Coal mining transportation system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal transportation, and discloses a coal mining transportation system which comprises a belt conveying device and a material distributing device, the belt conveying device comprises a plurality of belt rollers and a belt tensioned and driven by the belt rollers, the plurality of belt rollers comprise a first belt roller positioned at the tail end, a second belt roller positioned at the head end, and a blanking roller and a steering roller which are positioned between the first belt roller and the second belt roller, and the blanking roller is positioned above the steering roller; the belt is tensioned into a first section from the first belt roller to the blanking roller, a middle section from the blanking roller to the steering roller and a second section from the steering roller to the second belt roller; the material distributing device comprises a fixing frame arranged at the position of the middle section and a material distributing frame arranged on the fixing frame, the material distributing frame is arranged to be capable of receiving and intercepting the coal briquettes falling from the tail end of the first section so as to prevent the coal briquettes larger than the preset size from falling to the second section, and it is guaranteed that all the coal briquettes finally entering the discharging hole can meet the size requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal transportation, in particular to a coal mining and transportation system. Background Art

[0002] As one of the world's most important energy sources, coal mining and transportation have always been a vital component of the industrial sector. Coal mining, from mining to transportation and processing, presents numerous challenges. In particular, efficient and safe transportation of coal from the mining face to the surface and ultimately to its destination is a key to improving coal mine production efficiency.

[0003] Traditional coal transportation relies primarily on belt conveyor systems. These systems transport coal from deep within the mine to the surface via long conveyor belts. Coal mines often operate simultaneously in multiple levels. Coal mined from the higher working face (the surface closest to the mine entrance, typically mined first, followed by the lower working faces) is transported by belt conveyors to the feed hole. From there, the coal is transferred to a large belt conveyor, then transported to an underground bunker for temporary storage before being transported to the surface.

[0004] However, during the mining process, large pieces of coal or gangue often appear, which can easily block the feed hole, preventing the subsequent coal conveyed by the belt conveyor from passing through the feed hole and being transferred to the large belt conveyor. To address this problem, operators need to first stop the machine and then crush the large pieces of coal or gangue. However, this requires stopping the machine every time, which not only affects coal transportation efficiency but also makes it difficult to start the belt conveyor under heavy load, which can easily cause vehicle jams and increase the risk of belt breakage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the technical problem in the prior art that the feed hole is easily blocked by large pieces of coal or gangue, resulting in interruption of coal flow.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a coal mining and transportation system comprising: A belt transmission device, comprising a plurality of belt rollers and a belt tensioned and driven by the belt rollers, wherein the plurality of belt rollers include a first belt roller located at the tail end of the machine, a second belt roller located at the head end of the machine, and a blanking roller and a turning roller located between the first and second belt rollers, wherein the blanking roller is located above the turning roller to tension the belt into a first section from the first belt roller to the blanking roller, an intermediate section from the blanking roller to the turning roller, and a second section from the turning roller to the second belt roller; The material dividing device includes a fixed frame arranged at the middle section and a material dividing frame arranged on the fixed frame. The material dividing frame is configured to receive and intercept coal blocks falling from the end of the first section to prevent coal blocks larger than a predetermined size from falling into the second section.

[0007] Preferably, the blanking roller and the steering roller are rotatably mounted on the fixed frame respectively, the blanking roller is set to be no lower than the first belt roller, and the steering roller is set to be offset relative to the blanking roller toward the tail end of the machine, so that the coal blocks falling from the end of the first section do not pass through the middle section and fall to the second section; The belts are respectively wound around the side of the blanking roller facing the head end and the side of the steering roller facing the tail end. A scraping device is installed on the fixed frame, which covers the steering roller and abuts against the middle section and the second section on both sides.

[0008] Preferably, the material distribution frame includes an arc-shaped bottom plate formed with a material drop groove, and the material drop groove is provided with a screening barrier rod for preventing coal blocks larger than a predetermined size from passing through the material drop groove, and the extension direction of the arc-shaped bottom plate is inclined relative to the horizontal plane so as to guide coal blocks larger than the predetermined size to slide to a predetermined position outside the belt.

[0009] Preferably, a lifting assembly for lifting the distribution frame is provided on the fixed frame, and the coal mining and transportation system also includes a monitoring unit, which is used to detect the volume of coal blocks transported by the belt in the first section, and control the lifting of the distribution frame through the lifting assembly, so that the distribution frame can be lifted and lowered between a cut-off position for receiving coal blocks transported by the first section and a non-working position for allowing the coal transported by the first section to be directly transported to the second section.

[0010] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a first telescopic rod respectively provided on the fixing frame and connected to both ends of the material distribution frame, and the first telescopic rod is configured to be telescopic in the vertical direction; The first telescopic rods on both sides are configured to have different extension heights so that the material distribution frame is tilted.

[0011] Preferably, the mining and transportation system also includes a discharge assembly, which includes a second telescopic rod provided on a fixed frame and located above the distribution frame. The second telescopic rod is configured to be telescopic in a length direction parallel to the distribution frame. The driving end of the second telescopic rod is connected to a connecting plate, which is configured to extend downward in a vertical direction. The end of the connecting plate is connected to a push plate, which is used to take away the coal blocks in the distribution frame when the driving rod of the second telescopic rod is retracted.

[0012] Preferably, the fixing frame includes an outer shell covering the middle section, a discharge hole is provided on the outer shell, one end of the distribution frame abuts the discharge hole, and the other end is constructed to be higher than the discharge hole to discharge the intercepted coal blocks out of the outer shell through the discharge hole.

[0013] Preferably, the coal mining and transportation system further comprises a crushing device, which is configured to receive the coal blocks intercepted in the distribution frame and crush the coal blocks.

[0014] Preferably, the crushing device includes a box body, which is provided with symmetrically arranged squeezing rollers, and a synchronous motor is provided outside the box body and is connected to the squeezing rollers one by one. The symmetrically arranged squeezing rollers rotate in opposite directions, and the outer peripheral surface of each squeezing roller is provided with multiple groups of squeezing protrusions at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.

[0015] Preferably, the crushing device is externally connected to a conveying device, which is used to transmit the coal blocks crushed by the crushing device to the second section of the belt. The conveying device includes a conveying pipe for receiving the coal blocks output by the crushing device. An auger is provided in the conveying pipe, and a drive motor is connected to the end of the auger to drive the auger to rotate and transport the coal blocks in the conveying pipe.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the present invention sets the end of the first section higher than the starting end of the second section in the belt transmission device, so that the coal blocks fall into the dividing frame set at the middle section after being conveyed to the blanking roller, and the coal blocks larger than the predetermined size are intercepted by the dividing frame, while the coal blocks smaller than the predetermined size fall onto the second section of the belt, so as to ensure that the coal blocks that finally enter the blanking eye can meet the size requirements, thereby completely eliminating the frequent shutdowns and maintenance caused by large coal blocks blocking the blanking eye, and improving the transportation efficiency of coal blocks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a front view structural diagram of the coal transportation system of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Rear view structure diagram; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material distribution device of the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A side structural diagram of Figure 5 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing of the present invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A side structural diagram of Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material distribution frame of the present invention; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A schematic front view of the material distribution frame structure is shown; Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the crushing device of the present invention; Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the scraping device of the present invention; Figure 11 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of the local area A; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the monitoring unit of the present invention.

[0018] Description of Reference Numerals 1. Belt transmission device; 101. Belt; 102. First belt roller; 103. Second belt roller; 104. Blanking roller; 105. Turning roller; 2. Material distribution device; 201. Fixed frame; 2011. Housing; 202. Material distribution frame; 2021. Curved bottom plate; 2022. Blanking channel; 203. Screening bar; 204. Discharge hole; 205. Slide; 206. First guide plate; 207. First connecting plate; 208. Connecting rod; 209. Second guide plate; 3. Scraping device; 301. Scraper; 3011. Base plate; 3 012, scraper plate; 302, buffer spring; 303, guide rod; 304, extension rod; 4, lifting assembly; 401, first telescopic rod; 5, monitoring unit; 501, first camera; 502, second camera; 503, frame; 6, discharge assembly; 601, second telescopic rod; 602, second connecting plate; 603, push plate; 7, crushing device; 701, extrusion roller; 702, synchronous motor; 703, box; 704, extrusion protrusion; 8, conveying device; 801, conveying pipe; 802, branch pipe; 803, drive motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] Generally, during the transportation of coal blocks underground, the mined coal will be transported to the discharge hole through a belt conveyor, and then transferred to a large belt conveyor through the discharge hole, and then transported to the underground coal bunker for short-term storage before being transported to the ground.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the coal mining and transportation system of the present invention includes a belt conveyor 1 and a material distributor 2. The belt conveyor 1 can directly carry freshly mined coal blocks from the mining area, or it can connect to the upstream conveyor to transfer coal blocks from the mining area and smoothly transport them to the discharge hole, or it can first transport the coal blocks to the downstream conveyor, and then transfer them to the discharge hole by the downstream conveyor.

[0022] Combine Figure 3As shown, the belt transmission device 1 includes a plurality of belt rollers and a belt 101 tensioned and driven by the belt rollers, the plurality of belt rollers include a first belt roller 102 located at the tail end of the machine, a second belt roller 103 located at the head end of the machine, and a blanking roller 104 and a turning roller 105 located between the first belt roller 102 and the second belt roller 103. The blanking roller 104 is located above the turning roller 105 to tension the belt 101 into a first section from the first belt roller 102 to the blanking roller 104, an intermediate section from the blanking roller 104 to the dedicated line roller, and a second section from the turning roller 105 to the second belt roller 103, wherein the coal blocks are transferred to the end of the second section of the belt 101 via the first end of the belt 101.

[0023] It is worth noting that the end of the first section (at the drop roller 104) is higher than the starting end of the second section (at the second belt roller), so that the coal blocks transported by the first section of the belt 101 fall from the end of the first section to the second section.

[0024] Combine Figure 4 As shown, the material dividing device 2 includes a fixed frame 201 arranged at the middle section and a material dividing frame 202 arranged on the fixed frame 201. The material dividing frame 202 is configured to receive and intercept coal blocks falling from the end of the first section to prevent coal blocks larger than a predetermined size from falling into the second section.

[0025] Therefore, the present invention sets the end of the first section higher than the starting end of the second section in the belt transmission device 1, so that the coal blocks fall into the dividing frame 202 set at the middle section after being conveyed to the blanking roller 104, and the coal blocks larger than the predetermined size are intercepted by the dividing frame 202, while the coal blocks smaller than the predetermined size fall onto the second section of the belt 101, so as to ensure that the coal blocks that finally enter the discharge eye can meet the size requirements, thereby completely eliminating the frequent shutdowns and maintenance caused by large coal blocks blocking the discharge eye, and improving the transportation efficiency of coal blocks.

[0026] In the present invention, coal block refers to coal and coal gangue, wherein the predetermined size of the coal block may be about 300 mm.

[0027] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 and Figure 5The blanking roller 104 and the steering roller 105 are rotatably mounted on the fixed frame 201 to reduce the friction resistance encountered by the belt 101 during movement. The blanking roller 104 can be set not lower than the first belt roller 102 so that the coal blocks carried by the first section can be thrown obliquely upward or horizontally to the end of the first section. It is understandable that after being thrown obliquely upward or horizontally, the coal blocks of the present invention can have a larger flight arc and landing point diffusion range due to the different air resistance and irregular shape of the coal blocks, so that the coal blocks fall in a scattered manner, thereby helping the coal blocks to be scattered more evenly to the separation frame 202 and improving the screening efficiency.

[0028] Furthermore, the steering roller 105 of the present invention can be offset relative to the blanking roller 104 toward the rear end of the machine, so that coal lumps falling from the end of the first section can be transported to the second section without passing through the middle section. Thus, the belt 101 of the present invention can be wrapped around the side of the blanking roller 104 facing the front end and the side of the steering roller 105 facing the rear end. Simultaneously, a scraping device 3 can be mounted on the fixed frame 201, covering the steering roller 105 and abutting the middle and second sections on both sides. This scraping device 3 is used to scrape off coal lumps adhering to the conveying surface of the belt 101, ensuring that the belt 101 does not deviate due to excessive coal lumps adhering to the conveying surface.

[0029] The scraping device 3 in the present invention can have any appropriate structure, refer to Figure 10 In the illustrated embodiment, the scraping device 3 includes a scraper 301 positioned above the deflecting roller 105 and tilted relative to the horizontal plane to prevent the deflecting roller 105 from being struck by coal lumps. The scraper 301's two widthwise sides abut the carrying surfaces of the middle and second sections, respectively. Its two longitudinal sides are connected to the fixed frame 201 via connecting members.

[0030] Furthermore, the connecting component includes a first extension rod 304 extending along the length direction of the scraper 301 and a second extension rod 304 extending in the opposite direction. The first extension rod 304 and the second extension rod 304 are respectively provided at two ends of the length direction of the scraper 301.

[0031] Among them, each extension rod 304 is provided with a guide rod 303 that passes through the corresponding extension rod 304 in the vertical direction, and the guide rod 303 is divided into two parts, upper and lower, by the extension rod 304. The lower end of the guide rod 303 is fixedly connected to the fixing frame 201, thereby fixing the scraper 301 to the fixing frame 201.

[0032] In the present invention, reference is made to Figure 5 When the scraper 301 contacts the bearing surface of the middle section and the second section of the belt transmission device 1, it is often impacted by coal blocks or rubbed with the belt 101 to generate vibration. Figure 10 As shown, the present invention can arrange the guide rod 303 to be able to slide relative to the extension rod 304, and a buffer mechanism is provided on the guide rod 303 to achieve flexible support and dynamic compression of the scraper 301, thereby effectively absorbing impact loads and reducing vibration.

[0033] Specifically, the buffer mechanism includes a compressed buffer spring 302 disposed on the upper portion of the guide rod 303. The two ends of the buffer spring 302 are respectively connected to the top of the guide rod 303 and the extension rod 304, forming a follow-up buffer and compression system. The continuous rebound force of the spring exerts a continuous downward compression force, thereby driving the two ends of the scraper 301 to always be in close contact with the bearing surface of the belt 101.

[0034] Furthermore, when the scraper 301 is displaced by impact from coal or vibration from the belt 101, the spring system effectively cushions and absorbs the energy, preventing structural impact and localized wear caused by direct, hard contact. This design not only significantly extends the service life of the scraper 301 and the conveyor belt, but also prevents operational problems such as belt 101 deviation and slippage caused by excessive pressure from the scraper 301.

[0035] In some embodiments, the scraper 301 may include a base plate 3011 and scraper plates 3012 detachably connected to both sides of the base plate 3011 in the width direction, wherein the edges of the side surfaces of the scraper plates 3012 respectively abut against the carrying surfaces of the middle section and the second section.

[0036] The base plate 3011 may be made of metal, and the scraper plate 3012 may be made of synthetic elastic material, such as tendon material.

[0037] In some embodiments, reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 The material distribution frame 202 includes an arc-shaped bottom plate 2021 with a material drop groove 2022. The material drop groove 2022 is provided with a screening barrier 203 for preventing coal blocks larger than a predetermined size from passing through the material drop groove 2022. The extension direction of the arc-shaped bottom is inclined relative to the horizontal plane, so that the coal blocks larger than the predetermined size can be guided to slide to a predetermined position outside the belt 101, thereby uniformly processing these coal blocks larger than the predetermined size.

[0038] At the same time, to prevent deformation or damage to screening bars 203 caused by coal block impact, the present invention rationally controls the spacing between adjacent bars in its design. Specifically, the spacing between adjacent screening bars 203 is preferably set between 100mm and 150mm. By reducing the spacing between bars, more bars can be placed on the blanking channel 2022, effectively dispersing the impact force on a single bar, thereby significantly reducing the risk of structural deformation or fracture caused by excessive local force.

[0039] Although a smaller distance between the baffles may cause some coal blocks that originally meet the predetermined size requirements to be intercepted by mistake, this effect is within a controllable range. In comparison, the optimized spacing range mentioned above can greatly improve the impact resistance and service life of the baffles, reduce the frequency of shutdowns and maintenance due to damage, and improve the stability of the system operation and production continuity as a whole. Therefore, the losses caused by the above-mentioned misinterception are acceptable in terms of the comprehensive benefits of the entire coal mining and transportation system. It is worth noting that the diameters of the mined coal blocks and gangue are generally smaller than the minimum value of the distance range between two adjacent screening baffles 203 in the present invention.

[0040] Furthermore, in some embodiments, reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 A first guide plate 206 can be set on the side of the top opening of the arc-shaped bottom plate 2021 of the distribution frame 202 close to the opening of the blanking roller 104. The first guide plate 206 is set to extend upward from the side of the arc-shaped bottom plate 2021, so that the upward surface of the first guide plate 206 can form a sliding surface to guide the coal blocks into the powder frame, thereby preventing some coal blocks from falling from the gap between the distribution frame 202 and the blanking roller 104 to the second section.

[0041] Meanwhile, a first connecting plate 207 is provided on the other side of the curved bottom plate 2021. A connecting rod 208 is fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the first connecting plate 207. The two ends of the connecting rod 208 are connected to the ends of the driving end of the first telescopic rod 401. In the present invention, the connecting rod 208 and the first connecting plate 207207 can be integrally formed to improve the stability of the connection between the two.

[0042] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A lifting component 4 for lifting and lowering the distribution frame 202 may be provided on the fixed frame 201, and the coal mining and transportation system may also include a monitoring unit 5, which is used to monitor the volume of coal blocks transported by the first section of the belt 101, and control the lifting and lowering of the distribution frame 202 through the lifting component 4, so that the distribution frame 202 can be lifted and lowered between the cut-off position for receiving the coal blocks transported by the first section and the non-working position for allowing the coal blocks transported by the first section to fall directly to the second section, thereby avoiding the distribution frame 202 from remaining in the cut-off position for a long time, causing its internal part to be continuously impacted and damaged.

[0043] That is to say, the present invention senses the volume of coal blocks transported in the first section in real time through the monitoring unit 5, and links the lifting component 4 to control the distribution frame 202 to switch between the interception position and the non-working position, which can effectively prevent excessive accumulation of coal blocks in the distribution frame 202, thereby ensuring smooth transportation of coal blocks and improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the overall system.

[0044] In the present invention, all components of the distribution frame 202 are subject to impact from coal lumps, whether during the process of the distribution frame 202 descending from the non-operating position to the interception position or during the process of receiving coal lumps conveyed by the belt 101. To enhance the impact resistance and service life of the overall structure, key components of the distribution frame 202, such as the curved bottom plate 2021, the screening baffle 203, and the first guide plate 206, are preferably made of a material with a relatively high hardness. The screening baffle 203 and the first guide plate 206 must also possess good wear resistance under conditions of long-term contact and friction with coal lumps, in order to reduce performance degradation or deformation caused by wear and ensure screening efficiency and system reliability.

[0045] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 The monitoring unit 5 of the present invention may include a frame 503 extending across the first section of the belt 101, a first camera 501 located at the top of the frame 503 and configured to capture real-time images of the coal being transported by the first section, and a controller electrically connected to the first camera 501. The first camera 501 captures and transmits information to the controller, which then uses an image recognition algorithm to read the information within the image to determine whether any coal larger than a predetermined size appears within the first section. When an abnormally sized coal piece is identified, the controller may issue a control command to drive the lifting assembly 4 to lower the material distribution frame 202 to a cutoff position to intercept the oversized coal piece and prevent it from directly entering the second section of the belt 101 and causing a blockage or system failure.

[0046] In the present invention, the controller's judgment time cannot exceed the time it takes for the coal block to reach the blanking roller 104 at the detection point captured by the first camera 501. For example, if the distance between the detection point and the blanking roller 22 is 20 meters and the running speed of the belt 101 is 4 meters per second, then the waiting time for the signal to be sent cannot exceed 5 seconds, preferably 4 seconds, to leave time for the material distribution frame 202 to descend.

[0047] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 The monitoring unit 5 may include a second camera 502 for capturing real-time images of the interior of the curved bottom plate 2021. The second camera 502 is mounted on the fixed frame 201 and electrically connected to the controller. Based on the images transmitted by the second camera 502, the controller determines whether the current distribution frame 202 has effectively intercepted coal lumps larger than a predetermined size from the first section, and further assesses whether the coal lumps within the distribution frame 202 are nearing saturation or have completed the screening task. Upon detecting that the distribution frame 202 has completed the interception process, or that the coal lumps have accumulated to a set threshold, the controller may control the lifting assembly 4 to lift the distribution frame 202 to a non-operating position to prevent the distribution frame 202 from becoming clogged due to being in the interception state for a long time.

[0048] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 and Figure 4The lifting assembly 4 may include a first telescopic rod 401 respectively provided on the fixing frame 201 and connected to both ends of the material distribution frame 202, and the first telescopic rod 401 is configured to be telescopic in the vertical direction.

[0049] The first telescopic rods 401 at both ends are configured to have different extension heights so that the distribution frame 202 is tilted to allow the coal blocks intercepted in the distribution frame 202 to slide to a predetermined position outside the belt 101 .

[0050] In the present invention, there are two implementations for realizing that the first telescopic rods 401 at both ends have different extension heights: The first method is to set the installation position of the first telescopic rod 401 at one end of the material distribution frame 202 higher than the other end, that is, the initial heights of the lower ends of the telescopic rods at both ends are different. When the driving ends of the telescopic rods on both sides are synchronously extended to the same length, the material distribution frame 202 is naturally tilted. The second method is: the lower ends of the telescopic rods at both ends are installed at the same horizontal height, and the controller is used to adjust the extension amounts of the first telescopic rods 401 on both sides to be different to achieve an inclined arrangement.

[0051] The present invention preferably adopts the first method. In comparison, the first method does not require the controller to differentially adjust the extension of the telescopic rods on both sides, and the control logic is simpler, which is beneficial to system stability and cost control. It is particularly suitable for coal mine transportation systems with complex on-site operating conditions and high reliability requirements.

[0052] The coal mining and transportation system of the present invention may further include a discharge assembly 6 for discharging coal blocks in the distribution frame 202 .

[0053] refer to Figure 4 Combined with Figure 7 and Figure 8 The discharge assembly 6 includes a second telescopic rod 601 provided on the fixed frame 201 and located above the material distribution frame 202. The second telescopic rod 601 is configured to be telescopic along a length direction parallel to the material distribution frame 202. The driving end of the second telescopic rod 601 is connected to a second connecting plate 602, and the second connecting plate 602 is configured to extend downward in a vertical direction. The end of the second connecting plate 602 is connected to a push plate 603, which is used to take away the coal blocks in the material distribution frame 202 when the driving rod of the second telescopic rod 601 is retracted.

[0054] During the discharging process, when the driving end of the second telescopic rod 601 retracts backward, the push plate 603 moves along the length direction of the dividing frame 202, directly contacts and pushes the coal blocks that have not naturally slid down in the dividing frame 202, so that they are actively moved out of the dividing frame 202. Then, the second telescopic rod 601 moves forward to reset, so as to facilitate the next unloading operation, thereby guiding these accumulated coal blocks to the predetermined cleaning area outside the belt 101, thereby achieving effective unloading and emptying.

[0055] The controller can control the operation of the discharge assembly 6 based on the second camera 502 capturing and judging whether there are retained coal blocks in the distribution frame 202 or whether there is a serious blockage in the frame.

[0056] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 Combined with Figure 5 and Figure 6 The fixed frame 201 includes a shell 2011 covering the middle section, and a discharge hole 204 is opened on the shell 2011. One end of the distribution frame 202 abuts the discharge hole 204, and the other end is constructed to be higher than the discharge hole 204, so as to discharge the intercepted coal blocks from the shell 2011 through the discharge hole 204, thereby discharging the belt 101 to move to a predetermined position.

[0057] In some embodiments, the shell 2011 includes a top plate, a bottom plate, and side plates respectively connected to the top plate and the bottom plate. The blanking roller 104 and the steering roller 105 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower parts of the side plates, and the discharge hole 204 can be arranged on one side of the side plate.

[0058] In the present invention, in order to prevent the dividing frame 202 from scratching the side panels of the shell 2011 during movement, the width of the shell 2011 can be appropriately set to be larger than the width of the dividing frame 202, so that both ends of the dividing frame 202 can avoid being close to the side panels.

[0059] It's worth noting that the gap between the distribution frame 202 and the side plate where the discharge hole 204 is located is primarily intended to prevent friction between the distribution frame 202 and the side plate during its ascent, so this gap is kept relatively small. Conversely, the gap between the distribution frame 202 and the other side plate needs to be large enough to accommodate any coal that may be carried by the push plate 603 during the return of the second telescopic rod 601. Therefore, this gap is relatively large to ensure smooth passage of coal and avoid blockage.

[0060] In addition, second guide plates 209 are provided on the side panels on both sides of the housing 2011. Each guide plate extends downwardly and slants toward the belt 101. Specifically, the second guide plates 209, located on the same side panel as the discharge hole 204, are positioned below the discharge hole 204. Their primary function is to prevent small amounts of coal debris from passing through the gap between the discharge hole 204 and the distribution frame 202 when the second telescopic rod 601 is retracted. These coal fragments are then guided to the second section of the belt 101 via the second guide plates 209.

[0061] The second guide plate 209 on the other side is located below the highest end of the material distribution frame 202 at the cut-off position, and is used to ensure that the coal blocks carried by the second guide push plate 603 during the resetting process finally pass smoothly through the second guide plate 209 and fall into the second section of the belt 101, ensuring smooth transportation of the coal blocks.

[0062] Among them, reference Figure 2 and Figure 11 The side panels on both sides of the shell 2011 are provided with through grooves for accommodating the above-mentioned guide rods 303, and the guide rods 303 are fixed in the through grooves so that the two ends of the scraper 301 are fixed to the shell 2011 through the guide rods 303.

[0063] Further, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The first telescopic rod 401 connected to the two ends of the material distribution frame 202 can be respectively arranged on the outer sides of the two side panels of the shell 2011, and each side panel is provided with a slide 205 for the connecting rod 208 connected to the driving end of the first telescopic rod 401. The slide 205 is set to extend in the vertical direction so that it can move up and down along the slide 205 during the extension and retraction of the first telescopic rod 401, thereby ensuring that the material distribution frame 202 can be accurately raised and lowered with the movement of the telescopic rod.

[0064] Furthermore, in order to monitor the interior of the dividing frame 202 , the second camera 502 may be installed on the top plate of the housing 2011 , and the dividing frame 202 may be captured in real time through a capture window provided on the top plate.

[0065] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 Combined with Figure 9 The coal mining and transportation system further includes a crushing device 7, which is configured to receive the coal blocks trapped in the distribution frame 202 and crush the coal blocks.

[0066] The crushing device 7 in the present invention can have any appropriate structure, refer to Figure 9In an embodiment, the crushing device 7 includes a box body 703, wherein extrusion rollers 701 arranged in pairs are provided inside the box body 703, and a synchronous motor 702 connected to the extrusion rollers 701 in a one-to-one correspondence is provided outside the box body 703. The extrusion rollers 701 arranged in pairs rotate in opposite directions, and the outer peripheral surface of each extrusion roller 701 is provided with multiple groups of extrusion protrusions 704 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.

[0067] In which, a feed port is provided on one side of the box body 703 and is located above the extrusion roller 701. The feed port is connected to the discharge hole 204 set on the side panel of the shell 2011 to receive the coal blocks sliding down from the distribution frame 202. In which, each group of extrusion protrusions 704 may include multiple extrusion protrusions 704 arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the extrusion roller 701.

[0068] Specifically, the coal lumps that fall from the distribution frame 202 enter the housing 703 of the crushing device 7 through the feed port connected to the discharge holes 204 on the side panel of the outer shell 2011. They first fall between the paired squeezing rollers 701 within the housing 703. As the two squeezing rollers 701 rotate toward each other, the coal lumps are actively guided between the squeezing rollers 701 as they fall. Multiple groups of squeezing protrusions 704 are evenly distributed along the outer circumference of each squeezing roller 701. These protrusions exert a high degree of pressure on the coal lumps as the rollers rotate, effectively breaking large lumps into those of a predetermined size.

[0069] In addition, in order to transport the coal blocks crushed by the crushing device 7 back to the belt 101 conveying system, the present invention is provided with a conveying device 8 in some embodiments, which is used to transport the coal blocks output by the crushing device 7 to the second section of the belt 101.

[0070] Specifically, the conveyor 8 includes a conveyor pipe 801 for receiving the output of the crushing device 7. An auger is arranged along the axial direction of the conveyor pipe 801. One end of the auger is connected to a drive motor 803, which drives the auger to rotate, thereby pushing the coal blocks in the conveyor pipe 801 forward along the axial direction.

[0071] One end of the conveyor pipe 801 is connected to the discharge port at the bottom of the crushing device 7 housing 703, and the other end extends above the second section of the belt 101. This end is also provided with a branch pipe 802 extending toward the center of the second section. Branch pipe 802 is arranged at a downward angle to guide the coal blocks to fall smoothly onto the surface of the belt 101.

[0072] During operation, the auger gradually lifts the crushed coal blocks along the conveying pipe 801 and transports them to the entrance of the branch pipe 802, and finally realizes directional delivery to the second section of the belt 101 through the branch pipe 802, thereby re-incorporating coal blocks of qualified particle size into the transportation process, avoiding waste of resources and ensuring the continuity, closed-loop and stability of the entire transportation system.

[0073] The controller of the present invention can detect, through the second camera 502, that coal blocks larger than a predetermined size are trapped in the distribution frame 202, and then control the activation of the crushing device 7 to process the coal blocks trapped in the distribution frame 202. At the same time, the conveying device 8 is activated synchronously or after a certain period of time, to convey the coal blocks processed by the crushing device 7 to the second section of the belt 101.

[0074] In the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 and Figure 12 As shown, when the controller receives the image captured by the first camera 501 and finds that coal blocks larger than a predetermined size appear on the first section of the carrying surface of the belt 101, the controller will instruct the lifting assembly 4 to lower the material distribution frame 202 to the interception position and simultaneously start the coal crushing device and the conveying device 8.

[0075] If the first camera 501 continues to capture coal lumps larger than the predetermined size, the distribution frame 202 will remain in the shutoff position until the first camera 501 detects no new large-sized coal lumps and the second camera 502 confirms that there are no more coal lumps larger than the predetermined size within the distribution frame 202. At this point, the controller instructs the lifting assembly to raise the distribution frame 202 to the non-operating position. The coal crushing device and conveyor 8 then continue operating until they have completed the coal crushing and conveying process, at which point they cease operation.

[0076] During the screening process of the distribution frame 202, if the controller finds blockage or coal retention in the distribution frame 202 through the second camera 502, the controller will immediately instruct the discharge component 6 to quickly discharge and reset to avoid interference with subsequent coal processing.

[0077] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations. However, these simple variations and combinations should also be considered as disclosed in the present invention and fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal mining and transportation system, characterized in that: include: A belt transmission device (1) comprises a plurality of belt rollers and a belt (101) tensioned and driven by the belt rollers, wherein the plurality of belt rollers comprise a first belt roller (102) located at the tail end of a machine, a second belt roller (103) located at the head end of a machine, and a blanking roller (104) and a steering roller (105) located between the first belt roller (102) and the second belt roller (103), wherein the blanking roller (104) is located above the steering roller (105) to tension the belt (101) into a first section from the first belt roller (102) to the blanking roller (104), an intermediate section from the blanking roller (104) to the steering roller (105), and a second section from the steering roller (105) to the second belt roller (103); The material distribution device (2) comprises a fixed frame (201) arranged at the position of the middle section and a material distribution frame (202) arranged on the fixed frame (201), wherein the material distribution frame (202) is configured to receive and intercept coal blocks falling from the end of the first section, so as to prevent coal blocks larger than a predetermined size from falling into the second section.

2. The coal mining and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blanking roller (104) and the steering roller (105) are rotatably mounted on the fixed frame (201), respectively. The blanking roller (104) is set to be no lower than the first belt roller (102), and the steering roller (105) is set to be offset relative to the blanking roller (104) toward the tail end of the machine, so that the coal blocks falling from the end of the first section do not pass through the conveyance of the middle section and fall to the second section; The belt (101) is respectively wound around the side of the blanking roller (104) facing the machine head end and the side of the steering roller (105) facing the machine tail end, and a scraping device (3) is mounted on the fixed frame (201), which covers the steering roller (105) and abuts against the middle section and the second section on both sides.

3. The coal mining and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material distribution frame (202) comprises an arc-shaped bottom plate (2021) formed with a material drop groove (2022), the material drop groove (2022) is provided with a screening bar (203) for preventing coal blocks larger than a predetermined size from passing through the material drop groove (2022), and the extending direction of the arc-shaped bottom plate (2021) is inclined relative to the horizontal plane, so as to guide coal blocks larger than the predetermined size to slide to a predetermined position outside the belt (101).

4. The coal mining and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed frame (201) is provided with a lifting assembly (4) for lifting the distribution frame (202). The coal mining and transportation system further comprises a monitoring unit (5) for detecting the volume of the coal blocks carried by the belt (101) in the first section, and controlling the lifting of the distribution frame (202) through the lifting assembly (4) so ​​that the distribution frame (202) is lifted between a cut-off position for receiving the coal blocks transported by the first section and a non-working position for allowing the coal blocks transported by the first section to directly enter the second section.

5. The coal mining and transportation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (4) comprises first telescopic rods (401) respectively arranged on the fixing frame (201) and connected to both ends of the material distribution frame (202), wherein the first telescopic rods (401) are configured to be telescopic in a vertical direction. The first telescopic rods (401) on both sides are configured to have different extension heights, so that the material distribution frame (202) is arranged to be inclined.

6. The coal mining and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal mining and transportation system further includes a discharge assembly (6), the discharge assembly (6) including a second telescopic rod (601) provided on the fixed frame (201) and located above the distribution frame (202), the second telescopic rod (601) being configured to be telescopic in a length direction parallel to the distribution frame (202), the driving end of the second telescopic rod (601) being connected to a second connecting plate (602), the second connecting plate (602) being configured to extend downward in a vertical direction, the end of the second connecting plate (602) being connected to a push plate (603), the push plate (603) being configured to take away the coal blocks in the distribution frame (202) when the driving rod of the second telescopic rod (601) is retracted.

7. The coal mining and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing frame (201) comprises a shell (2011) covering the middle section, a discharge hole (204) being provided on the shell (2011), one end of the distribution frame (202) abutting against the discharge hole (204), and the other end being constructed to be higher than the discharge hole (204) so ​​as to discharge the intercepted coal blocks out of the shell (2011) through the discharge hole (204).

8. The coal mining and transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal mining and transportation system further comprises a crushing device (7), wherein the crushing device (7) is configured to receive the coal blocks intercepted in the distribution frame (202) and crush the coal blocks.

9. The coal mining and transportation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The crushing device (7) comprises a box body (703), wherein symmetrically arranged squeezing rollers (701) are provided inside the box body (703), and a synchronous motor (702) connected to the squeezing rollers (701) in a one-to-one correspondence is provided outside the box body (703), wherein the symmetrically arranged squeezing rollers (701) rotate in opposite directions, and the outer peripheral surface of each squeezing roller (701) is provided with a plurality of groups of squeezing protrusions (704) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.

10. The coal mining and transportation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The crushing device (7) is externally connected to a conveying device (8), and the conveying device (8) is used to transmit the coal blocks crushed by the crushing device (7) to the second section of the belt (101). The conveying device (8) comprises a conveying pipe (801) for receiving the coal blocks output by the crushing device (7), an auger is provided in the conveying pipe (801), and a drive motor (803) is connected to the end of the auger to drive the auger to rotate and transport the coal blocks in the conveying pipe (801).

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