Staple fiber yarn and fabric made of staple fiber yarn

Abstract

The invention discloses a staple fiber yarn and a fabric made of the staple fiber yarn. On the cross section of the staple fiber yarn, the polyester fibers and the cotton fibers are gathered into bundles respectively, the polyester fiber bundles and the cotton fiber bundles are of a parallel structure, and the polyester fiber bundles are composed of the polyester fibers with different cross sections. According to the staple fiber yarn, by combining the polyester fibers with different sections and blending the polyester fibers with the cotton fibers, the quick-drying property of the staple fiber yarn is effectively improved by utilizing the structural advantages of the yarn, and the staple fiber yarn is simple in process, suitable for large-scale production and capable of being widely applied to various fabrics such as woven fabrics and knitted fabrics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a staple yarn and a fabric made from the staple yarn. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with people's increasing emphasis on health and increased exercise time, moisture-wicking, quick-drying fabrics have become increasingly popular. These fabrics not only meet people's demand for comfort but also dry quickly after exercise, keeping the body dry. Currently, moisture-wicking, quick-drying technology is mostly used on pure polyester fabrics or fabrics with a high cellulose fiber content.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent document CN115748049A discloses a moisture-conducting yarn and a preparation method thereof. It specifically discloses that the moisture-conducting yarn has viscose filament strands as the core yarn, cotton / polyester staple fibers as the outer covering fibers, and the mass ratio of cotton to polyester staple fibers in the outer covering fibers is 80-90:10-20; wherein, the cross-sectional shape of the polyester fiber is 8-shaped, cross-shaped or U-shaped. Since the viscose filaments with high moisture-conducting effect are located in the core layer, moisture is not easily lost after absorbing moisture, and the quick-drying property needs to be further improved.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent document CN112981664A discloses a moisture-absorbing, perspiration-wicking, quick-drying, smooth cotton knitted fabric and its process. Specifically, it discloses that a yarn blended with cotton fiber and polyester fiber is used as the outer core thread, and water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol filament is used as the inner core thread, and the yarn is spun using siro compact spinning technology. The polyvinyl alcohol filament is then dissolved and the obtained hollow yarn is woven to obtain a knitted fabric. Such a fabric has good moisture-absorbing, perspiration-wicking and quick-drying properties, but polyester filament needs to be added to the cotton fiber during the drawing process. The process is complicated and cannot be achieved in large-scale production on general cotton spinning equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a spun yarn which has a simple process and excellent water absorption and quick-drying effect.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a fabric made from the above-mentioned spun yarn.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0008] (1) The spun yarn of the present invention comprises polyester fibers and cotton fibers. In the cross section of the spun yarn, the polyester fibers and the cotton fibers are respectively gathered into bundles, and the polyester fiber bundles and the cotton fiber bundles present a parallel structure. The polyester fiber bundles are composed of polyester fibers with different cross sections.

[0009] (2) The spun yarn according to (1), wherein the polyester fiber bundle is composed of two or more of cross-section polyester fibers, Y-section polyester fibers, multilobal section polyester fibers, and round section polyester fibers.

[0010] (3) The spun yarn according to (1) or (2), wherein the polyester fiber bundle is composed of polyester fibers having a cross section and polyester fibers having a round section.

[0011] (4) In the spun yarn as described in (3), the weight ratio of the cross-section polyester fiber to the circular cross-section polyester fiber is 50:50 to 70:30.

[0012] (5) In the spun yarn described in (4), the cross-section polyester fiber has a cross-section irregularity of 20.0% to 60.0%.

[0013] (6) The spun yarn as described in (1), wherein the single-filament fineness of the polyester fiber is 0.5 to 3.0 denier.

[0014] (7) The spun yarn as described in (1), wherein the weight ratio of the polyester fiber to the cotton fiber is 50:50 to 70:30.

[0015] (8) Use of the spun yarn as described in any one of (1) to (7) in fabrics.

[0016] The invention takes advantage of the yarn structure and effectively improves its quick-drying property by combining polyester fibers of different cross sections and blending them with cotton fibers. The process is simple, suitable for large-scale production, and can be widely used in various fabrics such as weaving and knitting. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The spun yarn of the present invention is composed of polyester and cotton fibers. Cotton, a common natural fiber, not only has a high moisture regain and excellent moisture absorption properties, but also maintains a high level of comfort even after absorbing moisture. Polyester fibers are also strong and quick-drying, and the grooves on the fiber surface improve water conductivity. Furthermore, the yarn is low-cost. A blend of these two fibers combines the comfort of cotton with the strength, quick-drying, and water conductivity of polyester.

[0018] In the cross-section of the spun yarn of the present invention, polyester fibers and cotton fibers are bundled separately, with the polyester fiber bundles and cotton fiber bundles arranged side by side. When the spun yarn encounters water, moisture is rapidly conducted along one side of the polyester fiber bundle, reducing the amount of moisture absorbed by the cotton fiber bundle, resulting in a relatively faster drying speed. The polyester fiber bundles of the present invention are composed of polyester fibers of varying cross-sections. When polyester fibers of varying cross-sections are blended, the large inter-fiber gaps significantly improve water conductivity and quick-drying properties.

[0019] In the present invention, the polyester fiber bundle preferably comprises two or more of cross-section polyester fibers, Y-section polyester fibers, multilobal polyester fibers, and round-section polyester fibers. Cross-section polyester fibers, due to their surface grooves, have a large specific surface area, allowing for rapid diffusion and evaporation of absorbed water. When mixed with round-section polyester fibers, the interfiber porosity is increased, facilitating water conduction and evaporation. Therefore, it is more preferred that the polyester fiber bundle be composed of both cross-section polyester fibers and round-section polyester fibers.

[0020] Because of the grooves on its surface, cross-section polyester fibers have superior quick-drying properties compared to circular cross-section fibers. In the spun yarn of the present invention, if the proportion of cross-section polyester fibers is less than 50% by weight, the fiber surface area decreases, and quick-drying properties tend to deteriorate under the same conditions. If the proportion of cross-section polyester fibers exceeds 70% by weight, the fibers may become nested and adhered together, reducing the inter-fiber spaces and thus deteriorating quick-drying properties. Therefore, in the present invention, the preferred weight ratio of cross-section polyester fibers to circular cross-section polyester fibers is 50:50 to 70:30.

[0021] The higher the cross-sectional profile of a fiber, the greater its specific surface area, resulting in better quick-drying properties. If the profile of a cross-sectional polyester fiber is less than 20.0%, the specific surface area of ​​the fiber decreases, and quick-drying properties tend to deteriorate. If the profile exceeds 60.0%, the fiber is more likely to deform and break during the spinning process, and quick-drying properties tend to deteriorate. Therefore, in the present invention, the profile of the cross-sectional polyester fiber is preferably between 20.0% and 60.0%, and more preferably between 40.0% and 60.0%.

[0022] Preferably, the polyester fiber of the present invention has a single-filament fineness of 0.5 to 3.0 denier (hereinafter referred to as D). If the single-filament fineness of the polyester fiber exceeds 3D, the number of single fibers per unit cross-section decreases, which can lead to poorer yarn properties and a decreased hand feel. If the single-filament fineness of the polyester fiber is less than 0.5D, the yarn may not be easily combed during carding due to the small fineness, which can lead to problems with spinnability.

[0023] Considering that when the cotton fiber content exceeds 50% by weight, quick-drying properties tend to deteriorate, and when the cotton fiber content is less than 30% by weight, comfort and water absorption tend to deteriorate, the preferred weight ratio of polyester fiber to cotton fiber in the present invention is 50:50 to 70:30.

[0024] The spinning method used in the present invention is not particularly limited and may be selected as needed. During spinning, ensure that the polyester fiber bundle and the cotton fiber bundle are structurally arranged side by side. The polyester and cotton fibers can be bundled together during roving or during spun yarn. When bundled together during spun yarn, siro spinning or siro-compact spinning can be used. When bundled together during roving, ring spinning or compact spinning can be used. Alternatively, the two fibers can be spun separately into spun yarn and then combined.

[0025] The fabric prepared by using the spun yarn of the present invention is not particularly limited and can be either a woven fabric or a knitted fabric.

[0026] Preferably, the diffusive residual moisture rate of the fabric of the present invention measured by the KAKEN method after 90 minutes is less than 50% before and after washing.

[0027] The present invention is further described below with reference to the following examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The various physical parameters involved in the present invention were tested according to the following methods.

[0028] (1) Fiber weight ratio

[0029] Tested according to FZ / T 01026-2017.

[0030] (2) Weight ratio of polyester fibers with different profiles

[0031] A: Fiber Identification

[0032] The spun yarn to be tested was stretched parallel to the sides of a grooved container at a tension of 0.5 cN / tex. Paraffin was then injected to form an embedding block. The block was then trimmed and cut into uniform slices less than 0.5 cm thick. The resulting paraffin sections were photographed under a microscope. Microscopy confirmed that the yarn to be tested contained two polyester fibers with irregular cross-sections, designated as Fiber A and Fiber B.

[0033] B: Weight ratio of fibers with different cross-sections

[0034] Photograph a cross-section of the fiber at a magnification that captures clear boundaries, such as 500x. After taking the photo, use software to automatically measure the cross-sectional area of ​​a single fiber, Fiber A, as Sa, and the F number of Fiber A, as Fa. Also measure the cross-sectional area of ​​a single fiber, Fiber B, as Sb, and the F number of Fiber A, as Fb. Finally, calculate the result using the following formula.

[0035] Weight ratio of fiber A Weight ratio of fiber B (%) = 1 - weight ratio of fiber A (%)

[0036] (3) Degree of heteromorphism

[0037] According to FZ / T 50002-2013 Test method for chemical fiber profile.

[0038] (4) Single yarn fineness

[0039] Tested according to JIS L 1015:2021 8.5 standard.

[0040] (5) Water absorption

[0041] Tested according to JIS L 1907:2010 standard.

[0042] (6) Residual moisture content (KAKEN method)

[0043] Cut three 20cm x 20cm pieces of fabric to be tested as test pieces and allow them to stand at 20°C x 65% RH for at least 12 hours. The mass (W0) of the test piece is then measured. 0.3g of pure water is then added to the test piece. After the test piece is allowed to stand at 20°C x 65% RH for 90 minutes, the mass (W1) of the test piece is measured. The residual moisture content is calculated using the following formula. The final result is the average of the three test pieces, rounded to the nearest integer.

[0044] Residual water content (%) = (W1-W0)÷0.3×100%.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Cross-shaped polyester fiber and round polyester fiber raw cotton are mixed in a 50:50 weight ratio and then sequentially processed through blowroom, carding, drawing, and roving to produce a polyester fiber bundle. Cotton fibers are then sequentially processed through blowroom, carding, combing, drawing, and roving to produce a cotton fiber bundle. The polyester fiber bundle and cotton fiber bundle are fed parallel to each other in a 50:50 weight ratio into the bell mouth of a spinning frame. The resulting yarn is then composited using a siro-compact spinning process. The composite yarn exhibits a parallel structure of polyester and cotton fibers across the yarn cross-section. The siro-compact spinning process is performed under the following conditions: a rotational speed of 12,000 rpm, a total draft ratio of 35 times, and a twist coefficient of 3.7. After winding, the yarn is wound into a bobbin to produce the 30-neon staple yarn of the present invention. The cross-shaped polyester fiber has a single fiber fineness of 1.56 dtex, an average length of 38 mm, and a profile of 44.7%, serving as polyester fiber A. The round polyester fiber has a single fiber fineness of 0.9 dtex and an average length of 38 mm, serving as polyester fiber B.

[0047] The spun yarn prepared above was woven on a circular knitting machine to obtain a grey fabric having a terry weave structure, a transverse density of 35 strands / inch, a longitudinal density of 40 strands / inch, and a thickness of 2.2 mm.

[0048] The above-prepared grey cloth was subjected to scouring (90°C × 20 minutes) → intermediate setting (180°C × 1 minute) → dyeing (disperse dye, manufactured by Zhejiang Longsheng Dye Chemical Co., Ltd., 130°C × 30 minutes; reactive dye, manufactured by Zhejiang Longsheng Dye Chemical Co., Ltd., 60°C × 60 minutes) → finishing (moisture absorption and perspiration finishing agent HS-TC-18, manufactured by Zhuhai Huada Haohong Chemical Co., Ltd.; dosage 10owf%, 80°C × 20 minutes) → drying process (130°C × 2 minutes) → setting process (170°C × 1.5 minutes) to obtain a fabric of the present invention. The performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] The weight ratio of the polyester fiber bundle to the cotton fiber bundle is 70:30, and the rest is the same as in Example 1 to prepare the spun yarn of the present invention and the fabric prepared therefrom. The performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] Cross-shaped polyester fiber raw cotton with a single fiber fineness of 1.56 dtex, an average length of 38 mm, and a profile of 20.0% was selected as polyester fiber A. The rest was the same as in Example 1 to prepare the spun yarn of the present invention and the fabric prepared therefrom. The performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] Cross-shaped polyester fiber A and round polyester fiber B were blended in a weight ratio of 70:30, with the rest being the same as in Example 1, to produce the spun yarn of the present invention and the fabric made therefrom. The performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0055] Example 5

[0056] The weight ratio of the polyester fiber bundle to the cotton fiber bundle is 60:40, and the rest is the same as in Example 1 to prepare the spun yarn of the present invention and the fabric prepared therefrom. The performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0057] Example 6

[0058] Y-shaped polyester fiber raw cotton with a single fiber fineness of 1.33 dtex, an average length of 38 mm, and a profile of 53.0% was selected as polyester fiber A. The rest was the same as in Example 1 to prepare the spun yarn of the present invention and the fabric prepared therefrom. The performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0059] Example 7

[0060] The cross-shaped polyester fiber and the round polyester fiber were blended in a weight ratio of 60:40, wherein the cross-shaped polyester fiber had a single fiber fineness of 1.33 dtex, an average length of 38 mm, and a profile degree of 56.5%, and was used as polyester fiber A. The rest was the same as in Example 1 to prepare the spun yarn of the present invention and the fabric prepared therefrom. The performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0061] Example 8

[0062] Round polyester fiber raw cotton with a single fiber fineness of 1.56 dtex and an average length of 38 mm was selected as polyester fiber B. The rest was the same as in Example 1 to prepare the spun yarn of the present invention and the fabric prepared therefrom. The performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0063] Example 9

[0064] Multi-lobed polyester fiber raw cotton with a single fiber fineness of 1.30 dtex, an average length of 38 mm, and a profile of 42.0% was selected as polyester fiber A. The rest was the same as in Example 1 to prepare the spun yarn of the present invention and the fabric prepared therefrom. The performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Example 10

[0066] A cross-shaped polyester fiber raw cotton with a single fiber fineness of 1.33 dtex, an average length of 38 mm, and a profile of 60.0% was selected as polyester fiber A. The rest was the same as in Example 1 to prepare the spun yarn of the present invention and the fabric prepared therefrom. The performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] Cross-shaped polyester fiber raw cotton and round polyester fiber raw cotton were mixed in a 50:50 weight ratio, followed by blowroom and carding to produce a polyester fiber bundle. Cotton fibers were blowroom, carded, and combed to produce a cotton fiber bundle. The polyester fiber bundle and cotton fiber bundle were then drawn and mixed in a 50:50 weight ratio. The mixed polyester fiber / cotton fiber sliver was then subjected to roving and spinning processes. The resulting yarn exhibited a mixed structure of polyester and cotton fibers in cross section. After winding, a 30-count staple yarn was produced. The remaining processes were the same as in Example 1. A staple yarn and a fabric made therefrom were produced. The performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0069] Comparative Example 2

[0070] The polyester fiber A and the polyester fiber B in the polyester fiber bundle are both round polyester fiber raw cotton with a single fiber fineness of 1.56 dtex, an average length of 38 mm, and a profile of 1.5%. The rest is the same as in Example 1 to prepare a spun yarn and a fabric prepared therefrom. The performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0071] Comparative Example 3

[0072] Round polyester fiber raw cotton and round polyester fiber raw cotton were selected and mixed in a weight ratio of 50:50. The two were then blown and combed to obtain a polyester fiber bundle. Cotton fibers were blown, combed, and combed to obtain a cotton fiber bundle. The polyester fiber bundle and cotton fiber bundle were mixed by drawing at a weight ratio of 85:15. The mixed polyester fiber / cotton fiber sliver was then subjected to roving and spinning processes. The resulting yarn had a mixed structure of polyester and cotton fibers in its cross-section. After winding, a 30-count staple yarn was produced. The round polyester fiber had a single fiber fineness of 1.56 dtex, an average length of 38 mm, and a profile of 1.5%, and was designated as polyester fiber A. The round polyester fiber had a single fiber fineness of 0.9 dtex and an average length of 38 mm, and was designated as polyester fiber B. The remaining steps were the same as in Example 1 to produce a staple yarn and a fabric made therefrom. The performance parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0073]

Claims

1. Spun yarn, comprising polyester fibers and cotton fibers, characterized by: On the cross section of the spun yarn, the polyester fibers and the cotton fibers are respectively gathered into bundles, and the polyester fiber bundles and the cotton fiber bundles present a parallel structure. The polyester fiber bundles are composed of polyester fibers with different cross sections.

2. The spun yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyester fiber bundle is composed of two or more of cross-section polyester fibers, Y-section polyester fibers, multilobal-section polyester fibers and round-section polyester fibers.

3. The spun yarn according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The polyester fiber bundle consists of cross-section polyester fibers and round-section polyester fibers.

4. The spun yarn according to claim 3, wherein: The weight ratio of the cross-section polyester fiber to the circular-section polyester fiber is 50:50 to 70:

30.

5. The spun yarn according to claim 3, wherein: The cross-section polyester fiber has a profile of 20.0% to 60.0%.

6. The spun yarn according to claim 1, wherein: The monofilament fineness of the polyester fiber is 0.5 to 3.0 deniers.

7. The spun yarn according to claim 1, wherein: The weight ratio of the polyester fiber to the cotton fiber is 50:50 to 70:

30.

8. Use of the spun yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in fabrics.

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