CNC machining device and machining method

Abstract

The invention discloses a CNC machining device and method, and the device comprises a base which is installed on a CNC machine tool and is provided with a limiting area used for fixing a workpiece; the limiting module is installed on the base and used for primarily limiting a workpiece placed on the limiting area, and the positioning module is installed on the base and connected with the workpiece and fixes the workpiece so as to keep the position of the workpiece constant in the machining process. The workpiece is firmly fixed through negative pressure adsorption, and uniform distribution of negative pressure is ensured through the structural design of the positioning grooves, so that the stress of the workpiece is balanced. The double limiting and fixing mechanism effectively prevents the workpiece from displacing or shaking due to cutting force, vibration and the like in the machining process, a stable reference is provided for CNC machining, and therefore the machining precision of the workpiece is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of CNC machining, and in particular to a CNC machining device and a machining method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of CNC machining, precise positioning and stable fixation of workpieces are the core prerequisites for ensuring machining accuracy and improving production efficiency. As modern manufacturing continues to increase the precision requirements of parts, traditional workpiece positioning methods have gradually exposed many shortcomings.

[0003] Common CNC machining limit devices often use a single fixing method, such as mechanical clamping or relying solely on negative pressure. While mechanical clamping provides strong restraint, it also presents a problem: the contact area between the conventional clamp and the workpiece is easily deformed due to excessive pressure. This can be particularly problematic for thin-walled, fragile workpieces, potentially rendering them scrapped. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a CNC machining device and a machining method.

[0005] The present invention provides a CNC machining device, comprising:

[0006] The base is installed on the CNC machine tool and has a limiting area for fixing the workpiece;

[0007] The limit module is installed on the base and is used to perform preliminary limit on the workpiece placed on the limit area.

[0008] Positioning module, installed on the base, the positioning module is connected to the workpiece and fixes the workpiece to keep the position of the workpiece constant during the processing;

[0009] Preferably, the limiting module includes a first limiting rod installed on the limiting area, and the workpiece has a limiting hole that can be adapted to pass through the first limiting rod.

[0010] Preferably, the limiting module further comprises a second limiting rod installed on the limiting area, and the workpiece is provided with a limiting groove which can be adapted to be snapped into the first limiting rod, and the limiting groove is located at the edge of the workpiece.

[0011] Preferably, the positioning module includes a positioning groove, which is arranged on the limiting area. The shape of the positioning groove is adapted to the contour of the workpiece. The straight-line distance between any position on the positioning groove and the edge of the workpiece is greater than zero. The base has a negative pressure component that is connected to the positioning groove and can draw vacuum into the positioning groove.

[0012] Preferably, the negative pressure assembly includes a vacuum pump mounted on the base, and an air extraction end of the vacuum pump is connected to the positioning groove.

[0013] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the positioning groove is a semicircular groove, and a negative pressure channel connected to a vacuum pump is provided in the base, and one end of the negative pressure channel can be connected to any position at the bottom of the positioning groove.

[0014] The processing method of the CNC processing device includes the following steps:

[0015] S1. Place the workpiece in the limited area on the base;

[0016] S2. Use the limit module to preliminarily limit the entry and exit of the workpiece;

[0017] S3, continuously fix the workpiece through the positioning module;

[0018] S4. CNC machining is performed on the fixed workpiece by using a CNC machine tool.

[0019] The CNC machining device and machining method proposed by the present invention have the following advantages:

[0020] The first limiting rod of the limiting module engages with the limiting hole, while the second limiting rod engages with the limiting slot. This allows for initial positioning of the workpiece from different directions, limiting its horizontal translation and offset. The positioning slot of the positioning module, in conjunction with the negative pressure assembly, securely holds the workpiece in place through negative pressure. The structural design of the positioning slot ensures even distribution of negative pressure, balancing the workpiece's forces. This dual limiting mechanism effectively prevents workpiece displacement or shaking due to cutting forces and vibrations during machining, providing a stable baseline for CNC machining and improving workpiece accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a CNC machining device proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a top view of the base of a CNC machining device proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] refer to Figure 1-2 The present invention provides a CNC machining device comprising a base 1, which is mounted on a CNC machine tool and provides a mounting platform and support for the other modules. Base 1 is capable of withstanding the cutting forces and vibrations generated during CNC machining, ensuring that it does not deform or shift during machining, thereby providing a solid foundation for limiting and securing the workpiece. Base 1 has a limiting area 2 for securing the workpiece.

[0024] The main function of the limiting module is to perform preliminary limiting on the workpiece placed on the limiting area 2 to prepare for subsequent positioning and fixation. It includes a first limiting rod 3 and a second limiting rod 5.

[0025] The first limiting rod 3 is mounted on the limiting area 2. It is cylindrical and has a smooth surface to reduce friction with the workpiece. The workpiece is provided with a limiting hole 4 that fits through the first limiting rod 3. The diameter of the limiting hole 4 matches the diameter of the first limiting rod 3. When the workpiece is placed in the limiting area 2, the first limiting rod 3 can pass through the limiting hole 4, thereby limiting the horizontal movement of the workpiece and achieving a preliminary fixed position.

[0026] Second limiting rod 5 is also mounted on limiting area 2, its structural design matching the limiting groove 6 at the edge of the workpiece. The limiting groove 6 ensures that the second limiting rod 5 can be locked into it. This design further enhances the workpiece's limiting effect. It cooperates with first limiting rod 3 to constrain the workpiece from different directions, effectively preventing it from shifting or shaking during machining, and improving the reliability and stability of the limiting mechanism.

[0027] The function of the positioning module is to further fix the workpiece on the basis of the initial limiting of the limiting module to keep the position of the workpiece constant during the processing.

[0028] The positioning groove 7 is provided on the limiting area 2, and its shape is adapted to the contour of the workpiece, ensuring that the workpiece can be accurately placed above the positioning groove 7. The straight-line distance between any position on the positioning groove 7 and the edge of the workpiece is greater than zero, thereby ensuring that when negative pressure is drawn inside the positioning groove 7, the bottom surface of the workpiece can be stably adsorbed, ensuring that an effective sealing space is formed between the workpiece and the positioning groove 7, and improving the negative pressure adsorption effect.

[0029] The base 1 is equipped with a negative pressure assembly that connects to the positioning groove 7 and can draw a vacuum inside the positioning groove 7. The negative pressure assembly includes a vacuum pump mounted on the base 1, and the vacuum end of the vacuum pump is connected to the positioning groove 7 via a pipe. The vacuum pump can quickly create a stable negative pressure environment in the positioning groove 7, thereby firmly adsorbing the workpiece into the positioning groove 7.

[0030] The cross-sectional shape of positioning groove 7 is a semicircular groove, which facilitates suction to the bottom surface of the workpiece and improves suction stability. A negative pressure channel connected to a vacuum pump is provided within base 1, one end of which can be connected to any position on the bottom of positioning groove 7. By properly arranging the connection position of the negative pressure channel, the negative pressure in each area of ​​positioning groove 7 can be evenly distributed, ensuring uniform suction force on all parts of the workpiece and further ensuring the workpiece's positional stability.

[0031] Processing method of CNC processing device:

[0032] S1. Place the workpiece in the restricted area 2 on the base 1. Before placing the workpiece, the restricted area 2 on the base 1 needs to be cleaned to remove dust, debris, and other impurities on the surface to ensure that the workpiece can be placed stably. The operator then places the workpiece in the restricted area 2 to prepare for subsequent limiting and positioning operations.

[0033] S2. Initially limit the workpiece using the limit module. If the workpiece is provided with a limit hole 4 compatible with the first limit rod 3, insert the first limit rod 3 through the limit hole 4, and fit the second limit rod 5 into the limit slot 6. Ensure that the first limit rod 3 is accurately connected to the limit hole 4 and that the second limit rod 5 fits snugly within the limit slot 6, while avoiding damage to the workpiece due to excessive force. The cooperation between the second limit rod 5 and the limit slot 6 constrains the workpiece from its edge, complementing the limiting function of the first limit rod 3 and further improving the effectiveness of the initial limit.

[0034] S3. The workpiece is continuously fixed by the positioning module. After the initial limiting is completed, check whether the workpiece is accurately placed in the positioning groove 7 to ensure that the outline of the workpiece matches the shape of the positioning groove 7 and that the workpiece is placed stably in the positioning groove 7. Start the vacuum pump in the negative pressure component, and the vacuum pump starts working to extract vacuum in the positioning groove 7 through the negative pressure channel. In the process of extracting the vacuum, pay close attention to the changes in the vacuum degree, and generally control the vacuum degree between -0.08MPa and -0.1MPa. When the set vacuum degree is reached, the vacuum pump remains in a continuous working state, so that a stable negative pressure environment is always maintained in the positioning groove 7, and the workpiece is firmly adsorbed in the positioning groove 7 by atmospheric pressure, so as to achieve continuous fixation of the workpiece. In this process, it is necessary to ensure that the sealing of the negative pressure system is good, and regularly check the sealing of the vacuum pump, negative pressure channel, positioning groove 7 and other components to prevent air leakage and affect the fixing effect.

[0035] S4. Perform CNC machining on the fixed workpiece through the CNC machine. Before CNC machining, set and debug the various parameters of the CNC machine, including cutting speed, feed rate, cutting depth, etc., and select appropriate parameters according to factors such as the material of the workpiece and the machining requirements. Start the CNC machine and machine the fixed workpiece according to the preset machining program. During the machining process, closely observe the machining conditions of the workpiece and the working status of the limit device. If any abnormality is found, such as the workpiece is loose or vibrates too much, the machining should be stopped immediately, the problem should be checked and handled, and then the machining can be continued. After the machining is completed, turn off the CNC machine first, and then turn off the vacuum pump to restore the air pressure in the positioning groove 7 to normal atmospheric pressure. After the air pressure stabilizes, take the workpiece out of the positioning groove 7 to complete the entire machining process.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A CNC processing device, characterized in that: include: A base (1) is mounted on a CNC machine tool, and the base (1) has a limiting area (2) for fixing a workpiece; A limit module, mounted on the base (1), for performing preliminary position limiting on a workpiece placed on the limit area (2); A positioning module is mounted on the base (1), and the positioning module is connected to the workpiece and fixes the workpiece to keep the position of the workpiece constant during the processing.

2. A CNC machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting module comprises a first limiting rod (3) mounted on the limiting area (2), and the workpiece is provided with a limiting hole (4) which can be adapted to pass through the first limiting rod (3).

3. A CNC machining device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting module further comprises a second limiting rod (5) mounted on the limiting area (2); the workpiece is provided with a limiting groove (6) which can be adapted to be snapped into the first limiting rod (3); the limiting groove (6) is located at the edge of the workpiece.

4. The CNC machining device according to claim 1, wherein: The positioning module comprises a positioning groove (7), the positioning groove (7) being arranged on the limiting area (2), the shape of the positioning groove (7) being adapted to the contour of the workpiece, the straight-line distance between any position on the positioning groove (7) and the edge of the workpiece being greater than zero, and the base (1) being provided with a negative pressure component connected to the positioning groove (7) and capable of extracting a vacuum in the positioning groove (7).

5. A CNC machining device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The negative pressure component comprises a vacuum pump mounted on a base (1), and an air extraction end of the vacuum pump is connected to the positioning groove (7).

6. The CNC machining device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the positioning groove (7) is a semicircular groove. A negative pressure channel connected to a vacuum pump is provided in the base (1). One end of the negative pressure channel can be connected to any position at the bottom of the positioning groove (7).

7. The processing method of the CNC processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, placing the workpiece in the limiting area (2) on the base (1); S2. Use the limit module to preliminarily limit the entry and exit of the workpiece; S3, continuously fix the workpiece through the positioning module; S4. CNC machining is performed on the fixed workpiece by using a CNC machine tool.

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