High-transparency and low-abrasion dark full-polished glaze, ceramic tile and preparation method of high-transparency and low-abrasion dark full-polished glaze

Abstract

The invention provides high-transparency low-abrasion dark full-polished glaze, a ceramic tile and a preparation method of the high-transparency low-abrasion dark full-polished glaze. The dark full-polished glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 8-10% of kaolin, 18-24% of potassium feldspar, 8-12% of albite, 18-30% of a first mixed calcined material, 8-20% of a second mixed calcined material, 6-10% of barium carbonate, 4-6% of calcined clay, 4-8% of zinc oxide, 6-16% of calcite and 2-4% of quartz, the first mixed calcined material is formed by mixing and calcining kaolin and potassium feldspar, and the second mixed calcined material is formed by mixing and calcining kaolin and albite. According to the application, the first mixed calcined material and the second mixed calcined material are added into the formula of the dark full-polished glaze, and the first mixed calcined material and the second mixed calcined material mainly comprise feldspar glass and kaolin calcined substances, so that the content of aluminum oxide is obviously increased compared with that of feldspar; further, a dark full-polished glaze product which is good in transparency, low in abrasion and relatively low in cost can be fired.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic production, in particular to a high-transmittance, low-wear, dark-colored, fully-glazed ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Full-polished glazes for light-colored products have poor translucency. If used on dark-polished products, the glaze will turn white, affecting the color rendering. To achieve a more translucent full-polished glaze, a high-glass phase system is generally used. However, while this reduces the gas phase and high-temperature unmelted phase in the glaze, and the corresponding reduction in the crystalline phase, resulting in better translucency, the abrasion loss ranges from 0.3 to 0.38 grams, and can even exceed 0.4 grams. Therefore, using glazes from light-colored products on dark-polished products will result in higher abrasion. When dark-polished glazes are used for decorative purposes such as vertical skirting, high abrasion does not affect their use; as long as the translucency is good, the decorative effect of inkjet printing can be achieved. Therefore, transparent glazes from high-glass phase systems are more suitable for black full-polished products. Therefore, using glazes from light-colored full-polished glazes on dark-polished products cannot achieve a balanced translucency and abrasion.

[0003] When producing dark, fully glazed products, dry granular glaze can be used, which meets the required transparency and abrasion resistance, but at a higher cost. Black glaze formulations can also be used, but the glaze is soft and brick-like, making it difficult to meet the required standards, leading to yellowing of polished edges and abrasion exceeding the 0.25 gram standard. Therefore, dry granular glaze and black glaze formulations cannot achieve both transparency and abrasion resistance at a low cost.

[0004] To enhance transparency in a dark, full-polished glaze formulation, the closer the refractive index of all phases in the glaze is to that of the glass phase, the better. The most basic requirement is a refractive index difference of less than 0.1. Phases in the glaze typically include calcium feldspar, barium feldspar, strontium feldspar, sodium calcium plagioclase, and potassium barium adriaenite. These crystals have a Mohs hardness of 6 to 6.5. Their presence in large quantities in the glaze minimizes transparency and improves the glaze's wear resistance. Furthermore, the following conditions must be met: 1. The glaze must not contain excessive pores; 2. The glaze must not contain high-temperature unmelted materials, typically kaolin, calcined kaolin, and alumina. The amount of high-temperature materials used must be strictly controlled. However, this makes it difficult to increase the aluminum content in the formulation, resulting in more crystals and a lower wear resistance. 3. The amount of high-refractive-index fluxing agents added must be strictly controlled. 4. The use of low-temperature fluxes, such as low-temperature frits, should be minimized, instead utilizing the eutectic effect between the raw materials to lower the glaze's melting temperature.

[0005] In fully polished glazes, if the crystals undergo a solid-phase reaction, melting, and crystallization, the crystals will be mostly on the glaze surface, making it difficult to improve the wear resistance of the glaze after polishing. If the crystals in the glaze are formed only through a solid-phase reaction and do not undergo the melting-crystallization process, the crystals will be more distributed throughout the glaze, and even after polishing, the wear resistance will be quite good.

[0006] To simultaneously improve the translucency and wear resistance of a glaze, crystals of calcium feldspar, barium feldspar, strontium feldspar, sodium calcium plagioclase, and potassium barium adria must be generated within the glaze. The first approach involves introducing large amounts of high-aluminum, high-calcium, and high-aluminum, high-barium frits to create a series of feldspar crystals. These fine crystals, with a hardness of 6-6.5, are embedded within the glaze, improving its wear resistance. However, this method is costly, as the high-aluminum frits require higher melting temperatures. This high production cost significantly undermines the competitive advantage of dark, full-polished glazes among ceramic tile manufacturers. A second approach involves increasing the alumina content in the glaze formula while simultaneously introducing calcium and barium to generate calcium-barium crystals. This ensures translucency while reducing wear, but increasing the alumina content in the formula is difficult. Kaolin clay only needs to meet the requirements for slurry suspension; calcined clay and alumina easily form unmelted materials at high temperatures, resulting in poor translucency. A feldspar dosage of no more than 50% provides a fixed alumina content, making further increases difficult. Furthermore, other fluxing agents in the formula contain virtually no alumina. Therefore, the above two methods cannot increase the aluminum content in the glaze, and cannot ensure the wear resistance of the glaze while meeting the requirements of dark products for the transparency of the full-polished glaze.

[0007] Therefore, the existing technology has defects and needs to be improved and developed. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a dark-colored full-polished glaze, ceramic tiles and their preparation method with high transparency and low wear, in response to the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, aiming to solve the problem that the prior art cannot provide a full-polished glaze with low cost, good transparency and low wear to meet the color, brick shape and transparency requirements of dark-colored products.

[0009] The technical solutions adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems are as follows:

[0010] In a first aspect of the present application, an embodiment provides a dark-colored full-polished glaze with high transparency and low wear, wherein the raw materials of the dark-colored full-polished glaze, calculated by mass percentage, include:

[0011] Kaolin 8-10%, potassium feldspar 18-24%, sodium feldspar 8-12%, first mixed calcined material 18-30%, second mixed calcined material 8-20%, barium carbonate 6-10%, calcite 4-6%, zinc oxide 4-8%, calcite 6-16%, quartz 2-4%;

[0012] The first mixed calcined material is formed by mixing and calcining kaolin and potassium feldspar, and the second mixed calcined material is formed by mixing and calcining kaolin and sodium feldspar.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present application, the chemical composition of the dark full-polished glaze comprises, by mass percentage:

[0014] SiO2: 54.63~56.51%, Al2O3: 11.13~17.27%, Fe2O3: 0.18~0.25%, TiO2: 0.07~0.15%, CaO: 4.98~6 .58%, MgO: 2.1~2.59%, K2O: 3.22~3.94%, Na2O: 2.01~3.05%, ZnO: 5.24~5.62%, BaO: 5.66~6.59%.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present application, the chemical composition of the first mixed calcined material, calculated by mass percentage, comprises:

[0016] SiO2: 59.33~67.22%, Al2O3: 16.68~27.27%, Fe2O3: 0.10~0.36%, TiO2: 0~0.18%, CaO: 0.10~0.63%, MgO: 0~0.18%, K2O: 5.35~11.36%, Na2O: 0~2.91%;

[0017] The chemical composition of the second mixed calcined material, calculated by mass percentage, comprises:

[0018] SiO2: 55.69~64.93%, Al2O3: 18.85~25.99%, Fe2O3: 0.10~0.35%, TiO2: 0~0.16%, CaO: 0.15~0.94%, MgO: 0~0.33%, K2O: 0~2.37%, Na2O: 5.53~15.68%.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present application, the first mixed calcined material comprises, by mass percentage, 10-50% kaolin and 50-90% potassium feldspar; the second mixed calcined material comprises, by mass percentage, 10-50% kaolin and 50-90% sodium feldspar.

[0020] A second embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a ceramic tile, wherein the method comprises:

[0021] Mixing kaolin and potassium feldspar to prepare a first mixed calcined material, and mixing kaolin and sodium feldspar to prepare a second mixed calcined material;

[0022] The mixed glaze is obtained by mixing, by mass percentage, 8-10% kaolin, 18-24% potassium feldspar, 8-12% sodium feldspar, 18-30% of a first mixed calcined material, 8-20% of a second mixed calcined material, 6-10% of barium carbonate, 4-6% of calcite, 4-8% of zinc oxide, 6-16% of calcite, and 2-4% of quartz.

[0023] adding sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium methylcellulose and water to the mixed glaze to prepare a glaze slurry;

[0024] The glaze slurry is applied to the brick blank after the inkjet printing pattern, and the ceramic brick is obtained after firing.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present application, kaolin and potassium feldspar are mixed to prepare a first mixed calcined material, comprising:

[0026] Mixing kaolin and potassium feldspar in a first predetermined ratio and then ball-milling to obtain a first powder;

[0027] The first powder is loaded into a sagger and put into a kiln for firing at a firing temperature of 1100-1150° C. to obtain a first mixed calcined material.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present application, kaolin and albite are mixed to prepare a second mixed calcined material, comprising:

[0029] Mixing kaolin and albite in a second predetermined ratio and then ball-milling to obtain a second powder;

[0030] The second powder is loaded into a sagger and put into a kiln for firing at a firing temperature of 1100-1150° C. to obtain a second mixed calcined material.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present application, the glaze slurry is applied to a brick blank after inkjet printing of a pattern, and fired to obtain a ceramic tile, comprising:

[0032] The glaze slurry is applied to the brick blank after the inkjet printing pattern, and the ceramic brick is obtained after firing at a firing temperature of 1165-1175° C. and a firing cycle of 32-90 minutes.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present application, the ceramic tile has a glossiness of 35 to 40 degrees, an abrasion of 0.22 to 0.24 grams, and a Mohs hardness of 4.

[0034] A third embodiment of the present application provides a ceramic tile, wherein the ceramic tile is prepared by the ceramic tile preparation method as described above.

[0035] The invention discloses a dark-colored full-polished glaze with high transparency and low wear, a ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof. The raw materials of the dark-colored full-polished glaze, calculated by mass percentage, include: 8-10% kaolin, 18-24% potassium feldspar, 8-12% sodium feldspar, 18-30% of a first mixed calcined material, 8-20% of a second mixed calcined material, 6-10% of barium carbonate, 4-6% of calcite, 4-8% of zinc oxide, 6-16% of calcite and 2-4% of quartz; wherein the first mixed calcined material is formed by calcining a mixture of kaolin and potassium feldspar, and the second mixed calcined material is formed by calcining a mixture of kaolin and sodium feldspar. In this application, the first mixed calcined material and the second mixed calcined material are added to the formula of dark full-polished glaze. Since the physical phases in the first mixed calcined material and the second mixed calcined material are mainly feldspar glass and kaolin calcined material, their alumina content is significantly higher than that of feldspar, and thus a dark full-polished glaze product with good transparency and low wear can be fired at a lower cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a method for preparing ceramic tiles in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and distinct, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0038] In the embodiment of the present application, kaolin and feldspar are calcined together, and the calcined material is crushed and used in a full-polished glaze formulation, thereby simultaneously meeting the wear resistance and transparency requirements of dark full-polished glaze products. The calcined material in the present invention, when used in a full-polished glaze formulation, has few pores and no high-temperature unmelted materials. The crystals generated by the solid-phase reaction (sodium-calcium plagioclase, potassium-barium adriae, etc.) can reduce the wear of the glaze, while achieving high transparency and low wear of dark full-polished glaze products.

[0039] The present application provides a dark-colored full-polished glaze with high transparency and low wear. The raw materials of the dark-colored full-polished glaze, calculated by mass percentage, include:

[0040] 8-10% kaolin, 18-24% potassium feldspar, 8-12% sodium feldspar, 18-30% first mixed calcined material, 8-20% second mixed calcined material, 6-10% barium carbonate, 4-6% calcite, 4-8% zinc oxide, 6-16% calcite, and 2-4% quartz. The first mixed calcined material is formed by calcining a mixture of kaolin and potassium feldspar, and the second mixed calcined material is formed by calcining a mixture of kaolin and sodium feldspar. The calcite refers to burned talc.

[0041] The dark full-polished glaze of the embodiment of the present application is a transparent glaze covering the surface of dark full-polished glaze ceramic tiles, with good transparency and low wear after polishing. Specifically, in the ceramic process, the calcination process is often used to deal with: 1. Destroying the original structure of the raw material, which is beneficial to ceramic manufacturing. For example, the flaky structure of talc is destroyed after calcination, which will not cause deformation and cracking of the product; quartz produces internal stress after rapid cooling and heating after calcination, and the brittleness of the raw material increases, which can greatly improve the crushing efficiency; for example, calcining zinc oxide can avoid glaze shrinkage defects caused by zinc oxide after calcination. 2. Reduce burning loss and change plasticity; such as calcining kaolin, the shrinkage of the body can be reduced. 3. Reduce bubbles in the glaze; such as calcining potassium feldspar.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present application, the first mixed calcined material and the second mixed calcined material are added to the formula of the dark full-polished glaze. Since the physical phases in the first mixed calcined material and the second mixed calcined material are mainly feldspar glass and kaolin calcined material, their alumina content is significantly higher than that of feldspar, and thus a dark full-polished glaze product with good transparency and low wear can be fired at a lower cost.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present application, the chemical composition of the dark full-polished glaze is calculated by mass percentage and includes:

[0044] SiO2: 54.63~56.51%, Al2O3: 11.13~17.27%, Fe2O3: 0.18~0.25%, TiO2: 0.07~0.15%, CaO: 4.98~6 .58%, MgO: 2.1~2.59%, K2O: 3.22~3.94%, Na2O: 2.01~3.05%, ZnO: 5.24~5.62%, BaO: 5.66~6.59%.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the chemical composition of the dark full-polished glaze, calculated by mass percentage, includes: SiO2: 56.51%, Al2O3: 17.27%, Fe2O3: 0.25%, TiO2: 0.07%, CaO: 4.98%, MgO: 2.1%, K2O: 3.94%, Na2O: 3.05%, ZnO: 5.24%, and BaO: 6.59%.

[0046] The dark full-polished glaze formula of the embodiment of the present application has a relatively high aluminum content, and does not require the use of low-temperature frits. The product has a good brick shape and avoids the problem of yellow edges due to polishing, thereby improving the overall quality rate of product production.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present application, the chemical composition of the first mixed calcined material, calculated by mass percentage, comprises:

[0048] SiO2: 59.33~67.22%, Al2O3: 16.68~27.27%, Fe2O3: 0.10~0.36%, TiO2: 0~0.18%, CaO: 0.10~0.63%, MgO: 0~0.18%, K2O: 5.35~11.36%, Na2O: 0~2.91%.

[0049] The chemical composition of the second mixed calcined material, calculated by mass percentage, comprises:

[0050] SiO2: 55.69~64.93%, Al2O3: 18.85~25.99%, Fe2O3: 0.10~0.35%, TiO2: 0~0.16%, CaO: 0.15~0.94%, MgO: 0~0.33%, K2O: 0~2.37%, Na2O: 5.53~15.68%.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present application, the first mixed calcined material comprises, by mass percentage, 10-50% kaolin and 50-90% potassium feldspar; the second mixed calcined material comprises, by mass percentage, 10-50% kaolin and 50-90% sodium feldspar.

[0052] Specifically, the first mixed calcined material is a raw material formed by calcining kaolin and potassium feldspar in a specific ratio. The second mixed calcined material is a raw material formed by calcining kaolin and albite in a specific ratio. The calcination temperature is 1100°C to 1150°C. The ratio of kaolin to feldspar is such that if the kaolin addition amount is X wt%, the feldspar is (100 - X) wt%; typically, X ≤ 50. Because the ratio of potassium feldspar to albite can be used to adjust the expansion coefficient of the glaze, this calcined material is a combination of kaolin and potassium feldspar, or kaolin and albite.

[0053] In a specific embodiment, a proportion-temperature comparison table can be formulated. Specifically, the specific proportions of the first mixed calcined material, calculated by mass percentage, may include: 10% kaolin and 90% potassium feldspar, with a calcination temperature of 1130°C; or, 20% kaolin and 80% potassium feldspar, with a calcination temperature of 1130°C; or, 30% kaolin and 70% potassium feldspar, with a calcination temperature of 1140°C; or, 40% kaolin and 60% potassium feldspar, with a calcination temperature of 1150°C; or, 50% kaolin and 50% potassium feldspar. The specific proportions of the second mixed calcined material, calculated by mass percentage, may include: 10% kaolin and 90% albite, and the calcination temperature is 1100°C; or, 20% kaolin and 80% albite, and the calcination temperature is 1100°C; or, 30% kaolin and 70% albite, and the calcination temperature is 1110°C; or, 40% kaolin and 60% albite, and the calcination temperature is 1120°C; or, 50% kaolin and 50% albite, and the calcination temperature is 1120°C.

[0054] The calcined materials of the embodiments of the present application have a variety of proportion combinations and a wide formula adaptability, and can be adapted to kilns with various firing temperatures and ceramic bricks with various expansion coefficients.

[0055] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 Flowchart of the method for preparing ceramic tiles of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0056] Step S100: mixing kaolin and potassium feldspar to prepare a first mixed calcined material, and mixing kaolin and sodium feldspar to prepare a second mixed calcined material;

[0057] Step S200, by mass percentage, 8-10% kaolin, 18-24% potassium feldspar, 8-12% sodium feldspar, 18-30% of a first mixed calcined material, 8-20% of a second mixed calcined material, 6-10% barium carbonate, 4-6% calcite, 4-8% zinc oxide, 6-16% calcite, and 2-4% quartz are mixed to obtain a mixed glaze;

[0058] Step S300: adding sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium methylcellulose and water to the mixed glaze to prepare a glaze slurry;

[0059] Step S400: applying the glaze slurry to the brick blank after the inkjet printing pattern, and firing to obtain a ceramic brick.

[0060] Specifically, after exiting the kiln, the first mixed calcined material and the second mixed calcined material are crushed to 200 mesh using a pulverizer. The crushed calcined powder is then combined with other raw materials to prepare a glaze slip. The glaze slip comprises, by mass percentage, 70% to 75% of the mixed glaze (dry material), 0.2% to 0.25% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.07% to 0.1% of sodium methylcellulose, and 28% to 31% of water. The glaze slip has a 325-mesh sieve residue of ≤0.6%.

[0061] The glaze slurry is poured on the brick blank after the inkjet printing pattern by pouring glaze. The specific gravity of the glaze slurry is 1.5-1.6, and the glaze amount is 375-415g / m 2 .

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, the first mixed calcined material and the second mixed calcined material are added to the formula of the dark full-polished glaze. Since the physical phases in the first mixed calcined material and the second mixed calcined material are mainly feldspar glass and kaolin calcined material, their alumina content is significantly higher than that of feldspar, and thus a dark full-polished glaze product with good transparency and low wear can be fired at a lower cost.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present application, kaolin and potassium feldspar are mixed to prepare a first mixed calcined material, comprising:

[0064] Mixing kaolin and potassium feldspar in a first predetermined ratio and then ball-milling to obtain a first powder;

[0065] The first powder is loaded into a sagger and put into a kiln for firing at a firing temperature of 1100-1150° C. to obtain a first mixed calcined material.

[0066] Specifically, kaolin and potassium feldspar are mixed and powdered in a spray dryer. The first predetermined ratio, calculated by mass percentage, is X wt% kaolin and (100-X) wt% potassium feldspar, with X ≤ 50. The first powder is loaded into a sagger and fired in a kiln at a temperature of 1100-1150°C to obtain a first mixed calcined material. After being held at 1100-1150°C for 2 hours (i.e., the high-fire holding temperature is the same as the calcination temperature), the material is crushed and set aside.

[0067] At a temperature just as potassium feldspar begins to melt, the kaolin undergoes a phase of dehydration, decomposition, and mullite formation. The potassium feldspar then begins to melt into glass, binding the high-temperature products of the kaolin together. Potassium feldspar has an initial melting point of around 1150°C. After high-temperature calcination, it becomes an amorphous glass with no fixed melting point. Its initial melting point is lower than the original temperature of the raw mineral, making the glaze fusible.

[0068] During application, different first and second mixed calcined materials can be used depending on the firing temperature. For example, if the kiln firing temperature is higher than the current glaze formula, a ratio combination with a higher firing temperature can be used; if the kiln firing temperature is lower than the current glaze formula, a ratio combination with a lower firing temperature can be used. When the expansion coefficient of a dark full-polished glaze needs to be adjusted, the potassium-sodium system can be interchanged.

[0069] In one embodiment of the present application, kaolin and albite are mixed to prepare a second mixed calcined material, comprising:

[0070] Mixing kaolin and albite in a second predetermined ratio and then ball-milling to obtain a second powder;

[0071] The second powder is loaded into a sagger and put into a kiln for firing at a firing temperature of 1100-1150° C. to obtain a second mixed calcined material.

[0072] Specifically, kaolin and albite are mixed and powdered using a spray dryer. The second predetermined ratio satisfies the following conditions: the kaolin is added in an amount of X wt% and the albite is added in an amount of (100-X) wt%, with X ≤ 50. The second powder is loaded into a sagger and fired in a kiln at a temperature of 1100-1150°C to obtain a second mixed calcined material. The mixed material is then held at 1100-1150°C for 2 hours (i.e., the high-fire holding temperature is the same as the calcination temperature), and then crushed for later use.

[0073] At a temperature just as albite begins to melt, the kaolin undergoes a process of dehydration, decomposition, and the formation of mullite. The albite then begins to melt into glass, binding the high-temperature products of the kaolin together. The initial melting point of albite is around 1120°C. After high-temperature calcination, it becomes an amorphous glass with no fixed melting point. Its initial melting point is lower than the original temperature of the raw mineral, making the glaze fusible.

[0074] Potassium feldspar and sodium feldspar have different compositions, so their initial melting temperatures are different.

[0075] In the dark full-polished glaze formula of the embodiment of the present application, the processing cost of the calcined material is calculated at 1,000 yuan / ton, and the formula cost is between 2,000 and 2,200 yuan / ton, which is relatively low.

[0076] In an embodiment of the present application, the glaze slurry is applied to a brick blank after inkjet printing of a pattern, and a ceramic tile is obtained after firing, comprising:

[0077] The glaze slurry is applied to the brick blank after the inkjet printing pattern, and the ceramic brick is obtained after firing at a firing temperature of 1165-1175° C. and a firing cycle of 32-90 minutes.

[0078] The firing temperature of the embodiment of the present application is low and the firing cycle is short, thereby reducing production costs.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present application, the glossiness of the ceramic tile is 35 to 40 degrees, the abrasion is 0.22 to 0.24 grams, and the Mohs hardness is level 4.

[0080] The dark full-polished glaze product produced in the embodiment of the present application has a gloss of 35 to 40 degrees, an abrasion of 0.22 to 0.24 grams, a Mohs hardness of 4, and very few bubbles, and qualified acid and alkali resistance. Therefore, the dark full-polished glaze of the present invention can ensure good transparency under the premise of 35 to 40 degrees, meeting the production requirements of dark full-polished glaze products, and its abrasion can be as low as 0.22 to 0.24 grams, which is lower than the 0.25 grams required by the standard and close to the 0.18 to 0.2 grams of light-colored products; the Mohs hardness is 4, which is on par with light-colored full-polished glaze products.

[0081] The ceramic tile preparation method of the embodiment of the present application can prepare ceramic tiles with good transparency and low wear, and the cost is low.

[0082] The present application also provides a ceramic tile, wherein the ceramic tile is prepared by the ceramic tile preparation method as described above.

[0083] Specific embodiments are listed below for illustration.

[0084] Example 1:

[0085] Step A1: 30% kaolin and 70% potassium feldspar, by mass percentage, are mixed and ball-milled to obtain a first powder; the first powder is loaded into a sagger and fired in a kiln at a firing temperature of 1140° C. to obtain a first mixed calcined material; the first mixed calcined material is crushed to obtain a first mixed calcined material; the first mixed calcined material is kept warm at high temperature for 2 hours, and after being discharged from the kiln, the first mixed calcined material is crushed to 200 mesh using a powder grinder.

[0086] Step A2: Mix 30% kaolin and 70% albite by mass, and then ball-mill to obtain a second powder; load the second powder into a sagger, put it into a kiln and fire it at a firing temperature of 1110° C. to obtain a second mixed calcined material; crush the second mixed calcined material to obtain a second mixed calcined material; keep it warm on high heat for 2 hours, and after leaving the kiln, crush the second mixed calcined material into 200 mesh using a powder grinder.

[0087] Step A3: The raw materials for the dark full-polished glaze are mixed in the proportions of 8% kaolin, 20% potassium feldspar, 10% sodium feldspar, 21% of the first mixed calcined material, 12% of the second mixed calcined material, 8% barium carbonate, 5% calcite, 5% zinc oxide, 8% calcite, and 3% quartz, calculated by mass percentage, to obtain a mixed glaze.

[0088] Step A4: 70% of the mixed glaze (dry material), 0.25% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.1% of sodium methylcellulose, and 29.65% of water are mixed by mass to obtain a glaze slurry, wherein the residue on a 325-mesh sieve is ≤0.6%.

[0089] Step A5: Use the glaze pouring method to pour the glaze slurry on the brick after the inkjet printing pattern. The specific gravity of the glaze slurry is 1.5-1.6, and the glaze amount is 375-415g / m 2 .

[0090] Step A6: firing at a firing temperature of 1165-1175° C. and a firing period of 32-90 minutes to obtain ceramic tiles.

[0091] Example 2:

[0092] Step B1, by mass percentage, 40% kaolin and 60% potassium feldspar are mixed and ball-milled to obtain a first powder; the first powder is loaded into a sagger and fired in a kiln at a firing temperature of 1150° C. to obtain a first mixed calcined material; the first mixed calcined material is crushed to obtain a first mixed calcined material; the first mixed calcined material is kept warm at high temperature for 2 hours, and after being discharged from the kiln, the first mixed calcined material is crushed to 200 mesh using a powder grinder.

[0093] Step B2: Mix 20% kaolin and 80% albite by mass, and then ball-mill to obtain a second powder; load the second powder into a sagger, put it into a kiln and fire it at a firing temperature of 1100° C. to obtain a second mixed calcined material; crush the second mixed calcined material to obtain a second mixed calcined material; keep it warm on high heat for 2 hours, and after leaving the kiln, crush the second mixed calcined material into 200 mesh using a powder grinder.

[0094] Step B3, by mass percentage, the raw materials of the dark full-polished glaze are mixed in the proportions of 10% kaolin, 19% potassium feldspar, 12% sodium feldspar, 24% first mixed calcined material, 9% second mixed calcined material, 6% barium carbonate, 4% calcite, 6% zinc oxide, 7% calcite, and 3% quartz to obtain a mixed glaze.

[0095] Step B4: 71.7% of the mixed glaze (dry material), 0.22% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.08% of sodium methylcellulose, and 28% of water are mixed by mass to obtain a glaze slurry, wherein the residue on a 325-mesh sieve is ≤0.6%.

[0096] Step B5: Use the glaze pouring method to pour the glaze slurry on the brick after the inkjet printing pattern. The specific gravity of the glaze slurry is 1.5-1.6, and the glaze amount is 375-415g / m 2 .

[0097] Step B6: firing at a firing temperature of 1165-1175° C. and a firing period of 32-90 min to obtain ceramic tiles.

[0098] The present invention provides a dark-colored full-polished glaze with high transparency and low wear, a ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof. The raw materials of the dark-colored full-polished glaze include, by mass percentage, 8-10% kaolin, 18-24% potassium feldspar, 8-12% sodium feldspar, 18-30% first mixed calcined material, 8-20% second mixed calcined material, 6-10% barium carbonate, 4-6% calcined slip, 4-8% zinc oxide, 6-16% calcite, and 2-4% quartz; wherein the first mixed calcined material is formed by calcining a mixture of kaolin and potassium feldspar, and the second mixed calcined material is formed by calcining a mixture of kaolin and sodium feldspar. In this application, the first mixed calcined material and the second mixed calcined material are added to the formula of the dark-colored full-polished glaze. Since the physical phases in the first mixed calcined material and the second mixed calcined material are mainly feldspar glass and kaolin calcined material, their alumina content is significantly higher than that of feldspar, thereby being able to fire a dark-colored full-polished glaze product with good transparency and low wear, and at a low cost.

[0099] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. For those skilled in the art, improvements or changes can be made based on the above description. All these improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A dark, fully polished glaze with high transparency and low wear, characterized in that: The raw materials of the dark full-polished glaze include, by mass percentage: Kaolin 8-10%, potassium feldspar 18-24%, sodium feldspar 8-12%, first mixed calcined material 18-30%, second mixed calcined material 8-20%, barium carbonate 6-10%, calcite 4-6%, zinc oxide 4-8%, calcite 6-16%, quartz 2-4%; The first mixed calcined material is formed by mixing and calcining kaolin and potassium feldspar, and the second mixed calcined material is formed by mixing and calcining kaolin and sodium feldspar.

2. The high-transmittance, low-wear, dark-colored full-polished glaze according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chemical composition of the dark full-polished glaze is calculated by mass percentage and includes: SiO2: 54.63~56.51%, Al2O3: 11.13~17.27%, Fe2O3: 0.18~0.25%, TiO2: 0.07~0.15%, CaO: 4.98~6 .58%, MgO: 2.1~2.59%, K2O: 3.22~3.94%, Na2O: 2.01~3.05%, ZnO: 5.24~5.62%, BaO: 5.66~6.59%.

3. The high-transmittance, low-wear, dark-colored full-polished glaze according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chemical composition of the first mixed calcined material, calculated by mass percentage, comprises: SiO2: 59.33~67.22%, Al2O3: 16.68~27.27%, Fe2O3: 0.10~0.36%, TiO2: 0~0.18%, CaO: 0.10~0.63%, MgO: 0~0.18%, K2O: 5.35~11.36%, Na2O: 0~2.91%; The chemical composition of the second mixed calcined material, calculated by mass percentage, comprises: SiO2: 55.69~64.93%, Al2O3: 18.85~25.99%, Fe2O3: 0.10~0.35%, TiO2: 0~0.16%, CaO: 0.15~0.94%, MgO: 0~0.33%, K2O: 0~2.37%, Na2O: 5.53~15.68%.

4. The high-transmittance, low-wear, dark-colored full-polished glaze according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first mixed calcined material comprises, by mass percentage, 10-50% kaolin and 50-90% potassium feldspar; the second mixed calcined material comprises, by mass percentage, 10-50% kaolin and 50-90% sodium feldspar.

5. A method for preparing ceramic tiles, characterized in that: The method comprises: Mixing kaolin and potassium feldspar to prepare a first mixed calcined material, and mixing kaolin and sodium feldspar to prepare a second mixed calcined material; The mixed glaze is obtained by mixing, by mass percentage, 8-10% kaolin, 18-24% potassium feldspar, 8-12% sodium feldspar, 18-30% of a first mixed calcined material, 8-20% of a second mixed calcined material, 6-10% of barium carbonate, 4-6% of calcite, 4-8% of zinc oxide, 6-16% of calcite, and 2-4% of quartz. adding sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium methylcellulose and water to the mixed glaze to prepare a glaze slurry; The glaze slurry is applied to the brick blank after the inkjet printing pattern, and the ceramic brick is obtained after firing.

6. The method for preparing ceramic tiles according to claim 5, wherein: The first mixed calcined material is prepared by mixing kaolin and potassium feldspar, comprising: Mixing kaolin and potassium feldspar in a first predetermined ratio and then ball-milling to obtain a first powder; The first powder is loaded into a sagger and put into a kiln for firing at a firing temperature of 1100-1150° C. to obtain a first mixed calcined material.

7. The method for preparing ceramic tiles according to claim 5, wherein: The second mixed calcined material is prepared by mixing kaolin and albite, comprising: Mixing kaolin and albite in a second predetermined ratio and then ball-milling to obtain a second powder; The second powder is loaded into a sagger and put into a kiln for firing at a firing temperature of 1100-1150° C. to obtain a second mixed calcined material.

8. The method for preparing ceramic tiles according to claim 6, wherein: The glaze slurry is applied to the brick blank after the inkjet printing pattern, and the ceramic brick is obtained after firing, comprising: The glaze slurry is applied to the brick blank after the inkjet printing pattern, and the ceramic brick is obtained after firing at a firing temperature of 1165-1175° C. and a firing cycle of 32-90 minutes.

9. The method for preparing ceramic tiles according to claim 6, wherein: The ceramic tile has a glossiness of 35 to 40 degrees, an abrasion of 0.22 to 0.24 grams, and a Mohs hardness of 4.

10. A ceramic tile, characterized in that: The ceramic tile is prepared by the ceramic tile preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 9.

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