving mechanism I 3 and the transmission mechanism 5, so as to promote the powder to be uniformly sprinkled on the outside of the main shaft in a layer, and to be cladded and sprayed layer by layer, which is convenient for being used in cooperation with the automatic control mechanism.

[0059] A large equipment main shaft wear repair processing method applies a large equipment main shaft wear repair welding machine, including the following steps:

[0060] S1, construction preparation, first check the construction site power, water, construction site to the field of materials and equipment conditions, to ensure that meet the construction requirements, then equipped with construction personnel, check, ready for labor protection supplies, construction tools and materials, and to the site to view the site topography, construction space, confirm the construction method and spare parts access to the site, and then ensure safety construction and construction.

[0061] S2, program confirmation: confirm the defect site and wear, and perform cleaning after flaw detection → roughening after purification → preheating → using FGM-KM-B.U alloy, layer-by-layer cladding → external cylindrical machine tool machining → detection → delivery, confirm the defect site and wear, and then clean and detect, first clean the surface oil stains, rust spots, fatigue layer and irregular defects, after the defects are thoroughly cleaned, roughening treatment is performed, the wound carburized layer and oxide layer are cleaned by sanding, exposing the metal's natural luster, to facilitate improving the metallurgical bonding force of the fusion zone and the edge zone of the substrate, after completion, color flaw detection is used to ensure that the substrate defects are thoroughly cleaned, and finally, purification treatment is performed: eliminate residual impurities on the parts.

[0062] S3, preheating before cladding, then by fitting the support ring one 1 and the support ring two 4 and the transmission mechanism 5 outside the large equipment main shaft, the size of the main shaft is matched with the inside of the installation ring 505 of the specified size, and the installation ring 505 of the large equipment main shaft is worn, then the clamping screw 201 is rotated to make the clamping head 203 clamped outside the main shaft, the equipment is fixed, then the electromagnetic heating ring 8 is extended by starting the synchronous telescopic mechanism 7, the input port of the electric control telescopic column one 11 is connected with the output port of the oxygen cylinder and the acetylene generator, and the oxygen-acetylene flame is used to preheat the large equipment main shaft wear area by oxygen-acetylene flame spray gun 10 according to the need, if the crack is deep, the electromagnetic heating ring 8 is used to preheat the scratch, so that the preheating treatment is carried out according to the need, after preheating, the corresponding FGM-KM-B.U alloy powder material is selected for layer-by-layer cladding, before cladding, preheating is adopted due to the large size of the workpiece and online repair, preheating is carried out in local partial stages to alleviate the thermal and stress deformation, during the whole cladding process, the cladding site and the surrounding temperature are strictly controlled to ensure constant temperature welding within the permitted range, and the bonding force between the cladding material and the substrate reaches the cladding process standard.

[0063] S4, in the cladding process, the synchronous servo motor 301 is started to rotate, thereby moving the screw rod 302 to rotate, the support ring 501 is moved by the threaded movement of the moving seat 303, and then the sliding rod 503 limits the sliding movement of the sliding seat 502, thereby promoting the movement of the support ring 501 and the mounting ring 505 outside the main shaft, then the prepared FGM-KM-B.U alloy material is placed in the base box 12 and the layer-by-layer cladding operation is performed, then the servo motor 901 is driven to rotate to drive the stabilizing seat 902 to rotate and drive the driving gear ring 903 to rotate, thereby driving the mounting ring 505 to rotate through the meshing driven gear ring 504, so that the blanking box 1202 and the mounting ring 505 rotating outside the main shaft rotate, the angle of rotation outside the main shaft is adjusted, the electric telescopic rod 1206 is opened to pull the movable opening baffle 1205 and the fixed opening baffle 1204 from the misalignment to the alignment, thereby promoting the communication of the blanking hole, and the material is discharged, then the electric control telescopic column 11 is extended to drive the driving mechanism 3 to rotate to drive the transmission mechanism 5 to retract, thereby moving the oxyacetylene flame gun 10 to the cladding position, and performing flame heating and layer-by-layer cladding, and in this process, the alloy is prepared by the immersion melting method according to the combined layer and the working layer in a gradient manner, and attention should be paid to the cladding that the alloy accounts for 43.7% and the base metal accounts for 56.3% during the cladding, and the layer-by-layer cladding is performed after preheating, and two kinds of molten layers are generated during the cladding process.

[0064] ①Combined layer: KM1# new material is used to dilute the cladding area S, P, and eliminate or reduce the cold and hot cracks generated by S, P. M1# new material is mainly austenitic structure. Main elements are composed of Cr, C, Mn, Mo, Ni, etc. Different alloys are selected for different workpiece materials to change the metallographic structure of the original material, add specific elements of FGM-KM-B.U, dilute the content of S and P in the cladding layer, purify the crystal medium, reduce the generation of hot and cold cracks, and some alloy elements can reduce the content of C and Mn in the solid solution of the fusion area, improve the cladding property of the area, enhance the bonding force, achieve the purpose of restoring the size and gradually strengthening, and make the bonding strength reach 500N.

[0065] ②Working layer: KM3# new material is used to improve the heat resistance, wear resistance and load capacity of the material. KM3# new material is mainly a multiphase wear-resistant alloy with pearlite structure, mainly composed of Co, Cr, Ti, Mn, W, Mo, etc. The strengthened metal can resist high stress and has good anti-abrasive wear performance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, fatigue resistance and wear resistance.

[0066] S5, in the process of surfacing, must strictly according to 'FGM-KM-B.U' three new materials, B.U new technology cladding process operation, the process screw thread communication head 602 outer connecting communication exhaust pipeline, airflow in screw fixed seat 603 and threaded mounting cylinder 601 form passageway, and the gas flow of support ring 501 is extracted, and the smoke particles generated in the surfacing process are guided to the inside of threaded mounting cylinder 601 along with the airflow through the air hole 507, and then the smoke particles are adsorbed through the non-woven fabric filter core cotton 604, thereby reducing the influence of smoke on the vision of the operator, after surfacing, slow cooling treatment is carried out to room temperature with asbestos, so as to avoid deformation, crack and other defects caused by rapid temperature change, after surfacing, preheating, slow cooling, heat preservation and hammering are used to disperse and eliminate welding stress of alloy powder.

[0067] S6, after heat preservation and cooling, the worn parts are machined and cut to find the flatness.

[0068] Further, the fixed connection should be understood in a broad sense unless otherwise specified and limited, for example, can be welding, or gluing, or integrally formed with the usual means familiar to those skilled in the art.

[0069] The above is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this, any person skilled in the art in the technical range disclosed by the present application, according to the technical scheme and the inventive concept of the present application, equivalent replacement or change, should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A large equipment main shaft wear repair welding machine, comprising a support ring one (1), a support ring two (4) and a transmission mechanism (5), characterized in that: The outer side of the supporting ring one (1) is fixedly installed with six mounting seats one (102), the outer side of the supporting ring two (4) is fixedly installed with six mounting seats two (402), the opposite sides of the supporting ring one (1) and the supporting ring two (4) are movably installed with two driving mechanisms one (3), both of the driving mechanisms one (3) comprise a synchronous servo motor (301), the output end of the synchronous servo motor (301) is in transmission connection with a moving screw (302), the outer side of the moving screw (302) is in threaded connection with a moving seat (303), the outer sides of the supporting ring one (1) and the supporting ring two (4) are installed with clamping mechanisms (2). The transmission mechanism (5) comprises a supporting ring (501), the outer side of the supporting ring (501) is fixedly installed with four sliding seats (502), the inner sides of the four sliding seats (502) are slidably sleeved with sliding rods (503), the inner side of the supporting ring (501) is sleeved with a supporting bearing (506), the inner side of the supporting bearing (506) is sleeved with a mounting ring (505), the outer side of one end of the mounting ring (505) is fixedly sleeved with a driven gear ring (504), the top of the supporting ring (501) is installed with a driving mechanism two (9), the other end of the mounting ring (505) is fixedly installed with a base box (12), the outer side of the end of the mounting ring (505) away from the driven gear ring (504) is fixedly installed with two electric control telescopic columns one (11), the output ends of the two electric control telescopic columns one (11) are fixedly installed with oxyacetylene flame spray guns (10), the outer side of the end of the mounting ring (505) away from the driven gear ring (504) is fixedly installed with a base box (12), the outer side of the supporting ring (501) is in communication with two air filtering mechanisms (6), the side of the supporting ring (501) away from the driven gear ring (504) is provided with a plurality of air holes (507), the side of the supporting ring (501) away from the driven gear ring (504) is fixedly installed with a synchronous telescopic mechanism (7), the output end of the synchronous telescopic mechanism (7) is installed with an electromagnetic heating ring (8).

2. A large equipment main shaft wear repair welding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the supporting ring one (1) is provided with a plurality of groups of mounting holes one (101), the inner side of the supporting ring two (4) is provided with a plurality of groups of mounting holes two (401), the mounting holes one (101) are circumferentially and evenly distributed in the inner side of the supporting ring one (1), the mounting holes two (401) are circumferentially and evenly distributed in the inner side of the supporting ring two (4), the mounting seats one (102) and the mounting seats two (402) are circumferentially and evenly distributed on the outer sides of the supporting ring one (1) and the supporting ring two (4) respectively, both groups of clamping mechanisms (2) comprise four clamping screws (201), the outer sides of the four clamping screws (201) are in threaded connection with threaded seats (202), and the two groups of threaded seats (202) are fixedly installed on the outer sides of the mounting seats one (102) and the mounting seats two (402) respectively, the opposite ends of the four clamping screws (201) are fixedly installed with clamping heads (203), and the two groups of clamping screws (201) are in threaded connection and extend to the inner sides of the supporting ring two (4) and the supporting ring one (1) respectively.

3. A large equipment main shaft wear repair welding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronous servo motor (301) is fixedly installed outside the mounting seat one (102), the moving screw (302) is movably penetrated through the mounting seat one (102) and movably extends to one side of the mounting seat two (402), the moving seat (303) is fixedly installed outside the support ring (501), four the sliding seats (502) are evenly distributed outside the support ring (501) with the moving seat (303), and the both ends of the slide rod (503) are fixedly installed on the opposite sides of the mounting seat one (102) and the mounting seat two (402) respectively.

4. The large equipment main shaft wear repair welding machine of claim 1, wherein: The active mechanism two (9) includes a driving servo motor (901), the outer side of the output shaft of the driving servo motor (901) is drivingly connected with a driving gear (903), the outer side of the output shaft of the driving servo motor (901) is sleeved with a stabilizing seat (902) through a bearing, the stabilizing seat (902) is fixedly installed on the top of the support ring (501), the top of the driving servo motor (901) and the stabilizing seat (902) are fixed through a support, and the outer side of the driving gear (903) is drivingly connected with the outer side of the driven gear ring (504).

5. A large equipment spindle wear repair welding machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronous telescopic mechanism (7) includes an oil cylinder (702), the both sides of the oil cylinder (702) are communicated with oil delivery pipes (703), the other end of the oil delivery pipe (703) is communicated with telescopic rods one (701), the output end of the telescopic rod one (701) is fixedly installed with the electromagnetic heating ring (8), the inner side of the oil cylinder (702) is movably sleeved with a sealing piston (705), one side of the sealing piston (705) is fixedly installed with an electric telescopic column two (704), the fixed portion of the electric telescopic column two (704) is fixedly installed with a fixed frame (706), one end, away from the electric telescopic column two (704), of the fixed frame (706) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support ring (501), the interiors of the oil cylinder (702), the oil delivery pipe (703) and the telescopic rod one (701) are provided with hydraulic oil, the telescopic rod one (701) is circumferentially and symmetrically distributed outside the support ring (501), and the electromagnetic heating ring (8) and the support ring (501) are concentric circles.

6. A large equipment spindle wear repair welder as defined in claim 1, wherein: The two gas filter mechanisms (6) all include threaded installation barrels (601), the threaded installation barrels (601) are communicated in the interiors of the support rings (501), the support rings (501) are hollow, the interiors of the threaded installation barrels (601) are movably inserted with non-woven fabric filter core cotton (604), the interiors of the threaded installation barrels (601), away from the support rings (501), are screw-connected with threaded fixing bases (603), and the threaded fixing bases (603), away from the threaded installation barrels (601), are communicated with threaded communication heads (602).

7. A large equipment spindle wear repair welding machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The input end of the oxyacetylene flame spray gun (10) is communicated with an oxyacetylene multi-path conveying pipe (1001), the oxyacetylene flame spray gun (10) is obliquely guided to the center of the supporting ring (501), the electric control telescopic column one (11) and the oxyacetylene flame spray gun (10) are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the base box (12), and the oxyacetylene flame spray gun (10) is connected with the output end of the electric control telescopic column one (11) through an adjustable rotary connection.

8. A large equipment spindle wear repair welder as defined in claim 1, wherein: The top of the base box (12) is movably provided with a box cover (1201), the bottom of the base box (12) is fixedly provided with a discharging laying box (1202), the bottom of the discharging laying box (1202) is arc-shaped, the specification size of the arc-shaped bottom is matched with the specification size of the inner side of the mounting ring (505), the bottom of the inner cavity of the base box (12) is fixedly provided with a flow guide cone (1203), the top of the inner cavity of the discharging laying box (1202) is fixedly provided with a fixed aperture baffle (1204), the inner side of the discharging laying box (1202) is fixedly provided with two sliding strips (1207), the top of the two sliding strips (1207) is slidably provided with a movable aperture baffle (1205), the top of the movable aperture baffle (1205) is slidably connected with the bottom of the fixed aperture baffle (1204), the top of the fixed aperture baffle (1204) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the flow guide cone (1203), the inner part of the fixed aperture baffle (1204) and the movable aperture baffle (1205) is provided with a matrix arranged flow guide hole, the hole of the movable aperture baffle (1205) is slightly larger than the hole of the fixed aperture baffle (1204), the bottom of the movable aperture baffle (1205) is fixedly provided with an electric telescopic rod (1206), and the fixed part of the electric telescopic rod (1206) is fixedly arranged in the inner part of the discharging laying box (1202).

9. A large equipment main shaft wear repair machining method, characterized in that: The application of a large equipment main shaft wear repair welding machine according to any one of claims 1-8 comprises the following steps: S1, construction preparation, first check the power supply, water supply, construction site, material and equipment conditions to ensure that the construction requirements are met, the safety construction is ensured and the construction is carried out; S2, program confirmation: confirm the defect position and wear amount, and perform cleaning after flaw detection→roughening after cleaning→preheating→use FGM-KM-B.U alloy to perform layer-by-layer cladding→cylindrical machine tool machining→detection→delivery, confirm the defect position and wear amount, clean the surface oil stain, rust layer, fatigue layer and irregular defects, clean the wound carbonitrided layer and oxide layer by sanding, and finally use color flaw detection to ensure that the substrate defects are completely cleaned, and finally clean: remove the residual impurities on the part; S3, preheat before cladding, then put the device on the outside of the main shaft of the large equipment, and make the installation ring (505) at the main shaft wear, fix the device through the clamping screw (201) and the clamping head (203), preheat the main shaft wear by oxyacetylene flame torch (10) according to the need, and then select the corresponding FGM-KM-B.U alloy powder material for layer-by-layer cladding. When preheating before cladding, due to the large size of the workpiece, preheating is carried out in local partial stages to alleviate the thermal and stress deformation, so as to ensure that the cladding material and the matrix bonding force meet the cladding process standard; S4, during the cladding process, the support ring (501) and the installation ring (505) are moved outside the main shaft, then the prepared FGM-KM-B.U alloy material is put into the base box (12) and layer-by-layer cladding is carried out, and the blanking box (1202) is connected to discharge the material. After uniformly spreading a layer of material, the oxyacetylene flame torch (10) is used for flame heating and layer-by-layer cladding, and the process is carried out by gradient preparation of alloy by immersion melting method according to the combined layer and working layer. After preheating, layer-by-layer cladding is carried out. Two kinds of molten layers will be produced during the cladding process: combined layer and working layer; S5, during the surfacing process, the process operation of "FGM-KM-B.U" three new materials and B.U new technology cladding must be strictly followed. During the process, the threaded communication head (602) is connected with the communication air exhaust pipeline, and the airflow forms a passage to guide the smoke particles generated during the surfacing process to the non-woven fabric filter core cotton (604) to adsorb the smoke particles. After the surfacing is completed, slow cooling treatment is carried out to room temperature. After the surfacing is completed, preheating, slow cooling, heat preservation and hammering are used to disperse and eliminate the welding stress of the alloy powder; S6, after the heat preservation and cooling are completed, the worn parts are machined and cut to find the flatness.

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